WO2025036618A1 - Dead-tank-hochspannungs-leistungsschalter - Google Patents
Dead-tank-hochspannungs-leistungsschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025036618A1 WO2025036618A1 PCT/EP2024/069344 EP2024069344W WO2025036618A1 WO 2025036618 A1 WO2025036618 A1 WO 2025036618A1 EP 2024069344 W EP2024069344 W EP 2024069344W WO 2025036618 A1 WO2025036618 A1 WO 2025036618A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- switching path
- housing
- dead
- circuit breaker
- voltage circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
- H01H33/161—Variable impedances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
- H01H2033/146—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc using capacitors, e.g. for the voltage division over the different switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/008—Pedestal mounted switch gear combinations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
- H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle for interrupting DC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker, with at least one first switching path and with at least one control element, wherein the at least one control element comprises a varistor.
- a dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker with a switching gap and an arrester connected in parallel to the switching gap is known, for example, from US 2015/0364285 Al.
- a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker is designed, for example, to switch voltages in the range of up to 1200 kV and currents in the range of up to several thousand amperes.
- a switching path comprises, for example, at least one vacuum interrupter and/or at least one interrupter unit with a rated current and arcing contact.
- the switching paths are, for example, arranged in a metal housing, in particular designed and earthed as a tank, i.e. designed as a dead tank.
- the housing is, for example, cylindrical and sealed in a gas-tight manner. Elements of a kinematic chain are movably mounted in the housing, e.g.
- the drive is, for example, arranged or attached to the outside of the dead tank housing and comprises, for example, B. a gear that mechanically drives the switching paths simultaneously or at different times via a drive rod and e.g. a gear inside the dead tank housing.
- a drive is e.g. a motor and/or a spring-loaded drive. This allows the switching paths to be opened and/or closed, ie switched on and/or off.
- the dead tank housing is filled with insulating gas, in particular SF6 , CO2, and/or clean air, i.e. purified and dried air.
- the voltage In order to avoid overloading the individual switching paths or vacuum interrupters and/or interrupter units with rated current and arcing contact at high voltages, the voltage must be divided between the individual switching paths. For example, with two switching paths connected in series, a voltage division of 50% to 50% of the voltage between the two switching paths is good. To divide the voltage between the switching paths, control elements such as resistors and/or capacitors are used, which are connected in parallel to the switching paths.
- a stationary voltage ratio corresponding to the capacitance of the control capacitors is established when the switching paths are open, i.e. when the contacts of the vacuum interrupters and/or interrupter units with rated current and arcing contacts are open.
- the post-current from the switching path causes the voltage ratio specified by the control capacitors to be distorted. The distortion can lead to an overload of the individual switching paths. In extreme cases, this can lead to irreversible destruction of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker with higher reliability, durability and reduced susceptibility to faults, in which a distortion of the voltage distribution between switching paths or an overload of the switching paths is reduced or avoided.
- a dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker comprises at least one first switching path and at least one control element, wherein the at least one control element comprises a varistor. Furthermore, the dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker comprises at least one second switching path, wherein the at least one first switching path and the at least one second switching path are connected in series.
- a varistor is an electrical component or part whose electrical resistance depends on the applied electrical voltage. Above a certain threshold voltage, which is specific to the respective varistor, the differential resistance abruptly decreases. The polarity of current and voltage has no influence, i.e. there is no rectifying effect as with a diode.
- a varistor is therefore a voltage-dependent resistor, also known as a VDR or variable resistor.
- An example of a varistor is a metal oxide varistor.
- switching paths connected in series enable high voltages to be switched in a compact structure.
- Varistors as control elements on switching paths connected in series enable a distortion-free voltage distribution between the switching paths or at least a reduction in the distortion, which can prevent or at least reduce overloading of the switching paths. This makes it possible to have a dead-tank high-voltage circuit breaker with greater reliability, longer service life and reduced susceptibility to faults, which is designed to switch high voltages.
- distortion of the voltage distribution can be avoided with parallel to the vacuum interrupters.
- Control elements can be connected in parallel to at least one switching path, in particular in parallel to each switching path. If at least one control element is connected in parallel, such as at least one varistor to each switching path, in particular all residual currents can be compensated by the varistors. With advantageous wiring or interconnection of switching paths, it can also be sufficient to connect only one or more switching paths with parallel control elements, without connecting all switching paths with parallel control elements, in particular to achieve sufficient compensation of residual currents. This is possible in particular with unequal switching paths. This is associated with the previously described advantages for the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker, which comprises the switching paths.
- Resistors and capacitors may be included as control elements. Resistors and capacitors are well suited as electrical control elements for controlling voltages at switching paths, in particular vacuum interrupters, in dead-tank high-voltage circuit breakers.
- the at least one first and/or the at least one second switching path can comprise at least one vacuum interrupter and/or at least one interrupter unit with rated current and arc contact.
- Vacuum interrupters and interrupters Interrupter units with rated current and arc contacts are well suited as switching paths in dead-tank high-voltage circuit breakers in order to reliably switch the switch on or off, particularly at high voltages, i.e. to close or open the current path via the switching paths.
- the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker can be designed to switch voltages greater than and/or equal to 52 kV. Uneven voltage distributions across the switching paths, particularly due to residual currents, lead to greater problems at higher voltages than at lower voltages and can lead to damage or even irreversible destruction to dead tank high-voltage circuit breakers or the switching paths, particularly at voltages greater than or equal to 52 kV.
- the use of varistors as control elements is particularly advantageous at high voltages, e.g. equal to or greater than 52 kV, with the advantages described above.
- At least one varistor can be connected in parallel to each switching path. Particularly at high voltages and/or currents, individual varistors may not be sufficient to ensure adequate or complete compensation of, for example, residual currents or to ensure uniform voltage distribution. In order to achieve the advantages described above to a sufficient extent, at least one varistor can be connected in parallel to each switching path or may be necessary.
- At least one varistor can be connected in parallel to each switching path and at least one resistor and/or at least one capacitor can be connected in parallel to the respective switching path and to the at least one varistor connected in parallel.
- the at least one first switching path and the at least one second switching path and the control elements can be arranged in one housing.
- Such a structure of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker enables a simple series connection of several switching paths, compact, in particular with a parallel arrangement of control elements, such as varistors, in particular parallel to each switching path, with a cost-effective structure, electrically insulated from the ground or floor.
- control elements such as varistors, in particular parallel to each switching path
- the at least one first switching path and the at least one second switching path can be arranged in one housing and the control elements can be arranged in at least one further, in particular parallel, housing, in particular each control element in a separate housing or each control element in a separate housing with the exception of the resistors and capacitors of a respective switching path, which can each be arranged together in one housing.
- the at least one first switching path and the at least one second switching path can each be arranged in a housing and the control elements can be arranged in at least one further, in particular parallel, housing, in particular each control element in a separate housing or each control element in a separate housing with the exception of the resistors and capacitors of a respective Switching paths, which can each be arranged together in one housing.
- a structure with separate housings for the respective switching paths and separate housings for the control elements is less compact, but enables better electrical insulation of the switching paths from each other and of the control elements from the switching paths, without the risk of electrical arcing between control elements and switching paths. This results in greater reliability and durability, especially at high voltages.
- Figure 1 shows the principle of a dead tank according to the invention.
- High-voltage circuit breaker 1 in an oblique plan view and sectional view, and the
- Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to Figure 1, with switching paths and associated control elements as well as varistors in a common housing 10, and
- Figure 3 is a top view of the dead tank high-voltage
- Figure 4 is a side view of a second embodiment of a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to Figure 1 with switching paths and associated control elements as well as varistors each in a separate housing 10 to 15 and
- Figure 5 is a plan view of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 of Figure 4.
- FIGS 1 to 5 show dead tank high-voltage circuit breakers 1 according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows the principle of a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention in an oblique plan view in a sectional view.
- the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 comprises a first and a second switching path 2 and 3, which are connected in series.
- the switching paths 2 and 3 are arranged in a common tank as a housing 10, e.g. made of steel, aluminum and/or cast iron.
- the switching paths 2 and 3 are, for example, vacuum interrupters and/or interrupter units with rated current and arc contacts, and are spatially enclosed, for example, by a switching gas, e.g. SF 6 , CO2 and/or clean air, i.e. purified, dried air.
- a switching gas e.g. SF 6 , CO2 and/or clean air, i.e. purified, dried air.
- the switching paths 2 and 3 are arranged with their longitudinal axes on a common axis, vertical to a longitudinal axis of a support 18.
- the support 18 and the switching paths 2 and 3 form a T-shape.
- Other shapes of supports 18 are also possible, e.g. support frames with support elements in the form of support beams, screwed and/or welded and/or with an extension which essentially corresponds to the extension of the housing 10.
- a drive 9 is arranged on the support 18, for example.
- the switching paths 2 and 3 are driven during switching via the drive 9 and elements of a kinematic chain, such as a gear 17 and at least one switching rod 16, arranged in particular in the housing 10.
- the switching paths 2 and 3 can be switched simultaneously or at different times, ie they can be switched on and/or off or closed and/or interrupted.
- the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 is thus designed, e.g. B. High voltage lines, electrical equipment such as generators and/or electrical to switch electrical consumers on or off, particularly in an electrical power grid.
- Control elements 4, such as varistors 5, capacitors 7 and/or resistors 6, are arranged and connected in parallel to the switching paths 2 and 3.
- the control elements comprise varistors 5, with at least one varistor 5 being connected in parallel to each switching path 2, 3.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of at least one varistor 5 to a switching path 2, 3, as well as a capacitor 7 and a resistor 6 connected in series and connected in parallel to an associated switching path 2, 3 with a parallel varistor 5.
- the switching paths 2, 3 are fastened in the housing 10, for example, via brackets and can be electrically contacted to the outside via bushings 8 with connections 19.
- the housing 10 can be designed as a module and, instead of bushings, additional modules can be connected or arranged, which is not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity.
- Figure 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown in accordance with Figure 1, with switching paths and associated control elements as well as varistors arranged in a common housing 10, which are not shown in Figure 2 for the sake of simplicity.
- a schematic diagram is shown in a sectional view along the vertical longitudinal axis of the carrier 18.
- a gear 17 is arranged between the carrier 18 and the housing 10, in particular the dead tank housing 10.
- the carrier 18 is, for example, a metal frame.
- a drive rod or switching rod 16 is arranged in the housing 10 as an element of the kinematic chain, which transmits the movement from the drive 9 during switching, for example via gear elements 17, which are not shown in detail for the sake of simplicity and are, for example, on the catch and/or end of the shift rod 16, to the first and second switching paths 2, 3.
- the shape of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 thus results in a T-shape in the embodiments shown in the figures.
- Other shapes of carriers 18 are also possible, as previously described, e.g. flat or U-shaped carriers 18, which are not shown in the figures for simplicity.
- Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 of Figure 2 in a top view as a section, with the interconnection of the switching paths 2, 3 and control elements 4.
- a first and a second switching path 2, 3 are connected in series, with a varistor 5 connected in parallel to each switching path 2, 3, and with a series-connected capacitor 7 and electrical resistor 6 connected in parallel to each switching path 2, 3.
- Other numbers of switching paths 2, 3 and control elements 4, in particular without capacitors and/or resistors, and interconnections are also possible.
- the control elements 4 distribute the voltage across the switching paths 2, 3, which, for example, corresponds to an ideal 50:50 distribution if the values of the capacitors and resistors used are the same.
- Figure 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of a dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to Figure 1, with switching paths 2, 3 and associated control elements 4 as well as varistors 5, each arranged in its own housing 10 to 15.
- a basic representation is shown in sectional view, analogous to Figure 2, along the vertical longitudinal axis of the carrier 18.
- a gear 17 is arranged between the carrier 18 and the housing 10, in particular the dead tank housing 10.
- the carrier 18 is, for example, a metal frame.
- a drive rod or switching rod 16 Arranged in the housing 10 is a drive rod or switching rod 16 as an element of the kinematic chain, which transmits the movement from the drive 9 during switching, for example via gear elements 17, which are not shown in detail for the sake of simplicity and, for example, arranged at the beginning and/or end of the shift rod 16, to the first and second switching paths 2, 3.
- the housing 10, 11 of the switching paths 2, 3 is arranged on the carrier 18, with the intermediate gear 17 in the embodiment of Figure 4, whereby the housing 11 of the switching path 3 is shown in Figure 5 as a top view and is covered by the housing 10 of the switching path 2 in Figure 4.
- the housings 12, 13 of the varistors 5 are arranged in particular with the longitudinal axes parallel to the switching path housings 10, 11, wherein the housing 13 of the varistor 5 of the second switching path 3 is shown in Figure 5 as a top view, and in Figure 4 is covered by the housing 12 of the varistor 5 of the first switching path 2.
- the housings 10 to 15 are, for example, designed as cylindrical tanks, in particular made of metal, or the housings 10 and 11 are designed as cylindrical tanks, in particular made of metal, and the housings 12 to 15 are designed as cylindrical hollow insulators with a horizontal longitudinal axis.
- the housings 10 and 11, and/or 12 and 13, and/or 14 and 15 can also be designed as one housing, as shown in Figure 3.
- the shape of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 results in a T-shape in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 5.
- Other shapes e.g. an inverted L or gallows shape or previously described shapes, are also possible.
- Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 of Figure 4 in plan view, with the connection of the switching paths 2, 3 and control elements 4.
- a first and a second switching path 2, 3 are connected in series, with a varistor 5 connected in parallel to each switching path 2, 3, and with a capacitor 7 connected in series. and electrical resistance 6 are connected in parallel to each switching path 2, 3.
- Other numbers of switching paths 2, 3 and control elements 4, in particular without capacitors and/or resistors, and interconnections are also possible.
- the control elements 4 distribute the voltage across the switching paths 2, 3, which corresponds to an essentially ideal 50:50 distribution, for example if the values of the capacitors 7 and resistors 6 used are the same.
- housings 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 can have a hollow cylindrical shape or other shapes, such as rectangular, in particular hollow shapes.
- the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 is designed, for example, to switch voltages of up to 52 kV and higher.
- the housings 10 to 15 can be filled with insulating gas and/or switching gas, i.e. the switching paths 1, 2 and control elements 4 can be spatially surrounded by insulating gas or switching gas.
- the dead tank high-voltage circuit breaker 1 can have a T-shape, or other shapes such as a gallows shape or other shapes, in particular those described above, and/or shapes that are known from the prior art.
- the carrier 18 can also be designed in several parts, e.g. a carrier part at each end of a tank 10. Two or more switching paths with associated control elements can be provided in the dead tank. High-voltage circuit breaker 1.
- the control elements 4 can be arranged in the housing of the switching paths and/or have their own housing, or be combined in groups in housings, e.g. the resistors and capacitors of a switching path and/or the varistors of a switching path in one housing. Other shapes and divisions into housings are also possible.
- Resistors 6 and/or capacitors 7 can be connected in series, and/or resistors 6 and/or capacitors 7 can be connected in parallel to one another. Other interconnections, in particular with other electrical elements, are also possible.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480052097.2A CN121693792A (zh) | 2023-08-11 | 2024-07-09 | 外壳接地高压断路器 |
| EP24740894.1A EP4732319A1 (de) | 2023-08-11 | 2024-07-09 | Dead-tank-hochspannungs-leistungsschalter |
| MX2026001585A MX2026001585A (es) | 2023-08-11 | 2026-02-09 | Disyuntor de alto voltaje con recipiente amortiguador |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023207755.8 | 2023-08-11 | ||
| DE102023207755.8A DE102023207755A1 (de) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Dead-Tank-Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025036618A1 true WO2025036618A1 (de) | 2025-02-20 |
Family
ID=91899196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/069344 Pending WO2025036618A1 (de) | 2023-08-11 | 2024-07-09 | Dead-tank-hochspannungs-leistungsschalter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4732319A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121693792A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023207755A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2026001585A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2025036618A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5124872A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1992-06-23 | Gec Alsthom Sa | High tension circuit breaker having varistors |
| US20150364285A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Abb Technology Ag | Dead Tank Circuit Breaker With Surge Arrester Connected Across The Bushing Tops Of Each Pole |
| DE102018214493A1 (de) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Mittel- oder Hochspannungs-Schalter und dessen Verwendung |
| DE102018216725A1 (de) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät und Verfahren zum Schalten von Hochspannungen |
| CA3049087C (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2021-08-17 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Circuit breaker system with an internal voltage limiter |
-
2023
- 2023-08-11 DE DE102023207755.8A patent/DE102023207755A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-07-09 WO PCT/EP2024/069344 patent/WO2025036618A1/de active Pending
- 2024-07-09 CN CN202480052097.2A patent/CN121693792A/zh active Pending
- 2024-07-09 EP EP24740894.1A patent/EP4732319A1/de active Pending
-
2026
- 2026-02-09 MX MX2026001585A patent/MX2026001585A/es unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5124872A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1992-06-23 | Gec Alsthom Sa | High tension circuit breaker having varistors |
| US20150364285A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Abb Technology Ag | Dead Tank Circuit Breaker With Surge Arrester Connected Across The Bushing Tops Of Each Pole |
| CA3049087C (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2021-08-17 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Circuit breaker system with an internal voltage limiter |
| DE102018214493A1 (de) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Mittel- oder Hochspannungs-Schalter und dessen Verwendung |
| DE102018216725A1 (de) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät und Verfahren zum Schalten von Hochspannungen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2026001585A (es) | 2026-03-02 |
| EP4732319A1 (de) | 2026-04-29 |
| CN121693792A (zh) | 2026-03-17 |
| DE102023207755A1 (de) | 2025-02-13 |
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