WO2025074156A2 - Système de ventilation thermique pour surfaces intérieures de véhicule - Google Patents

Système de ventilation thermique pour surfaces intérieures de véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025074156A2
WO2025074156A2 PCT/IB2024/000552 IB2024000552W WO2025074156A2 WO 2025074156 A2 WO2025074156 A2 WO 2025074156A2 IB 2024000552 W IB2024000552 W IB 2024000552W WO 2025074156 A2 WO2025074156 A2 WO 2025074156A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
ventilation system
distribution device
thermal ventilation
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/IB2024/000552
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2025074156A3 (fr
Inventor
Ajay MURGOD
Ayush GARG
Devang MARVANIA
Vikrant VARANDANI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gentherm GmbH
Original Assignee
Gentherm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gentherm GmbH filed Critical Gentherm GmbH
Publication of WO2025074156A2 publication Critical patent/WO2025074156A2/fr
Publication of WO2025074156A3 publication Critical patent/WO2025074156A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2227—Electric heaters incorporated in vehicle trim components, e.g. panels or linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00295—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for trim components, e.g. panels, dashboards, liners
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/003—Component temperature regulation using an air flow

Definitions

  • Some vehicles include one or more systems for improving occupant comfort.
  • some vehicles include one or more thermal systems to provide heating and/or cooling functions to an occupant or passenger of the vehicle.
  • Some vehicles include one or more radiant heating panels in the interior region of the vehicle. While such panels can introduce an elevated surface temperature within the interior surface or feature of the vehicle, an interior surface with a high surface temperature can pose a potential hazard to an occupant or passenger of the vehicle because it can potentially cause thermal incidents by exposing the occupant's skin to high temperatures.
  • the teachings herein provide a thermal ventilation system for an interior surface or panel of a vehicle.
  • the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings advantageously circumvents a direct heating of an interior surface, which can be safety hazard to one or more occupants of the vehicle. Instead, in the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings, thermal energy is conveyed from or across the interior surface or trim panel in the form of heated air.
  • the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings mitigates the potential hazards associated with excessive surface heating that may occur with radiant heating panels.
  • the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings advantageously provides localized heating or cooling effects upon the surfaces like door panels, kick panels, headrests, center console panels, armrests, headliners etc.
  • thermal ventilation system for providing a conditioned air flow from behind or across an A-surface or panel in an interior of a vehicle
  • the thermal ventilation system includes an air distribution device.
  • the air distribution device comprises a top layer; a bottom layer; a cavity or air chamber defined in between the top layer and the bottom layer; a heating layer in the cavity or air chamber; and a spacer layer in the cavity or air chamber.
  • the air distribution device comprises one or more air inlets through which an air flow is introduced into the cavity or air chamber of the air distribution device, the heating layer is configured to generate heat to condition the air flow inside of the cavity or air chamber, the conditioned air flow is at least temporarily stored in the cavity or air chamber of the air distribution device and then the conditioned air flow is exhausted from within the cavity or air chamber through one or more openings or outlets in the air distribution device from behind or across the A-surface or panel in the interior of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is side view of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal ventilation system installed in an interior feature of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a vehicle 10.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a passenger area or interior region 12.
  • the interior region 12 may comprise one or more interior features 13 that may include: one or more vehicle seats 14, a steering wheel 16, a dashboard 18, a headliner 20, a center console 22, one or more footwells 24, one or more door panels 26, or a combination thereof.
  • One or more of the interior features 13 may be or may include one or more interior surface sor panels 28 (FIG. 2 et al.)
  • the interior surface or panel 28 may also be referred to as an “A-surface.”
  • the interior surface or panel 28 may be one or more surfaces that an occupant of the vehicle may contact and/or may see.
  • One or more of the interior features 13 may include a thermal ventilation system 100 (See FIG. 2 et al.).
  • An interior surface of panel 28 may at least partially cover or overlay the thermal ventilation system 100.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may be configured for providing a conditioned air flow from behind or from a back or 13- side of an interior surface or panel 28 to the front or A-side of the interior surface or panel 28. Additionally or alternatively, the thermal ventilation system 100 may be configured for providing a conditioned air flow across an A-surface or B-surface of an interior surface or panel 28 in the interior region of the vehicle.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may comprise an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 may be an at least partially enclosed structure, such as a bag or box structure.
  • the air distribution device 102 may comprise a top layer or surface 104 and an opposing bottom layer or surface 106 that is joined to the top layer or surface 104 at a fold or seal 108.
  • a cavity, open space, or air chamber 120 may be defined between the top and bottom layers 104, 106.
  • the air distribution device 102 may comprise a layer or surface that is folded over itself and then has sone or more mating or opposing surfaces that are joined together at a seal 108.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 or the air distribution system 102 may include one or more heating layers or heating devices 110 located within the cavity, open space, or air chamber 120 and/or arranged or defined between the top and bottom layers or surfaces 104, 106 of the air distribution device 102. Additionally or alternatively, the thermal ventilation system 100 or the air distribution system 102 may include one or more one or more spacer layers 112 located within the cavity, open space, or air chamber 120 and/or arranged or defined between the top and bottom layers or surfaces 104, 106 of the air distribution device 102.
  • the heating layer 110 is located below or under the spacer layer 112, which is located below the top layer 104.
  • the top layer or surface 104 may include one or more air flow openings or outlets 114.
  • the interior surface or panel 28 of the one or more interior features of the vehicle (FIG. 1) may be located above or cover the top layer 104 of the thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 or the air distribution device may include one or more air inlets 118 through which an air flow may be introduced into the cavity or air chamber 120 of the air distribution device 102.
  • the air flow may be supplied into the cavity or air chamber 120 of the air distribution device 102 via the one or more fans or air movers 116.
  • the air flow may be introduced into the air distribution device 102 through one or more ducts or hoses 117 that connect the air mover 116 to the air distribution device 102.
  • the one or more ducts or hoses 117 that connect the one or more air movers 116 to the cavity or air chamber 120 may be free of heating and/or cooling devices for heating and/or cooling the air flow generated by the one or more air movers as the air flow is directed into the cavity of the air distribution device.
  • the one or more air movers may be partially or entirely located within the cavity or air chamber.
  • a duct or hose may be located within the cavity or air chamber 120.
  • one or more ducts or hoses 117 that connect the one or more air movers 116 to the cavity or air chamber 120 may include one or more heating and/or cooling devices for heating, cooling, pre-heating, pre-cooling, etc. the air flow generated by the one or more air movers as the air flow is directed into the cavity of the air distribution device.
  • the heating layer or device 110 may be configured to generate heat.
  • the fan or air mover 116 may direct an air flow into the cavity or air chamber 120 of the air distribution device 102.
  • the air flow may pass over, through, and/or near the one or more heating layers 110.
  • the heat generated by the one or more heating layers 110 may condition the air flow by increasing a temperature of the air flow inside of the air distribution device 102.
  • the conditioned air flow or the air flow with the increased temperature may be at least temporarily stored or staged in the air chamber 120 inside of the air distribution device 102 before the conditioned air flow is exhausted or expelled from the air distribution device 102 through the one or more air flow openings or outlets 114 in the top layer or surface 104 of the air distribution device 102.
  • the cavity or air chamber 120 may be a region of the thermal ventilation system 100 and/or air distribution device 102 located or between the top and bottom layers 104, 106.
  • the air chamber 120 may be defined or located within the spacer layer 112, between the top layer 104 and the spacer layer 112, between the heating layer 1 10 and the spacer layer 112, between the heating layer 110 and the top layer 104, or a combination thereof.
  • ambient or cold air is not immediately directed to the occupant especially at startup, which may occur when the air flow is not sufficiently conditioned (e.g., heated) by the heating layer 110 for a sufficient amount of time.
  • a total area of the one or more air flow openings or outlets 114 may be smaller than a total area of the of the one or more air inlets 118 connecting the air mover 116 to the air distribution device 102. This difference in area may help contribute to an air storage effect within the bag structure 102 because there is a greater or larger amount of air flow provided into the bag structure 102 compared to the amount of air flow expelled or exhausted from the bag structure 102 via the one or more air flow outlets or openings 114.
  • the air flow with the increased temperature may then pass through or around the interior surface or panel 28 of the one or more interior features 13 and/or through one or more openings 30 formed in the interior surface 28.
  • the warm air flow expelled through or around the interior surface 28 may be directed towards an occupant of the vehicle 10.
  • the interior surface or panel 28 may be at least partially air permeable and/or may include one or more openings 30 for allowing the conditioned airflow to pass through.
  • the air flow may be supplied into the bag structure 102 via the one or more air movers 116 without the heating layer or device 110 generating heat.
  • the air flow may enter the cavity or air chamber 120 of the bag structure 102 and then be expelled through the one or more openings 114 in the top layer 104, then through or around the interior surface or panel 28, towards an occupant of the vehicle 10.
  • This operating configuration may help remove or dissipate heat on the surface or panel 28 of the interior feature 13, which may thus help cool the interior 12 of the vehicle 10.
  • the non-heated air flow from the air mover 116 may be directed towards the occupant, which may be at a lower temperature than the ambient temperature inside 12 of the vehicle 10 to provide a comfort or cooling sensation.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may include one or more cooling layers or cooling devices that may be configured to generate cooling.
  • the fan or air mover 116 may direct an air flow into the air distribution device 102. The air flow may pass over, through, and/or near the cooling layer or device, which may cause a temperature of the air flow to decrease.
  • the air flow with the reduced temperature may be at least temporarily stored or staged in an air chamber 120 of the bag structure 102 before the air flow with the reduced temperature is exhausted or expelled from the air distribution device 102 via the one or more openings 114 in the top layer or surface 104.
  • the cooling layer or device may be provided in place of the heating layer 110 or in addition to the heating layer 110.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 comprises an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 of FIG. 3 may include many of the same structural and/or functional features described at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein; therefore, many of the redundant features and operation are omitted for the sake of brevity but are understood to apply to this description of FIG. 3.
  • the heating layer 110 is located above the spacer layer 112, which is located below the top layer 104.
  • the air chamber 120 may be provided in the heating layer or device 110, the spacer layer 112, the top layer 104, and/or in a region there between.
  • the air inlet 118 for connecting to the air mover is provided at the bottom layer 106.
  • the air opening or inlet 118 is not aligned with the one more air openings or outlets 114. This non-alignment may require the air flow to travel through the air distribution device 102 thereby increasing the time the air flow is conditioned in the air distribution device 102. This may also contribute to the air storage effect inside of the air chamber 120.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 comprises an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 of FIG. 4 may include many of the same structural and/or functional features described at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein; therefore, many of the redundant features and operation are omitted for the sake of brevity but are understood to apply to this description of FIG. 4.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 includes one or more spacers or standoffs 122 between the spacer layer 112 and the top layer or surface 104. The region between the spacer layer 112 and top layer 104 may serve the air chamber 120.
  • the one or more spacers or standoffs 122 may be excess material of the spacer layer 112, the heating layer 1 10 extending through the spacer layer 112, the top layer 104, or any combination thereof.
  • the spacer or standoff 122 may be one of the fasteners disclosed herein, which may also function to connect or maintain a connection or alignment of the layers inside of the air distribution device 102.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 comprises an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 of FIG. 5 may include many of the same structural and/or functional features described at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein; therefore, many of the redundant features and operation are omitted for the sake of brevity but are understood to apply to this description of FIG. 5.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 includes a second heating layer or device 110 such that the spacer layer 112 is located in between the heating layer 110 and the second heating layer 110. Such a configuration may provide for additional heating of the air flow provided into the bag structure 102.
  • the two heating layers or devices 110 may be controlled individually. Advantageously, this may allow for the air flow to be heated faster and/or to a higher temperature, based on occupant preferences. Alternatively, the two heating layers or devices 110 may be controlled together (both ON or both OFF).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 comprises an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 of FIG. 6 may include many of the same structural and/or functional features described at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein; therefore, many of the redundant features and operation are omitted for the sake of brevity but are understood to apply to this description of FIG. 6.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 includes additional heating layer or devices 110’ at the lateral sides of the spacer layer 112.
  • the spacer layer 112 may be surrounded by or enveloped within or between the heating layers or devices 110, 110’.
  • the heating layer or devices 110, 110’ may be a single layer or structure that surrounds the spacer layer 112, or the heating layer or devices 110, 110’ may be two or more layers or devices.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may only include one or both of the lateral heating layers or devices 110’.
  • the one or more lateral heating layers or devices 1 10’ may be part of the first heating layer and/or the second heating layer or device.
  • the one or more lateral heating devices or layers may provide for the spacer layer to be enveloped within or by the one or more heating device. This means that some or all of the edges and/or surfaces are covered by a heating layer or device.
  • a heating layer may be a substantially planar device configured to generate heat.
  • a cooling layer may be a substantially planar device configured to generate cooling.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may include one or more cooling layers or devices or the one or more of the heating layers or devices 110, 110’ may be or may include a cooling layer or devices. Therefore, any reference to a heating device or layer may be replaced with a cooling layer or device without departing from the spirit or scope of these teachings.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 comprises an air distribution device 102.
  • the air distribution device 102 of FIG. 7 may include many of the same structural and/or functional features described at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein; therefore, many of the redundant features and operation are omitted for the sake of brevity but are understood to apply to this description of FIG. 7.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 includes additional layers or surfaces including a top protective layer 122 provided over or on top of the top layer or surface 104.
  • the top protective layer 122 may be a porous material to allow the air flow to pass therethrough after is expelled through the openings 112.
  • the top protective layer 122 may include one or more openings 128 and/or 128’.
  • the openings may be aligned with the openings 112 in the top layer or surface 104 (i.e., opening 128), or the openings may be offset from the openings 112 in the top layer or surface 104 (i.e., opening 128’).
  • the openings 128, 128’ may be the same size and/or have the same total area as the openings 112.
  • the openings 128 may have a reduced or lower total area than the openings 112 in the top layer or surface 104, which may further contribute to the air storage effect discussed above at FIG. 2 and elsewhere herein.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may also include one or more fasteners or layers 126, which may be a tape for example, to attach the thermal ventilation system 100 to the back or B-side of the interior surface 28.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a thermal ventilation system 100.
  • the thermal ventilation system 100 may be or include any of the structural and/or functional features herein.
  • the vehicle interior feature 13 may include a recess or cavity 32 having an opening space 34 into which the thermal ventilation system 100 or the air distribution device 102 may be received.
  • the interior surface or panel 28 may then be attached to the interior feature 13 and extend across the top surface or layer of the thermal ventilation system 100 or the air distribution device 102 and cavity 32.
  • the interior surface 28 may be connected to the recess or cavity 32 and/or to the thermal ventilation system 100 via one or more fasteners 36.
  • the air mover 116 may be located inside or outside of the cavity 32.
  • the air mover 116 may be secured or attached to a wall of the cavity or framing of the interior feature 13 via one or more fasteners.
  • a vehicle may be any construction intended to support, carry, or transport one or more passengers.
  • a vehicle may include a passenger or commercial vehicle such as car, truck, SUV, boat, airplane, train, all-terrain vehicle (ATV), utility terrain vehicle (UTV), the like or a combination thereof.
  • ATV all-terrain vehicle
  • UUV utility terrain vehicle
  • the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings may find use in non-vehicular applications, such as office chairs, couches, beds, mattresses, rooms, kitchens, or a combination thereof.
  • An interior feature may be a surface, structure, and/or component of the vehicle.
  • the interior feature may be located in the passenger area of the vehicle (e.g., an area of the vehicle where one or more occupants or passengers may be located).
  • An interior area may be located in a trunk or storage area of the vehicle.
  • An interior feature may be or may include: one or more vehicle seats, one or more headrests, one or more arm rests, a steering wheel, a dashboard, a headliner, a center console, a console panel, one or more footwells, one or more doors or door panels, one or more floorboards, one or more floor mats, one or more cupholders, or any combination thereof.
  • An interior feature may not be a vehicle seat or other support surface on which a user or operator is seated in or against.
  • An interior feature may include one or more interior surfaces or panels.
  • An interior surface or panel may have or may be an “A-surface.”
  • the A-surface or panel may be or have a cloth or leather material, or the A-surface or panel may be a rigid material having one or more openings through which the conditioned air flow can pass from the heating apparatus towards an occupant of the vehicle.
  • An interior surface may be one or more surfaces that an occupant of the vehicle may contact and/or see when inside or outside of the vehicle.
  • An interior surface may be made of any suitable material found in an interior of a vehicle.
  • the interior surface may be made of an at least partially porous material, such as a cloth, foam, upholstery, or leather.
  • An interior surface may be made of a substantially non-porous material such as polypropylene or nylon.
  • An interior surface may include one or more openings, perforations, and/or vents through which the air flow may be exhausted from the thermal ventilation into the interior of the vehicle and/or towards the occupant.
  • the thermal ventilation system may function to provide an air flow into an interior region of a vehicle.
  • the air flow may be conditioned. Conditioned may mean that the air flow temperature has been changed or modified (e.g., temperature increased or decreased) relative to an ambient temperature of the air flow that is expelled from the one or more air movers.
  • the thermal ventilation system may complement or may replace other known heating and or cooling devices found in the interior of a vehicle.
  • some vehicles include radiant heating panels that radiate heat towards the interior of the vehicle and or towards the occupant.
  • a deficiency with radiant panels is that an occupant may be required to be substantially close to the heating panel to feel the warmth radiating from the heating panel.
  • Another deficiency with radiant panels is that an occupant or passenger may burn themselves if they contact a radiant heating panel.
  • warm and or cold air may be expelled from the panel which may be directed towards an occupant. The occupant may feel the warm and or cold air from the panel without requiring the occupant to be substantially close to the panel itself.
  • Another advantage of the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings is that an ambient temperature of air maybe expelled through the panel which may provide additional cooling or comfort effects without requiring a heating panel to be activated, fn radiant panels however, such cooling or ambient opportunities do not exist.
  • the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings may be individually controlled. In other configurations the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings may be tied into the vehicle HVAC system and work in parallel or at the same time as the heating and cooling functions of the vehicle.
  • the heating layer, the cooling layer, the one or more air movers may be controlled by a controller associated with the vehicle, the thermal ventilation system, or both.
  • the controller may include a timer, a thermostat, a processor, a power source, a memory, lookup table, algorithm, etc. Air mover run time, temperature of the heating and/or cooling layers, air mover fan speed, etc. may be controlled by the controller.
  • the thermal ventilation system comprises one or more air distribution devices.
  • An air distribution device may be a bag or box structure which may be an enclosed structure into which an air flow may be provided by one or more air movers.
  • the air distribution device may function to receive an air flow from the one or more air movers.
  • the air distribution device may function to store the air flow at least temporarily.
  • the air distribution device may function to condition the air flow (e.g., raise or lower a temperature of the air flow).
  • the air distribution device may function to distribute the air flow.
  • the air distribution device may function to spread the air flow across a greater region than the region in which the air flow is received into the air distribution device.
  • the air distribution device may at least partially or temporarily maintain the air flow inside the air distribution device while the air flow is being conditioned by the heating layer or device or the cooling layer or device. Before, during, or after the air flow has been conditioned the air flow may be at least temporarily stored in the air distribution device. In other configurations, the air flow may be directed into and out of the air distribution device without storing the air flow. The air flow may be expelled from the thermal ventilation system, through or around the interior feature or panel, and into the interior region of the vehicle and or towards the passenger.
  • the air distribution device may be at least partially or entirely hermetically sealed except for any openings into and out of the box or bag structure.
  • the air distribution device is sealed or closed off in all regions except for the inlet and outlet areas of the air distribution device. This may help improve efficiency with heating and or cooling the air flow provided into the air distribution device.
  • the sides and or bottom of the air distribution device may be open or at least partially exposed so that some air may leak out of the air distribution device.
  • the air distribution device may be made of one or more layers or materials.
  • the air distribution device may be made of one or more layers or materials.
  • the one or more layers or materials of the air distribution device may be at least partially flexible which may allow the air distribution device or thermal ventilation system to conform to a multitude of interior features, interior surfaces, and/or the vehicle environment.
  • the air distribution device may be made from one or more layers or materials that are rigid and would prevent any type of deformation or conformation.
  • the air distribution device may be made of a single layer or material that is folded over itself and sealed. In other configurations the air distribution device may be made of two or more materials that are sealed at their edges or peripheries via one or more fasteners or fastening methods.
  • the layers of the air distribution device may be permeable or not permeable.
  • the layers of the air distribution device may be made of a plastic or polypropylene material. This may help ensure that the air flow provided into the bag structure is retained within the bag structure and is only expelled through the one or more dedicated and intended openings in the bag structure.
  • the top layer, the bottom layer, or both may be constructed of a generally flexible, sheet-like material.
  • the top layer, the bottom layer, or both may be constructed of a generally flexible, sheet-like material that is substantially non-permeable.
  • the top layer, the bottom layer, or both may be made of a plastic or polyurethane material.
  • the air distribution device may include one or more air inlet openings (i.e., openings or vents through which the air flow enters the bag structure).
  • the one or more air inlets may be located or defined in the bottom layer, the top layer, one or more sides between the top and bottom layers, or a combination thereof.
  • the air distribution system may include one or more air flow outlet openings (i.e., openings or vents through which the air flow exits the bag structure).
  • the one or more air outlets may be located or defined in the bottom layer, the top layer, one or more sides between the top and bottom layers, or a combination thereof.
  • the total area of the one or more inlet openings may be the same as the total area of their one or more air flow outlet openings.
  • the size of the one or more inlet openings may match or substantially match the size of the one or more air flow outlet openings.
  • the total area of the one or more inlet openings may be different than the total area of the one or more outlet openings.
  • the size of the one or more air flow inlet openings may be greater than or less than the size of the one or more air flow outlet openings.
  • the total area or size of the one or more air inlet openings may be greater than the total area or size of the one or more air outlet openings.
  • the total area or size of the one or more air inlet openings may be lx greater, 1.5x greater, 2x greater, 3x greater, 4x greater, 5x greater, etc. than the total area or size of the one or more air outlet openings.
  • a size and or shape of the air inlets may be the same or maybe different.
  • all of the air inlets may have the same shape or the air inlets may have a different shape.
  • some air inlets may have a circular shape, and oval shape, a slotted shape, or any combination thereof similarly a size and or shape of the air outlets may be the same or may be different.
  • all of the air outlets may have the same shape or the air outlets may have a different shape.
  • some air outlets may have a circular shape, an Oval shape, a slotted shape, or any combination thereof.
  • the sizes may be different to direct more air flow or less air flow out of the bag structure in certain regions. This may be advantageous to control the amount and direction of where the air flow is expelled from.
  • the air distribution device may include one or more air chambers.
  • An air flow may be stored in one or more air chambers.
  • An air chamber may be one or more areas or regions inside the air distribution device (between the top and bottom layers) where air or air flow from the one or more air movers is at least temporarily stored or staged.
  • This may advantageously provide the airflow with more time to be conditioned (i.e., more time to raise or lower a temperature of the air flow) before the air flow is expelled from within the bag or box structure of the air distribution device towards the occupant.
  • this helps ensure that the temperature of the air flow expelled from the air distribution device may be at a suitably warm or cold temperature.
  • this helps ensure that cold air is not expelled from the air distribution device towards an occupant during startup in the cold winter months.
  • the one or more air chambers may be located at any region inside the air distribution structure or even between the bag structure and the interior surface.
  • Their chamber may be located between one or more heating layers and the spacer layer, within the spacer layer, within a heating layer, within an upper layer of the bag system between the upper layer and one or more productive layers, within one or more protective layers, between one or more outer layers and an interior surface of the interior surface or panel, or any combination thereof.
  • An air chamber may be formed by restricting or choking off air flow or inhibiting or interfering with its flow out of the bag structure.
  • an air chamber may be formed by providing air outlets having a smaller size or area than the air inlet through which the air is supplied into the bag structure.
  • the air chamber may also be formed by having air outlets that are not aligned or are offset from the one or more air inlets.
  • the air flow may be introduced into the air distribution device via the one or more air inlets from a direction that is not aligned or is offset from the one or more air outlets.
  • the total area of the air inlets in the air outlets may be sufficiently the same however one or more obstructions within the bag structure may provide for the air to be interfered with and therefore remain inside the bag structure for a slightly longer time before being expelled from the bag structure.
  • the thermal ventilation system and/or the air distribution device may include one or more heating layers or devices.
  • a heating layer or device may be a device that is configured to generate heat.
  • the heating layer or device may be a device that is configured to generate heat in response to the layer or device being supplied with electrical power.
  • the heating layer or device may be a layer inside of the bag structure.
  • the heating layer or device may be located in a region between an outlet of the air mover and the one or more air inlets into the bag structure.
  • the heating layer may be located on one side or both sides of the spacer layer.
  • the heating layer may partially or entirely surround the spacer layer.
  • the heating layer may be a high-power heating layer having a power density of the heating mat is between about 1500-2000 w/m A 2.
  • the power of the heating layer may be on the order of between about 1000 Watts and 2500 Watts and an output of approximately 40 degrees Celsius or more.
  • the heating layer may have a resistance on the order of about 1-3 Ohms.
  • the heating layer or device may be part of the vehicle HVAC system.
  • the heating layer or device may be located inside of the bag structure, above and/or blow the spacer layer.
  • the heating layer or device may at least partially or entirely surround the spacer layer.
  • the heating layer may be or may include a wire or conductor heater, a carbon fiber heater, or the like, which are typically supported with a backing (e.g., a cloth, fleece or fabric type backing material).
  • the heating layer may be a carbon fiber type heater with a backing (e.g., a non-woven layer).
  • the heating layer or device may be of the type and/or may include teachings that are at least partially, or entirely, disclosed in any of the following US Patent Nos. 10,201,039; 7,560,670; 7,285,748; 7,223,948; 6,064,037; 6,838,647; 6,710,303; 6,150,642; 5,451,747; 4,931,627; 4,777,351; U.S.
  • the heating layer or device may be or more include one or more PTC heaters.
  • One or more of the a PTC heater may be between an outlet of the air mover and the one or more inlets of the air distribution device, the PTC heater may located within the interior of the air distribution device, or both.
  • the thermal ventilation system and/or the air distribution system may comprise one or more cooling layers or devices.
  • a cooling layer or device may be a device that is configured to generate cooling.
  • the cooling layer or device may be a device that is configured to generate cooling in response to the layer or device being supplied with electrical power.
  • the cooling layer or device may be a layer inside of the bag structure.
  • the cooling layer or device may be located in a region between an outlet of the air mover and the one or more air inlets into the bag structure.
  • the cooling layer or device may be part of the vehicle HVAC system.
  • the cooling layer or device may be located inside of the bag structure, above and/or blow the spacer layer.
  • the cooling layer or device may at least partially or entirely surround the spacer layer.
  • the cooling layer or device may be of the type disclosed in US 11,033,058, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
  • the thermal ventilation system may include one or more Thermoelectric Devices (TED).
  • the TED may heat air as the air enters the air mover or as the air flow leaves the air mover.
  • the TED may cool air as the air enters the air mover or as the air leaves the air mover.
  • the TED may be used to heat air and/or cool air that is blown into the bag structure.
  • the TED and/or air mover may be used in any manner or any configuration with a bag structure or insert described in any of U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the TED and heating layer may both produce heat at the same time; however, it is contemplated that the TED or heater
  • the one or more air movers may include a Thermoelectric Device (TED).
  • the TED may heat air as it enters die air mover or as it leaves the air mover.
  • the TED may cool air as the air enters the air mover or as the air leaves the air mover.
  • the one or more air movers may include a heating device, a cooling device, or both (i.e. a thermoelectric device (TED)).
  • the TED may be used to heat air and/or cool air that is blown onto the user.
  • the TED and/or air mover may be used in any manner or any configuration with an insert described in any of U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the TED and heater may both produce heat at the same time; however, it is contemplated that the TED or heater may be used separately.
  • the heater may be used to produce heat in an active heating system in place of a TED.
  • the heater preferably, may not be used when the TED is used to cool the user.
  • the TED may blow hot air while die heater contemporaneously heats the seed; thereby, providing both conduction heating and convection heating.
  • the one or more air movers may include a Thermoelectric Device (TED).
  • the TED may heat air as it enters die air mover or as it leaves the air mover.
  • the TED may cool air as the air enters the air mover or as the air leaves the air mover.
  • the one or more air movers may include a heating device, a cooling device, or both (i.e. a thermoelectric device (TED)).
  • the TED may be used to heat air and/or cool air that is blown onto the user.
  • the TED and/or air mover may be used in any manner or any configuration with an insert described in any of U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the TED and heater may both produce heat at the same time; however, it is contemplated that the TED or heater may be used separately.
  • the heater may be used to produce heat in an active heating system in place of a TED.
  • the heater preferably, may not be used when the TED is used to cool the user.
  • the TED may blow hot air while die heater contemporaneously heats the seed; thereby, providing both conduction heating and convection heating.
  • the one or more air movers may include a Thermoelectric Device (TED).
  • the TED may heat air as it enters die air mover or as it leaves the air mover.
  • the TED may cool air as the air enters the air mover or as the air leaves the air mover.
  • the one or more air movers may include a heating device, a cooling device, or both (i.e. a thermoelectric device (TED)).
  • the TED may be used to heat air and/or cool air that is blown into the bag structure.
  • the TED and/or air mover may be used in any manner or any configuration with an insert described in any of U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the TED and heating layer may both produce heat at the same time; however, it is contemplated that the TED or the heating layer may be used separately.
  • the heating layer may be used to produce heat in an active heating system in place of a TED.
  • the TED and cooling layer may both produce cooling at the same time; however, it is contemplated that the TED or the cooling layer may be used separately.
  • the cooling device or layer may be used to produce cooling in an active cooling system in place of a TED.
  • the thermal ventilation system may include one or more spacer layers.
  • the spacer layer may function to facilitate a distribution of air flow through the bag structure.
  • the spacer layer may function to provide an area for storing or staging air before it is expelled from within the bag structure.
  • the stored or staged air flow within the spacer layer may be ambient air (not heated or cooled), or the air flow may be at least partially conditioned (at least partially heated or cooled).
  • the spacer layer may be an air permeable material or layer.
  • the spacer layer may include internal pores or passages that permit air or other fluid to pass therethrough.
  • the spacer layer can comprise an internal lattice or other structure which has internal openings.
  • the spacer layer may be a screen or a mesh.
  • the spacer layer may be compressible, elastic, resilient, or a combination thereof.
  • the spacer layer may be breathable, resistant to crushing, and/or made from a foam, plastic, and/or polymeric material.
  • the spacer layer may be made of a wire and/or mesh material.
  • the spacer layer may be made of a cloth, fleece, and/or felt material, spun bond material, polyester material, a PET material (polyethylene terephthalate), a foam, a plush foam, or a combination thereof.
  • a spacer layer is sold under the trade name 3MESH® and is commercially available from Mueller Textil GmbH, Germany or Mueller Textiles, Inc., Rhode Island, USA.
  • the spacer layer may have a thickness of about 5mm or more, 6mm or more, 7mm or more, 8mm or more, 9mm or more, 10mm or more, 11mm or more, 12mm or more.
  • the spacer layer may be generally air impermeable, but may include one or more openings or through holes that allows an air flow to pass therethrough. In other configurations, at least some of the air flow may flow around the spacer layer rather than through it.
  • the thermal ventilation system may include one or more fasteners.
  • One or more fasteners may be used to connect or join together two or more layers of the bag structure, two or more layers within the bag structure, one or more layers within the bag structure to one or more layers of the bag structure, or a combination thereof.
  • One or more fasteners may be used to join or attach the one or more air movers to the bag structure, one or more ducts or connectors to the one or more air movers and/or to the bag structure.
  • One or more fasteners may be used to connect the thermal ventilation system or bag structure to the interior feature, to the interior surface, or both.
  • One or more fasteners may be used to connect the one or more air movers to the bag structure, to the interior feature or surface, or both.
  • One or more fasteners may be used to join or connect the interior surface to the bag structure and/or to one or more layers thereof.
  • the one or more fasteners may be or may include one or more fastening components and/or fastening methods that include: lamination, tape, double-sided adhesive tape, single sided adhesive tape, pressure sensitive adhesive, glues, epoxies, hog rings, stitching, sewing, welding, high-frequency welding, IR welding, RF welding, ultrasonic welding, sealing, heat sealing, heat staking, chemical fixation, hook and loop fasteners, staples, rivets, pins, buttons, snaps, bands, straps, or a combination thereof.
  • the thermal ventilation system includes one or more blowers, air movers, or fans, or is connected to one or more air movers or fans.
  • a thermal ventilation system may include its own, dedicated fan or air mover.
  • a thermal ventilation system or the bag structure may be connected to the vehicle HVAC system which may preclude the requirement for having a dedicated fanner air mover.
  • a thermal ventilation system may include both a dedicated fan or air mover and the vehicle HVAC system.
  • ambient, or not conditioned air may be provided into the air distribution device of the thermal ventilation system for conditioning.
  • preconditioned air flow e.g., already warm, or cool air flow
  • preconditioned air flow maybe provide it into the air distribution device and simply pass through the air distribution device, without additional conditioning by the thermal ventilation system according to these teachings.
  • the one or more air movers may move air into and/or through the air distribution device.
  • the one or more air movers may push air, pull air, both, or switch between pushing and pulling air into the bag structure.
  • the one or more air movers may be an axial fan, a radial fan, or both.
  • the one or more air movers may be a low RPM motor, but high pressure motor.
  • a low volume air mover may be sufficient to provide the air flow into and out of the bag structure.
  • the blower may have a CFM on the order of about 10-40CFM, statis pressure on the order of about 5-50 (inches of water) or approximately l-12Kpa.
  • the one or more fans or air movers may be at least partially situated within the air distribution device, may be connected, or attached to the interior feature, may be secured within the frame of the interior feature of the vehicle, or a combination thereof.
  • the thermal ventilation system may include one or more additional layers.
  • the one or more additional layers may be permeable or non-permeable layers.
  • the one or more additional layers may be one or more protective layers.
  • the one or more additional layers may be made of a fleece, cloth, or other suitable material.
  • the one or more additional layers may function to insulate the air distribution device to reduce air flow noise in, within, or out of the bag structure.
  • the one or more additional layers may be compressible or compressed between the thermal ventilation system and the interior feature to reduce or prevent noise, vibrations, rattling, etc.
  • the one or more additional layers may include one or more holes to allow the air flow to be exhausted from the system.
  • the one or more additional layers may function to provide additional restrictions of the air flow exiting the system to their boy allow conditioned air flow or air flow to remain inside the bag structure for further heating or cooling before it is expelled from the bag structure.
  • disclosure of "a” or “one” to describe an element or step is not intended to foreclose additional elements or steps.
  • disclosure of “a motor” does not limit the teachings to a single motor. Instead, for example, disclosure of “a motor” may include “one or more motors.”
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer, or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings.
  • Spatially relative terms such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • any of the elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to a single embodiment. Instead, any of the elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections disclosed herein may be substituted, combined, and/or modified with any of the elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections disclosed herein to form one or more embodiments that may be specifically illustrated or described herein.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de ventilation thermique pour fournir un flux d'air conditionné depuis l'arrière ou à travers une surface A- ou un panneau à l'intérieur d'un véhicule, le système de ventilation thermique comprenant un dispositif de distribution d'air qui comprend une cavité; une couche chauffante et une couche d'espacement dans la cavité; le dispositif comprend une ou plusieurs entrée d'air par lesquelles un flux d'air est introduit dans la cavité, la couche chauffante est conçue pour produire de la chaleur pour conditionner le flux d'air à l'intérieur de la cavité, le flux d'air conditionné est au moins temporairement stocké dans la cavité, puis le flux d'air conditionné est évacué de l'intérieur de la cavité à travers une ou plusieurs ouvertures ou sorties dans le dispositif de distribution d'air depuis l'arrière ou à travers la surface ou le panneau à l'intérieur du véhicule.
PCT/IB2024/000552 2023-10-03 2024-10-01 Système de ventilation thermique pour surfaces intérieures de véhicule Pending WO2025074156A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US202363542107P 2023-10-03 2023-10-03
US63/542,107 2023-10-03

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