WO2025252019A1 - Procédé de communication et appareil de communication - Google Patents

Procédé de communication et appareil de communication

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Publication number
WO2025252019A1
WO2025252019A1 PCT/CN2025/098303 CN2025098303W WO2025252019A1 WO 2025252019 A1 WO2025252019 A1 WO 2025252019A1 CN 2025098303 W CN2025098303 W CN 2025098303W WO 2025252019 A1 WO2025252019 A1 WO 2025252019A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measurement frame
measurement
signal
channel
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/098303
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李德建
王键
杨修竹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025252019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025252019A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to communication methods and communication apparatus.
  • Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that transmits and receives extremely narrow pulses with durations in the nanosecond or microsecond range to achieve data transmission.
  • UWB technology occupies a wide spectrum, with the bandwidth of the transmitted or received wireless signals exceeding 500MHz, and also has a very low radiation spectral density. This gives it advantages such as strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and strong security.
  • the wireless signals in UWB technology can be used as measurement signals for ranging, angle measurement, sensing, and positioning, such as for precise ranging based on the time-of-flight (TOF) measurement of the pulses.
  • TOF time-of-flight
  • UWB technology uses extremely narrow pulses to achieve data transmission or precise ranging, it places very high demands on the time-frequency synchronization of the transmitting and receiving devices. For example, the timing synchronization requirement for UWB signals must be less than 1 ns. Consequently, the UWB module used for UWB signal interaction in the device needs to be very complex. Currently, simplifying the design of the UWB module is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • This application provides a communication method and a communication device, which can simplify the structural design of the UWB module used for UWB signal interaction in the device.
  • embodiments of this application provide a communication method, which may be executed by a first device, or by a module in the first device such as a chip system or circuit, or by a logic node, logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device. This application does not limit the scope of the method.
  • the method includes: a first device generating a first measurement frame, the first measurement frame including a first narrowband signal and a second narrowband signal, the first narrowband signal being used to measure a timing deviation between the first device and the second device, and the second narrowband signal being used to measure a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device; the first device transmitting the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband; and the first device transmitting a second measurement frame to the second device via ultra-wideband, wherein the timing deviation and the frequency deviation are used to determine the time and frequency at which the second device receives the second measurement frame, and the second measurement frame is used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via the ultra-wideband signal.
  • Narrowband can also be referred to as narrowband signal, narrowband physical layer, or narrowband module
  • ultra-wideband can also be referred to as ultra-wideband signal, ultra-wideband physical layer, or ultra-wideband module.
  • the aforementioned first narrowband signal can also be used to measure the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device.
  • frequency deviation is measured using a dedicated second narrowband signal, instead of the current method of using a synchronization signal, resulting in higher accuracy of the final frequency deviation measurement.
  • the initial time-frequency synchronization accuracy of the NB module in the device increases, the time-frequency synchronization accuracy requirements for fine synchronization of the UWB module can be reduced. Consequently, when designing the receiver synchronization module in the UWB module, the margin required for fine synchronization is reduced, and the structural design of the synchronization module is simpler.
  • the first narrowband signal includes a synchronization signal
  • the second narrowband signal is a measurement signal, which includes at least one of an unmodulated carrier signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • ASK amplitude shift keying
  • the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal can be a BPSK signal without phase rotation or a BPSK signal with ⁇ /2 rotation.
  • the length of the measurement signal is configurable, for example, configuration options include 16/32/64/128/256/512/1024/2048 bits, etc.
  • the synchronization signal is located in time before the measurement signal.
  • the synchronization signal needs to be aligned on the narrow band time symbol first, while the measurement signal needs to be more precise, so it needs to be synchronized for less than one time symbol. Therefore, the synchronization signal can be located before the measurement signal in time.
  • the first device sends a first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband, including: the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband on a preset first channel; the method further includes: the first device receiving a third measurement frame from the second device via narrowband on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the first device and the second device perform initial synchronization through bidirectional interaction using measurement frames with the same frame structure.
  • this unifies the frame structure in the bidirectional interactive measurement process; on the other hand, the frame structure described in this application improves the accuracy of bidirectional interactive measurement.
  • the method further includes: the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device on N channels of frequency hopping measurement according to a preset channel measurement order, wherein the preset channel measurement order includes the N channels and the channel numbers corresponding to the N channels respectively, where N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the preset channel measurement order and N channels can be specified in advance, determined according to a frequency hopping map, or given by signaling as a set of frequency point IDs.
  • the duration of initial synchronization measurement can be reduced by using a specified number of measurement channels.
  • the method further includes: after transmitting the first measurement frame on the Nth channel of the N channels, after a first time interval, the first device transmits the second measurement frame to the second device.
  • the method further includes: the first device determining the reception time of receiving the third measurement frame on the Nth channel among the N channels based on the reception time of receiving at least one third measurement frame from the second device on at least N channels; after the reception time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel, after a second time interval, the first device receiving the fourth measurement frame from the second device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the expected synchronization information on the Nth channel can be inferred from the synchronization information on one or more channels that have successfully completed the bidirectional interaction, and then the reception time and reception frequency of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame can be determined based on the expected transmission information on the Nth channel.
  • the method further includes: the first device determining a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on one or more of the received third measurement frames; and the first device determining the second time interval based on the determined frequency deviation.
  • the first time interval can be a preset time interval T interval configured by the first device and/or the second device, such as the time interval from clearing/latching the MAC counter of an ultra-wideband system to the start of TX.
  • the second time interval can be obtained by weighting the first time interval and the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, for example, T interval * (1-CFO).
  • the start time of the first time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the first measurement frame.
  • the start time of the second time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the third measurement frame.
  • the receiving device of the narrowband signal measurement frame starts receiving the ultra-wideband measurement frame immediately after completing the timing synchronization according to the synchronization signal field. This helps to avoid the inaccuracy of timing from the end time of the synchronization signal field to the end time of the frame caused by the clock deviation between the transmitting and receiving devices.
  • the method further includes: the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device on multiple channels according to a first frequency hopping method, the first frequency hopping method being used to determine the frequency hopping order or frequency hopping scheme of the multiple channels.
  • the first device sending a first measurement frame to the second device includes: the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device on a first channel, the plurality of channels including the first channel; the method further includes: when the first device does not receive a third measurement frame from the second device on the first channel, the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device when hopping to a second channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame, the second channel being determined according to the first frequency hopping method or the channel measurement order.
  • the first device sending a first measurement frame to the second device includes: the first device sending the first measurement frame to the second device on a first channel, the plurality of channels including the first channel; the method further includes: the first device receiving a third measurement frame from the second device on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the method further includes: when the reception quality of the third measurement frame received by the first device on the first channel does not meet the preset conditions, the first device sends the first measurement frame to the second device when hopping to the second channel, wherein the second channel is determined according to the first frequency hopping method or according to the preset channel measurement order.
  • the method further includes: when the reception quality of the third measurement frame received by the first device on the first channel meets the preset conditions, the first device does not transmit the first measurement frame when hopping to the second channel, and the second channel is determined according to the first frequency hopping method or according to the preset channel measurement order.
  • the decision to continue transmitting the first measurement frame on the next channel is made based on the reception quality of the received narrowband signal measurement frame and whether the narrowband signal measurement frame has been received. This not only ensures that the accuracy of the initial synchronization meets the initial synchronization requirements of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame, but also avoids the shortcomings of relying solely on the first device to determine the measurement result. That is, even when the interference levels of the first and second devices differ, the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frames for both devices is guaranteed.
  • the reception quality is determined based on at least one of the following parameters: the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), and verification result of the synchronization signal or logical link identifier or access address of the third measurement frame; the SNR of the first narrowband signal; and the RSSI and Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) value of the second narrowband signal.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
  • SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
  • SINR Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio
  • CFO Carrier Frequency Offset
  • the above technical solution avoids the problem of not being able to determine the reception quality due to the lack of CRC check in the first measurement frame.
  • the method further includes: the first device determining a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on the third measurement frame; the first device determining a first time interval based on the determined frequency deviation; and after receiving the third measurement frame, and after the first time interval, the first device receiving the second measurement frame from the second device.
  • the method further includes: after sending the first measurement frame to the second device, after a second time interval, the first device sends the second measurement frame to the second device.
  • the second time interval can be a preset time interval T interval configured by the first device and/or the second device, such as the time interval from clearing/latching the MAC counter of an ultra-wideband system to the start of TX.
  • the first time interval can be obtained by weighting the second time interval and the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, for example, T interval * (1-CFO).
  • embodiments of this application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a second device, or by a module in the second device such as a chip system or circuit, or by a logic node, logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second device. This application does not limit this.
  • the method includes: a second device receiving a first measurement frame from a first device via narrowband, the first measurement frame including a first narrowband signal and a second narrowband signal, the first narrowband signal being used to measure a timing deviation between the first device and the second device, and the second narrowband signal being used to measure a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device; the second device receiving a second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband, wherein the timing deviation and the frequency deviation are used to determine the time and frequency at which the second device receives the second measurement frame, and the second measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via the ultra-wideband signal.
  • Narrowband can also be called narrowband signal, narrowband physical layer, or narrowband module
  • ultra-wideband can also be called ultra-wideband signal, ultra-wideband physical layer, or ultra-wideband module.
  • frequency deviation is measured using a dedicated second narrowband signal, instead of the current method of using a synchronization signal, resulting in higher accuracy of the final frequency deviation measurement.
  • the initial time-frequency synchronization accuracy of the NB module in the device increases, the time-frequency synchronization accuracy requirements for fine synchronization of the UWB module can be reduced. Consequently, when designing the receiver synchronization module in the UWB module, the margin required for fine synchronization is reduced, and the structural design of the synchronization module is simpler.
  • the first narrowband signal includes a synchronization signal
  • the second narrowband signal is a measurement signal, which includes at least one of an unmodulated carrier signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • ASK amplitude shift keying
  • the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal can be a BPSK signal without phase rotation or a BPSK signal with ⁇ /2 rotation.
  • the length of the measurement signal is configurable, for example, configuration options include 16/32/64/128/256/512/1024/2048 bits, etc.
  • the synchronization signal is located in time before the measurement signal.
  • the second device receiving a first measurement frame from the first device includes: the second device receiving the first measurement frame from the first device via narrowband on a preset first channel; the method further includes: the second device sending a third measurement frame to the first device via narrowband on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the method further includes: the second device detecting the first measurement frame from the first device on N channels of frequency hopping measurement according to a preset channel measurement order, the preset channel measurement order including the N channels and the channel numbers corresponding to the N channels respectively, where N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the method further includes: the second device determining the reception time of receiving the first measurement frame on the Nth channel among the N channels based on the reception time of receiving at least one first measurement frame from the first device on the N channels; the second device receiving the second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband, including: after the reception time of the first measurement frame on the Nth channel, after a third time interval, the second device receiving the second measurement frame from the first device.
  • the method further includes: the second device determining a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on one or more received first measurement frames; and the second device determining the third time interval based on the determined frequency deviation.
  • the method further includes: the second device determining the transmission time of transmitting the third measurement frame on the Nth channel among the N channels based on the transmission time of at least one third measurement frame transmitted to the first device on the N channels; after the transmission time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel, after a fourth time interval, the second device transmits a fourth measurement frame to the first device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the fourth time interval can be a preset time interval T interval configured by the first device and/or the second device, such as the time interval from clearing/latching the MAC counter of an ultra-wideband system to the start of TX.
  • the third time interval can be obtained by weighting the fourth time interval and the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, for example, T interval * (1-CFO).
  • the start time of the third time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the first measurement frame.
  • the start time of the fourth time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the third measurement frame.
  • the method further includes: the second device detecting the first measurement frame from the first device on multiple channels according to a first frequency hopping method, the first frequency hopping method being used to determine the frequency hopping order or frequency hopping scheme of the multiple channels.
  • the second device detects the first measurement frame from the first device on multiple channels, including: the second device detecting the first measurement frame from the first device on a first channel, the multiple channels including the first channel; the method further includes: when the second device does not receive the first measurement frame from the first device on the first channel, the second device does not send a third measurement frame on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the second device detects the first measurement frame from the first device on multiple channels, including: the second device detecting the first measurement frame from the first device on a first channel, the multiple channels including the first channel; the method further includes: the second device receiving the first measurement frame from the first device on the first channel.
  • the method further includes: when the reception quality of the first measurement frame received by the second device on the first channel does not meet the preset conditions, the second device does not send a third measurement frame on the first channel, and the frame structure of the third measurement frame is the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the method further includes: when the reception quality of the first measurement frame received by the second device on the first channel meets preset conditions, the second device sends a third measurement frame to the first device on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as that of the first measurement frame.
  • the reception quality is determined based on at least one of the following parameters: the received signal strength index (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and verification result of the synchronization signal or logical link identifier or access address of the third measurement frame; the SNR of the first narrowband signal; and the RSSI and carrier frequency deviation (CFO) value of the second narrowband signal.
  • RSSI received signal strength index
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • SINR signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
  • CFO carrier frequency deviation
  • the method further includes: the second device determining a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on the first measurement frame; the second device determining a third time interval based on the determined frequency deviation; and after receiving the first measurement frame, and after the third time interval, the second device receiving the second measurement frame from the first device.
  • the method further includes: after sending the third measurement frame to the first device, after a fourth time interval, the second device sends the fourth measurement frame to the first device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the fourth time interval can be a preset time interval T interval configured by the first device and/or the second device, such as the time interval from clearing/latching the MAC counter of an ultra-wideband system to the start of TX.
  • the third time interval can be obtained by weighting the fourth time interval and the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, for example, T interval * (1-CFO).
  • a communication device includes a processing unit configured to: generate a first measurement frame, the first measurement frame including a first narrowband signal and a second narrowband signal, the first narrowband signal being used to measure a timing deviation between a first device and a second device, and the second narrowband signal being used to measure a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device; and a transceiver unit configured to: transmit the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband; and transmit a second measurement frame to the second device via ultra-wideband, wherein the timing deviation and the frequency deviation are used to determine the time and frequency at which the second device receives the second measurement frame, and the second measurement frame is used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via the ultra-wideband signal.
  • the first narrowband signal includes a synchronization signal
  • the second narrowband signal is a measurement signal, which includes at least one of an unmodulated carrier signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • ASK amplitude shift keying
  • the synchronization signal is located in time before the measurement signal.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically used to: transmit the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband on a preset first channel; the transceiver unit is also used to: receive a third measurement frame from the second device via narrowband on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: send the first measurement frame to the second device on N channels of frequency hopping measurement according to a preset channel measurement order, wherein the preset channel measurement order includes the N channels and the channel numbers corresponding to the N channels respectively, where N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: after transmitting the first measurement frame on the Nth channel of the N channels, transmit the second measurement frame to the second device after a first time interval.
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the reception time of receiving the third measurement frame on the Nth channel among the N channels based on the reception time of receiving at least one third measurement frame from the second device on the N channels; the transceiver unit is further configured to: after the reception time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel, after a second time interval, receive the fourth measurement frame from the second device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on one or more of the received third measurement frames; and determine the second time interval based on the determined frequency deviation.
  • the start time of the first time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the first measurement frame.
  • the start time of the second time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the third measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: send the first measurement frame to the second device on multiple channels according to a first frequency hopping method, wherein the first frequency hopping method is used to determine the frequency hopping order or frequency hopping scheme of the multiple channels.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to: send the first measurement frame to the second device on the first channel, wherein the plurality of channels include the first channel; the transceiver unit is further configured to: when no third measurement frame is received from the second device on the first channel, send the first measurement frame to the second device when hopping to the second channel, wherein the frame structure of the third measurement frame is the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame, and the second channel is determined according to the first frequency hopping method or the channel measurement order.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically used to: send the first measurement frame to the second device on a first channel, the plurality of channels including the first channel; the transceiver unit is also used to: receive a third measurement frame from the second device on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: when the reception quality of the third measurement frame received on the first channel does not meet the preset conditions, send the first measurement frame to the second device when hopping to the second channel, wherein the second channel is determined according to the first frequency hopping method or according to the preset channel measurement order.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: when the reception quality of the third measurement frame received on the first channel meets the preset conditions, not transmit the first measurement frame when hopping to the second channel, wherein the second channel is determined according to the first frequency hopping method or according to the preset channel measurement order.
  • the reception quality is determined based on at least one of the following parameters: the received signal strength index (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and verification result of the synchronization signal or logical link identifier or access address of the third measurement frame; the SNR of the first narrowband signal; and the RSSI and carrier frequency deviation (CFO) value of the second narrowband signal.
  • RSSI received signal strength index
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • SINR signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
  • CFO carrier frequency deviation
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the frequency deviation between itself and the second device based on the third measurement frame; determine a first time interval based on the determined frequency deviation; the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the second measurement frame from the second device after receiving the third measurement frame and after the first time interval.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: after sending the first measurement frame to the second device, send the second measurement frame to the second device after a second time interval.
  • the communication device is a apparatus (first apparatus).
  • the transceiver unit can be a transceiver or an input/output interface;
  • the processing unit can be at least one processor.
  • the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface can be an input/output circuit.
  • the communication device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a device (first device).
  • the transceiver unit may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit;
  • the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.
  • a communication apparatus comprising a transceiver unit configured to: receive a first measurement frame from a first device via narrowband, the first measurement frame including a first narrowband signal and a second narrowband signal, the first narrowband signal being used to measure a timing deviation between the first device and the second device, and the second narrowband signal being used to measure a frequency deviation between the first device and the second device; and receive a second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband, wherein the timing deviation and the frequency deviation are used to determine the time and frequency at which the second device receives the second measurement frame, and the second measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via the ultra-wideband signal.
  • the first narrowband signal includes a synchronization signal
  • the second narrowband signal is a measurement signal, which includes at least one of an unmodulated carrier signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • ASK amplitude shift keying
  • the synchronization signal is located in time before the measurement signal.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically used to: receive the first measurement frame from the first device via narrowband on a preset first channel; the transceiver unit is also used to: send a third measurement frame to the first device via narrowband on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as that of the first measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: detect the first measurement frame from the first device on N channels of frequency hopping measurement according to a preset channel measurement order, wherein the preset channel measurement order includes the N channels and the channel numbers corresponding to the N channels respectively, where N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the apparatus further includes a processing unit configured to: determine, based on the reception time of receiving at least one first measurement frame from the first device on the N channels, the reception time of receiving the first measurement frame from the first device on the N channels; the transceiver unit is specifically configured to: receive the second measurement frame from the first device after a third time interval following the reception time of the first measurement frame on the Nth channel.
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on one or more received first measurement frames; and determine the third time interval based on the determined frequency deviation.
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the transmission time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel among the N channels based on the transmission time of at least one third measurement frame transmitted to the first device on the N channels; the transceiver unit is further configured to: after the transmission time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel, after a fourth time interval, transmit a fourth measurement frame to the first device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the start time of the third time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the first measurement frame.
  • the start time of the fourth time interval is the same as the end time of the synchronization signal field of the third measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: detect the first measurement frame from the first device on multiple channels according to a first frequency hopping method, wherein the first frequency hopping method is used to determine the frequency hopping order or frequency hopping scheme of the multiple channels.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to: detect the first measurement frame from the first device on a first channel, the plurality of channels including the first channel; the transceiver unit is further configured to: when no first measurement frame is received from the first device on the first channel, not transmit a third measurement frame on the first channel, the frame structure of the third measurement frame being the same as the frame structure of the first measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to: detect the first measurement frame from the first device on a first channel, the plurality of channels including the first channel; the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the first measurement frame from the first device on the first channel.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: when the reception quality of the first measurement frame received on the first channel does not meet the preset conditions, not transmit a third measurement frame on the first channel, wherein the frame structure of the third measurement frame is the same as that of the first measurement frame.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: when the reception quality of the first measurement frame received on the first channel meets preset conditions, send a third measurement frame to the first device on the first channel, wherein the frame structure of the third measurement frame is the same as that of the first measurement frame.
  • the reception quality is determined based on at least one of the following parameters: the received signal strength index (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and verification result of the synchronization signal or logical link identifier or access address of the third measurement frame; the SNR of the first narrowband signal; and the RSSI and carrier frequency deviation (CFO) value of the second narrowband signal.
  • RSSI received signal strength index
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • SINR signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
  • CFO carrier frequency deviation
  • the processing unit is further configured to: determine the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device based on the first measurement frame; determine a third time interval based on the determined frequency deviation; the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the second measurement frame from the first device after receiving the first measurement frame and after the third time interval.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: after sending the third measurement frame to the first device, after a fourth time interval, send the fourth measurement frame to the first device, the fourth measurement frame being used to measure the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the communication device is a apparatus (second apparatus).
  • the transceiver unit can be a transceiver or an input/output interface;
  • the processing unit can be at least one processor.
  • the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface can be an input/output circuit.
  • the communication device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a device (second device).
  • the transceiver unit may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit;
  • the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.
  • a communication device comprising: a memory for storing a program; and at least one processor for executing the computer program or instructions stored in the memory to perform the method provided by the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect, or to perform the method provided by the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect.
  • the communication device is a device (such as a first device, or a second device).
  • the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for use in a device (such as a first device or a second device).
  • this application provides a processor for performing the methods provided in the above aspects.
  • the transmission and acquisition/reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.
  • a seventh aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code for execution by a device, the program code including instructions for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect, or including instructions for performing the method provided in the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method provided by the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect, or causes the computer to perform the method provided by the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect.
  • a chip system including a processor and a communication interface, the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface, executes the method provided by the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect, or executes the method provided by the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect.
  • the chip system further includes a memory storing computer programs or instructions.
  • the processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor is used to execute the method provided by the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect, or to execute the method provided by the second aspect or any of the above implementations of the second aspect.
  • a communication system comprising at least one communication device as described in at least one third aspect above and at least one notification device as described in at least one fourth aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of signal interaction between devices provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between narrowband signals and ultra-wideband signals provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 5 is a time-domain schematic diagram of a first measurement frame and a second measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of a narrowband signal measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of narrowband signal measurement frame-assisted ultra-wideband signal measurement frame interaction provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency bidirectional interactive narrowband signal measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another multi-frequency bidirectional interactive narrowband signal measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic flowchart of a bidirectional interactive stop provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another multi-frequency bidirectional interactive narrowband signal measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic flowchart of another bidirectional interactive stop provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the descriptions used in the embodiments of this application include the case where any one of a1, a2, ... and an exists alone, as well as the case where any combination of a1, a2, ... and an exists alone. Each case can exist independently.
  • the description "at least one of a, b and c" includes the cases of a alone, b alone, c alone, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, a combination of b and c, or a combination of a, b, and c.
  • At least one (item) means one or more, “more than one” means two or more, “at least two (items)” means two or three or more, and "and/or” is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an “or” relationship.
  • At least one (item) of the following” or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • At least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the method provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, and short-range wireless communication network systems.
  • Short-range wireless communication network systems include SparkLink communication network systems (including SparkLink Basic (SLB), SparkLink Low Energy (SLE), and SparkLink Positioning (SLP) versions), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, and new communication systems emerging in future communication development (such as 6G).
  • SparkLink's SLB can be referred to as "Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Wireless Short-Range Communication Vehicle-Mounted Air Interface”
  • SparkLink's SLE can be referred to as “Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Low-Power Air Interface of SparkLink Wireless Communication System Access Layer.”
  • IoT networks may include, for example, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • V2X may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, etc.
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian
  • V2N vehicle-to-network
  • a node can include independent devices such as handheld terminals, vehicles, in-vehicle equipment, network-side equipment, user equipment, access terminals, user units, user stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminals, wireless communication equipment, user agents, or user devices. It can also be a component (such as a chip or integrated circuit) contained within an independent device.
  • a node can be any possible intelligent terminal device (such as a mobile phone), intelligent transportation equipment (such as vehicles, drones, etc.), intelligent manufacturing equipment, smart home devices (such as large screens, speakers, etc.), etc.
  • the nodes in this application embodiment can be applied to various application scenarios, such as the following: mobile internet (MI), industrial control, self-driving, transportation safety, internet of things (IoT), smart city, or smart home.
  • MI mobile internet
  • IoT internet of things
  • smart city smart home.
  • devices with similar communication capabilities may not be called nodes but may be called devices; this application does not impose any restrictions on this.
  • nodes can communicate with each other through D2D, M2M or V2X technologies.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication system may include at least one first node (e.g., a network device) and at least one second node (e.g., a terminal device).
  • first node e.g., a network device
  • second node e.g., a terminal device
  • the first node may also be referred to as the first device
  • the second node may also be referred to as the second device; no distinction is made between them here.
  • the descriptions of the first node and the second node are as follows:
  • the first node can be a master device, specifically a next-generation node B (gNB), a next-generation evolved node B (ng-eNB), a node in a short-range wireless communication network system (e.g., a master node, management node, or G node in a Starlink communication network system), or an access network device in a future communication network (such as 6G).
  • the master device can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities.
  • This master device can be an access node, wireless relay node, or wireless backhaul node in a wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system.
  • This master device can be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario.
  • This master device can be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device.
  • This master device can also be a small cell, a transmission reception point (TRP) (or a transmission point), etc.
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • the second node can be a terminal device, which can also be called user equipment (UE), terminal, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • a terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water, such as on ships; and it can be deployed in the air, such as on airplanes, balloons, or satellites.
  • Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, and so on.
  • the terminal device can also be a node in a short-range wireless communication network system (e.g., a slave node, terminal node, or T node in a StarFlash communication network system), a terminal device in a future communication network (such as 6G), or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN, etc.
  • the terminal device shown in this application may include not only vehicles (such as complete vehicles) in the Internet of Vehicles, but also in-vehicle equipment or in-vehicle terminals in the Internet of Vehicles. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal device when it is applied to the Internet of Vehicles.
  • Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a first node (the network device shown in Figure 1) and six second nodes (the terminal devices shown in Figure 1), as well as the communication links between the nodes.
  • the communication system may also include multiple first nodes, and the coverage area of each first node may include other numbers of second nodes, such as more or fewer terminal devices, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the communication links between the aforementioned communication devices can include various types of connection media, including wired links (e.g., fiber optics), wireless links, or a combination of wired and wireless links.
  • connection media e.g., wired links (e.g., fiber optics), wireless links, or a combination of wired and wireless links.
  • short-range wireless connection technologies can include SparkLink, 802.11b/g, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Zigbee, radio frequency identification (RFID), ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, impulse radio (IR) ultra-wideband (IR-UWB), or short-range wireless communication systems (e.g., vehicle-mounted short-range wireless communication systems).
  • the aforementioned communication devices can be configured with multiple antennas. These multiple antennas may include at least one transmitting antenna for transmitting signals and at least one receiving antenna for receiving signals, etc.
  • This application embodiment does not limit the specific structure of each communication device.
  • the communication system may also include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity; this application embodiment is not limited to these.
  • wireless communication technology With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, more and more devices supporting wireless communication are gradually entering people's lives, such as intelligent transportation equipment, smart home devices, and robots. Based on wireless communication technology, it is possible to achieve wireless ranging and positioning of various intelligent devices within the communication domain, for example, in scenarios such as ranging and positioning of indoor intelligent devices and keyless entry and start of intelligent vehicles.
  • a communication domain refers to a system consisting of a group of communication nodes with communication relationships, and the communication connections (i.e., communication links) between these nodes.
  • a communication domain includes a master node and at least one slave node.
  • the master and slave nodes can communicate with each other, or between master nodes, or between slave nodes.
  • the master node can manage the slave nodes, manage the time-frequency resources of the communication domain, and has the function of scheduling resources for communication, positioning, measurement, or sensing among the communication nodes in the domain.
  • Slave nodes obey the scheduling of the master node and use the resources allocated by the master node to communicate with the master node and/or other nodes.
  • the master node can be a management node or G node in the Sparklink Basic (SLB) or Sparklink Low Energy (SLE) standard, or a master device in the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) standard, or an access point (AP) in the Wi-Fi standard.
  • SLB Sparklink Basic
  • SLE Sparklink Low Energy
  • BLE Bluetooth Low Energy
  • AP access point
  • the slave node can be an end node or T node in the Sparklink Basic (SLB) or Sparklink Low Energy (SLE) standard, a slave device in the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) standard, or a station (STA) in the Wi-Fi standard.
  • SLB Sparklink Basic
  • SLE Sparklink Low Energy
  • BLE Bluetooth Low Energy
  • STA station
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a possible communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a wireless communication system for a smart cockpit using Starflash technology (SLB and/or SLE).
  • the smart cockpit contains multiple communication domains, each containing a master node (also called a management node or G node) and at least one slave node (also called a terminal node or T node).
  • the master node schedules the slave nodes to achieve communication and data transmission between nodes. For example, on a carrier used by a G node (such as a channel with an SLB bandwidth of approximately 20MHz) or a channel (such as a channel with an SLE bandwidth of 1MHz/2MHz/4MHz), the G node can schedule time-frequency resources for the wireless measurement signal transmission of the T node/G node, achieving ranging and positioning of the T node/G node.
  • the channel can also be referred to as a frequency point.
  • the master node is a positioning anchor point in the vehicle positioning system
  • the slave nodes are car keys or mobile phones.
  • the automatic locking or unlocking of the car doors can be controlled. Therefore, in PEPS application scenarios, users do not need to manually lock or unlock the car doors with a key; instead, the vehicle positioning system can locate the user's car key or mobile phone to achieve automatic locking or unlocking.
  • the communication domain includes multiple measuring nodes (also known as anchors, location anchors, positioning anchors/nodes, beacons, etc.) deployed on the vehicle and a measured node (also known as a located node, tag/location tag, etc.) deployed outside the vehicle.
  • the measuring nodes include, but are not limited to, those deployed in various parts of the vehicle as shown in the figure, such as the four corners and the entire vehicle exterior, the center console/rearview mirror/roof inside the vehicle, and in-vehicle wireless communication devices such as displays, microphones, speakers, and cameras. These can also be reused as measuring nodes for locating external devices such as car keys or mobile phones.
  • the measured node includes node A, which can be a car key with positioning capabilities, or a mobile phone or wearable device with positioning capabilities, used to unlock or lock the vehicle.
  • node G can be the car key/mobile phone, and all measuring nodes on the vehicle are T nodes; alternatively, node G can be any one of the measuring nodes on the vehicle, in which case all other measuring nodes on the vehicle, as well as the car key/mobile phone, are T nodes.
  • the G node can schedule time-frequency resources for communication with the T node, enabling ranging and positioning of the T node (the measured node, car key/phone).
  • the measuring node and the measured node can perform various measurements such as ranging, angle measurement, speed measurement, or sensing.
  • the application scenario shown in Figure 2 is only one exemplary scenario to which the solution of this application can be applied.
  • the solution of this application can also be applied to any other suitable application scenario, such as, but not limited to, home, office, showroom, and production scenarios.
  • Ranging is achieved by at least two nodes, or at least two devices, exchanging ranging wireless signals to measure the distance between them.
  • a master node and a slave node exchange ranging wireless signals to measure the distance between them.
  • a master node and slave node #1 exchange ranging wireless signals to measure the distance between them;
  • a master node and slave node #2 exchange ranging wireless signals to measure the distance between them;
  • slave node #1 and slave node #2 exchange ranging wireless signals to measure the distance between them.
  • Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that transmits and receives extremely narrow pulses or orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with bandwidths exceeding 500 MHz, enabling data transmission or measurement.
  • UWB technology occupies a wide spectrum, with transmitted or received wireless signals having bandwidths exceeding 500 MHz, thus possessing high ranging resolution and accuracy.
  • UWB measurement signals achieve centimeter-level ranging accuracy. This high ranging accuracy also allows for precise measurement of the target's diameter, resulting in highly accurate angle measurements. Therefore, currently, UWB wireless signals can be used as measurement signals for ranging, angle measurement, sensing, and positioning, such as for precise ranging based on the time-of-flight (TOF) of the measurement pulses.
  • TOF time-of-flight
  • the ranging process can specifically be unidirectional signal measurement (or one-way ranging (OWR)), for example, the master node receives and measures the first ranging signal sent by the slave node, or the slave node receives and measures the second ranging signal sent by the master node.
  • the ranging process can specifically be bidirectional signal measurement (or two-way ranging (TWR)), that is, the slave node receives and measures the first ranging signal sent by the master node, and the master node receives and measures the second ranging signal sent by the slave node.
  • Bidirectional signal measurement can eliminate the timing deviation and random initial phase problems between the master and slave nodes introduced by frequency hopping, enabling the ranging signals of each frequency band and/or channel to be coherently combined in the frequency domain, thereby improving the ranging resolution with a large bandwidth measurement after combination, and thus improving the ranging accuracy.
  • the following will use bidirectional signal measurement as an example to introduce the embodiment; the process of unidirectional signal measurement can be referred to the description of the process of bidirectional signal measurement.
  • Frequency hopping refers to the switching of the center frequency of a transmitted signal by a node or device by changing the center frequency of the radio frequency channel (e.g., changing the carrier frequency of the local oscillator signal) or by digitally changing the center frequency of the generated transmitted signal.
  • frequency hopping can refer to frequency hopping based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals, or frequency hopping based on single-carrier or multi-tone signals in SLE/BLE.
  • OFDM frequency hopping is defined as the switching of the DC subcarrier of an OFDM symbol from the center frequency of one carrier channel to the center frequency of another carrier channel.
  • single-carrier frequency hopping it refers to the DC subcarrier switching from one carrier channel to another; for multiple-carrier frequency hopping, it refers to the switching of multiple carrier channel groups to another carrier channel group.
  • the master node and slave node originally operated on carrier channel groups 1-4, and after frequency hopping, they switched to carrier channel groups 5-8.
  • Carrier channel groups 1-4 are called the initial carrier channel groups or initial channel groups, and carrier channel groups 5-8 are called the frequency-hopping carrier channel groups or frequency-hopping channel groups.
  • the carrier channel is simply referred to as the channel.
  • channel and “carrier channel” are interchangeable.
  • channel can also be called “measurement channel” or "frequency point”.
  • the frequency hopping in the embodiments of this application can be radio frequency hopping, digital frequency hopping, or frequency hopping based on phase-locked loop circuit, without limitation.
  • frequency hopping can refer to the switching of a channel used by a device for ranging (i.e., transmitting and/or receiving ranging signals) from one channel to another, with the channels before and after the switch corresponding to different carrier frequencies.
  • a first device and a second device switch from at least one first channel to at least one second channel, wherein the carrier frequencies corresponding to at least one first channel and at least one second channel are different.
  • the first device and the second device directly switch from at least one first channel to at least one second channel; if the frequency hopping count is more than 1, the first device and the second device start from at least one first channel and switch to at least one second channel after multiple channel switchings. For example, the first device and the second device first switch from at least one first channel to at least one third channel, and then switch from at least one third channel to at least one second channel.
  • the first device and the second device can perform frequency hopping according to the same frequency hopping parameters, so that the first device and the second device can perform frequency hopping synchronously. For example, when the first device switches from at least one first channel to at least one second channel, the second device also switches from at least one first channel to at least one second channel.
  • the frequency hopping methods of different nodes or devices can be the same (e.g., both are radio frequency hopping or digital frequency hopping) or different (e.g., the first device uses radio frequency hopping and the second device uses digital frequency hopping). This application does not impose any restrictions.
  • the first device and the second device perform at least one frequency hopping, which can synchronously perform multiple signal measurements on different channels in a preset order, thereby achieving the technical effect of merging large-bandwidth signal measurements from multiple channels (the bandwidth of the signal measurement is the total bandwidth of at least one first channel and at least one second channel).
  • the distance between the first device and the second device is determined by combining the measurements obtained from all signal measurement processes, which can improve the ranging resolution and ranging accuracy.
  • the first device and the second device can perform frequency hopping according to a set frequency hopping method, such as a frequency hopping map (also called a frequency hopping pattern, frequency hopping scheme, or frequency hopping pattern) indicating the frequency hopping order or scheme.
  • a frequency hopping map also called a frequency hopping pattern, frequency hopping scheme, or frequency hopping pattern
  • the frequency hopping pattern can contain multiple channel number information arranged in sequence. Based on the arrangement order of these multiple channel number information, the frequency hopping order of the first device and the second device can be indicated.
  • Table 1 shows a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping pattern and channel number information provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the channel number and corresponding center frequency of a 20MHz carrier are shown.
  • the frequency hopping pattern can be [41, 125, 209, ..., 791, ...]
  • the frequency hopping order of the first and second devices is [channel 41, channel 125, channel 209, ..., channel 791, ...].
  • SLE Spark Leakage
  • SLE uses a 1MHz/2MHz/4MHz narrowband signal, and frequency hopping measurements are performed on channels within the carrier signal frequency range of 2402 to 2480MHz.
  • the frequency hopping order can also be random, for example, [channel 41, channel 1, channel 9, channel 55, ...].
  • the first device and the second device can perform frequency hopping according to a pre-specified number of measurement channels or a pre-specified channel number.
  • a pre-specified number of measurement channels or a pre-specified channel number For example, embodiments of this application can select the first N channels from the frequency hopping map shown in Table 1 as the channels for performing frequency hopping. This can effectively reduce the duration of frequency hopping measurements.
  • the frequency hopping map can indicate the channel number information of the channels in each channel group at a preset position, such as the channel number information of the lowest or highest frequency channel in each channel group.
  • the frequency hopping order of the first and second devices is: [channel group 1 (including three channels, channel numbers a, b, c), channel group 2 (including three channels, channel numbers d, e, f), channel group 3 (including three channels, channel numbers g, h, i)]
  • the frequency hopping pattern can be represented as [channel number a, channel number d, channel number g].
  • a single channel group corresponds to a carrier with an 80MHz bandwidth. If the channel number of the initial working channel indicated by the frequency hopping pattern is 41, then the minimum channel number corresponding to the working channel of the next hop is 291.
  • the operation of the first device and the second device performing bidirectional signal measurement on one channel is considered as one signal measurement process, and the operation of performing signal measurement on different channels is considered as different signal measurement processes.
  • the computing device can synthesize the measurements obtained from the bidirectional signal measurement to calculate the distance between the first device and the second device, for example, the distance of the car key relative to the car in the scenario shown in Figure 2.
  • the computing device can be the first device, the second device, or other devices; this application does not impose any limitations.
  • the computing device can be the initiator between the first device and the second device.
  • the responder receives and measures the ranging signal, the responder needs to feed back the measured value obtained from the signal measurement to the initiator.
  • the number of devices interacting with the same device for distance measurement is not limited to one (for example, there may be a third device interacting with the first device for distance measurement).
  • multiple positioning stations can interact with the car key simultaneously to measure the distance of each positioning station relative to the car key, and then determine the position of the car key relative to the car based on the distance of the car key relative to each positioning station.
  • the interaction process between each device and the first device can refer to the interaction process between the first and second devices described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • UWB signals in Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology can be used for ranging between devices.
  • UWB technology achieves precise ranging by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with durations of nanoseconds or microseconds, time-frequency synchronization between the transmitting and receiving devices is crucial. Therefore, it places high demands on the time-frequency synchronization of the transmitting and receiving devices.
  • UWB signal time-frequency synchronization can be assisted by initial time-frequency synchronization information provided by narrowband (NB) signals, also known as initial synchronization (or coarse synchronization).
  • NB narrowband
  • the first and second devices obtain UWB signal time-frequency synchronization information based on the NB signal's time-frequency synchronization information.
  • the first and second devices obtain more accurate UWB signal time-frequency synchronization information based on the NB signal's synchronization information.
  • an NB signal can be understood as a signal with a bandwidth less than or equal to a first threshold
  • a UWB signal can be understood as a signal with a bandwidth greater than or equal to a second threshold, where the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
  • This application does not impose any limitations on the specific form of the NB signal and the UWB signal.
  • the NB signal can be an SLE, BLE, Zigbee/Bluetooth signal, a frequency in the 2.4GHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band, using a bandwidth of 1MHz, 2MHz, or 4MHz, or employing O-QPSK modulation, etc.
  • the NB signal and UWB signal of a single device can be generated by the same wireless module or by different wireless modules.
  • Figure 3 shows a system block diagram of signal interaction between the first device and the second device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the first device and the second device may include logically or physically UWB modules and NB modules.
  • the UWB module may include a UWB physical layer (PHY) and an optional UWB medium access control (MAC) layer
  • the NB module may include an NB PHY layer and an NB MAC layer.
  • the NB modules in the first and second devices can interact via an air interface to exchange NB signals or measurement frames containing NB signals. This enables initial synchronization of UWB signals or assists the UWB modules in transmitting some/all control information, security authentication information, and measurement information, thereby reducing the power consumption of the UWB modules.
  • the UWB modules in the first and second devices can also interact via an air interface to establish connections, perform security authentication, control management, data transmission, and measurement interaction.
  • the NB module can be at least one of the following: StarSpark SLE/SLB wireless communication, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Zigbee, WiFi, etc.
  • the UWB module can be various UWB technologies, such as SLP, Impulse Response UWB (IR-UWB), or Direct Sequence Spread Ultra-Wideband (DS-UWB).
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to StarSpark SLE, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wi-Fi, other OFDM-based systems, UWB systems, etc.
  • Figure 3 is only used as an example to illustrate a communication system including a first device and a second device, but the communication system shown in Figure 3 is not limited to including more other devices. For example, it may also include more devices that receive NB signals and UWB signals.
  • the NB module and the UWB module can be logical modules or physical modules.
  • the NB module and the UWB module can also be integrated in the same or different chip systems, for example, the NB module is integrated in the Bluetooth chip, the UWB module is integrated in the UWB chip, and the Bluetooth chip and the UWB chip can also be packaged in a single chip.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the NB signal and the UWB signal between the first device and the second device provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • the measurement frames containing NB signals exchanged between the first and second devices will be referred to as the “first measurement frame” and the “third measurement frame,” and the measurement frames containing UWB signals will be referred to as the "second measurement frame” and the “fourth measurement frame.”
  • the first device sends the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband and the second measurement frame via ultra-wideband; the second device sends the third measurement frame to the first device via narrowband and the fourth measurement frame via ultra-wideband.
  • the first or second device may also use the same modules to send or receive the measurement frames shown in FIG4.
  • the frame structure of the third measurement frame is the same as that of the first measurement frame, and the length of the third measurement frame is the same as that of the first measurement frame.
  • the frame structure and length of the fourth measurement frame may also be the same as those of the second measurement frame.
  • the NB module of the star-flash device is an SLE module
  • the UWB module is an SLP module
  • the first measurement frame can be called an SLE frame
  • the second measurement frame can be called an SLP frame
  • the SLE frame can also be called measurement frame type 4
  • the SLP frame can also be called an ultra-wideband pulse measurement frame.
  • the NB modules of the first and second devices first perform initial synchronization. Specifically, the NB module of the first device first sends a first measurement frame to the NB module of the second device. After receiving the first measurement frame, the NB module of the second device measures the time synchronization information (timing deviation) and frequency synchronization information (frequency deviation), and sends the time-frequency synchronization deviation to the UWB module. Based on the received time-frequency synchronization deviation, the UWB module of the second device configures or determines the reception time and frequency of the second measurement frame, or in other words, determines when it expects to receive the second measurement frame sent from the first device and how much time-frequency deviation the UWB signal in the second measurement frame has.
  • timing deviation time synchronization information
  • frequency deviation frequency synchronization information
  • the UWB module of the second device configures or determines the reception time and frequency of the second measurement frame, or in other words, determines when it expects to receive the second measurement frame sent from the first device and how much time-frequency deviation the
  • the NB module of the first device sends the first measurement frame
  • its UWB module can send the second measurement frame to the UWB module of the second device.
  • the second device adjusts the clock timing based on the CFO2 measured by receiving the first measurement frame, for example, changing Tinterval to Tinterval ⁇ (1 - CFO2), to perform timing synchronization at the receiving end.
  • the NB module of the second device sends a third measurement frame to the NB module of the first device.
  • the NB module of the first device measures the time synchronization information (timing deviation) and frequency synchronization information (frequency deviation), and sends the time-frequency synchronization deviation to the UWB module.
  • the UWB module of the first device configures or determines the reception time and frequency of the fourth measurement frame, or in other words, determines when it expects to receive the fourth measurement frame sent from the second device and how much time-frequency deviation the UWB signal in the second measurement frame has.
  • the initial synchronization between the first and second devices is completed.
  • the NB module of the second device can configure or preset a certain transmission time interval (Tinterval), and its UWB module can send the fourth measurement frame to the UWB module of the first device.
  • Tinterval transmission time interval
  • the first device adjusts the clock timing based on the CFO1 measured by receiving the third measurement frame, for example, changing Tinterval to Tinterval ⁇ (1 - CFO2), to perform timing synchronization at the receiving end.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the first and second measurement frames provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the third and fourth measurement frames can be referenced to Figure 5.
  • the first measurement frame can be an SLE frame
  • the second measurement frame can be an SLP frame.
  • the first measurement frame may include the NB signal and provide initial time-frequency synchronization information to assist the second measurement frame in ranging.
  • the first measurement frame may also carry configuration information for the second measurement frame.
  • the second measurement frame can consist of a SYNC field and a Channel Impulse Response Training Sequence (CTS) field.
  • the SYNC field is used to perform further precise time-frequency synchronization (also known as fine synchronization) of the UWB signal, that is, to complete the time-frequency synchronization of the UWB signal based on the time-frequency synchronization of the NB signal.
  • the CTS is used to calculate the Channel Impulse Response (CIR) and complete the ranging. There can be a certain time interval (Tinterval) between the transmission of the first and second measurement frames.
  • the SYNC field is also called the synchronization field
  • the Channel Impulse Response Training Sequence (CTS) field is also called the measurement field.
  • the time interval (Tinterval) can be a pre-configured value associated with the switching capability of the first device, the interaction capability between modules, etc., for example, it can be 10 ⁇ s.
  • the time intervals set for different devices can be the same or different.
  • the value of the time interval between the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame can be different from the value of the time interval (Tinterval) shown in Figure 5.
  • Tinterval can be the time interval from clearing/latching the MAC counter in an ultra-wideband system to the start of TX, and its unit is chip.
  • chip represents the duration of one pulse in the ultra-wideband system. Its parameters can be as follows:
  • Tmax can be required to be no more than N1 ms (e.g., 10ms).
  • Tinterval can be no less than 1000 RSTU (833us in total), i.e., 416000 chips. Tmin will be adjusted based on actual measurements. This parameter needs to be set to configurable, and the specific time is determined by the pre-configuration of the first or second device, for example, by configuring messages/cells through ultra-wideband pulse measurement.
  • the timing synchronization requirement for UWB signals must be less than 1 ns.
  • timing/frequency synchronization with the following accuracies is required: timing accuracy requirement ⁇ X ns and residual frequency offset accuracy requirement ⁇ Y ppm.
  • the measurement frame performs both time and frequency synchronization through a synchronization signal (such as existing measurement frame types 1 and 3), or the measurement frame only contains measurement signals that can be used for frequency synchronization but not signals used for time synchronization (such as existing measurement frame type 2), meaning that the requirements for timing deviation and residual frequency offset in initial synchronization cannot be met simultaneously.
  • the residual frequency offset measured through the synchronization signal field is greater than Yppm because the synchronization signal field can be generated based on the Logical Link Identifier (SLE) or the Access Address.
  • the synchronization signal field (synchronization signal 1) in the SLE based on the 24-bit logical link identifier, is generated into a 32-bit signal after BCH encoding and m-sequence scrambling, and then modulated by GFSK to generate a synchronization signal consisting of 32 symbols.
  • the generation process of the synchronization signal uses m-sequence scrambling to ensure that the synchronization signal has a certain whitening characteristic, but it cannot guarantee that the synchronization signal will necessarily have good correlation characteristics, that is, it cannot guarantee that the synchronization signal will have excellent frequency offset estimation accuracy and excellent synchronization characteristics.
  • Actual measurements show that the residual frequency offset error of the synchronization signal is large, which cannot meet the residual frequency offset error requirements of the ultra-wideband receiver input and cannot meet the simplified design requirements of the ultra-wideband receiver. For example, when the residual frequency offset error is too large, the correlator design used for ultra-wideband frequency offset estimation will be too complex, and the frequency offset estimation will be too time-consuming.
  • a frame structure for a narrowband signal measurement frame (such as the first and third measurement frames described above) used for initial synchronization.
  • This narrowband signal measurement frame includes a first narrowband signal and a second narrowband signal.
  • the first narrowband signal is used to measure the timing deviation between a first device and a second device, and may include, for example, the aforementioned synchronization signal.
  • the second narrowband signal is used to measure the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, and may include, for example, at least one of the following measurement signals: an unmodulated carrier signal (also known as a single-tone/single-frequency sine wave signal), a phase-rotated binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signal ( ⁇ /2-BPSK), or a phase-unrotated BPSK signal, an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • the first narrowband signal can also measure the frequency deviation between the first device and the second device, but the accuracy of the frequency deviation estimate obtained by the first narrowband signal is lower than that of the second narrowband signal.
  • the reception time and reception frequency of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame between the first device and the second device can be determined, thereby measuring the distance or time of flight between the first device and the second device.
  • the narrowband signal measurement frame shown in the embodiments of this application can also be defined as measurement frame type 4.
  • frequency deviation is measured using a dedicated second narrowband signal, instead of using a synchronization signal to measure frequency deviation as is currently the case, resulting in higher accuracy of the final frequency deviation.
  • the time-frequency synchronization accuracy of the initial synchronization of the NB module in the device increases, the time-frequency synchronization accuracy requirement of the UWB module during fine synchronization can be reduced. Consequently, when designing the receiver synchronization module in the UWB module, the margin required for fine synchronization is reduced, and the structural design of the synchronization module is simpler.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a narrowband signal measurement frame provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the narrowband signal measurement frame may include a time synchronization frame and a frequency offset estimation frame.
  • the time synchronization frame may be used for time synchronization or may include a first narrowband signal for time synchronization
  • the frequency offset estimation frame may be used for frequency offset estimation or may include a second narrowband signal for frequency synchronization.
  • a switching interval may be included between the time synchronization frame and the frequency offset estimation frame. It is worth noting that the terms "time synchronization frame” and "frequency offset estimation frame” are merely illustrative, and this application does not limit the naming of the various parts of the frame structure.
  • the time synchronization frame, or the first narrowband signal may include a preamble field, a synchronization signal field, and an equalization protection field.
  • the preamble signal may be a sequence of alternating [0, 1] digits using GFSK modulation
  • the synchronization signal uses PSK modulation
  • the preamble signal may be a sequence of alternating [0, 1] digits using BPSK modulation without phase rotation.
  • the preamble signal length may be 10 ⁇ s
  • the synchronization signal length may be 32 bits
  • the equalization protection length may be 4 bits.
  • the absolute time occupied by the preamble signal can remain constant for different signal bandwidths.
  • the synchronization signal field can be generated based on the Logical Link Identifier (SLE) or the Access Address.
  • SLE Logical Link Identifier
  • the synchronization signal field (synchronization signal 1) in the SLE is based on the 24-bit Logical Link Identifier, which is then encoded using BCH and scrambled with an m-sequence to generate 32 bits. After GFSK modulation, a synchronization signal consisting of 32 symbols is generated.
  • the equalization protection sequence can be "0101" when the last bit of the synchronization signal is "1", and "1010” when the last bit of the synchronization signal is "0".
  • the frequency offset estimation frame, or the second narrowband signal can be a measurement signal.
  • the measurement signal can be a narrowband single-carrier signal, such as the unmodulated carrier signal transmitted through the 1MHz/2MHz/4MHz channel of StarSpark SLE (also known as a single-tone signal/single-frequency sine wave), or the OFDM signal of StarSpark SLB/WiFi, or at least one of the following measurement signals: a single-frequency sine wave signal, a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signal with no phase rotation, or with ⁇ /2, ⁇ /4, or ⁇ /8 rotation, an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) signal, and a multi-tone signal.
  • the length of the measurement signal is configurable, with options such as 16/32/64/128/256/512/1024/2048 bits.
  • a ⁇ sub> i ⁇ /sub> is the amplitude and ⁇ sub> i ⁇ /sub> is the frequency (baseband). This is the initial phase.
  • the multi-tone signal is equivalent to a single-tone signal.
  • the generation and modulation of the multi-tone signal are independent.
  • the baseband multi-tone signal can be converted into a radio frequency multi-tone signal by analog circuitry and then emitted.
  • the maximum frequency difference between the baseband multi-tone signal and 0Hz is MAX(abs( ⁇ i )), which is determined by the bandwidth of SLE.
  • the measurement signal when the measurement signal is a BPSK, Pi/2-BPSK, Pi/4-QPSK or Pi/8-8PSK without phase rotation, it can be further encoded by a pseudo-random sequence to further improve security and enhance the accuracy of frequency offset measurement, especially the accuracy of frequency offset measurement under interference.
  • a switching interval is inserted between the equalization protection field and the measurement signal. This ensures that the waveforms of the synchronization signals transmitted by the transmitter and receiver are more accurate and stable.
  • the switching interval is also used for multipath protection of the measurement signal, preventing multipath delay interference from the equalization protection field from affecting the accurate demodulation and measurement of the measurement signal.
  • the synchronization signal is in time before the measurement signal, or in other words, the first narrowband signal used for time synchronization is in time before the second narrowband signal used for frequency synchronization.
  • the synchronization signal needs to be aligned on the time symbol of the narrowband first, while the measurement signal needs to be sampled more precisely, so it needs to be synchronized for less than one time symbol. Therefore, time synchronization needs to be done first and then frequency synchronization needs to be done.
  • narrowband signal measurement frame shown in Figure 6 is only an example.
  • the narrowband signal measurement frame used in this application can also be used for SLE measurement frames and BLE measurement frames for initial synchronization to reduce residual frequency offset and meet the initial synchronization requirements of UWB/SLP.
  • This application significantly improves the accuracy of frequency offset measurement during initial synchronization by introducing the measurement signal shown in Figure 6, thereby reducing the design complexity of fine frequency offset estimation using ultra-wideband signal measurement frames.
  • the measurement signal field uses known signals such as BPSK with unmodulated carrier or pseudo-random sequence scrambling as the measurement signal, which greatly improves the accuracy of frequency offset estimation, reduces residual frequency offset error, and thus simplifies the complexity of frequency synchronization in ultra-wideband receivers.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of the interaction of UWB signal measurement frames during the initial synchronization process.
  • the NB module of the first device first sends a first measurement frame to the NB module of the second device.
  • the NB module of the first device sends a synchronization signal to the UWB module of the first device to instruct/trigger the UWB module of the first device to start the countdown for sending the second measurement frame at a first time interval T.
  • it instructs/triggers the UWB module to send the second measurement frame to the UWB module of the second device after the first time interval T has elapsed.
  • the NB module of the second device receives the first measurement frame, measures the first measurement frame, obtains the timing deviation and frequency deviation CFO1 between the first and second devices, and instructs/triggers the UWB module to start the countdown for receiving the second measurement frame according to the second time interval T interval * (1-CFO1), or in other words, instructs/triggers the UWB module to receive the second measurement frame after the second time interval T interval * (1-CFO1).
  • the second device sends a third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the NB module of the second device sends a synchronization signal to the UWB module of the second device, instructing/triggering the UWB module to start the countdown for sending the fourth measurement frame at time interval T interval . In other words, it instructs/triggers the UWB module to send the fourth measurement frame to the UWB module of the first device after the time interval T has elapsed.
  • the NB module of the first device After receiving the third measurement frame, the NB module of the first device records the timing synchronization of the reception and obtains CFO2 relative to the second device, and instructs/triggers the UWB module to start the countdown for receiving the fourth measurement frame at time interval T * (1-CFO2). In other words, it instructs/triggers the UWB module to receive the fourth measurement frame after time interval T * (1-CFO2).
  • CFO1 in Figure 7 is the frequency offset estimate relative to the first device measured by the second device, denoted as f resp - f init , where f resp and f init are the carrier frequency values of the second and first devices, respectively.
  • CFO2 in Figure 7 is the frequency offset estimate relative to the second device measured by the first device, denoted as f init - f resp .
  • Both CFO1 and CFO2 are signed frequency offset estimates, and (1-CFO1) or (1-CFO2) represents the scaling ratio of the inter-frame interval T interval for the narrowband measurement frame and the ultra-wideband measurement frame for the second and first devices, respectively.
  • the timing deviation when the first or second device receives a narrowband signal measurement frame, the timing deviation is defined as the difference between the start or end time of the narrowband signal measurement frame scheduled by the transmitting end and the start or end time of the narrowband signal measurement frame actually received by the receiving end.
  • the difference between the start and end times of the narrowband signal measurement frame is the frame duration of the narrowband signal measurement frame.
  • Figure 7(b) illustrates the timing deviation and the determination of the second measurement frame scheduling time.
  • the first device starts sending the first measurement frame at time Ta and ends sending the first measurement frame at time (Ta+m), where m is the frame duration of the first measurement frame.
  • the second device starts receiving the first measurement frame at time Tb and ends receiving the first measurement frame at time (Tb+m).
  • the dashed line in the figure represents the time period during which the second device actually receives the first measurement frame.
  • the second device can measure the first measurement frame to obtain the timing deviation between the first and second devices, which is (Tb-Ta).
  • the second device can also correlate the first measurement frame with the local sequence to obtain the value of Ta, and then determine the specific value of Tb based on the value of Ta and the timing deviation, which is the time when the second device actually starts receiving the first measurement frame.
  • the first device After sending the first measurement frame at time Ta, it starts sending the second measurement frame to the second device at time Tc after the aforementioned time interval T.
  • the second device after determining the actual reception time Tb of the first measurement frame, the second device weights the carrier frequency offset (CFO) obtained from measuring the first measurement frame with the aforementioned time interval T, for example, T interval * (1-CFO1) as mentioned above, to determine the second time interval, that is, the second time interval is obtained by weighting the first time interval and CFO1. Then, after the actual reception time Tb of the first measurement frame, the second device determines the reception time of the second measurement frame as time Tc after the second time interval, that is, it starts receiving the second measurement frame from time Tc, thus achieving time synchronization.
  • CFO carrier frequency offset
  • time Tc is the transmission time of the second measurement frame scheduled by the first device, and it is also an illustrative illustration of the reception time of the second measurement frame scheduled by the second device.
  • the time after the waiting interval T interval * (1-CFO1) scheduled by the second device is the actual reception time of the second measurement frame that the second device starts searching for.
  • the first device and the second device may pre-agree on the timing reference point (or narrowband timing reference point) of the transmitted/received narrowband signal measurement frames.
  • the timing reference point represents the start time of the time intervals T interval , T interval *(1-CFO1) shown in Figure 7, which can be the beginning, end, or a point in time within the narrowband signal measurement frame.
  • "*" represents a multiplication sign.
  • the end time of the synchronization signal field within the narrowband signal measurement frame can be used as the timing reference point.
  • this offers the advantage of precise timing. This is because the receiving device of the narrowband signal measurement frame immediately begins receiving the ultra-wideband measurement frame after completing timing synchronization based on the synchronization signal field. This helps avoid inaccuracies in timing from the end time of the synchronization signal field to the end time of the frame due to clock deviations between the transmitting and receiving devices.
  • the position of the synchronization signal field in the narrowband signal measurement frame can be seen in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 7(c) illustrates a schematic diagram of transmitting/receiving a first measurement frame based on a timing reference point.
  • Td and Td' (corresponding to the times indicated by the arrows in the figure) can represent the end times of the synchronization signal field when the first device transmits the first measurement frame and the end times of the synchronization signal field when the second device receives the first measurement frame, respectively. That is, the end time of the synchronization signal field of the first measurement frame is used as the timing reference point for timing synchronization.
  • the first device transmits the second measurement frame after time Td
  • the second device receives the second measurement frame after time Td', after time T * (1-CFO1). Since the third measurement frame has the same frame structure as the first measurement frame, the end time of the synchronization signal field of the third measurement frame can also be used as the timing reference point for timing synchronization, which will not be elaborated upon in this paper.
  • the second device determines the receiving frequency of the second measurement frame based on the frequency deviation obtained from the first measurement frame.
  • the second device can determine the receiving time and receiving frequency of the second measurement frame based on the timing deviation and frequency deviation obtained from the first measurement frame.
  • the scheduling process for the third and fourth measurement frames can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated here.
  • the inter-frame interval between the first and third measurement frames indirectly determines the inter-frame interval between the second and fourth measurement frames. Therefore, the inter-frame interval between the first and third measurement frames should be configured during the narrowband measurement parameter configuration stage.
  • the inter-frame interval of the measurement frames of the first and second devices, as shown in Figure 6 is configured through the narrowband frequency hopping measurement signal configuration message. This aspect will be described in Table 2 when introducing Embodiment 1 below.
  • the measurement frame type event on a single frequency point can be configured using an initialization phase event. If an initialization phase exists in the configuration event group, the first event in each event group is called the initialization phase event, in which the first device and the second device transmit according to the rules determined by the interaction type of the initialization phase.
  • the frame structure of the narrowband signal measurement frame provided in this application and its process for assisting ultra-wideband signal interaction have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • a more accurate frequency synchronization deviation CFO
  • the reception time of the second or fourth measurement frame can be determined based on the time interval calculated by weighting the reception time of the first or third measurement frame and the CFO.
  • the reception frequency of the second or fourth measurement frame can be determined according to the CFO.
  • the more accurate CFO obtained in this application embodiment allows for more accurate reception times and frequencies of ultra-wideband signal measurement frames (such as the second and fourth measurement frames). This simplifies the fine synchronization process of ultra-wideband signal measurement frames, thereby simplifying the design of the UWB module.
  • both the narrowband signal measurement frame interaction and the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame ranging process are bidirectional interactive processes.
  • the bidirectional interaction process of the narrowband signal measurement frame can also be performed multiple times. For example, using the frequency hopping map mentioned above or a preset channel measurement sequence, the NB module of the first device and the NB module of the second device can perform bidirectional interaction of the first measurement frame and the third measurement frame on channels at multiple frequency points. The reason is that if only one frequency point is used for the initial measurement of time-frequency synchronization deviation, the time-frequency synchronization accuracy will be low due to interference or frequency selective fading. If multiple frequency points are measured by frequency hopping, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization measurement can be guaranteed even in the event of partial channel interference or frequency selective fading.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of multi-frequency interaction of narrowband signal measurement frames provided by the prior art.
  • the first device and the second device perform bidirectional interaction of the first measurement frame and the third measurement frame through channels #1 to #3. Specifically, on each frequency point, the first device, as the initiating node, sends the first measurement frame to the second device, i.e., the responding node, through narrowband. After receiving the first measurement frame sent by the first device, the second device sends or replies with the third measurement frame to the first device through narrowband, thereby completing the bidirectional interaction of narrowband signal measurement frames between the first device and the second device on the same frequency point.
  • the second device should listen for all first measurement frames on channels #1 to #3, and only after successfully receiving the first measurement frame on at least one frequency point will it send the third measurement frame to the first device. If the first device receives the third measurement frame from the second device on at least one frequency point, the remaining first measurement frame interaction steps can be ignored, i.e., the bidirectional interaction process on the remaining frequency points is stopped.
  • Example 1 the first and second devices perform bidirectional synchronous measurements on a specified number of measurement channels, or in other words, traverse a pre-specified set of channel frequencies. This reduces the bidirectional synchronous measurement time compared to performing bidirectional synchronous measurements on all channels as shown in Figure 8.
  • the number of measurement channels N can be specified in advance.
  • the first and second devices can perform bidirectional synchronous measurements on a specified number of channels.
  • this application can directly provide a set of channel numbers (or frequency point numbers) in the signaling.
  • Table 2 shows the specified N channels, and Table 2 may also include the configured measurement frame interval.
  • the number of measurement frequency points N can indicate how many measurement channel number subfields are specifically included in the measurement channel number field.
  • Each measurement channel number subfield represents the number of a channel used for bidirectional synchronous measurement in the initial synchronization phase of an ultra-wideband system.
  • N can be set to 4, and the measurement channel numbers 1 to N indicate the channel numbers 10, 30, 50, and 70, respectively.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of bidirectional interaction on N channels provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the second device receives a first measurement frame from the first device and sends a third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the first device receives the third measurement frame and performs the measurement.
  • the bidirectional interaction between the first and second devices is successful; that is, both the first and second devices successfully receive the narrowband signal measurement frame and perform the measurement to obtain the time-frequency deviation.
  • the first and second devices also successfully interact on channel #N-1.
  • the second device receives the first measurement frame from the first device and sends a third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the first device may not receive the third measurement frame due to interference or channel fading, thus causing the bidirectional interaction between the first and second devices to fail on channel #2.
  • the second device may not receive the first measurement frame from the first device due to interference or channel fading, and therefore may not send the third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the first device and the second device may successfully interact bidirectionally on some of the channels, meaning they both receive narrowband signal measurement frames and measure the time-frequency synchronization deviation. However, on other channels, the bidirectional interaction between the first device and the second device may fail.
  • the stopping condition for bidirectional interaction can be that the limit on the number of channel frequency points is reached before ending, that is, the bidirectional interaction stops only after the number of frequency hopping channels reaches the aforementioned N, and does not end after only one successful interaction.
  • the time-frequency synchronization information finally determined by the first and second devices can be determined according to the time-frequency synchronization information obtained from the last successful measurement, or according to the average result of the time-frequency synchronization information obtained from multiple successful bidirectional interactions.
  • the reception time and reception frequency of the UWB module for receiving the second measurement frame are determined according to the last successful interaction or the average result of multiple successful interactions.
  • the first and second devices determine the reception time and reception frequency of the second measurement frame based on this final synchronization information and the preset T interval .
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a bidirectional interactive termination provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the first device and the second device successfully interact bidirectionally on the last channel (i.e., the Nth channel) of the aforementioned N channels.
  • the first device and the second device can determine the reception time and reception frequency of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frames (e.g., the second measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame) through the process shown in Figure 4.
  • the determination method can be referred to the description of Figure 4.
  • the second device determines the reception time and reception frequency of the second measurement frame based on the determined reception time of the first measurement frame on channel #N and the frequency deviation CFO obtained from measuring the first measurement frame; the first device determines the reception time and reception frequency of the fourth measurement frame based on the determined reception time of the third measurement frame on channel #N and the frequency deviation CFO obtained from measuring the third measurement frame.
  • embodiments of this application can determine the expected reception time of the first measurement frame and the expected transmission time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel by using the reception time of the first measurement frame and the transmission time of the third measurement frame obtained on a channel with successful bidirectional interaction. For example, on channels #1 and #M, the second device determines that it receives the first measurement frame after xns after starting measurement or after hopping to the current channel, or the second device determines that it receives the first measurement frame after yns after the transmission time of the first measurement frame. Therefore, the second device can determine the expected reception time of the first measurement frame on the Nth channel based on the above synchronization information.
  • the second device transmits the third measurement frame after zns after the reception time of the first measurement frame. Therefore, the second device can determine the expected transmission time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel based on the above information. Similarly, the first device can also determine the expected reception time of the third measurement frame on the Nth channel.
  • the first and second devices can also obtain the final time-frequency synchronization deviation for determining the reception time of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame based on the time-frequency synchronization deviation measured on channel #1 and channel #M, such as taking the average of multiple time-frequency synchronization deviations or one of the minimum values as the final time-frequency synchronization deviation.
  • the above process infers the synchronization information on the Nth channel using synchronization information from multiple successfully bidirectionally interacting channels.
  • the synchronization information on the Nth channel can also be inferred using only the synchronization information from the last successfully interacting channel.
  • the expected reception time of the first measurement frame, the expected transmission time of the third measurement frame, and the final time-frequency synchronization deviation on the Nth channel can be determined solely based on the reception time of the first measurement frame on channel #M, the transmission time of the third measurement frame, and the measured time-frequency synchronization deviation.
  • the first device can hop to channel #N+1 and send a final synchronization information indication to the second device.
  • the final synchronization information indication may include information such as the time-frequency synchronization deviation determined by the first device. Then, after receiving the final synchronization information indication, the second device replies with an acknowledgment frame to the first device.
  • the reception time and reception frequency of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frames can be determined according to the synchronization information on the Nth channel (the transmission and reception times of the first measurement frame, the transmission and reception times of the third measurement frame, and the time-frequency synchronization deviation), as shown in Figure 7.
  • the expected synchronization information on the Nth channel (the expected reception time of the first measurement frame, the expected transmission and reception times of the third measurement frame, and the final time-frequency synchronization deviation) can be inferred from the synchronization information on one or more channels where the bidirectional interaction is successful (the transmission and reception times of the first and third measurement frames, and the time-frequency synchronization deviation), thereby determining the reception time and reception frequency of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frames (the second and fourth measurement frames).
  • the expected reception time of the first measurement frame and the expected transmission and reception times of the third measurement frame can be calculated by reasoning based on the end times of the synchronization signals of the first and third measurement frames in the N channels.
  • the process of determining the reception time of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame can be referred to the description in Figure 7, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first or second device determines whether further transmission of the first measurement frame or bidirectional interaction is necessary based on the received quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a schematic flowchart of bidirectional interaction provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the first device sends a first measurement frame to the second device on channel #1.
  • the second device determines on channel #1 that the reception quality of the received first measurement frame meets the requirements.
  • the second device sets the reception time and reception frequency of the second measurement frame on channel #1 and sends a third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the first device continues to send the first measurement frame to the second device after hopping to channel #2.
  • the second device After the second device receives a first measurement frame that meets the reception quality requirements on the current channel, it determines the reception time and frequency of the second measurement frame based on the time-frequency deviation obtained from measuring the first measurement frame, and then sends a third measurement frame to the first device. If the first device does not receive the third measurement frame from the second device on the current channel, or if the received third measurement frame does not meet the reception quality requirements, it will hop to the next channel and continue sending the first measurement frame to the second device.
  • the first device sends a first measurement frame to the second device on channel #2.
  • the second device After the second device determines on channel #2 that the reception quality of the received first measurement frame does not meet the requirements, the second device will not reply with a third measurement frame to the first device on channel #2.
  • the second device may also not reply with a third measurement frame because it has not received the first measurement frame on channel #3.
  • the first device determines that it has not received the first measurement frame from the second device on the current channel. Then, after hopping to channel #3 or channel #4, the first device continues to send the first measurement frame to the second device.
  • the second device if the second device does not receive the first measurement frame from the first device on the current channel, or if the received first measurement frame does not meet the reception quality requirements, it will not send a third measurement frame to the first device on the current channel. Furthermore, after the first device does not receive the third measurement frame from the second device on the current channel, it will continue to send the first measurement frame to the second device when hopping to the next channel.
  • the first device sends a first measurement frame to the second device on channel #4.
  • the second device determines on channel #4 that the reception quality of the received first measurement frame meets the requirements. Then, based on the time-frequency deviation obtained from measuring the first measurement frame, the second device resets the reception time and reception frequency of the second measurement frame on channel #4 and sends a third measurement frame to the first device.
  • the first device determines the reception time and reception frequency of the fourth measurement frame based on the time-frequency deviation obtained from measuring the third measurement frame, and determines that the bidirectional interaction between the first device and the second device has ended.
  • the frame interval between the narrowband signal measurement frames transmitted by the first and second devices needs to be increased by T1, where T1 is the time required for the second device to determine the reception quality of the first measurement frame.
  • the first device after receiving the third measurement frame from the second device, the first device also needs to determine whether to continue transmitting the first measurement frame when hopping to the next channel. Therefore, the frequency hopping time of the first and second devices also needs to be increased by T2, where T2 is the time required for the first device to determine the reception quality of the third measurement frame.
  • T1 and T2 can be indicated in the initial synchronization capability of the first and second devices, so that the first and second devices can determine the inter-frame interval and frequency hopping time of the narrowband signal measurement frames in the initial synchronization through ranging negotiation.
  • the measurement synchronization requirement must satisfy the following: the interval between the start times of coarse synchronization and fine synchronization, T ⁇ sub>initerval ⁇ /sub>, must be greater than T ⁇ sub>sc ⁇ /sub> ⁇ K.
  • T ⁇ sub>sc ⁇ /sub> represents the duration of bidirectional interaction of narrowband signal measurement frames on a single-frequency channel
  • K is the number of frequency points involved in bidirectional interaction.
  • Tsc Narrowband signal measurement frame duration x 2 + interactive handover interval + frequency hopping channel handover duration.
  • the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame shown in Figure 6 can include at least one of the following quality assessment methods:
  • embodiments of this application can evaluate the reception quality of a narrowband signal measurement frame based on the reception quality of its synchronization signal. For instance, a first or second device can detect and verify the logical link identifier (or access address) of the narrowband signal measurement frame to evaluate the reception quality of the synchronization signal. If one or more bit errors are found in the synchronization signal field of the narrowband signal measurement frame after verification, the reception quality of the synchronization signal can be considered average or poor, i.e., the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame is average or poor. If there are no bit errors in the synchronization signal field of the narrowband signal measurement frame, the reception quality of the synchronization signal is considered to meet the requirements, i.e., the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame meets the requirements.
  • embodiments of this application can evaluate the reception quality of a narrowband signal measurement frame based on its RSSI/SNR/SINR. For instance, when the RSSI/SNR/SINR of the narrowband signal measurement frame is lower than a preset threshold or the synchronization signal SNR is low (low correlation peak), the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame is considered to be average or poor.
  • embodiments of this application can evaluate the reception quality of a narrowband signal measurement frame based on the received strength of the measurement signal field (frequency offset estimation frame as shown in FIG. 6). For instance, if the received strength of the measurement signal field (frequency offset estimation frame as shown in FIG. 6) is lower than a preset threshold, the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame is considered to be average or poor.
  • embodiments of this application can also determine the reception quality of narrowband signal measurement frames based on carrier frequency offset (CFO) information measured for synchronization signals and/or measurement signals. For instance, by comparing the CFO value measured by the second device with the CFO value locally measured by the first device, if the difference is higher than a preset threshold, it can also be used to determine that the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frame is poor.
  • CFO carrier frequency offset
  • This application proposes that, based on the reception quality and whether the narrowband signal measurement frame is received, the second device determines whether to transmit a third measurement frame on the current channel, or the first device determines whether to continue transmitting the first measurement frame on the next channel. This not only ensures that the initial synchronization accuracy meets the initial synchronization requirements for ultra-wideband signal measurement frames, but also avoids the shortcomings of relying solely on the first device to determine the measurement result. In other words, even when the interference levels of the first and second devices differ, the reception quality of the narrowband signal measurement frames for both devices is guaranteed.
  • FIG 11 shows a schematic flowchart of the bidirectional interaction termination provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the first device stops transmitting the first measurement frame on the subsequent M channels. That is, by not transmitting the first measurement frame, the first device instructs the second device to stop performing frequency hopping measurements. Furthermore, if the second device does not receive the first measurement frame on M consecutive channels, it stops listening for the first measurement frame of bidirectional synchronization; otherwise, the second device always maintains the state of frequency hopping and listening for the first measurement frame.
  • the number M of empty interaction channels between the first device and the second device represents: the number of channels in which the first device continuously does not send the first measurement frame during the initial synchronization, and the number of channels in which the second device continuously does not receive the first measurement frame from the first device, M ⁇ 1.
  • Setting M>1 helps the second device handle missed detections. For example, if the first device sends a first measurement frame to the second device on channel #4, but the second device fails to receive the measurement frame on channel #4 due to frequency selective fading or interference, the second device cannot determine why it did not receive the first measurement frame on channel #4. That is, it cannot determine whether the first device actually sent the first measurement frame and the second device did not receive it, or whether the first device intentionally did not send the first measurement frame. Setting M>1 helps avoid situations where the first device sends the first measurement frame but the second device fails to receive it due to frequency selectivity/interference.
  • the first device will not transmit the first measurement frame on at least one consecutive channel after frequency hopping.
  • the bidirectional interaction is considered to have ended.
  • explicit signaling notification is avoided.
  • this application stops subsequent bidirectional interaction after both devices receive the first measurement frame that meets the reception quality requirements on the same channel, significantly shortening the switching interval between the first and second measurement frames.
  • Figure 12(b) illustrates a scenario where the first device sends an explicit signaling notification on the channel to indicate that the bidirectional interaction for initial synchronization between the first and second devices has been successful.
  • the first device may send a frame on channel #5 to configure negotiation of initial synchronization, which includes information indicating that initial synchronization has been completed.
  • the second device replies with an acknowledgment frame.
  • the method for determining the time-frequency synchronization deviation at multiple frequency points can be that the first and second devices measure the time-frequency synchronization deviation based on the last complete channel synchronization interaction (e.g., channel #4 shown in Figures 11 and 12) and determine the reception time and frequency of the received ultra-wideband signal measurement frame.
  • the specific determination process can be referred to the description in Figure 7, which will not be elaborated upon here.
  • the communication device such as the first device or the second device, may include hardware structures and/or software modules, implementing the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules. Whether a particular function is executed in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1300 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 1300 can be a first device or a second device, or a chip or module in a device such as a first device or a second device, used to implement the method involved in the above embodiments.
  • the communication device 1300 includes a transceiver unit 1310 and a processing unit 1320.
  • the transceiver unit 1310 will be described exemplarily below.
  • the transceiver unit 1310 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.
  • the transmitting unit is used to perform the transmitting action of the communication device
  • the receiving unit is used to perform the receiving action of the communication device.
  • the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are combined into one transceiver unit in this embodiment. This will be explained uniformly here and will not be repeated later.
  • the processing unit 1320 is used to generate a first measurement frame
  • the transceiver unit 1310 is used to send the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband
  • the transceiver unit 1310 is configured to receive a first measurement frame from the first device via narrowband and to receive a second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband.
  • the communication device 1300 is a first device or a second device, it will be responsible for executing the methods or steps related to the first device or the second device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1300 further includes a storage unit (not shown in the figure) for storing programs or code for performing the aforementioned methods.
  • FIG 14 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1400 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and a communication interface 1420, which can be interconnected via a bus 1430.
  • the communication device 1400 may be a first device or a second device, etc., that executes the interaction flow shown in Figures 9 to 12.
  • the communication device 1400 may also include a memory 1440.
  • the memory 1440 includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), which is used to store related instructions and data.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • Processor 1410 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs). When processor 1410 is a CPU, the CPU can be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.
  • CPUs central processing units
  • the processor 1410 is used to generate a first measurement frame
  • the communication interface 1620 is used to send the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband
  • the communication interface 1420 is used to receive a first measurement frame from the first device via narrowband and to receive a second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband.
  • the communication device 1400 When the communication device 1400 is a first device or a second device, it will be responsible for executing the methods or steps related to the first device or the second device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1500 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 1500 is used to implement the functions of a first device or a second device.
  • the communication device 1500 may be a chip in the first device or the second device.
  • the communication device 1500 includes an input/output interface 1520 and a processor 1510.
  • the input/output interface 1520 may be an input/output circuit.
  • the processor 1510 may be a signal processor, a chip, or other integrated circuit capable of implementing the methods of this application.
  • the input/output interface 1520 is used for inputting or outputting signals or data.
  • the processor 1510 is used to generate a first measurement frame
  • the input/output interface 1520 is used to send the first measurement frame to the second device via narrowband, and to send a second measurement frame to the second device via ultra-wideband.
  • the input/output interface 1520 is configured to receive a first measurement frame from the first device via narrowband and to receive a second measurement frame from the first device via ultra-wideband.
  • the processor 1510 executes instructions stored in memory to perform the functions of the first or second device.
  • the communication device 1500 may also include a memory.
  • processor and memory are integrated together.
  • the memory is located outside the communication device 1500.
  • processor 1510 can be a logic circuit, which inputs/outputs messages or signaling through input/output interface 1520.
  • the logic circuit can be a signal processor, a chip, or other integrated circuit that can implement the methods of the embodiments of this application.
  • the above description of the communication device 1500 is merely an exemplary description.
  • the communication device 1500 can be used to perform the methods described in the foregoing embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the memory is located outside the communication device 1500.
  • device 1500 can be chip system 1600.
  • FIG 16 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1600 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the chip system 1600 (or may also be called a processing system) includes logic circuitry 1610 (i.e., processor 1510) and input/output interface 1620.
  • the logic circuit 1610 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1600.
  • the logic circuit 1610 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 1600 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application.
  • the input/output interface 1620 can be an input/output circuit in the chip system 1600, outputting processed information from the chip system 1600, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1600 for processing.
  • the chip system 1600 is used to implement the operations performed by the first device or the second device in the various method embodiments described above.
  • input/output interface 1620 is used to implement the sending and/or receiving related operations performed by the first device or the second device in the above method embodiments.
  • the above description of the communication device is merely an exemplary description.
  • the communication device can be used to perform the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • This application also provides a chip, including a processor, for calling and executing instructions stored in a memory, causing a communication device on which the chip is installed to perform the methods in the examples above.
  • This application also provides a chip, including: an input interface, an output interface, and a processor.
  • the input interface, the output interface, and the processor are connected via an internal connection path.
  • the processor is used to execute code in a memory. When the code is executed, the processor is used to perform the methods described in the examples above.
  • the chip further includes a memory for storing computer programs or code.
  • This application also provides a processor for coupling with a memory for performing the methods and functions involving the first or second device in any of the above embodiments.
  • This application provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, implement the methods of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • This application also provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, enables the implementation of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a computer, implements the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate.
  • the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the technical objectives of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various method embodiments of this application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente demande concerne un procédé de communication et un appareil de communication. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un premier dispositif génère une première trame de mesure, la première trame de mesure comprenant un premier signal à bande étroite et un second signal à bande étroite, le premier signal à bande étroite mesurant un écart de synchronisation entre le premier dispositif et un second dispositif, et le second signal à bande étroite mesurant un écart de fréquence entre le premier dispositif et le second dispositif ; le premier dispositif envoie la première trame de mesure au second dispositif au moyen d'une bande étroite ; et le premier dispositif envoie une seconde trame de mesure au second dispositif au moyen d'une bande ultra-large, l'écart de synchronisation et l'écart de fréquence étant utilisés pour déterminer un moment et une fréquence auxquels le second dispositif reçoit la seconde trame de mesure, et la seconde trame de mesure mesurant la distance ou le temps de vol entre le premier dispositif et le second dispositif au moyen d'un signal à bande ultra-large. Au moyen de l'amélioration de la précision de synchronisation temps-fréquence de trames de mesure de signal à bande étroite, la présente demande simplifie les processus de synchronisation temps-fréquence de trames de mesure de signal à bande ultra-large et la conception de modules de synchronisation.
PCT/CN2025/098303 2024-06-05 2025-05-30 Procédé de communication et appareil de communication Pending WO2025252019A1 (fr)

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CN114449660A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2022-05-06 苹果公司 用于混合的超宽带和窄带信令的技术
CN116846427A (zh) * 2022-03-25 2023-10-03 华为技术有限公司 超宽带信号同步的方法和通信装置
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CN1833182A (zh) * 2003-08-01 2006-09-13 英特尔公司 在无线通信环境中用于精确测距的设备和相关方法
CN101507192A (zh) * 2006-09-01 2009-08-12 松下电器产业株式会社 无线通信方法和无线通信装置
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