WO2025003106A1 - Procede d'estimation de la charge repartie sur vehicule due au passager du vehicule - Google Patents
Procede d'estimation de la charge repartie sur vehicule due au passager du vehicule Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025003106A1 WO2025003106A1 PCT/EP2024/067756 EP2024067756W WO2025003106A1 WO 2025003106 A1 WO2025003106 A1 WO 2025003106A1 EP 2024067756 W EP2024067756 W EP 2024067756W WO 2025003106 A1 WO2025003106 A1 WO 2025003106A1
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- vehicle
- variation
- mounted assembly
- estimating
- passenger
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/08—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles
- G01G19/10—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles having fluid weight-sensitive devices
Definitions
- TITLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE LOAD DISTRIBUTED ON A VEHICLE DUE TO THE VEHICLE PASSENGER
- Another alternative is to evaluate the size of the contact area in rolling conditions by measuring the deformation of the tire around the wheel in order to determine the size of the contact area.
- a mathematical model linking the type of tire, the inflation pressure and the external dimension of the footprint, we then go back to the variation of load applied to the tire casing.
- this measurement is in rolling conditions.
- the precision of these measurements is delicate for very heavy loads where the deformation of the tire which determines the load variations tends to stabilize according to the circumferential direction on which the evolution of the measurement of the deformation of the tire casing generally relates.
- we cannot check that the seat belts of each person are properly fastened passenger or to adapt the belt restraint force to the type of passenger seated, i.e. an adult or a child for example.
- the objects and methods of the invention which follow aim to solve the problem of measuring the variation in load carried by the vehicle when passengers board the vehicle in the absence of a measuring system external to the vehicle, i.e. usable at any time without specific measuring means.
- this evaluation is carried out while the vehicle is stationary, making it possible to decide on the number of passengers and their location in the vehicle before any movement thereof.
- the invention relates to a method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the boarding of at least one passenger in the stationary vehicle comprising the following steps:
- each mounted assembly of the vehicle with at least one temperature sensor, said sensor being capable of measuring the internal temperature of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly delimited by a pneumatic casing and a wheel;
- the method comprises, in the main phase, a step for recording the internal pressure P of the fluid cavity of the at least one mounted assembly equipped when at least the recorded internal temperature T changes direction of variation or after a duration T0 corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid and the method comprises a second step of evaluating the intermediate volume variation AV2 of the at least one mounted assembly equipped taking into account the recorded internal pressure P, the recorded internal temperature T corresponds to the period of recording the internal pressure P using a fluid model in adiabatic transformation, the fluid having perfect gas behavior.
- the method for determining the variation of applied load comprises two successive phases.
- the first phase consists of identifying the intrinsic parameters of the assembled assembly before the passenger boards the vehicle. This constitutes an installation of the vehicle measurement system by means of setting up the measurement systems at the assembled assemblies of the vehicle and identifying the initial parameters of the assembled assemblies such as the volume of the fluid cavity, the quantity of fluid contained in the closed volume defined by the fluid cavity, the load initially applied to the assembled assembly by the vehicle, the internal temperature of the fluid cavity and the inflation pressure of the fluid cavity of each assembled assembly.
- the nature of the fluid is assumed to be known in order to estimate the quantity of fluid trapped in the fluid cavity.
- the second phase represents the step of evaluating the load variation applied to each mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device due to the passenger boarding the vehicle.
- the electronic device comprising the temperature sensor manages and conditions the recording of the temperature measurement.
- recordings of the internal temperature T of the fluid cavity of each mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device are made at the time of the passengers boarding the vehicle.
- the temporal changes, in the transient phase, of the physical quantities of the fluid cavity are significant.
- the boarding of the passengers causes a first transformation corresponding to the work generated by this additional load which is similar to an adiabatic transformation, i.e. rapid, which is more preponderant compared to the second transformation.
- the thermal balance is necessary following the modification of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity associated with the work generated by the additional load.
- This thermal balance is slower to be implemented due to the thermal inertia of the tire and the wheel.
- the thermal balance is of smaller magnitude on the variation in volume of the fluid cavity than the transformation linked to the work.
- the electronic device is fixed on the internal wall of the tire. The tire is in fact the most deformable element during the adiabatic transformation.
- the temperature sensor being further away from the wheel, the variations in relative temperatures compared to the absolute temperature measured are higher because the thermal inertia of the casing is lower and the wheel, especially the metal wheel, has by nature a greater inertia than the tire. As a result, this improves the accuracy of temperature measurement and therefore the quality of the load variation method.
- adiabatic is understood here to mean that the transformation that the fluid undergoes due to the boarding of passengers in the vehicle is carried out without external heat exchange between the fluid cavity and the exterior of the mounted assembly, which assumes that it is rapid. Therefore, by using only the variation in the measured internal temperature and the variation in internal pressure determined by the law of evolution from the temperature variation of the fluid cavity, it is possible to estimate the first variation in volume of the fluid cavity generated by the boarding of passengers in the vehicle, the fluid having undergone an adiabatic transformation.
- a second intermediate volume variation is evaluated using a second transformation of the fluid.
- This second transformation is associated with the thermal equilibrium of the fluid with the external environment through the components of the mounted assembly, mainly the tire.
- the second volume variation undergone by the mounted assembly following this second transformation is then evaluated using the variation of the internal temperature extracted from the initial recording of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity during the transient phase linked to the boarding of passengers but subsequent to the adiabatic transformation, i.e. when the inflation pressure has reached the steady state or when the internal temperature of the fluid cavity changes its evolution compared to the adiabatic transformation.
- this second volume variation guarantees better precision in the evaluation of the volume variation of the fluid cavity, which improves the precision of the measurement of the load variation at the level of each equipped mounted assembly.
- the first intermediate volume variation is sufficient for the estimation, to a first order of magnitude, of the overload applied to the mounted assembly by the boarding of the vehicle passengers.
- the mounted assembly being preferably in a thermomechanically stable state, it is possible to take as the external temperature the initial internal temperature Tl of the fluid of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly.
- the intermediate volume variation has been evaluated for each equipped mounted assembly, it is appropriate to evaluate the associated static load variation resulting from the boarding of passengers for each equipped mounted assembly of the vehicle. To do this, it is appropriate to transform the intermediate volume variation of each equipped mounted assembly into an equivalent load variation. To this end, it is appropriate to take into account a characteristic of the mounted assembly, in particular that of the tire, which is called the flattening rigidity per unit volume Kp. This quantity makes it possible to link the load carried by the mounted assembly to the volume variation of the fluid cavity generated by the load carried, the mounted assembly being crushed on a ground perpendicular to the applied load.
- This characteristic can of course be a fixed quantity or obtained by an experimental characterization of the assembled assembly or deduced from a numerical simulation campaign of the same assembled assembly.
- the assembled assembly must be in conditions of use close to those observed in the preliminary phase, that is to say around the internal temperature Tl and around the inflation pressure PI.
- this flattening rigidity of the assembled assembly is a quantity defined locally around the initial point of use of the assembled assembly in the reference associated with the internal pressure P, the internal temperature T and the volume of the fluid cavity V.
- the at least one equipped mounted assembly is in a thermo-mechanically stabilized state.
- the transient phenomena recorded at the level of the sensors of the electronic device are only due to the disturbance of the balance of the vehicle generated by the boarding of the passengers.
- the other disturbances do not influence the response of the sensors, which improves the precision of the load variation evaluated by the method.
- the disturbance of the balance of the vehicle takes place on a different time scale than the disturbance associated with the boarding of the passengers or if this disturbance results in lower amplitudes of the responses of the sensors of the electronic device, the method remains entirely relevant.
- the temperature sensor and/or the pressure sensor are placed in a subspace of the closed fluid cavity delimited by the pneumatic casing and the wheel.
- the sensors measuring low-amplitude transient phenomena it is advantageous for the sensors measuring low-amplitude transient phenomena to be placed close to the occurrence of these transient phenomena so that the responses are not drowned in the measurement noise.
- the sensors it is advantageous for the sensors to be located at the mounted assembly and not at the centralized system.
- the measurement will be more accurate than if the sensors are mounted on the wheel rim because of the distance of the measurement from the occurrence of the physical phenomenon which acts on the deformation of the tire casing because of the transient nature of the physical phenomenon.
- the sensors mainly because of the temperature sensor, are positioned far away from the wheel which has a greater thermal inertia than the tire.
- the temperature sensor operates with a resolution of less than one hundredth of a degree.
- the acquisition frequency Fl is between 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz.
- the acquisition frequency Fl is high to capture the first transformation of the fluid which is rapid.
- the determination of the initial volume V0 takes into account the geometry of a wheel rim and the geometry of an unloaded tire, mounted on a rim and inflated to a reference pressure PO, preferably the reference pressure PO is the initial pressure PI.
- the geometry of the tire and/or the geometry of the rim is determined using an identifier of the tire and/or the wheel of the equipped mounted assembly, preferably obtaining the identifier of said tire and/or said wheel is carried out by a radiofrequency interrogation of an electronic device located on the mounted assembly.
- the identity can also be transmitted by radiofrequency interrogation of an electronic device present on the mounted assembly such as an RFID tag (acronym in English for Radio Frequency Identification), a TMS (acronym in English for “Tyre Mounted Sensor”) mounted on the internal rubber of the tire or “inner liner” or a TPMS (acronym in English for “Tyre Pressure Monitoring System)” mounted on the wheel rim for example
- RFID tag an RFID tag
- TMS acronym in English for “Tyre Mounted Sensor” mounted on the internal rubber of the tire or “inner liner”
- TPMS acronym in English for “Tyre Pressure Monitoring System” mounted on the wheel rim
- the load Z of each equipped mounted assembly is estimated by a relation according to the following formula: [MATH1]
- Kpp is the flat tire stiffness of the assembled tire per unit volume.
- the variation in volume AV of each equipped mounted assembly is estimated by solving the following differential equation:
- V is the internal volume
- T is the internal temperature of the fluid cavity
- This differential equation translates the link between the parameters of the fluid of the cavity of the mounted assembly which are controlled on the one hand by an adiabatic transformation of the fluid and on the other hand by the fact that the fluid is a perfect gas.
- the extraction of the second internal temperature variation T begins when the recorded internal temperature T changes direction. of variation and/or begins after a duration TO corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid.
- the thermal equilibrium of the second transformation of the fluid will tend to reduce the temperature reached at the end of the adiabatic transformation.
- a discharge of the assembled assembly leads to the relaxation of the fluid in the fluidic cavity which cools during the adiabatic transformation.
- the thermal equilibrium which follows will lead to an increase in the temperature of the fluid in the fluidic cavity by the external environment which is assumed to be at the initial temperature of the fluid before the discharge of the assembled assembly, therefore the external temperature is higher than the inter temperature at the end of the adiabatic transformation.
- the invention also relates to a method for estimating the number and location of passengers in a vehicle comprising the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the positioning of at least one passenger in the stationary vehicle in which, having determined a track value V and a wheelbase value E of the vehicle, as well as an average support point of a passenger on each seat of the vehicle, the method comprises the following steps;
- the type of passenger is included in the group comprising an adult male, an adult female, an adolescent and a child.
- the method for estimating the number of passengers in a vehicle and their location in the vehicle is based on estimating the load variation of all loaded mounted assemblies of the vehicle.
- the estimated load variation is generated by the passengers boarding the vehicle at predestined locations in the vehicle such as a seat or a multi-seater bench.
- this total load P is divided by a reference number REF which is similar to the mass of a certain type of passenger to obtain a number.
- this is an adult passenger regardless of gender.
- the number resulting from this division gives a number close to an integer or an odd multiple of 0.5.
- the odd multiple of 0.5 then corresponds to the mass of a child whose mass is half that of an adult.
- a center of gravity Ji which corresponds to the barycenter of the average support points of a passenger on each seat of the vehicle, each point is weighted by the mass of the passenger present on the associated seat.
- the best potential combination i is identified, the one that would minimize the distance between the center of gravity G linked to the load variation carried by the mounted assemblies and the center of gravity Ji of the combination i linked to a number of passengers and their location in the vehicle.
- the choice of taking the centers of gravity as a measure makes it possible to concentrate the identification on a few parameters, thus facilitating the identification in terms of resource cost and time.
- this will be reflected in the gap between the centers of gravity G and the potential points Ji.
- the invention also relates to a system for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the positioning of at least one passenger in the stationary vehicle and/or for implementing the method for estimating the number and location of passengers in a vehicle comprising:
- the electronic device comprising at least one temperature sensor, at least one electronic chip, at least one memory space capable of recording the signals from the sensor, and at least one first means of radiofrequency communication at least in transmission, preferably, the electronic device is fixed on the wall internal of the tire, very preferably at the level of the crown of the tire;
- At least one display means comprising at least one second radiofrequency communication means at least in reception.
- the temperature sensor it is appropriate for the temperature sensor to be located on the mounted assembly which is driven by a rotational movement relative to the vehicle.
- the electronic device In order to move away from the elements of the mounted assembly having the highest thermal inertias, the electronic device is fixed to the internal wall of the tire at the level of the crown of the tire. Therefore, it is appropriate for the electronic device conditioning at least the signals of the temperature sensor to be provided with a means of communication, for example radio frequency, in transmission to simply transmit the data beyond the mounted assembly where at least the display means will be located.
- a means of communication for example radio frequency
- the radio frequency communication means of the electronic device is useful for transmitting the calculation results beyond the mounted assembly.
- the radio frequency communication from the electronic device of the mounted assembly can be to the vehicle or outside the vehicle to a device separate from the vehicle such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer.
- These three elements can then represent the display means.
- the display means can also be a graphic interface of the vehicle at the dashboard level for example.
- the result of the calculation means is on the one hand the variation of load carried by each mounted assembly equipped with the electronic device but also certain intermediate objects of the process to identify the best combination allowing to identify the number of passengers and their location in the vehicle.
- the analysis element makes it possible to take a decision and in particular to identify the best potential combination i.
- This optional element of the system for providing a service to the user of the vehicle must be positioned between the calculation means and the display means. Structurally, it can be associated with one and/or the other by a wired connection or be physically dissociated from these elements by means of radiofrequency communication.
- the at least one calculation means comprises at least one third radiofrequency communication means in transmission/reception.
- the calculation means is physically dissociated on the one hand from the electronic device and on the other hand from the display means, it is appropriate for the latter to be able to communicate with the other two elements. This is the case for example when the calculation means is on the vehicle, it retrieves the pressure data from the electronic device through a radio frequency communication with the latter. On the other hand, if the display means is on a mobile telephone, it transmits the calculation results to the display means by this radio frequency communication.
- the at least one analysis means comprises at least a fourth radiofrequency communication means in transmission/reception.
- the analysis means is physically dissociated on the one hand from the calculation means and on the other hand from the display means, it is appropriate that the latter can communicate with the other two elements. This is the case for example when the analysis means is on a server remote from the vehicle, it recovers the variations in loads applied to the various mounted assemblies of the vehicle coming from the calculation means present on the vehicle through a radio frequency communication with the latter.
- the display means is on a mobile phone, or any other electronic device provided with a screen, it transmits the messages resulting from the comparison between the center of gravity G and the centers of gravity Ji by transmitting the number of passengers and their location to the display means by a radio frequency communication.
- the system comprises at least one reading means capable of at least reading data contained in the at least one memory space of the electronic device, comprising at least a fifth radiofrequency communication means in transmission/reception.
- a reading means to recover the data from the electronic device. This reading means ensures the function of capturing the measurement data. The latter then transfers them to the display means or any other element of the system requiring the data by radiofrequency communication for the rest of the method. This is a role of relaying the information by optimizing the communication coverage relative to the electronic device present in the mounted assembly. Indeed, in order to reduce the mass of the electronic device at the tire, it is appropriate to limit the energy source necessary for transmitting the data which is the energy-consuming function of the electronic device.
- the UHF band (acronym for Ultra High Frequencies) allows significant data transmission with an interesting flow rate, this is even more true in the high frequencies of the UHF band such as the BLE band (acronym in English for "Bluethooth Low Emission”). It is classically used in transport applications, which makes it possible to share the communication means of the system with those already present on the vehicle or in the road infrastructures.
- the at least one display means is included in the group comprising a telephone, a computer, a human-machine interface located on the vehicle, preferably located on the vehicle's instrument cluster.
- part of the at least one reading means is located on the vehicle.
- a part of the at least one calculation means and/or a part of the at least one analysis means is located on the vehicle, preferably located on the mounted assembly.
- the vehicle is a natural information relay instrument since the mounted assembly is connected to it and the output of the process is intended for the vehicle or its user. Consequently, it is entirely desirable for the structural devices of the system to be located on the vehicle, although the alternative is equally possible.
- the vehicle ensures a certain confidentiality of the data, unlike communications to servers for example, unless secure communication protocols are set up.
- the localization of the functions at the level of the mounted assembly makes it possible to limit interference with the other structural components of the vehicle.
- Fig. 1 presents a system for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the boarding of passengers on board the vehicle according to the first embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 2 shows another system configuration according to the second embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 3 presents a block diagram of the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the boarding of passengers on board the vehicle and/or the method for estimating the number of passengers and their location in the vehicle according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows a temporal evolution of the internal temperature of the fluidic cavity at the outlet of the temperature sensor
- Fig. 5 shows a temporal evolution of the internal pressure of the fluid cavity at the outlet of the pressure sensor
- Fig. 6 presents a temporal estimation of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity according to the invention
- Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a system 2000 enabling the implementation of the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the boarding of passengers on board the vehicle.
- This system 2000 comprises a vehicle 2001 comprising four mounted assemblies 2006 distributed over the two axles of the vehicle, the front axle and the rear axle following the direction of the vehicle 2001 in forward motion.
- the vehicle here comprises three passengers, only two of whom are shown in the figure. At the front are two adults while a child is seated at the rear on the seat located just behind the driver's seat. Thus, the three passengers exert a force P resulting from their individual mass at the passenger's support point on the seat of the vehicle 2001. This force P is exerted at the centre of gravity G.
- the objective of the method is to determine the reaction forces on each mounted assembly of the vehicle which are stabilized when the steady state is reached.
- Each mounted assembly 2006 of the vehicle 2001 is equipped with an electronic device 2007.
- This electronic device 2007 is located in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device 2007 is placed on the inner wall of the tire at the level of the tread of the tire casing which ensures contact between the ground and the tire casing. It would have been possible to install the electronic device at the wheel rim of the mounted assembly, while remaining in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device could have been integrated into the rim valve like certain TPMS systems (acronym in English for Tire Pressure Monitoring System).
- This electronic device 2007 comprises a temperature sensor associated with a microcontroller and a radiofrequency device at least in transmission.
- the radiofrequency device therefore comprises a radio wave generator and an antenna of radiocommunication to emit the generated radio waves.
- the radio frequency device may also, optionally, include a radio wave receiver to receive instructions from the outside in order, for example, to launch a measurement.
- This electronic device 2007 also includes a memory space to store the measurement data from the temperature sensor before emitting them in the form of radio waves.
- the electronic device may emit the raw measurement data or the data filtered by the microcontroller.
- the temperature sensor it is conventional for the temperature sensor to be accompanied by a pressure sensor.
- the electronic device 2007 emits the two types of data, pressure and temperature, to the outside of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device 2007 emits radio waves in the UHF frequency band (acronym in English for Ultra High Frequency) and in particular in the BLE band (acronym in English for Bluetooth Low Emission)
- the exterior comprises at least the vehicle 2001.
- This vehicle 2001 firstly comprises a radio data reader 2005, operating in the UHF range, the antennas of which are located near the mounted assemblies 2006 in order to recover the measurement data generated by the electronic device 2007.
- the data is then transferred, here by wire, to the calculation means 2002 located in the vehicle 2001.
- This calculation means 2002 comprises memory space and a processor to carry out its tasks: identify the quantities of the assembled assembly corresponding to the initial state, solve the differential equation which leads to the determination of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity of each assembled assembly equipped with an electronic device 2007, and calculate the variation in load associated with the variation in volume by having previously recovered the quantities of the tires necessary for this task.
- the tasks associated with the process of estimating the best potential combination of passengers and their location involve summing the variations in load carried by each mounted assembly 2006 of the vehicle 2001 and positioning the barycenter G of the wheel centers of the mounted assemblies 2006 each weighted by the variation in individual load carried, estimating the overall number of passengers by dividing the total load carried by a reference number REF, identifying all potential combinations of passengers and their location in the vehicle, evaluating for each potential combination, the barycenter Ji of the support positions of the passengers in their seats weighted by the mass of each passenger.
- the last step consists in identifying the best potential combination, the one that minimizes the distance between points G and Ji.
- the results and in particular the last data are sent to an analysis means 2004.
- the transmission of these data is done by wire but a radio frequency communication could have been set up.
- the analysis means 2004 can be integrated into the calculation means 2002.
- the various output data from this analysis means 2004 are transmitted to display means 2003 via a fourth communication means 2104 which is materialized among other things by the radiocommunication antenna of the vehicle 2001 and a second communication means 2102 present on the display means 2003.
- the result obtained can size certain safety elements of the vehicle or allow an additional check to ensure the correct configuration of the passengers on board the vehicle before setting said vehicle in motion, for example.
- Fig. 2 shows another configuration of the system 2000.
- This system 2000 comprises a vehicle 2001 comprising four mounted assemblies 2006 distributed on the two axles of the vehicle, the front axle and the rear axle following the direction of the vehicle 2001 in forward motion.
- the vehicle comprises a single passenger in the vehicle who drives the vehicle 2001.
- Each mounted assembly 2006 of the vehicle 2001 is equipped with an electronic device 2007.
- This electronic device 2007 is located in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device 2007 is placed on the inner wall of the tire at the level of the tread of the tire casing which ensures contact between the ground and the tire casing. It would have been possible to install the electronic device at the wheel rim of the mounted assembly, while remaining in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device could have been integrated into the rim valve like certain TPMS systems (acronym in English for Tire Pressure Monitoring System).
- This electronic device 2007 comprises a temperature sensor associated with a microcontroller and a radiofrequency device at least in transmission.
- the radiofrequency device therefore comprises a radio wave generator and a radiocommunication antenna for transmitting the radio waves generated.
- the device radio frequency can also, optionally, include a radio wave receiver to receive instructors from outside in order, for example, to launch a measurement.
- This electronic device 2007 also includes a memory space to store the measurement data from the temperature sensor before transmitting them in the form of radio waves.
- the electronic device can transmit the raw measurement data or the data filtered by the microcontroller.
- the temperature sensor it is conventional for the temperature sensor to be accompanied by a pressure sensor.
- the electronic device 2007 transmits the two types of data, pressure and temperature, to the outside of the mounted assembly 2006.
- the electronic device 2007 transmits radio waves in the UHF frequency band (acronym in English for Ultra High Frequency) and particularly in the BLE band (acronym in English for Bluetooth Low Emission)
- the exterior comprises at least the vehicle 2001.
- This vehicle 2001 firstly comprises a radio data reader 2005, operating in the UHF range, the reception antennas 2105 of which are located near the mounted assemblies 2006 in order to recover the measurement data generated by the electronic device 2007.
- the data is then transferred, here by wire, to the transmission antenna of the communication means 2105 associated with the data reader 2005 located in the vehicle 2001.
- a radio frequency transmission using a specific communication means would also have been possible between the transmission communication means 2105 and the data reader 2005.
- the first means is a calculation means 2002 comprising transmission/reception communication means 2102. These communication means 2102 receive the radio waves emitted by the transmission communication means 2105 to transform them into digital data usable by the calculation means 2002.
- the calculation means 2002 comprises memory space and a processor to carry out its tasks: identify the quantities of the assembled assembly corresponding to the initial state, solve the differential equation which leads to the determination of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity of each assembled assembly equipped with an electronic device 2007, and finally calculate the variation in load associated with the variation in volume by having previously recovered the quantities of the tires necessary for this final task.
- the results and in particular the last data are sent to a second means which corresponds to an analysis means 2004.
- the transmission of these data is done by means of a radio frequency communication.
- the analysis means 2004 carries out operations from the results of the calculation means 2002 which they recover by radiofrequency transmission from the calculation means 2002 using reception communication means 2104 and the characteristics of the vehicle such as the track V and the wheelbase E between the mounted assemblies 2006 of the vehicle. These values are optionally transmitted by querying a remote database containing data on the vehicle 2001.
- the analysis means 2004 can be integrated into the calculation means 2002.
- the various output data from this analysis means 2004 are transmitted to display means 2003 via a fourth communication means 2104 in transmission and a second communication means 2102 present on the display means 2003.
- the display means are dual.
- a digital tablet 2003 possibly remote from the vehicle 2001 and a man-machine interface 2003 within the vehicle 2001 comprising a display screen on the dashboard of the vehicle 2001.
- the display means 2003 have the objective of warning the driver or any control device of the vehicle 2001 of the number of passengers on board and their location in the vehicle 2001.
- a first extreme configuration consists in integrating all of the calculation and analysis means within the electronic device on board the mounted assembly which transmits the results to a display means remote from the vehicle.
- the other extreme configuration consists in transferring by radio waves the measurement data recorded at the electronic device and carrying out the other steps of the method on means remote from the vehicle, without ever going through the vehicle.
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a vehicle generated by the boarding of passengers within the stationary vehicle. This method comprises several phases.
- the first is a preliminary phase which includes at least actions 1 to 6 which follow one another through a continuous line link system.
- This preliminary phase which focuses on the vehicle before a passenger boards obviously includes the vehicle equipment, ideally at the level of the mounted assemblies, by installing a temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the fluid cavity delimited by the internal surface of the tire and the wheel rim by means of a dedicated electronic device.
- the first steps, noted 1 and 2 consist in determining the physical quantities of the fluid cavity of the mounted assemblies equipped with the measuring device such as the inflation pressure PI and the internal temperature Tl. Preferably, these determinations can be made as a lump sum or through a specific measurement.
- Step noted 3 consists in determining the load carried ZI by the mounted assembly equipped with the vehicle measuring device.
- This determination can be made as a lump sum by making assumptions about the distribution of the total load of the vehicle between the various axles of the vehicle.
- the total load of the vehicle being a given, for example from the manufacturer, corresponds for example to the unladen mass of the vehicle as specified in the technical notices of the vehicle manufacturer.
- the step referenced 4 corresponds to obtaining specific quantities of the assembled assembly equipped with a measuring device.
- One of these quantities is the volume VO corresponds to the volume occupied by the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly when the assembled assembly is inflated to the pressure PI, strictly speaking, under the internal temperature Tl, but in the absence of any load carried, i.e. not resting on the ground.
- the second quantity is the flattening rigidity of the pneumatic envelope of the assembled assembly per unit of volume Kp, possibly depending on the inflation pressure PI, the internal temperature Tl and the load carried ZI.
- a third set of quantities are those associated with the ideal gas behavior laws for the nature of the gas contained in the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly.
- the penultimate step of the preliminary phase, referenced 5 is a step of determining the occupied volume VI by the fluidic cavity of the instrumented mounted assembly subjected to the load ZI and under the inflation pressure PI and the temperature TL
- the last step, noted 6, of the preliminary phase is the evaluation of the quantity of gas contained in the fluidic cavity of the instrumented mounted assembly by determining the number of moles of gas n present within the volume VL
- the hypotheses associated with the ideal gas condition apply well, it is still necessary to identify the nature of the composition of the gas, that is to say a monatomic gas or a gas mixture.
- the temporal variation of the internal pressure P(t) of each instrumented mounted assembly of the vehicle is recorded, if the latter is equipped with a pressure sensor, which corresponds to step 12.
- the internal pressure variation P(t) is used to evaluate the second transformation of the fluid corresponding to the thermal equilibrium of the fluid of the fluidic cavity of the equipped mounted assembly and the environment external to the mounted assembly, which is made necessary by the transformation linked to the work of the fluid associated with the boarding of the passenger(s) on board the vehicle.
- the linking system between optional steps and essential steps in the process are illustrated with gray colored lines instead of black. However, the linking systems of the main phase are illustrated by dotted lines, while those of the preliminary phase are solid lines. Finally, as will be seen later, the secondary phase has a linking system in the form of dashed lines.
- One of the important steps of the main phase is the determination of the volume variation AV of the fluid cavity of each instrumented mounted assembly through step 13. This corresponds to taking into account at least the adiabatic transformation of the fluid of the fluid cavity due to the boarding of passengers in the vehicle which modifies the thermomechanical equilibrium of all the mounted assemblies of the vehicle and consequently of the fluid trapped in each fluid cavity of the mounted assemblies.
- the fluid is assumed to follow the behavior of an ideal gas. From the internal temperature variation T(t) of each instrumented mounted assembly, it is possible to determine the internal pressure variation P(t) by means of the devolution law identified in the preliminary phase for an adiabatic transformation of the fluid.
- the method can be completed by measuring the variation of the internal pressure P of the fluid cavity in order to evaluate a second variation of the volume of the fluid cavity associated with the transformation corresponding to the thermal equilibrium of the fluid with the external environment due to the heat exchange which is established between the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly and the external environment through the components of the mounted assembly; that is to say the pneumatic envelope and the wheel.
- This second transformation is generally subsequent to the transformation linked to the work since it is the temperature variation generated by the adiabatic transformation which is at the origin of the thermal imbalance between the fluid cavity and the external environment.
- Another important step of the main phase is the evaluation of the load variation carried AZ associated with the single volume variation previously evaluated AV which corresponds to step 14. For this, it is necessary to take into account again the flattening rigidity of the assembled assembly Kp per unit of volume.
- This rigidity can include a pneumatic component and a structural component. Taking into account a single pneumatic component Kpp can be sufficient for a reliable estimation of the load variation carried AZ.
- the potential number of passengers is determined according to the various types of passengers. What differs from one type of passenger to another is the mass of the latter. It is thus easy to create at least one adult passenger and one child passenger. The mass of the child passenger then accounts for half of the mass of the adult passenger. Thus, in this specific case, the proximity of the number N to an integer or a multiple of 0.5 makes it possible to identify various combinations of passenger types. These possible combinations of passenger type must then be multiplied by their possible location in the vehicle to identify all potential combinations i of passenger type and location from the number N in step 22. The identification of these combinations i corresponds to step 23 of the block diagram in Figure 3.
- step 25 From each potential combination i, it is possible to determine the barycenter Ji of the support points of the passengers of each combination i by weighting the support points by the reference mass associated with the type of passenger present on each support point, which corresponds to step 25. For this, it is preferable to determine the location of the support points of each passenger in a vehicle reference frame, preferably using the vehicle reference frame used to locate the barycenter G of the wheel centers of the mounted assemblies. This determination of the location of the support points of the passengers corresponds to step 24.
- step 26 the identification of the exact number of passengers, the type of passenger and their location is carried out during step 26 by searching for the combination i of step 23 which minimizes the distance between the barycenter Ji associated with the combination i and the barycenter G associated with the variation in load carried by the mounted assemblies.
- the solution minimizing the distance with point G is considered to be the most probable combination i making it possible to identify the total number of passengers embarked in the vehicle, the type of passenger and their location on predefined positions represented by the seats of the vehicle.
- Fig. 4 shows the temporal evolution of the temperature delivered by the temperature sensor of the electronic device arranged on a mounted assembly of the vehicle.
- the curve consisting of points 10 is the raw measurement of the temperature sensor while curve 11 corresponds to the temporal evolution of the filtered internal temperature, which is cleaned of high-frequency noise. It is this second curve which will then be used in the synoptic of figure 3.
- This time recording of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly begins in the preliminary phase before the passengers board the vehicle.
- the time of boarding corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the start of the main phase.
- a rapid drop in the internal temperature of the fluid cavity is then observed from this point 100 to point 101 where the drop in temperature stops and even increases to a lesser extent.
- This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with the boarding of the passengers which corresponds to a first transformation of the fluid which is similar to an adiabatic transformation linked to the work generated by the applied overload then the heat exchange towards the outside which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid.
- the abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0 taking as the origin of the times the abscissa of the point 100.
- the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of the point 100. It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases.
- the first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the boarding of the passengers on board the vehicle.
- the second phase 52 corresponds to a heat exchange of the fluid with the outside.
- Fig. 5 shows the time evolution of the internal pressure of the fluid cavity.
- this time evolution is either delivered by a pressure sensor of the electronic device arranged on a mounted assembly of the vehicle as illustrated by curve 12.
- This change in the internal pressure 12 of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly begins in the preliminary phase before the passengers board the vehicle.
- the time of passenger boarding corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the start of the main phase. From this point 100, a rapid drop in the internal pressure of the fluid cavity is then observed up to point 101 where the drop in pressure stops and then increases to a certain extent.
- This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with the boarding of the passengers which corresponds to a first transformation of the fluid which is similar to an adiabatic transformation and then the heat exchange to the outside which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid.
- the abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0, taking as the origin of the times the abscissa of point 100.
- the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of point 100. It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases.
- the first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the boarding of the passengers.
- the second phase 52 corresponds to a thermal exchange of the fluid with the outside.
- Fig. 6 shows the time evolution of the internal volume of the fluid cavity.
- this time evolution represented by the curve, is the output of the calculation of the volume variation by the proposed differential equation, also taking into account the thermal equilibrium with the external environment.
- the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of point 100. It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases.
- the first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the boarding of the passengers.
- the second phase 52 corresponds to a thermal exchange of the fluid with the exterior.
- Fig. 7 shows the time evolution of the load variation applied to a mounted assembly equipped with the electronic device.
- this time evolution represented by curve 14, is the output of the calculation of the volume variation by the proposed differential equation taking into account the thermal equilibrium with the external environment which is multiplied by the flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly.
- the rigidity taken is that which is locally identified at the level of the initial pressure of the mounted assembly, of the initial load applied to the mounted assembly and corresponding to the initial temperature.
- the abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0 taking as the origin of the times the abscissa of the point 100.
- the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of the point 100. It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases.
- the first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the boarding of the passengers.
- the second phase 52 corresponds to a heat exchange of the fluid with the outside.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480044414.6A CN121420175A (zh) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-25 | 用于估算由车辆中的乘员产生的车辆分布载荷的方法 |
| EP24737387.1A EP4735848A1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-25 | Procede d'estimation de la charge repartie sur vehicule due au passager du vehicule |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2307025 | 2023-06-30 | ||
| FR2307025A FR3150588B1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Procédé d’estimation de la charge repartie sur véhicule dUE AU passager DU VEHicule |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2025003106A1 true WO2025003106A1 (fr) | 2025-01-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2024/067756 Ceased WO2025003106A1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-25 | Procede d'estimation de la charge repartie sur vehicule due au passager du vehicule |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4735848A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121420175A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3150588B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2025003106A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6449582B1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-09-10 | The University Of British Columbia | Vehicle weight and cargo load determination using tire pressure |
| JP2017215322A (ja) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-07 | エルディーエル テクノロジー | 車両の積荷の管理方法及び装置。 |
-
2023
- 2023-06-30 FR FR2307025A patent/FR3150588B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-06-25 WO PCT/EP2024/067756 patent/WO2025003106A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-25 EP EP24737387.1A patent/EP4735848A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-06-25 CN CN202480044414.6A patent/CN121420175A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6449582B1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-09-10 | The University Of British Columbia | Vehicle weight and cargo load determination using tire pressure |
| JP2017215322A (ja) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-07 | エルディーエル テクノロジー | 車両の積荷の管理方法及び装置。 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3150588B1 (fr) | 2025-06-06 |
| EP4735848A1 (fr) | 2026-05-06 |
| FR3150588A1 (fr) | 2025-01-03 |
| CN121420175A (zh) | 2026-01-27 |
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