WO2025003601A1 - Fabrication d'un panneau acoustique par soudage par ultrasons - Google Patents
Fabrication d'un panneau acoustique par soudage par ultrasons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025003601A1 WO2025003601A1 PCT/FR2024/050824 FR2024050824W WO2025003601A1 WO 2025003601 A1 WO2025003601 A1 WO 2025003601A1 FR 2024050824 W FR2024050824 W FR 2024050824W WO 2025003601 A1 WO2025003601 A1 WO 2025003601A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acoustic
- skin
- component
- acoustic component
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
- B29C66/0222—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping without removal of material, e.g. cleaning by air blowing or using brushes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
- B29C66/7254—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs honeycomb structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
- B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
- B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2024/00—Articles with hollow walls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of acoustic attenuation structures. It relates more particularly to acoustic attenuation structures used to reduce noise produced in aircraft engines as in gas turbines or exhaust thereof.
- Acoustic attenuation panels typically consist of an acoustic surface plate or skin permeable to the acoustic waves that are to be attenuated and a reflective solid plate or skin called a "closing plate", a multicellular body being arranged between these two skins.
- the multicellular body is generally constituted by a set of partitions, for example in the shape of a honeycomb, delimiting a plurality of cells.
- such panels form Helmholtz-type resonators which make it possible to attenuate acoustic waves in a certain frequency range.
- Acoustic attenuation panels of this type are described in particular in documents US 5,912,442 and GB 2,314,526.
- One solution for handling low frequencies without resorting to an overly thick multicellular body is to place hollow acoustic elements, for example open cone truncates, in the cells of the multicellular body as described in document FR 3 082 987. [0005] To manufacture such an acoustic panel, it is thus necessary to assemble the acoustic skin with an acoustic component formed by the hollow acoustic elements, the hollow acoustic elements with the multicellular body and the multicellular body with the possible closing skin.
- hollow acoustic elements for example open cone truncates
- the acoustic panel has a complex and curved shape, for example a double-curved shape.
- the acoustic component formed by the hollow acoustic elements often cannot be molded directly with a curved shape, so that said hollow acoustic elements remain demoldable.
- the acoustic component is therefore molded "flat", then shaped to be able to correctly introduce the hollow acoustic elements into the cells of the multicellular body.
- the hollow acoustic elements do not always position themselves well in the cells of the multicellular body.
- the hollow acoustic elements are made of thermoplastic material, possibly comprising additives to facilitate demolding.
- the bonding of such thermoplastic materials is more complex to implement than the bonding of thermosetting materials.
- the bonding of the hollow acoustic elements may require additional surface preparation steps which increase the cost of the process.
- the assembly of the hollow acoustic elements with the acoustic skin can also be carried out by conduction welding.
- the risk of deforming the hollow acoustic elements under the effect of the heat provided by the conduction to carry out the welding is significant, while such deformation would lead to a degradation of the acoustic performance.
- This risk of deformation under the effect of heat is all the higher as the hollow acoustic elements are thin and not very thick.
- the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing an easy solution for assembling the hollow acoustic elements to the acoustic skin without risking reducing the acoustic performance of the acoustic panel obtained.
- the assembly is carried out by ultrasonic welding.
- this method has the advantage of being very localized, thus greatly reducing the risk of deformation of the hollow acoustic elements compared to conduction welding.
- the glue is prevented from falling into the hollow acoustic elements and thus reducing the acoustic performance of the acoustic panel.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to facilitate the progressive shaping of the acoustic panel to the correct curvature and to maintain said desired shape.
- Hollow acoustic elements have a shape that gradually tapers between the base and a top.
- ultrasonic welding is carried out by applying at least one sonotrode in contact with the connecting edges of the acoustic component or portions of the acoustic skin intended to be welded, said sonotrode transmitting to the connecting edges of the component acoustic or to the portions of the acoustic skin intended to be welded ultrasonic waves generated by a converter so as to cause localized heating.
- said sonotrode transmits to the connecting edges of the acoustic component or to the portions of the acoustic skin intended to be welded ultrasonic waves generated by a converter so as to cause localized heating at the contact interface between the connecting edges and the acoustic skin resulting in the welding of said connecting edges to the acoustic skin.
- This ultrasonic welding method is particularly suitable for welding the connecting edges to the acoustic skin.
- a compacting device is used to compress the bonding edges against the acoustic skin before ultrasonic welding.
- the compacting device may take the form of at least one roller configured to roll in contact with the tops of several acoustic elements of the acoustic component prior to ultrasonic welding.
- the ultrasonic welding is carried out so as to obtain continuous weld beads extending from one side of the acoustic component to the other.
- the ultrasonic welding is carried out so as to obtain discontinuous weld beads extending from one side of the acoustic component to the other, the cumulative lengths of the weld bead discontinuities representing less than 50% of the total weld bead length.
- the acoustic component is made of thermoplastic material.
- the acoustic skin is made of composite material with a thermoplastic matrix.
- At least the portions of the acoustic skin intended to be welded to the connecting edges of the acoustic component are covered by a layer of thermoplastic resin devoid of fibers.
- Such a pure resin layer allows better control of ultrasonic welding, by ensuring a satisfactory and homogeneous quantity of material.
- the pure resin layer can also facilitate the transmission of vibrations and by ensuring a homogeneous and controlled propagation of said vibrations.
- the acoustic skin has a plurality of perforations before being assembled with the acoustic component.
- Figure 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of an acoustic panel obtained by the method of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the acoustic panel of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the contacting of the acoustic component with the acoustic skin.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the welding of the acoustic component to the acoustic skin using an ultrasonic welding device.
- Figure 5 is a schematic top view illustrating the trajectories of the sonotrode(s) of the ultrasonic welding device.
- the acoustic skin 110 has the function of allowing the sound waves to be attenuated to pass through inside the acoustic panel 100.
- the acoustic skin 110 comprises a plurality of perforations 111, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- Each perforation 111 of the acoustic skin 110 preferably corresponds to a cell of the multicellular body 130 and to a hollow acoustic element 121 of the acoustic component 120.
- the acoustic skin 110 may have a thickness of between 1 mm and 5 mm, for example 2 mm.
- the acoustic skin 110 can be produced in a well-known manner by stamping, by automatic placement of fibers called “AFP” for “Automated Fiber Placement”, or by automatic draping of ribbon called “ATL” for “Automated Tape Lying”. Other processes may also be used to manufacture the acoustic skin 110, such as manual draping.
- the acoustic skin 110 may be made of thermoplastic material, for example a composite material with a thermoplastic matrix comprising fibers.
- the fibers may be carbon, glass or aramid.
- the acoustic skin 110 may not comprise fibers.
- the thermoplastic matrix may be made, for example, of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PESU) or polycarbonate (PC).
- thermoplastic resin devoid of fibers.
- a layer of thermoplastic resin makes it possible to ensure a satisfactory and homogeneous quantity of material, in order to obtain better controlled welding.
- the closing skin 140 corresponds to a solid surface intended to reflect the sound waves entering the acoustic panel 100.
- the closing skin 140 may be a constituent element of the acoustic panel, as in the example described here, or correspond to a structure of an object, for example an aircraft engine. In the latter case, the acoustic panel does not have a closing skin and is directly mounted on the structure of the object.
- the closing skin 140 may have a thickness of between 1 mm and 5 mm, for example 2 mm.
- the closure skin 140 may be produced in a well-known manner by stamping, by automatic fiber placement called “AFP” for “Automated Fiber Placement”, or by automatic tape draping called “ATL” for “Automated Tape Lying”. Other methods may also be used to manufacture the closure skin 140. For example, the closure skin may be pre-baked and then assembled by gluing on the multicellular body, or may be formed and baked directly on the multicellular body.
- the closing skin 140 may be made of a composite material comprising fibers, for example a composite material based on carbon fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. The closing skin 140 may not comprise fibers.
- the acoustic skin 110 may be made of a thermoplastic material, for example a composite material with a thermoplastic matrix comprising fibers.
- the fibers may be carbon, glass or aramid.
- the thermoplastic matrix may be made for example of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PESU) or polycarbonate (PC).
- PAEK polyaryletherketone
- PEKK polyetherketoneketone
- PEI polyetherimide
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PESU polyethersulfone
- PC polycarbonate
- the multicellular body 130 comprises a plurality of partitions 131 which form a network of ribs, thereby delimiting cells 132.
- the partitions 131 each extend between an upper edge 131a and a lower edge 131b.
- the upper edges 131a of the partitions 131 define a first assembly face 130a of the multicellular body 130.
- the lower edges 131b of the partitions 131 define a second assembly face 130b of the multicellular body 130.
- the cells 132 extend from the first assembly face 130a to the second assembly face 130b of the multicellular body 130.
- the heights HI 30 of the cells 132 of the multicellular body 130 are chosen so as to obtain processing of the frequencies of interest according to the use which will be made of the acoustic panel 100.
- the cells 132 of the multicellular body 130 have a hexagonal section. It is of course not departing from the scope of the invention if the cells 132 of the multicellular body 130 have a square, rectangular, round or other section.
- the multicellular body 130 may be made of polymer, composite or metallic material, by additive manufacturing or by conventional means.
- the multicellular body 130 may also be made in a well-known manner of thermoplastic material by injection, folding or assembly of tubes.
- the thermoplastic material may be loaded with short fibers or with long fibers.
- the multicellular body 130 may not be loaded.
- the acoustic component 120 comprises a plurality of hollow acoustic elements 121 each having a shape gradually narrowing between a base 121a and a top 121b.
- the hollow acoustic elements 121 are connected to each other by one or more connecting edges 122.
- the connecting edges 122 comprise an upper face 122a, located on the same plane as the bases 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121, and a lower face 122b opposite the upper face 122a.
- the bases 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 and the upper faces 122a of the edges 122 define a first assembly face 120a of the acoustic component 120.
- the first assembly face 120a of the acoustic component 120 is intended to be assembled in contact with the acoustic skin 110.
- the lower faces 122b of the edges 122 define a second assembly face 120b of the acoustic component 120.
- the second assembly face 120b of the acoustic component 120 is intended to be assembled in contact with the multicellular body 130. More precisely, the second assembly face 120b of the acoustic component 120 is intended to be assembled in contact with the first assembly face 130a of the multicellular body 130.
- the hollow acoustic elements 121 have a pyramidal shape. However, it is not beyond the scope of the invention if the hollow acoustic elements have, for example, a conical, spiral or funnel shape. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hollow acoustic elements 121 have symmetry. However, it is not beyond the scope of the invention if the hollow acoustic elements are asymmetrical.
- the bases 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 have a hexagonal geometry. It is of course not departing from the scope of the invention if the bases of the hollow acoustic elements have another geometry, for example a circular, square or rectangular geometry. In the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vertices 121b of the hollow acoustic elements 121 have a hexagonal geometry. It is of course not departing from the scope of the invention if the vertices of the hollow acoustic elements have another geometry, for example a circular, square or rectangular geometry. [0051]
- the hollow acoustic elements 121 may have a wall thickness of between 0.25 mm and 2 mm.
- the hollow acoustic elements 121 have a thickness of less than 1 mm, for example less than or equal to 0.5 mm, for example between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm.
- a reduced thickness makes it possible in particular to confer significant flexibility on the acoustic component 120, which makes it easier to shape it and assemble it against the acoustic skin 110.
- the base 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is included in a circle whose diameter is between 8 mm and 25 mm.
- the base 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is included in a circle with a diameter of 20 mm.
- the top 121b of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is included in a circle whose diameter is between 1 mm and 10 mm.
- the top 121b of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is included in a circle with a diameter of 5 mm.
- the height H120 of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is between 5 mm and 100 mm, and preferably between 5 mm and 50 mm.
- the height H120 of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is 20 mm.
- the height H120 of the hollow acoustic elements 121 is less than the height Hi 30 of the cells 132 of the multicellular body 130.
- the acoustic component 120 can be produced in a well-known manner by additive manufacturing, injection or stamping.
- the acoustic component 120 can also be produced in a well-known manner by injection-compression of a thermoplastic material. Injection-compression consists of injecting the material into a half-open mold. Thus, even if the material sets, the channels become less obstructed. When the material is distributed throughout the mold, the latter is completely closed by a closing force to return to the correct dimension. This makes it possible to obtain wall thicknesses for the acoustic components that are thinner than with a conventional injection process.
- the acoustic component 120 can also be produced in a well-known manner by injection with controlled temperature of the tooling of a material thermoplastic.
- Injection with tool temperature control consists of controlling the temperature of the tool or mold by means of a tool temperature control system, for example with a heat transfer fluid or with air.
- the acoustic panel 100 comprises only a single multicellular body and a single acoustic component. It is of course not departing from the scope of the invention if the acoustic panel comprises several superimposed multicellular bodies. It is also not departing from the scope of the invention if the acoustic panel comprises several acoustic components. In this configuration, an acoustic component may have a width of between 200 mm and 1000 mm and a length of between 200 mm and 1000 mm. The acoustic panel may also comprise intermediate acoustic skins delimiting different levels of said acoustic panel.
- the assembly of the acoustic component 120 with the acoustic skin 110 comprises a contacting step, possibly a position holding step and a welding step.
- the acoustic component 120 is placed in contact with the acoustic skin 110, as illustrated in FIG. 3. More precisely, the first assembly face 120a of the acoustic component 120 is placed in contact with the acoustic skin 110, i.e. the upper faces 122a of the edges 122 are placed in contact with the acoustic skin 110.
- the acoustic skin 110 already has the perforations 111 before being assembled to the acoustic component 120.
- the acoustic component 120 is arranged in contact with the acoustic skin 110 of so that the perforations 111 open inside the hollow acoustic elements 121 and not on the connecting edges 122.
- the contacting can be carried out manually, or by means of a robot and grippers.
- the use of a robot makes it possible to automate the assembly.
- the acoustic skin 110 can be arranged on fixed or mobile tooling.
- the acoustic component 120 is then held in position in contact with the acoustic skin 110, i.e. the upper faces 122a of the edges 122 are held in position in contact with the acoustic skin 110.
- This holding in position will continue during the welding step, in order to ensure satisfactory welding.
- the holding in position is achieved by applying pressure such that the upper faces 122a of the edges 122 are pressed against the acoustic skin 110. Welding is thus facilitated.
- the positioning can be carried out manually, or by means of a robot and grippers.
- the use of a robot makes it possible to automate the assembly.
- the robot used for positioning is preferably the same as that used for contacting.
- the acoustic skin 110 can be arranged on fixed or mobile tooling, preferably on the same tooling as that used for contacting.
- the ultrasonic welding step is preferably carried out by means of one or more sonotrodes 61.
- the welding step can be carried out by means of an ultrasonic welding device 60 comprising at least one sonotrode 61, a converter 63 and a generator 64.
- the generator 64 is configured to supply energy to the converter 63, preferably with electrical energy.
- the converter 63 is configured to convert the energy provided by the generator 64 into mechanical energy.
- the converter 63 may conventionally be a piezoelectric converter.
- the sonotrode 61 is configured to transmit the mechanical motion provided by the converter 63 to the part to be welded, here to the acoustic component 120.
- the converter 63 may generate ultrasonic mechanical waves whose frequency is between 16 kHz and 10,000 kHz.
- the ultrasonic welding device 60 may further comprise, in a well-known manner, an amplifier 62 arranged between the sonotrode 61 and the converter 63.
- the amplifier 62 is configured to amplify the mechanical movement transmitted by the converter 63 to the sonotrode 61.
- the sonotrode(s) 61 are configured to be able to move between the hollow acoustic elements 121 in contact with the lower faces 122b of the connecting edges 122 of the acoustic component 120.
- the width of the sonotrode 61 allows the passage of said sonotrode 61 between the hollow acoustic elements 121.
- the sonotrode(s) 61 may be provided with a tip 61a at their end.
- the tip 61a is configured to be in direct contact with the acoustic component 120 and to transmit the mechanical movement to said acoustic component 120.
- the tip(s) 61a may be interchangeable.
- the tip 61a may have several shapes. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the tip 61a comprises a flared shape whose width increases from the end of the sonotrode 61. It is of course not departing from the scope of the invention if the tip 61a has another shape, for example a conical shape, a pyramidal shape, a stepped shape, a rounded shape, a pointed shape, a shovel shape, a bell shape or a rectangular shape.
- the end of the tip 61a corresponding to the end of the sonotrode 61 can be included in a circle whose diameter is between 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the welding device 60 may further comprise a parameterization system (not shown).
- the parameterization system is configured to control the energy transferred to the workpiece to be welded, or to control the welding time, or both.
- Ultrasonic welding is a rapid welding method.
- the ultrasonic welding performed in the present invention may allow a welding speed of between 0.1 mm.s' 1 and 50 mm.s' 1 .
- the sonotrode(s) 61 may perform the welding of the acoustic component 120 to the acoustic skin 110 by moving at a welding speed of between 0.1 mm.s 1 and 50 mm.s 1 .
- the ultrasonic welding is carried out so as to obtain continuous weld beads extending from one side of the acoustic component 120 to the other, i.e. passing through the acoustic component uninterruptedly. This provides a seal between the bases 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 and the acoustic skin 110, which provides excellent acoustic performance.
- the sonotrode 61 welds the acoustic component 120 to the acoustic skin 110 by following paths extending from one edge of the acoustic component 120 to another edge of said acoustic component 120.
- the paths followed by the sonotrode(s) 61 can extend in at least two general directions, so as to weld all the connecting edges 122.
- a plurality of first paths extend in a first direction and a plurality of second paths extend in a second direction.
- the sonotrode 61 welds the acoustic component 120 along a plurality of first paths Ti directed along a first direction Di, and along a plurality of second paths T 2 directed along a second direction D 2 .
- the first and second directions Di and D 2 constitute general directions.
- the first paths Ti followed by the sonotrode 61 extend from a first edge 120e of the acoustic component 120 to a second edge 120f of the acoustic component 120.
- the second paths T 2 followed by the sonotrode 61 extend from a third edge 120c of the acoustic component 120 to a fourth edge 120d of the acoustic component 120.
- the ultrasonic welding is carried out so as to obtain discontinuous weld beads extending from one side of the acoustic component to the other, the cumulative lengths of the discontinuities of the weld beads representing less than 50% of the total length less than 50% of the total length of the weld beads, or even representing less than 20% of the total length of the weld beads.
- each discontinuity in a weld bead has a length less than or equal to 2 mm.
- the ultrasonic welding is carried out so as to obtain weld beads passing through the acoustic component with short interruptions.
- This provides a certain seal between the bases 121a of the hollow acoustic elements 121 and the acoustic skin 110, which allows good acoustic performance, while allowing the evacuation of fluids when the acoustic panel 100 is placed on a machine or a system in operation, for example an aircraft.
- Such weld beads with interruptions can follow the same paths and directions as those described in the first welding mode.
- a compacting device can be used to compress the connecting edges 122 against the acoustic skin 110 before the passage of the sonotrode 61.
- the compacting device may take the form of one or more rollers configured to roll in contact with the tops 121b of the acoustic elements 121 of the acoustic component 120 before the sonotrode 61 passes.
- the roller has a width greater than the diameter of the circle in which the base 121a of a hollow acoustic element 121 of the acoustic component 120 is inscribed.
- the roller may be configured to cover, completely or partially, several hollow acoustic elements 121 simultaneously.
- the roller may be configured to cover, completely or partially, two to ten hollow acoustic elements 121 simultaneously.
- the roller is flexible so as not to damage the vertices 121b of the acoustic elements 121.
- the flexibility of the roller allows to adapt to the curvatures of the acoustic component 120.
- the pressure applied by the roller may be between 1 bar and 5 bars. Such pressures make it possible to apply a satisfactory pressure for welding, while not risking damaging or deforming the hollow acoustic elements 121.
- the compacting device may take the form of one or more rollers 71 configured to roll in contact with the lower faces 122b of the connecting edges 122 of the acoustic component 120 before the sonotrode 61 passes.
- the width of the roller 71 allows said roller 71 to pass between the hollow acoustic elements 121 in contact with the lower faces 122b of the connecting edges 122.
- the pressure applied by the roller may be between 1 bar and 5 bars. Such pressures make it possible to apply a satisfactory pressure for welding, while not risking damaging or deforming the acoustic component 120.
- the acoustic component 120 is assembled with the multicellular body 130, such that the upper edges 131a of the partitions 131 are fixed in contact with the lower faces 122b of the connecting edges 122 of the acoustic component 120.
- the second assembly face 120b of the acoustic component 120 is fixed in contact with the first assembly face 130a of the multicellular body 130.
- the assembly of the acoustic component 120 to the multicellular body 130 can for example be carried out by welding or by gluing.
- the multicellular body 130 may already have a suitable curved shape before assembly, or may be shaped directly in contact with the acoustic component 120.
- the fact that the acoustic component 120 is already assembled and bonded to the acoustic skin 110 before assembly of the multicellular body in this curved configuration makes it easier to assemble the multicellular body 130 so that the hollow acoustic elements 121 are present in the cells 132 of the multicellular body 130. If the multicellular body 130 is assembled to the acoustic component 120 by bonding, better control of the bonded interfaces is also obtained.
- a closure skin 140 is present, the skin of the closures 140 is assembled with the multicellular body 130, such that the lower edges 131b of the partitions 131 are fixed in contact with the closure skin 140.
- the second assembly face 130b of the multicellular body 130 is fixed in contact with the acoustic skin 140.
- the assembly of the closure skin 140 to the multicellular body 130 can for example be carried out by welding or by gluing.
- the closure skin 140 can also be formed directly by automatic deposition of fibers on the multicellular body 130, the heating tooling of the deposition head allowing the welding of the deposited strips with the lower edges 131b of the partitions 131.
- the acoustic panel 100 is thus obtained.
- the acoustic panel 100 can for example be used for acoustic attenuation in a nacelle or an aircraft engine, for a blade platform, for an aeronautical sleeve.
- the acoustic panel 100 can for example be used to cover the internal fixed part (IFS) of a nacelle, the cowl of an aircraft fan, a sliding aeronautical sleeve, an aircraft air intake or an aircraft wing part.
- IFS internal fixed part
- the acoustic panel 100 is particularly suitable for the treatment of low frequencies.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480053157.2A CN121713232A (zh) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-21 | 通过超声波焊接制造声学面板 |
| EP24738364.9A EP4736157A1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-21 | Fabrication d'un panneau acoustique par soudage par ultrasons |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2307112 | 2023-06-30 | ||
| FR2307112A FR3150628B1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Fabrication d’un panneau acoustique par soudage par ultrasons |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025003601A1 true WO2025003601A1 (fr) | 2025-01-02 |
Family
ID=88146803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2024/050824 Ceased WO2025003601A1 (fr) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-21 | Fabrication d'un panneau acoustique par soudage par ultrasons |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4736157A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121713232A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3150628B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2025003601A1 (fr) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2314526A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-07 | Short Brothers Plc | A noise attenuation panel |
| JPH1018471A (ja) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-20 | Nok Megurasutikku Kk | 吸音材 |
| US5912442A (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-06-15 | Trw Inc. | Structure having low acoustically-induced vibration response |
| US20180229829A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | Rohr, Inc. | Method for forming a structural panel |
| FR3082987A1 (fr) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-27 | Airbus Operations | Structure constituant un isolant acoustique |
| FR3113169A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-04 | Airbus Operations | Procédé de fabrication d’un panneau acoustique à peau capsulaire et panneau acoustique intégrant une telle peau |
| US20220139364A1 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-05 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Sandwich-structured panels and method of manufacture |
| US20230001646A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for joining fiber composite parts by ultrasonic welding |
-
2023
- 2023-06-30 FR FR2307112A patent/FR3150628B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-06-21 WO PCT/FR2024/050824 patent/WO2025003601A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-21 EP EP24738364.9A patent/EP4736157A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-06-21 CN CN202480053157.2A patent/CN121713232A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2314526A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-07 | Short Brothers Plc | A noise attenuation panel |
| JPH1018471A (ja) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-20 | Nok Megurasutikku Kk | 吸音材 |
| US5912442A (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-06-15 | Trw Inc. | Structure having low acoustically-induced vibration response |
| US20180229829A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | Rohr, Inc. | Method for forming a structural panel |
| FR3082987A1 (fr) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-27 | Airbus Operations | Structure constituant un isolant acoustique |
| FR3113169A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-04 | Airbus Operations | Procédé de fabrication d’un panneau acoustique à peau capsulaire et panneau acoustique intégrant une telle peau |
| US20220139364A1 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-05 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Sandwich-structured panels and method of manufacture |
| US20230001646A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for joining fiber composite parts by ultrasonic welding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4736157A1 (fr) | 2026-05-06 |
| FR3150628B1 (fr) | 2025-10-10 |
| CN121713232A (zh) | 2026-03-20 |
| FR3150628A1 (fr) | 2025-01-03 |
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