WO2025002950A1 - Optimisation de couleur d'argile activée - Google Patents

Optimisation de couleur d'argile activée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025002950A1
WO2025002950A1 PCT/EP2024/067134 EP2024067134W WO2025002950A1 WO 2025002950 A1 WO2025002950 A1 WO 2025002950A1 EP 2024067134 W EP2024067134 W EP 2024067134W WO 2025002950 A1 WO2025002950 A1 WO 2025002950A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
color
tubular reactor
deflection
gas
deflection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2024/067134
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Claudia Berger
Leo Fit
Christina Priesemann
Christian Brinkmann
Theodor BEISHEIM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102023116845.2A external-priority patent/DE102023116845A1/de
Priority claimed from LU103160A external-priority patent/LU103160B1/de
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of WO2025002950A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025002950A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/12—Natural pozzuolanas; Natural pozzuolana cements; Artificial pozzuolanas or artificial pozzuolana cements other than those obtained from waste or combustion residues, e.g. burned clay; Treating inorganic materials to improve their pozzuolanic characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • F27B15/02—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • F27B15/02—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B15/12—Arrangements of dust collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • F27B15/02—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B15/16—Arrangements of cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • F27B15/02—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B15/20—Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
    • C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007—Cooling of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0072—Cooling of charges therein the cooling medium being a gas
    • F27D2009/0075—Cooling of charges therein the cooling medium being a gas in direct contact with the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for obtaining the optimized coloration of an activated clay obtained during a reduction of an activated clay.
  • Activated clays have become established as additives, particularly in the cement industry.
  • the current method is to dry and calcine the clays, a thermal activation. This requires energy for heating and thermal activation, and if the temperature is too high, it can also cause further changes in the material, which may be undesirable.
  • iron compounds in the clays Due to the firing conditions during thermal activation in an oxidizing atmosphere, naturally occurring iron compounds in the clays are converted, in particular, into hematitic iron oxides. This causes a reddish coloration of the clays activated in this way, which significantly reduces the market acceptance of cements made with it.
  • the iron content, or the content of iron in its strongly coloring trivalent oxidation state (Fe 3+ ) largely determines the color of a calcined clay. The color is an important quality parameter for the possible use of these activated clays as a component of the usually gray cement.
  • Inferior (“lean”) clays in particular can have Fe2O3 contents of an average of 2 to 9 wt.%.
  • the Fe2O3 content can also be up to 15% or higher.
  • These high iron contents can lead to a very intense and usually undesirable red discoloration of the artificial pozzolana produced in this way and the composite cements produced with it during calcination.
  • reducing firing conditions are set in the cooling area of plants for the production of calcined clays, for example, in order to achieve the formation of black magnetite.
  • fossil and CO2-intensive primary fuels such as natural gas, crude oil, lignite or hard coal that burn well are required.
  • So-called secondary fuels in particular require continuous oxidizing firing conditions for effective firing, which in turn requires complex Post-treatment of the trivalent iron species is required to eliminate or reduce the undesirable red coloration in the thermally activated clay.
  • a clinker substitute is known from DE 10 2011 014 498 A1.
  • a process for producing synthetic pozzolans is known from US 2012 / 160 135 A1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple and extremely reliable method for cooling an activated and color-optimized clay.
  • the device according to the invention serves to activate and color optimize a mineral material, in particular clays.
  • the device has an activation and color optimization device.
  • the activation and color optimization device can be designed in two parts or consist of a combined activation and color optimization device.
  • a thermal treatment takes place, which leads to the clay developing the necessary properties, for example, in order to be used as a cement additive.
  • Such activated materials are also sometimes referred to as artificial pozzolans.
  • the activation is known from the prior art and can be carried out using any method known from the prior art.
  • the activation device can thus be designed in any configuration known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the activation and color optimization device or the activation device can be an entrained flow calciner.
  • the same also applies to the color optimization device.
  • the color optimization device can be designed as a fluidized bed reactor.
  • An example of a combined activation and color optimization device is an activation device according to the prior art that is operated under reducing conditions.
  • the color optimization device can be designed as a flow-flow reactor.
  • the device has a tubular reactor behind the color optimization device in the material flow direction.
  • the tubular reactor has a solids inlet, the solids inlet is connected to the color optimization device for transferring the activated and color-optimized material.
  • the tubular reactor also has a gas inlet.
  • the gas inlet is preferably arranged in front of the solids inlet in the gas flow direction.
  • the tubular reactor has a length of 5 m to 50 m, whereby the length refers to the distance between the solids inlet and the end of the tubular reactor and thus, together with the flow velocity, defines the residence time within the tubular reactor.
  • the tubular reactor is connected to a deflection device at the end.
  • the deflection device has a solids outlet and a gas outlet. In the deflection device, the flow dynamics are strongly influenced by the deflection and the carrying capacity of the gas flow for the solid is massively reduced, so that a very rapid separation occurs.
  • the combination of a tubular reactor with a deflection device according to the invention is advantageous over conventional cooling systems, for example a separation cyclone, since much faster cooling rates and renewed separation of the activated material take place.
  • the tubular reactor enables a very narrow residence time distribution, so that all particles of the activated material can be cooled in the same way and at the same speed. Dead volumes and thus significant differences in residence times and thus different cooling rates and thus in turn different product qualities due to different levels of reoxidation are reliably and easily avoided.
  • the deflection device has a deflection of the gas flow of 135° to 225°, preferably of 170° to 190°, particularly preferably of 180°. This strong deflection achieves a sufficiently high deposition of the activated material.
  • the tube reactor is arranged such that the gas flow in the tube reactor is directed downwards. Downwards means along gravity, i.e. towards the earth. In particular, a 180° deflection then takes place in the deflection device, so that the gas flow is directed upwards after the deflection. In this way, the influence of gravity is also used to improve the separation of the activated material from the gas flow.
  • the disadvantage of the high construction is acceptable in this case.
  • the tubular reactor is designed in two parts. A first part of the tubular reactor is arranged horizontally and a second part, adjacent to the deflection device, is arranged vertically, so that the gas flow in the second part of the tubular reactor is directed downwards. This achieves an optimum of separation and construction height.
  • the solids outlet of the deflection device is arranged at the lowest point of the deflection device.
  • a separating cyclone and/or a dust filter is arranged behind the deflection device. This makes it possible to achieve the low solids loading of the gas necessary for discharge into the environment or transfer to other processes.
  • a gas conveying device is arranged in front of the gas inlet. This makes it easier to achieve the high flow rate of 15 to 50 m/s preferred for the tubular reactor.
  • the gas conveying device is a fan which conveys ambient air in sufficient quantities into the gas inlet to achieve the flow rate in the tubular reactor. By using ambient air, a cool starting point for the gas is also easily achieved.
  • the solids outlet is connected to a cooling device.
  • the activated material can leave the deflection device at 300 °C to 500 °C.
  • the cooling device it is then cooled to below 100 °C (or to ambient temperature), so that the product can be easily stored or filled. Since in this temperature range a Since reoxidation is no longer to be feared, the type and speed of cooling is comparatively arbitrary and the expert is familiar with what such a cooling device looks like.
  • the deflection device has a first cross-sectional area at the inlet and a second cross-sectional area in the middle.
  • the second cross-sectional area is 2 to 5 times, preferably 3 to 4 times, as large as the first cross-sectional area.
  • the increase in cross-sectional area reduces the speed, which in turn facilitates the separation of the activated material from the gas stream synergistically with the inertia of the material during deflection.
  • the device has a first solid temperature measuring device behind the solid outlet of the deflection chamber. This also makes it possible to easily check whether the activated material has been safely cooled to below 500 °C.
  • the first solid temperature measuring device is preferably designed as an infrared thermometer.
  • the device has a first solid color measuring device behind the solid outlet.
  • the color optimization in the color optimization device can also be controlled as directly as possible, since the optical detection and thus the color recognition can be disturbed at temperatures that are too high.
  • the color detection is preferably used to be able to regulate the fuel addition and thus, for example, to determine the stoichiometric conditions in the color optimization reactor. This makes it possible, for example, to optimize the color value and minimize fuel consumption.
  • the invention relates to a method for activating and color optimizing a mineral material.
  • the method has the following steps: a) thermal activation of the mineral material, b) color optimization of the activated mineral material under reducing conditions, c) cooling the color-optimized mineral material in a tubular reactor, d) depositing the cooled mineral material in a deflection device, wherein the cooling in the tubular reactor takes place at a rate of 200 K/s to 650 K/s.
  • Steps a) and b) are known to the person skilled in the art in a wide variety of embodiments. These can be carried out in any way known to the person skilled in the art. It is important that at the end of step b) a hot, usually between 700 °C and 1000 °C, activated and color-optimized material is available.
  • the difference between the invention and the prior art lies in the rapid, efficient, reliable and robust cooling according to steps c) and d), which enable an extremely high cooling rate of more than 200 K/s and thus significantly higher cooling rates than, for example, the separation cyclones known in the prior art with up to 100 K/s.
  • the basic mode of operation of a tubular reactor achieves a very narrow residence time distribution, so that the cooling rate is also achieved for the entire product and not just on average, which in turn enables a uniform product.
  • an oxygen-containing gas for example air
  • air is selected for the gas flow in the tubular reactor.
  • ambient air is preferred due to its ease of provision as a cooling gas flow. Due to the high cooling rate, even in the presence of oxygen, no significant reoxidation and thus no further and undesirable discoloration of the activated material. In addition, complex cooling under protective gas is not necessary.
  • the gas velocity in the tubular reactor is set at 15 m/s to 50 m/s. This speed range has proven to be optimally suitable. Together with the length, this results in a residence time of 0.2 s to 2.5 s. Shorter residence times are preferred at higher cooling rates ( ⁇ 650 K/s) and longer residence times at lower cooling rates (> 200 K/s).
  • the speed of the gas phase is reduced to 1.5 to 3.4 m/s in the deflection device. This is achieved by expanding the cross-section. This massive reduction in speed rapidly reduces the carrying capacity of the gas phase and thus leads to a good separation result for the activated material from the gas in the deflection device.
  • the temperature of the mineral material deposited in the deflection device is below 500 °C, for example in a corridor of 300 °C to 500 °C.
  • a high cooling rate can be achieved particularly at high temperatures; excessive cooling (i.e. to a final temperature that is too low) makes it more difficult to achieve very high cooling rates, as required according to the invention, since higher cooling rates are usually easier to achieve at higher temperatures than at low temperatures.
  • this also means that the gas phase also leaves the deflection device at a correspondingly higher temperature, i.e. it is higher quality heat that can be better used elsewhere in a composite than low-calorific heat.
  • the target corridor of 300 °C to 500 °C has proven to be advantageous.
  • a residual deposition of the cooled mineral material from the gas stream leaving the deflection device takes place.
  • the residual deposition can, for example, in a separation cyclone and/or in a dust filter. The aim is to be able to continue using the gas stream without any solid load or to release it into the environment.
  • the material separated in the residual separation is combined with the material separated in step d). It is also possible to process both fractions separately, since the fraction obtained in the residual separation has finer (smaller particles) and can therefore also be sold as a separate product quality. However, combining them simplifies the effort of final cooling, processing, storage and packaging on one product line.
  • the material temperature is recorded at the transition from the tubular reactor to the deflection device or after discharge from the deflection device. This enables active control, for example of the amount of gas supplied to the tubular reactor.
  • the material color is detected after it has been discharged from the deflection device. This makes it possible to specifically control the color optimization device, in particular in order to keep the consumption of reducing agent as low as possible.
  • an exemplary device is shown schematically and not to scale.
  • Clay for example, is fed to an activation device 10 via a material feed 12.
  • the activation device 10 can, for example, have a crushing device, a drying device, a preheater and an entrained flow calciner.
  • Such activation devices 10 are extensively known from the prior art.
  • iron in particular which is often contained in clays, is oxidized to Fe2O3, which has an undesirable reddish color. Therefore, the activated clay is treated in a color optimization device 20 in a reducing atmosphere, whereby the III-valent iron is reduced to other iron compounds, which produces a gray color in the clay and thus a saleable product can be obtained.
  • the activated and color-optimized clay is therefore fed via the solids inlet at 850 °C to the tube reactor 30, which is arranged vertically with the gas flow downwards. Air from the air supply 52 and the gas conveying device 50 are fed to the tube reactor via the gas inlet 36.
  • the gas velocity in the tube reactor 30 is, for example, 35 m/s.
  • the length 32 is, for example, 35 m, resulting in a residence time of 1 s.
  • the gas flow is deflected by 180° in the deflection device 40, i.e. upwards.
  • the load-bearing capacity is reduced dramatically, so that the activated clay, cooled to 450 °C, for example, is separated.
  • the separated clay is fed to the cooling device 70 via the solids outlet 42.
  • the gas stream leaving the deflection device 40 via the gas outlet 44 is fed to a dust filter 60, in which fine activated clay is separated from the gas stream. This separated clay is combined with the clay separated in the deflection device 40 and also fed to the cooling device 70.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'activation et d'optimisation de la couleur d'un matériau minéral, le dispositif comprenant un dispositif d'activation et d'optimisation de couleur. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le dispositif comporte un réacteur tubulaire (30) derrière le dispositif d'optimisation de couleur (20) dans la direction d'écoulement de matériau, le réacteur tubulaire (30) ayant une entrée de matériau solide (34), ladite entrée de matériau solide (34) étant reliée au dispositif d'optimisation de couleur (20) afin de transférer le matériau activé et optimisé en couleur, et le réacteur tubulaire (30) ayant une entrée de gaz (36). Le réacteur tubulaire (30) a une longueur (32) de 5 m à 50 m, le réacteur tubulaire (30) est relié à un dispositif de déviation (40) au niveau de l'extrémité de réacteur tubulaire, et le dispositif de déviation (40) a une sortie de matériau solide (42) et une sortie de gaz (44).
PCT/EP2024/067134 2023-06-27 2024-06-19 Optimisation de couleur d'argile activée Ceased WO2025002950A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023116845.2A DE102023116845A1 (de) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Farboptimierung von aktivierten Tonen
DE102023116845.2 2023-06-27
LU103160A LU103160B1 (de) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Farboptimierung von aktivierten Tonen
LULU103160 2023-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025002950A1 true WO2025002950A1 (fr) 2025-01-02

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PCT/EP2024/067134 Ceased WO2025002950A1 (fr) 2023-06-27 2024-06-19 Optimisation de couleur d'argile activée

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008020600B4 (de) 2008-04-24 2010-11-18 Outotec Oyj Verfahren und Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung feinkörniger mineralischer Feststoffe
US20120160135A1 (en) 2010-12-13 2012-06-28 Flsmidth A/S Process for the Manufacture of Synthetic Pozzolan
DE102011014498A1 (de) 2011-03-18 2012-09-20 Outotec Oyj Klinkerersatzstoff
DE102016104738A1 (de) 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Outotec (Finland) Oy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von körnigen Feststoffen
WO2021224055A1 (fr) 2020-05-05 2021-11-11 Flsmidth A/S Commande de couleur et récupération de chaleur lors de la production d'argile activée
CN116323512A (zh) * 2020-10-05 2023-06-23 Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 用于控制产物颜色的多级粘土煅烧方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008020600B4 (de) 2008-04-24 2010-11-18 Outotec Oyj Verfahren und Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung feinkörniger mineralischer Feststoffe
US20120160135A1 (en) 2010-12-13 2012-06-28 Flsmidth A/S Process for the Manufacture of Synthetic Pozzolan
DE102011014498A1 (de) 2011-03-18 2012-09-20 Outotec Oyj Klinkerersatzstoff
DE102016104738A1 (de) 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Outotec (Finland) Oy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von körnigen Feststoffen
WO2021224055A1 (fr) 2020-05-05 2021-11-11 Flsmidth A/S Commande de couleur et récupération de chaleur lors de la production d'argile activée
CN116323512A (zh) * 2020-10-05 2023-06-23 Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 用于控制产物颜色的多级粘土煅烧方法

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