WO2025032017A1 - Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung - Google Patents
Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025032017A1 WO2025032017A1 PCT/EP2024/072078 EP2024072078W WO2025032017A1 WO 2025032017 A1 WO2025032017 A1 WO 2025032017A1 EP 2024072078 W EP2024072078 W EP 2024072078W WO 2025032017 A1 WO2025032017 A1 WO 2025032017A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- switching device
- max
- switch
- pmax
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
- H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/16—Reducing cost using the price of energy, e.g. choosing or switching between different energy sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/223—Temperature of the water in the water storage tank
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
- F24H15/429—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data for selecting operation modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2021—Storage heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
- H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
- H05B1/0283—For heating of fluids, e.g. water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2240/00—Fluid heaters having electrical generators
- F24H2240/01—Batteries, electrical energy storage device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2240/00—Fluid heaters having electrical generators
- F24H2240/09—Fluid heaters having electrical generators with photovoltaic cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching device and a method for operating or controlling a heating device for heating a medium, as well as a domestic system with such a switching device and such a heating device.
- the medium can in particular be a fluid, i.e. a gas or a liquid, e.g. water.
- the heating device can thus in particular have a plurality of heating elements in order to heat water in a water tank.
- the switching device can operate a 3-phase heating rod for a water tank of a domestic system.
- a switching device for operating an external heating device for heating a medium by means of a plurality of heating elements of the heating device, which are interconnected at a common star point (star-shaped) and can be connected (or are connected) to the switching device independently of one another, wherein the switching device is designed to be supplied by at least one current phase and comprises a control device which is designed to control the heating elements independently of one another via at least one associated switch of the switching device for step-by-step Setting a heating output generated by the heating device as a whole according to a respective heating level, the control device being implemented by a computing unit. It can be provided that the control device is informed of a desired heating output value (i.e.
- the control device selects a heating level that optimally implements the communicated total heating output setpoint.
- the control device is only informed of a heating level (for example by a higher-level energy management system).
- the information as to which heating level corresponds to which total heating output can accordingly be available on the energy management system and/or on the switching device, in particular the control device.
- the boundaries can also be fluid, since the energy management system can be integrated into the switching device or vice versa. The same can apply to the selection of a specific switching combination to implement a desired heating level, i.e. it can be specified by a higher-level instance (e.g. the energy management system) or selected by the control device itself.
- the energy management system only informs the switching device of the desired total heating output (ie total heating output setpoint), and the switching device then selects and sets the heating level and a suitable switching combination to achieve it.
- the desired total heating output ie total heating output setpoint
- the switching device selects and sets the heating level and a suitable switching combination to achieve it.
- ideal utilization of the available electrical energy is made possible, in particular the energy available from renewable energy sources.
- This does not necessarily mean complete utilization or use, since other parameters and boundary conditions can play a role, for example a desired upper threshold for a water temperature, the priority desire to charge a battery connected to the house system (such as a vehicle battery of an electric car due to an upcoming trip), and the like.
- the battery can be considered as a renewable energy source, according to other variants it can be considered separately.
- controllable switches of the switching device have relays or (preferably) semiconductor switches, or each consist of a relay or (preferably) a semiconductor switch.
- the switching device is designed to switch between at least five heating levels, particularly preferably at least seven heating levels, of different heating output. In this way, many control and regulation programs can already be implemented with comparatively high precision. Switching devices with nine, eleven, twelve, thirteen or even more realizable heating levels are also advantageously provided.
- a diode is connected in parallel to at least one switch, optionally exclusively this diode, or preferably a series connection of the diode and another switch.
- a half-wave of electrical alternating voltage can be filtered out via the parallel-connected diode in order to be able to implement additional heating stages.
- This diode can also be selectively switched on and off via the additional switch. or switched off in order to realize additional heating levels.
- the switching device has an output for each heating element to be connected, wherein the switch associated with the corresponding heating element is connected in series with the output. Each switch can advantageously be controlled individually by the control device.
- control device is also set up to switch between realizations of the same heating power periodically or cyclically one after the other by means of different switching combinations (ie combinations of switch positions of the switches). As will be explained below, there are often heating levels that can be implemented using several switching combinations.
- Periodic switching ensures that the individual heating elements of the heating device and the switches of the switching device are worn evenly in order to maximize the service life of the heating device. Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that each time a heating level is set, with several possible implementations, the various switching combinations are cycled through one after the other. This also makes it possible to achieve particularly even wear of the heating elements, switches, etc.
- the switching device in particular the control device, is designed to receive a current power value of a renewable energy source (in particular a PV system) and to adapt a current heating level at least based on the received current power value. This makes it possible to achieve optimal use of the power currently provided by the renewable energy source.
- the control device is designed to also adapt the current heating level based on a total heating power setpoint.
- the switching device according to the invention can advantageously be used in the context of an energy management system or a managed home system according to a control or regulation method.
- the instructions (or: control commands) for adapting the current heating level can therefore be generated, for example, by the energy management system.
- the control device is designed to set the current heating level such that a difference between the total heating power generated by the heating device and the total heating power setpoint is minimal.
- the switching device can be used in a control or regulating system.
- the control device is designed to carry out a measuring method to determine which heating levels are available and/or which total heating power can be achieved with each of the available heating levels. For this purpose, a test voltage can be applied to each switch of the switching device, every possible switching combination can be switched through, and the power consumed by the heating device for each switching combination can be determined. In this way, it is possible to determine which switching combinations belong to the same heating level, i.e., realize the same total heating output, and what the total heating output is numerically in each case.
- the measuring method can be carried out automatically, e.g.
- the present invention provides a domestic system which has a switching device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention and a heating device which is connected (or: wired) to the switching device and for which the switching device is set up.
- the house system can also comprise a medium to be heated, e.g.
- the heating elements are arranged in an infrared heating panel or a continuous flow heater or in a fluid tank.
- the heating elements can be arranged, for example, in a wall opening of the Fluid tanks can be arranged, in particular screwed in there.
- the home system also comprises a user interface, by means of which one or more target parameters of the heating device, the medium, and/or a fluid tank for the medium can be set.
- the parameter can be, for example, a target temperature of the medium, an upper threshold value for the temperature of the medium, a total heating output target value, a heating energy target value and/or the like.
- Other parameters of the home system can also be set by means of the user interface, for example a charge level threshold value for the charge level of a battery of the home system or the like.
- the user interface can be integrated into the switching device or in an energy management system of the home system, or can be designed separately.
- the user interface can comprise a graphical user interface which - e.g.
- heating elements e.g. at least two, more than 50% of the heating elements or all heating elements of the heating device have the same electrical heating resistance value. If all heating elements have the same heating resistance value, this can also be referred to as a symmetrical variant S. This is often the case with existing heating devices, e.g. 3-phase heating rods, so that high synergy effects arise here with the numerous switching combinations and correspondingly realizable heating levels of the switching device according to the invention. Alternatively, some or all heating elements can also have different electrical heating resistances. This makes it possible to implement additional heating levels.
- the home system also comprises a battery and an energy management system, which is set up to monitor a charge level of the battery and to allow or prevent energy extraction from the battery to operate the heating device based on the charge level. This can achieve optimal interaction between the two energy sinks or energy storage devices, namely the medium on the one hand and the battery on the other.
- the energy management system can be set up to control the switching device to set a higher heating level than the current one.
- the energy management system can provide, for example, in accordance with a user-adjustable or preset prioritization, that additional power is provided from a renewable energy source of the home system and/or from a battery of the home system and/or additional power is drawn from the public power grid and/or the power consumption of at least one local consumer of the home system is reduced.
- the power consumption of local consumers that are connected to the (multi-pole) power grid of the house system (“house power grid”) can be reduced.
- a local consumer can be, for example, a heat pump or a well or pool pump.
- the energy management system can also be set up to control the switching device to set a lower heating level than the current one.
- the energy management system can also be set up to monitor a charge level of a battery in the home system and only allow additional power to be drawn from the battery if the charge level of the battery is above a user-adjustable or preset charge level threshold.
- the home system can be set up so that the switching device switches to a lower heating level than the current one if there is insufficient power (from renewable energy sources in the home system).
- the energy management system can either instruct the control device of the switching device to reduce the heating level if there is insufficient power.
- the energy management system can communicate information about the available power to the control device, which in turn can be set up to change the heating level accordingly, i.e. to increase or decrease it.
- the present invention provides a switching device for operating an external heating device for heating a medium by means of at least one heating element of the heating device, wherein the switching device is designed to be supplied by at least one current phase and comprises a control device which is designed to switch the heating element via at least one associated switch of the switching device for (stepwise) setting of a total heating power generated by the heating device as a whole according to a respective heating level, wherein a diode is connected in parallel to the switch.
- the switching device is designed to be supplied by at least one current phase and comprises a control device which is designed to switch the heating element via at least one associated switch of the switching device for (stepwise) setting of a total heating power generated by the heating device as a whole according to a respective heating level, wherein a diode is connected in parallel to the switch.
- the invention provides a method for operating a heating device (or: for heating a medium by means of a heating device) with a plurality of heating elements which are interconnected at a common star point (in a star shape) and can be connected (or are connected) independently of one another to an energy source.
- the method comprises at least the steps of: detecting a desired total heating power, i.e. a total heating power setpoint; determining a heating level which corresponds as closely as possible (or exactly), i.e. in particular, comes as close as possible to the desired heating power (i.e. the total heating power setpoint); and switching the heating elements independently of one another via at least one associated switch for (step-by-step) setting of the specific heating level.
- the invention provides a method for operating a heating device with at least one heating element (or: for heating a medium by means of at least one heating element of a heating device).
- the method comprises at least the steps of: detecting a desired total heating power, i.e. a total heating power setpoint; determining a heating level which best corresponds to the desired total heating power (i.e. the total heating power setpoint); and switching at least one switch which is arranged between a current phase and the at least one heating element of the heating device and which is connected in parallel with a diode (optionally with a series connection of the diode and another switch) for (step-by-step) setting of the determined heating level.
- the invention provides a computer program product which has executable program code which, when executed (e.g. by means of a computing device), is designed to Method according to an embodiment of the fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention.
- the invention provides a non-volatile computer-readable data storage medium which comprises executable program code which, when executed (e.g. by means of a computing device), is configured to execute the method according to an embodiment of the fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention.
- the non-volatile computer-readable data storage medium can, for example, be designed as or have a semiconductor memory, e.g. an SSD memory chip.
- the data storage medium can also have or include a CD, DVD, Blu-Ray or a magnetic storage device.
- the invention provides a data stream which comprises executable program code or is configured to generate program code which, when executed (e.g. by means of a computing device), is configured to execute the method according to an embodiment of the fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention.
- the computing device can be any device that is designed and configured for digital computing, in particular for executing software, an application, or an algorithm.
- the computing device can, for example, comprise at least one processor unit (e.g. at least one CPU), at least one graphics processor unit (e.g. at least one GPU), at least one field-programmable gate array, FPGA and/or at least one application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC, and/or any combination of the aforementioned elements.
- the computing device can also have a main memory and/or a non-volatile data memory, which are operatively connected to one another and/or to some or all of the previously mentioned mentioned elements are linked.
- the computing device can be implemented partially or completely in a local unit (for example a personal computer, PC, a laptop, a notebook or the like) and/or partially or completely in a distributed system, e.g. a cloud computing platform or a spatially separated server.
- a local unit for example a personal computer, PC, a laptop, a notebook or the like
- a distributed system e.g. a cloud computing platform or a spatially separated server.
- FIG. 16 a schematic flow diagram for explaining a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 17 a schematic flow diagram for explaining a method according to a further embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 18 a schematic block diagram of a computer program product according to yet another embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 19 a schematic block diagram of a data storage medium according to yet another embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 20 is a schematic flow diagram for explaining a method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
- identical or functionally identical elements and devices have been provided with the same reference numerals - unless otherwise stated.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a switching device 10 and a house system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention.
- the switching device 10 can also be used or provided independently of the house system 100.
- the various components of the house system 100 are optional and can be provided or not depending on the planned use or existing infrastructure. In addition, additional components not shown can of course be added.
- the switching device 10 is designed to operate an external heating device 20 (with respect to the switching device 10), which is designed to heat a medium.
- a fluid F in a fluid tank 50 (here in particular water in a water tank) is used as an example of such a medium.
- the heating device 20 can, for example, be arranged in a wall opening of the fluid tank 50, in particular screwed in. It is understood, however, that a wide variety of other media can also be heated, for example heat radiators of an infrared panel or the like.
- the switching device 10 is designed such that it can set the heating device 20 to one of a plurality of possible heating levels, each heating level advantageously being accompanied by a different heating output of the heating device 20. It is particularly advantageous that the switching device 10 is also compatible with existing, relatively simply designed heating devices 20.
- the switching device 10 comprises a control device 11, which can be implemented by any computing unit, for example by a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller (PLC) and/or the like.
- the control device 11 can in particular be implemented partly in hardware and partly in software.
- the switching device 10 is also designed to be supplied by at least one current phase L via at least one electrical line 34, which can be a single current phase (L1, L2, L3) of a 3-phase alternating current, or two, or all of these current phases.
- the switching device 10 can also be coupled to a neutral conductor N and/or a protective conductor PE via the at least one electrical line.
- the switching device 10 also has a plurality of switches K1, K2, K3, which are partially referred to jointly below (or if it does not matter which switch is meant exactly) as Ki.
- the control device 11 is designed to switch the switches Ki, ie in particular to either open or close each switch Ki independently of the others (or: to switch it on or off).
- Each of the switches Ki is designed to connect a heating device 20 to an individual heating element 21-1, 21-2, 21-3. to be connected, in particular, in such a way that the corresponding heating element 21-i heats when the corresponding switch Ki is closed, and does not heat when the corresponding switch Ki is open.
- each switch Ki can be electrically connected to a (in particular: exactly one) corresponding connection 16-i on a housing of the switching device 10, so that each heating element 21-i only needs to be electrically connected to one of the corresponding connections 16-i.
- the heating elements 21-i are connected to a common star point 22, i.e. they are coupled in a star shape.
- a neutral conductor N can be connected via a connection 17 of the switching device 10, which neutral conductor N can optionally be switched by the control device 11 via a switch KN of the switching device 10.
- switches Ki, KN can be switched can vary from installation location to installation location depending on the existing rules, standards or laws and can be set in the control device 11.
- the switches K1, K2, K3 can be designed as relays or semiconductor switches or can comprise a relay or a semiconductor switch.
- the invention is described by way of example with three (preferably semiconductor) switches K1, K2, K3 for operating exactly three heating elements 21-i. However, it is understood that fewer (for example two switches Ki) or more switches Ki can be present. This applies to each of the embodiments described here. It is advantageous if the number of switches Ki is equal to the number of heating elements 21-i, or at least greater than this.
- the control device 11 advantageously has information about which heating output P i can be or is available at which of the switches Ki or at which of the connections 16-i. This information (which individual heating output P i can be made available in each case) can be programmed in using a user interface 12 of the switching device or selected from a table. It is also conceivable that the control device 11 has a database with common models of the heating device 20, from which the corresponding model with the corresponding individual heating outputs P i can then be selected by a user.
- the user interface 12 can, instead of and/or in addition to the switching device 10, also be provided on an energy management system 40 of the building system 100, which is coupled to the switching device 10 for data communication.
- the energy management system 40 of the house system 100 can also be integrated into the switching device 10 or vice versa.
- the control device 11 is particularly preferably designed to carry out a measuring process (e.g.
- the control device 11 can apply a test voltage to each switch K1, K2, K3 of the switching device 10, every possible Switching combinations can be switched through and a power consumed by the heating device 20 can be determined for each switching combination. In this way, it is possible to determine which switching combinations belong to the same heating level, ie, achieve the same total heating power P, and what the total heating power P is numerically (or quantitatively) in each case.
- the measuring process can be carried out automatically, e.g. each time the switching device 10 is initialized, or at the request of a user via the user interface 12.
- the control device 11 can advantageously only be informed of a total heating output setpoint (for example by the energy management system 40), whereupon the control device 11 independently determines which heating level best corresponds to this total heating output setpoint, selects a corresponding switching combination, and then sets this. Accordingly, in the following we will mainly talk about the desired heating level, although it is understood that this can be determined in each case for the best possible realization of a total heating output setpoint.
- the total heating output setpoint can be determined, for example, depending on how much electrical power is currently generated by renewable energy sources, how much electrical power remains after deducting the total consumption of consumers 32, how high the current electricity price is and/or the like.
- all heating elements 21-i have the same heating power P i (“symmetrical variant”, S), since this is a common design of heating devices 20.
- P i symmetrical variant
- S heating power
- the heating elements 21-i can each have (at least) one heating resistor or consist of such.
- the total number of all resistors of a heating element 21-i which are used for heating provides the heating output P i of the corresponding heating element 21-i.
- the exact connection of the heating elements 21-i to one another and to current phases of a power supply is only shown schematically in Fig. 1. Actual possible circuits which can be implemented by means of the switching device 10 will be explained in more detail below.
- the control device 11 is designed to switch the heating elements 21-i independently of one another via at least one associated switch Ki of the switching device 10 for the step-by-step adjustment of a total heating output P to be generated (or generated) by the heating device 20 in total according to a respective heating level.
- the house system 100 according to the invention comprises at least the switching device 10 and the heating device 20.
- the switching device 10 is supplied with electrical power via a power grid 30 (for example a multi-pole house power grid of a household).
- the power grid 30 can have a grid connection point 31 for connection to the public power grid 35 and at least one consumer 32, for example a heat pump.
- the combination of the switch positions of the switches Ki and the interconnection of the connections 16-i by the switching device 10 results in a hierarchy of heating levels, with the lowest heating level (all switches Ki open) corresponding to a heating output of 0 watts, and the highest heating level (all switches Ki closed) corresponding to a maximum total heating output of P max .
- a series of possible connections will first be described with reference to Figs. 2 to 15 in order to demonstrate the diverse possibilities of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 shows a possible connection by the switching device 10 according to one embodiment.
- each of the three connections 16-1, 16-2, 16-3 is connected to a corresponding current phase L1, L2, L3 of a 3-phase alternating current by the switching device 10 (not fully shown in Fig.
- the heating elements 21-i each have a heating resistor R1, R2, R2.
- no switch KN is required on the neutral conductor N and can therefore also be omitted from the switching device 10, ie the neutral conductor N can remain switchless. This is advantageous in areas in which switching the neutral conductor N is prohibited.
- the individual setting options for the switches are listed in the first three columns (0 corresponds to "switch open", 1 corresponds to "switch closed”).
- the correspondingly set (or selected) total heating outputs P are given in the fourth column as a fraction of the maximum total heating output P max .
- the four different heating levels that can be implemented thus correspond, for example, to the total heating outputs 0, 1/3 P max , 2/3 P max and P max .
- the control device 11 can be designed to periodically and/or with each new setting of one of these heating levels, successively cyclically select a different switching combination of the switches Ki in order to switch the corresponding heating elements 21-i and the switches 16-i to be evenly stressed or worn.
- This also applies to each of the embodiments discussed below, provided they have at least one heating level that can be implemented using more than one switching combination. It is therefore possible to switch between the switching combinations periodically and/or cyclically.
- R1, R2, and R3 are all different, as shown in Fig. 2. This wiring enables seven different heating levels, each with a different total heating output P.
- the resistor designated R1 can also be connected to terminal 16-2 or 16-3, and so on in any permutation.
- Fig. 3 shows a connection by the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment.
- the heating device 20 to be operated is a 3-phase heating rod, which, however - in contrast to the variants in Fig. 2 - is to be operated with a 1-phase power network. Accordingly, all three connections 16-i can be connected to the L1 current phase by the switching device 10.
- Fig. 4 shows a connection by the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment. This embodiment differs from that in Fig.
- Fig. 4 The five heating levels correspond to the total heating power P of 0 (5 switching combinations), 1/3 P max (3 switching combinations), 1/2 P max (3 switching combinations), 2/3 P max (4 switching combinations), and P max (2 switching combinations). An asymmetrical variant would result in correspondingly more heating levels.
- the connection according to Fig. 4 also makes it possible to operate a 1-phase heating rod by replacing L2 and L3 in Fig. 4 with L1 (not shown).
- Fig. 5 shows a connection using the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment. This embodiment differs from that according to Fig.
- the seven heating levels correspond to the total heating power P of 0, 1/6 P max , 1/3 P max , 1/2 P max , 2/3 P max , and P max .
- This variant thus illustrates the general case that the switching device 10 can have a switch (here: K2) which can be switched between one of the current phases L1, L2, L3, ie a current conductor on the one hand and the neutral conductor N on the other.
- K2 a switch which can be switched between one of the current phases L1, L2, L3, ie a current conductor on the one hand and the neutral conductor N on the other.
- the corresponding heating element 21-2 with its heating resistor R2 is alternatively coupled to the corresponding current phase L1, L2, L3 or the neutral conductor N.
- Fig. 6 shows a connection by the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment, which represents a variant of the connection in Fig. 5.
- the heating device 20 to be operated is again a 3-phase heating rod, which is, however, to be operated with a 1-phase power network. Accordingly, all three connections 16-i are connected to the L1 current phase by the switching device 10.
- the six heating levels each correspond to a total heating output P of 0, 1/6 P max , 1/3 P max , 2/3 P max , 2/9 P max , and P max .
- P max a total heating output
- embodiments are shown and explained, each of which has at least one diode that is connected in parallel with a respective switch. The diodes make it possible to implement additional heating stages by blocking half-waves.
- Fig. 7 shows a connection through the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment.
- a 1-phase heating device 20 is operated, which comprises a single heating element 21-i with a heating resistor R (or a sum of heating resistors that can be represented with R as an equivalent resistor).
- the switching device 10 can be designed for such 1-phase heating devices 20 with only two connections 16-1, 17 for the L1 current conductor and the neutral conductor, or can be programmed to supply only these connections with power.
- the switching device 10 has a switch K1 that can be controlled by the control device 11 and a diode 14 connected in parallel to this switch K1. In this way, as listed in Table 7 below, three heating levels can be implemented: 0, 1/2 P max, and P max .
- FIG. 7 shows a connection by the switching device 10 according to a further embodiment, which can be referred to as a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 7.
- the switching device 10 has a Switch K1 has a series circuit connected in parallel with another switch K1a, which can be controlled by the control device 11, and the diode 14.
- the switch K1a forms a series circuit with the diode 14.
- the switching device 10 can also be designed without the connection 17 and thus, for example, have only exactly one connection 16-1, 16-2, 16-3 per current phase L1, L2, L3.
- Fig. 10 shows a 1-phase operated (or 1-phase coupled) variant of the circuit from Fig. 9.
- the neutral conductor N can be connected to the switch K2 and the connection 16-2 (shown) or to the switch K3 and the connection 16-3 (not shown).
- Fig. 11 shows a variant of the circuit from Fig. 9, wherein the circuit or switching device 10 from Fig. 11, in contrast to the circuit or switching device 10 from Fig. 9, has a neutral conductor N connected to the terminal 17 of the switching device 10, which can be switched by a switch KN (“neutral conductor switch”) of the switching device 10.
- Fig. 12 shows a 1-phase variant of the connection from Fig. 11.
- Fig. 13 shows a variant of the circuit from Fig. 11, which differs from this in that the diode 14 can be switched instead of the switch KN in the neutral conductor N; the symmetrical variant S is also shown.
- a further switch K1a is connected in series with the diode 14, by means of which the diode 14 (and preferably only the diode 14) can be switched in parallel with the switch K1 when the switch K1a is closed.
- Fig. 14 shows a variant of the connection from Fig. 13, with the two differences that it is a 1-phase connection and an asymmetric variant A.
- Fig. 15 shows a variant of the connection from Fig. 13, with the difference that a series connection of diode 14 and additional switch K1a, K2a, K3a is arranged on all current phases L1, L2, L3 in parallel to the respective switch K1, K2, K3 (and not just to the switch K1 as in Fig. 13).
- each heating stage in the variant from Fig. 15 can be realized with more different switching combinations.
- the variant from Fig. 15 also clearly enables phase-accurate switching, so that phase-accurate consumption of the heating device 20 can also be set accordingly. If an unbalanced load occurs at the grid connection point 31 and/or in the (in-house) power grid 30, i.e. if one or more current phases L1, L2, L3 have a significantly different load than one or more of the other current phases L1, L2, L3, then the switching device 10 can be controlled (e.g.
- an energy management system 40 in such a way (or control itself in such a way) that the unbalanced load is counteracted by selecting a suitable heating level and/or a suitable switching combination of the switches K1, K1a, K2, K2a, K3, K3a.
- the unbalanced load can be detected by the energy management system 40, which then either controls the switching device 10 directly accordingly, or transmits the necessary information to the switching device 10 so that the switching device 10 can carry out the necessary control itself.
- the variant from Fig. 15 is also useful in the event of an emergency power supply, for example if the public power grid 35 fails or is switched off.
- the inverter often sets up an emergency power supply with a frequency of, for example, 53 Hz in the local power grid 30 and detects this via a frequency measurement by the control unit 11, while in normal operation, for example, the 50 Hz of the public power grid 35 is present.
- a frequency of, for example, 53 Hz in the local power grid 30 and detects this via a frequency measurement by the control unit 11, while in normal operation, for example, the 50 Hz of the public power grid 35 is present.
- the control unit 11 detects this via a frequency measurement by the control unit 11
- the 50 Hz of the public power grid 35 is present.
- the inverter often only a few consumers are operated, and it can be important to be able to choose exactly which power phase L1, L2, L3 is used to draw how much power.
- the 15 enables a user to manually activate a single (or several) of the power phases L1, L2, L3 of the heating device 20 via a user interface 12 (of the switching device 10, the energy management system 40 or the like), for example at the lowest heating level with a heating output greater than zero, in order not to overload the emergency power supply. If an overload or a breakdown of the emergency power supply does occur, the user can again select a different power phase L1, L2, L3 for a second or third attempt. Similar options are also available to the user for the other connection variants described above.
- connection 16-i in asymmetrical connection variants in which a diode 14 is connected to at least one connection 16-i (whether in parallel with the corresponding switch Ki and/or in series with the further switch Kia), it is preferred that this connection 16-i is connected to a heating element 21-i which has the lowest heating power or the highest heating resistance (in the examples usually R1). In this way, it is ensured that a further heating stage is or can be provided by using the diode 14 (and corresponding switching).
- FIG. 16 shows a schematic flow chart for explaining a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, namely a method for operating a heating device 20 or for heating a medium, in particular a fluid F, by means of a heating device 20 with a plurality of heating elements 21-i which are connected to one another in a star shape at a common star point 22.
- the method can be carried out by means of the switching device 10 and/or the domestic system 100 according to an embodiment (in particular according to one of Figures 1-6 and 9-15) of the present invention, but also independently thereof.
- a desired total heating output P of the heating device 20 is recorded, for example by a user interface 12, by an energy management system 40 or the like. Recording the total heating output setpoint can comprise determining the total heating output setpoint, in particular calculating it.
- a heating level is determined (for example by the energy management system 40 or the control device 11 of the switching device 10) which corresponds as closely as possible to the detected total heating power setpoint, ie, is as close as possible. This makes it possible to advantageously keep a difference between the total heating power generated by the heating device 20 and the total heating power setpoint to a minimum. Alternatively, it can also be provided that (according to one option) the lower heating level closest to the total heating power setpoint is selected, or (according to another option) the next higher heating level to the total heating power setpoint is selected.
- a step S300 heating elements 21-i of the heating device 20 are switched independently of one another via at least one associated switch Ki; K1a, for (step-by-step) setting of the specific heating level.
- Examples of such and further switching actions as method steps can be found in the description of Figures 1-6 and 9-15 and arise in particular from the tables listed there.
- Fig. 17 shows a schematic flow chart for explaining a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, namely a method for operating a heating device 20 or for heating a medium F by means of at least one heating element 21-i of a heating device 20. The method can be carried out by means of the switching device 10 and/or the house system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, but also independently thereof.
- a desired total heating power P of the heating device 20, i.e., a total heating power setpoint is recorded, for example by a user interface 12, by an energy management system 40, by a thermostat, or the like.
- a heating level is determined which corresponds as closely as possible (or exactly) to the recorded total heating power setpoint, i.e., in particular, comes as close as possible to it.
- a step S600 at least one first switch K1 connected in series with at least one heating element 21-i, which is connected in parallel with a diode 14, is switched to set the specific heating level (in stages). wherein the switch is arranged between a current phase L1 and the at least one heating element 21-i.
- a further switch K1a connected in series with the diode 14 and connected in parallel with the diode 14 to the first switch K1 is also switched for the (stepwise) setting of the specific heating level. This parallel connection is thus also arranged between a current phase L1 and the at least one heating element 21-i.
- Fig. 18 shows a schematic block diagram of a computer program product 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the computer program product 200 comprises executable program code 250 which, when executed, is configured to carry out the method according to an embodiment of the present invention, for example according to Fig. 16 or Fig. 17.
- Fig. 19 shows a schematic block diagram of a non-volatile computer-readable data storage medium 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the data storage medium 300 comprises executable program code 350 which, when executed, is configured to carry out the method according to an embodiment of the present invention, for example according to Fig. 16 or Fig. 17.
- the non-volatile computer-readable data storage medium 300 can, for example, be designed as a semiconductor memory, e.g. an SSD memory chip, or have such a memory.
- the data storage medium 300 can also be a CD, DVD, Blu-Ray or have or comprise a magnetic storage device.
- the domestic system 100 can have an energy management system 40 which can in particular control flows of electrical energy via the power grid 30, in particular between power sources and/or power consumers, such as the grid connection point 31, at least one consumer 32, a battery 60 of the domestic system 100, a renewable energy source 70 (for example a PV system) of the domestic system 100, an inverter 80 of the domestic system 100 and/or the like.
- the possibilities and usual programs of such energy management systems 40 are known. For example, for various reasons it is generally desired that the electrical energy generated by a renewable energy source 70 is consumed as far as possible within the house system 100, if this is not possible, stored within the battery 60, and if this is no longer possible, fed from the house system 100 into the public power grid via the grid connection points 31.
- Fig. 19 shows a schematic flow chart illustrating a possible method for selecting heating levels, wherein the selected heating levels are determined by the various Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. Accordingly, the switching device 10 and/or the house system 100 can be set up to carry out such a method, or the methods according to Fig. 16 or Fig. 17 can be designed or modified so that they include such a method.
- the description begins with a start step S1; however, it is understood that the method described is usually carried out cyclically, ie always starts again from the beginning, as shown by the arrows.
- a target temperature for the medium here (only as an example) a fluid F in a fluid tank 50
- the target temperature can be specified directly by a user, for example via a user interface 12 in a smart home control application. Alternatively, the target temperature can also be given by an algorithm which can take into account, for example, the time of day, the time of year and/or a user input.
- the recording S1 can also consist of maintaining an already specified target temperature.
- a current actual temperature of the fluid F in the fluid tank 50 is recorded, in particular measured. The actual temperature can be determined by means of a temperature sensor of the house system 100, which can be integrated into the fluid tank 50, for example.
- a step S3 it is checked whether an actual temperature of the fluid F in the fluid tank 50 is lower than a target temperature.
- a comparison with a comparison or threshold value here: with the target temperature
- a A tolerance range can be provided within which the process continues as if there were no difference. In this way, constant switching back and forth or other unstable control behavior can be prevented.
- the tolerance ranges can be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically around the comparison or threshold value. The latter can be used, for example, to achieve a hysteresis effect, such that a larger deviation from the threshold value is required to revise a decision than was necessary to originally trigger the decision.
- step S4 checks whether there is excess power in the house system 100, initially from renewable energy sources 70, e.g. from a PV system. Preferably, only renewable energy sources 70 of the house system 100 are taken into account here. For the test, a current power value of at least one renewable energy source 70 can be obtained in step S4. Optionally, other power values, for example power consumed by consumers 32, etc., can also be received.
- a step S5 checks whether the charge level of the battery 60 is above a charge level threshold value.
- This charge level threshold value can, for example, indicate a charge level above which charge levels are generally undesirable, whether it is to charge the battery 60, or because such a high charge level is considered unnecessary or the like. If the charge level exceeds this first threshold value (plus sign, "+", in the drawing), the energy management system 40 controls the home system 100 in such a way that in a step S6 an output power available on the battery 60 and (e.g. by the customer) approved is added to the excess power.
- step S7 the next step is to check in a step S7 whether the excess power now determined is sufficient to switch the heating device 20 to a higher heating level. Accordingly, bidirectional communication can be established between the switching device 10 and the energy management system 40, so that on the one hand the energy management system 40 knows the currently set heating level and/or the total heating power setpoint, and on the other hand it can specify a heating level to be set and/or the total heating power setpoint to the switching device 10.
- a higher heating level is to be understood as a heating level which, ceteris paribus, provides a greater heating output than a lower heating level.
- step S4 If it is determined in step S4 that no excess power from renewable energy sources 70 is available (minus sign, “-”, in the drawing), a check is made in step S9 as to whether power from the supply grid is currently being consumed, i.e., whether it is flowing into the building system 100 at the grid connection point 31. If this is not the case (minus sign, “-”, in the drawing), the current heating level is retained and the method continues at step S1. If this is the case (plus sign, “+”, in the drawing at step S9), a check is made in step S10 as to whether a lower heating level is available (i.e., whether the lowest heating level, i.e., with an output of zero, is not currently set).
- step S10 If no lower heating level is available (minus sign, "-”, in the drawing at step S10), this heating level remains and the process continues at step S1. If a lower heating level is available (plus sign, "+”, in the drawing), the heating level is reduced in a step S11. For this purpose, for example, the switching device 10 is instructed by the energy management system 40 (or it decides itself) to set a lower heating level, and then the corresponding heating level is set by the switching device 10 by switching the switches Ki, KN, Kia accordingly. The process then continues again at step S1.
- step S12 checks whether the actual temperature is less than a user-adjustable or predefined upper temperature threshold, which is greater than the target temperature. If this is the case (plus sign, "+”, in the drawing under step S12), step S13 checks again whether excess power is available, initially from renewable energy sources. If this is not the case (minus sign, "-", in the drawing), the process continues with step S9, as already explained.
- the method according to Fig. 20 thus makes it possible to use the heating of the medium F (e.g. in the fluid tank 50) to store thermal energy.
- step S5 a charge level of the battery 60 of the home system 100 above the threshold value can be used (step S5). It is understood that the person skilled in the art can adapt the method according to Fig. 20f in a variety of ways in order to supplement or omit in order to achieve a desired regulation or control. In particular, depending on the house system 100 and the current situation, the step S8 of increasing the heating level can alternatively be replaced or supplemented by a step of switching on at least one consumer 32, e.g. a heat pump.
- the step S11 of reducing the heating level can alternatively be replaced or supplemented by a step of switching off at least one consumer 32, e.g. a heat pump. Switching on or off can also be replaced by increasing or reducing energy consumption. From the above description it is clear how the step-by-step adjustability of the heating output of the heating device 20 by the switching device 10 according to the invention makes it possible to carry out complex control and regulation processes such as that in Fig. 20 in a cost-effective manner without great hardware expenditure, even with simple, already installed heating devices 20.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24752065.3A EP4754452A1 (de) | 2023-08-04 | 2024-08-02 | Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung |
| CN202480056074.9A CN121925531A (zh) | 2023-08-04 | 2024-08-02 | 开关装置、家庭系统以及用于操作加热设备的方法 |
| AU2024320996A AU2024320996A1 (en) | 2023-08-04 | 2024-08-02 | Switching device, household system and method for operating a heating apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23189830.5 | 2023-08-04 | ||
| EP23189830.5A EP4502488A1 (de) | 2023-08-04 | 2023-08-04 | Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025032017A1 true WO2025032017A1 (de) | 2025-02-13 |
Family
ID=87557600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/072078 Ceased WO2025032017A1 (de) | 2023-08-04 | 2024-08-02 | Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4502488A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121925531A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2024320996A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2025032017A1 (de) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1261256B (de) * | 1958-03-27 | 1968-02-15 | Stefan Kummer | Heizflansch fuer elektrisch beheizte Heisswasserbereitungsgeraete |
| DE2928391A1 (de) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-01-15 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Heizflansch fuer ein elektrisch beheiztes heisswassergeraet |
| DE3021557A1 (de) * | 1980-06-07 | 1982-01-14 | Cloer Caspar Gmbh & Co Kg | Elektrisches backgeraet fuer waffeln o.ae. backerzeugnisse |
| DE3631226A1 (de) * | 1986-09-13 | 1988-03-24 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg | Netzanschlussschaltung eines elektrischen warmwasserspeichers |
| DE19500522B4 (de) * | 1995-01-11 | 2004-03-25 | Eht Haustechnik Gmbh | Warmwasserbereiter mit drei elektrischen Heizelementen |
| US20060263073A1 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-11-23 | Jcs/Thg,Llp. | Multi-power multi-stage electric heater |
| EP2178337A1 (de) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-21 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Haushaltsgerät mit Heizsystem und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Heizenergie in einem Haushaltsgerät |
-
2023
- 2023-08-04 EP EP23189830.5A patent/EP4502488A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-08-02 EP EP24752065.3A patent/EP4754452A1/de active Pending
- 2024-08-02 CN CN202480056074.9A patent/CN121925531A/zh active Pending
- 2024-08-02 WO PCT/EP2024/072078 patent/WO2025032017A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-08-02 AU AU2024320996A patent/AU2024320996A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1261256B (de) * | 1958-03-27 | 1968-02-15 | Stefan Kummer | Heizflansch fuer elektrisch beheizte Heisswasserbereitungsgeraete |
| DE2928391A1 (de) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-01-15 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Heizflansch fuer ein elektrisch beheiztes heisswassergeraet |
| DE3021557A1 (de) * | 1980-06-07 | 1982-01-14 | Cloer Caspar Gmbh & Co Kg | Elektrisches backgeraet fuer waffeln o.ae. backerzeugnisse |
| DE3631226A1 (de) * | 1986-09-13 | 1988-03-24 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg | Netzanschlussschaltung eines elektrischen warmwasserspeichers |
| DE19500522B4 (de) * | 1995-01-11 | 2004-03-25 | Eht Haustechnik Gmbh | Warmwasserbereiter mit drei elektrischen Heizelementen |
| US20060263073A1 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-11-23 | Jcs/Thg,Llp. | Multi-power multi-stage electric heater |
| EP2178337A1 (de) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-21 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Haushaltsgerät mit Heizsystem und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Heizenergie in einem Haushaltsgerät |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4754452A1 (de) | 2026-06-10 |
| CN121925531A (zh) | 2026-04-24 |
| AU2024320996A1 (en) | 2026-03-12 |
| EP4502488A1 (de) | 2025-02-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2108101B1 (de) | Brennofen für zahnersatz oder zahnteilersatz | |
| DE112015003138T5 (de) | Spannungsregler für ein Energieverteilungssystem und Verfahren zum Steuern desselben | |
| DE102014209887A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Schalten eines Wechselrichters eines elektrischen Antriebs eines Kraftfahrzeugs und entsprechend schaltbarer Wechselrichter | |
| EP2868979A1 (de) | Gargerät sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Gargeräts | |
| DE102013216241A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Einspeisen elektrischer Leistung in ein Versorgungsnetz | |
| EP2512207B1 (de) | Treiberschaltung und Verfahren zum Versorgen einer LED sowie Leuchtmittel | |
| EP1178551A2 (de) | Verfahren zur Regelung eines Brennstoffzellensystems | |
| DE102014114768A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs | |
| EP2913734A2 (de) | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anlage mit zumindest einer Heizungssteuerungs- und/oder -regelungseinrichtung, Heizungssteuerungs- und/oder -regelungseinrichtung sowie Anlage | |
| EP4502488A1 (de) | Schaltvorrichtung, hausanlage, und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizeinrichtung | |
| DE2657784A1 (de) | Einrichtung zum abschalten einer phase einer mehrphasenversorgung | |
| DE102016009831A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Beheizen von Flächen im Innenraum eines Fahrzeugs | |
| DE102010043902A1 (de) | Einrichtung und Verfahren zum Schutz eines zum Laden von Elektrofahrzeugen dienenden Ladekabels | |
| DE69313286T2 (de) | Leistungsregler, zum beispiel dimmer fuer elektrische lampen | |
| EP2933895B2 (de) | Regelverfahren und System mit einem Wechselrichter, einer Gleichstromquelle und einer weiteren Gleichstromquelle oder einer Gleichstromsenke | |
| DE102005042560A1 (de) | PTC-Heizregister | |
| AT503582B1 (de) | Verfahren zum betreiben mehrerer durchlauferhitzer | |
| DE59508258C5 (de) | Elektrisches Heizgerät und Verfahren zu dessen Betreiben | |
| AT518712B1 (de) | Induktionsheizvorrichtung für ein Induktionskochfeld | |
| EP1067650A1 (de) | Steuereinrichtung zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie und Betriebsverfahren | |
| DE102014110892A1 (de) | Photovoltaikanlage und Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung einer Leistungsaufnahme eines Gleichstrom-Verbrauchers | |
| AT402990B (de) | Vorrichtung zum steuern der auslauftemperatur eines elektrischen durchlauferhitzers | |
| DE1538538A1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung fuer Abblendregler | |
| WO2024056700A1 (de) | Verfahren zum bestimmen eines ansteuersignals zur ansteuerung eines schalters eines aufwärtswandlers, energieversorgungssystem für ein fahrzeug und fahrzeug | |
| DE102024101893A1 (de) | Regulierung einer effektiven elektrischen Größe in Abhängigkeit eines bereitgestellten Wechselstromnetzes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 24752065 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202617010292 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 202617010292 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: AU2024320996 Country of ref document: AU |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2024752065 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2024320996 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20240802 Kind code of ref document: A |