WO2026018196A2 - Système et procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone à partir d'un mélange aériforme - Google Patents

Système et procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone à partir d'un mélange aériforme

Info

Publication number
WO2026018196A2
WO2026018196A2 PCT/IB2025/057251 IB2025057251W WO2026018196A2 WO 2026018196 A2 WO2026018196 A2 WO 2026018196A2 IB 2025057251 W IB2025057251 W IB 2025057251W WO 2026018196 A2 WO2026018196 A2 WO 2026018196A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
chamber
threshold value
carbon dioxide
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/IB2025/057251
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2026018196A3 (fr
Inventor
Francesco Rossi
Giuliano ANTONICIELLO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carpecarbon Benefit Srl Soc
Original Assignee
Carpecarbon Benefit Srl Soc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carpecarbon Benefit Srl Soc filed Critical Carpecarbon Benefit Srl Soc
Publication of WO2026018196A2 publication Critical patent/WO2026018196A2/fr
Publication of WO2026018196A3 publication Critical patent/WO2026018196A3/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0454—Controlling adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/104—Alumina
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/202—Polymeric adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/204—Metal organic frameworks (MOF's)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for the capture of carbon dioxide from an aeri form mixture , in particular from atmospheric air .
  • the invention also relates to a method for the capture of carbon dioxide from an aeri form mixture .
  • Machines are known for the direct capture of carbon dioxide from atmospheric air (DAC - Direct Air Capture ) . These machines essentially comprise :
  • a filter comprising an adsorbent material configured to adsorb carbon dioxide from atmospheric air ;
  • desorption chamber configured to desorb the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the filter .
  • WO2024088859A1 disclose machines for the direct capture of carbon dioxide from atmospheric air, wherein a portion of the machine (for example , a filter or a portion of a filter ) is dedicated to the adsorption of carbon dioxide and, at the same time , another portion of the same machine ( for example , another filter or another portion of the same filter ) is dedicated to the desorption of the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the same portion .
  • a portion of the machine for example a filter or a portion of a filter
  • another portion of the same machine for example , another filter or another portion of the same filter
  • the solutions disclosed in WO2023144018A1 , WO2023247481A1 and WO2024088859A1 are not very versatile , as they do not envisage changing the duration of the adsorption or desorption step as the surrounding conditions change ( air characteristics , required productivity, etc . ) .
  • the obj ect of the invention is to provide a system for the capture of carbon dioxide and a method for the capture of carbon dioxide , which are at least partially free from the drawbacks described above and, at the same time , are simple and economic to be manufactured and implemented .
  • the obj ect is reached by a system for the capture of carbon dioxide and by a method for the capture of carbon dioxide as claimed in the independent claims .
  • the dependent claims define particular embodiments of the invention .
  • the invention also relates to a system for the capture of carbon dioxide from an aeri form mixture comprising :
  • a first filter and a second filter operatively connected to said frame and comprising an adsorbent material configured to adsorb, in use , carbon dioxide from said aeri form mixture ; said first filter and said second filter being aligned with each other along a first direction;
  • a desorber module configured to desorb the carbon dioxide selectively adsorbed, in use, by said first filter or by said second filter ;
  • an electronic control unit operatively connected to said mechanism and configured to control the movement of said desorber module between said first filter and said second filter as a function of one or more operating parameters ; wherein said electronic control unit is configured to :
  • said system further comprising a first sensor configured to detect , in use , a quantity associated with the flow rate of said aeri form mixture directed to said filter in the adsorption configuration; said control criterion entailing that said time interval is lower than or equal to a threshold value ; said electronic control unit being operatively connected to said first sensor and configured to determine said threshold value as a function of said quantity; wherein said electronic control unit is configured to determine said threshold value during said time interval .
  • the invention also relates to a system for the capture of carbon dioxide from an aeri form mixture comprising :
  • a first filter and a second filter operatively connected to said frame and comprising an adsorbent material configured to adsorb, in use , carbon dioxide from said aeri form mixture ; said first filter and said second filter being aligned with each other along a first direction;
  • a desorber module configured to desorb the carbon dioxide selectively adsorbed, in use, by said first filter or by said second filter ;
  • At least one motor configured to provide mechanical energy to move said desorber module relative to said frame between said first filter and said second filter along said first direction
  • At least one guide configured to guide said desorber module along said first direction; said desorber module comprising at least one engagement element adapted to engage , in use , said guide .
  • figure 1 is a block diagram of a plant comprising a system for the capture of carbon dioxide according to the invention
  • figure 2 is a perspective view of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figure 1
  • figure 3 is a perspective view of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figures 1 and 2 with parts removed for greater clarity
  • figure 4 is a detail view of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figures 1 to 3 on a signi ficantly larger scale
  • figures 5 and 6 are perspective views of a portion of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figures 1 to 4
  • figures 7 and 8 are respective perspective views of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figures 1 to 6 on a larger scale
  • figure 9 is a perspective sectional view of the system for the capture of carbon dioxide of figures 1 to 8
  • figures 10 and 11 are perspective views of a portion of the system for
  • number 100 indicates a plant for the capture of carbon dioxide from an aeri form mixture F .
  • the plant 100 is a direct air capture plant ; therefore , the aeri form mixture F comprises atmospheric air .
  • the plant 100 is designed to capture carbon dioxide present in an aeri form mixture F subj ected to natural atmospheric convective flows and/or in an aeri form mixture F subj ected to a forced flow .
  • the system 100 comprises :
  • a vacuum source 50 comprising, for example , a vacuum pump ; and a reservoir 51 configured to contain the carbon dioxide captured by the system 1 .
  • the system 1 comprises ( Figure 1 ) :
  • a desorber module 5 configured to selectively desorb the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the first filter 3 or by the second filter 4 .
  • the filters 3 and 4 are associated with a capture capacity, namely an amount of carbon dioxide that can be adsorbed by them per unit of treated aeri form mixture F .
  • This capture capacity depends , in a known manner, on the geometry of the f ilters 3 , 4 , on the type and on the amount of adsorbent material dispersed on the filter .
  • the capture capacity of the filters 3 , 4 ranges from 0 . 5 to 5 mmol o f carbon dioxide per gram of adsorbent material .
  • the first filter 3 and/or the second filter 4 are formed, for example , by a support of ceramic monoliths coated with alumina or silica and impregnated with polyethyleneimine ( PEI ) or by a pleated support comprising V-shaped cells and incorporating polymer pellets functionali zed with amino groups .
  • the first filter 3 and/or the second filter 4 can comprise particles of metal organic framework (MOF) embedded and/or dispersed in a polymer matrix .
  • MOF metal organic framework
  • the frame 2 can be associated with an integral reference system comprising ( Figure 2 ) :
  • the directions X, Y and Z are orthogonal to one another .
  • the frame 2 comprises a portal frame , which comprises , in turn :
  • the beam elements 2a and 2b are constrained to , in particular fixed, the ground S .
  • the beam element 2c extends at an end of the beam elements 2a and 2b facing away from the ground S along the direction Z .
  • the beam elements 2a, 2b and 2c have a double T-shaped cross section .
  • the frame 2 comprises : a structure 20 aligned with the beam element 2c parallel to the direction Z ; and
  • the structure 20 comprises , in detail :
  • the beam elements 20a and 20b extend along the entire extension of the beam element 2c along the direction X ; the beam elements 20c and 20d extend along the entire distance between the beam elements 20a and 20b parallel to the direction Y .
  • the beam elements 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d are arranged along respective sides of a quadri lateral .
  • the beam element 2c is completely or for the most part contained within said quadrilateral .
  • the structure 20 further comprises ( Figures 2 and 9 ) :
  • an appendage 20 f extending from the beam element 20b along the direction Z towards the structure 21 ; and two appendages 20g, 20h extending from the beam element 2c along the direction Z towards the structure 21 .
  • the appendages 20e , 20 f , 20g and 20h are oriented parallel to the direction X .
  • the appendages 20g and 20h are arranged at respective parts opposed to each other of the beam element 2c along the direction Y .
  • the appendage 20g faces the appendage 20e and the appendage 20h faces the appendage 20 f ( Figure 9 ) .
  • the appendages 20e , 20 f , 20g and 20h have an L-shaped cross section in a plane orthogonal to the direction X .
  • the structure 21 comprises : - two beam elements 21a, 21b extending parallel to the direction X and spaced apart from one another parallel to the direction Y; and
  • the beam elements 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d are arranged along respective sides of a quadrilateral .
  • the beam elements 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d are respectively aligned with the beam elements 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d parallel to the direction Z .
  • the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 are aligned with one another along the direction X .
  • the first and the second filter 3 , 4 extend between the structure 20 and the structure 21 parallel to the direction Z .
  • the first and the second filter 3 , 4 are attached to the frame 2 .
  • the first and second filters 3 , 4 are hung on the frame 2 at the beam element 2c and rest on the structure 21 .
  • the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 both comprise a respective support 30 , at which they are attached to the frame 2 .
  • the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 have a parallelepiped-like or substantially parallelepiped-like shape .
  • the supports 30 have a rectangular shape and act as a frame for the adsorbent material .
  • the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 are identical to one another .
  • the first and the second filter 3 , 4 define respective faces 34A and 34B opposed to one another parallel to the direction Y .
  • the face 34A faces the beam element 20a and the face 34B faces the beam element 20b .
  • each filter 3 , 4 comprises a sealing element 31 on the side of the face 34A and a sealing element 31 on the side of the face 34B .
  • each sealing element 31 is a gasket , for example made of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene ) .
  • each sealing element 31 comprises two recesses 31a, 31b oriented parallel to the direction Y .
  • the two recesses 31a and 31b have the shape of a quadrilateral in a plane perpendicular to the direction Y .
  • the recess 31a is close to the portion of the relative filter 3 , 4 comprising the adsorbent material ; the recess 31b completely surrounds the recess 31a and is farther from the portion of the relative filter 3 , 4 comprising the adsorbent material than the recess 31a .
  • the system 1 comprises a mechani sm 6 adapted to move the desorber module 5 relative to the frame 2 between the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 along the direction X .
  • the mechanism 6 is adapted to move the desorber module 5 from a position in which it interacts with the first fi lter 3 to a position in which it interacts with the second filter 4 and vice versa .
  • the desorber module 5 when the desorber module 5 is arranged at the first filter 3 , it is configured to desorb the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the first filter 3 , while the second filter 4 adsorbs the carbon dioxide present in the aeri form mixture F; when the desorber module 5 is arranged at the second filter 4 , it is configured to desorb the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the second filter 4 , while the first filter 4 adsorbs the carbon dioxide contained in the aeri form mixture F .
  • a f ilter 3 , 4 shall be understood to be in an adsorption configuration when it adsorbs the carbon dioxide contained in the aeri form mixture F and a f ilter 3 , 4 shall be understood to be in a desorption configuration when the desorption module 5 carries out the desorption of the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by said filter .
  • the system 1 further comprises an electronic control unit 90 only schematically shown in Figure 1 .
  • the system 1 also comprises a sensor 80 configured to detect a quantity Q associated with the flow rate of aeri form mixture F directed to the filter carrying out the adsorption between the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 .
  • the quantity Q is the flow rate or the speed of the aeri form mixture F .
  • the sensor 80 is operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises ( Figure 9 ) :
  • - two chambers 7 configured to selectively face one of the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 , respectively on the side of the face 34A and on the side of the face 34B ; these chambers 7 are fluidically connected to the vacuum source 50 and to the reservoir 51 ; - a structure 8 , which supports the chambers 7 and cooperates with the mechanism 6 ; and
  • - actuating means 9 adapted to move the chambers 7 relative to the structure 8 and to the first and second filters 3 , 4 along the direction Y .
  • the plant 100 comprises ( Figure 1 ) :
  • a fluidic line 52 which fluidically connects the chambers 7 to the vacuum source 50 ;
  • valve means 54 arranged at the fluidic line 52 and adapted to selectively deny the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 ;
  • valve means 55 arranged at the fluidic line 53 and adapted to selectively deny the passage of carbon dioxide from the chambers 7 to the reservoir 51 .
  • valve means 54 and 55 comprise respective solenoid valves operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises a pressure sensor 81 configured to detect the pressure p within the chambers 7 .
  • the pressure sensor 81 is operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises a temperature sensor 82 configured to detect the temperature T within the chambers 7 .
  • the temperature sensor 82 is operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the structure 8 has a parallelepiped-like shape and comprises : - two flat faces 8a, 8b orthogonal to the direction Z and spaced apart from one another along the direction Z ;
  • the face 8a faces the ground S
  • the face 8b is arranged opposed to the ground S relative to the face 8a
  • the face 8c is arranged on the side of the face 34A and the face 8d is arranged on the side of the face 34B .
  • the actuating means 9 comprise a plurality of hydraulic actuators 70 on the side of the face 34A and a plurality of hydraulic actuators 70 on the side o f the face 34B .
  • Each hydraul ic actuator 70 is oriented parallel to the direction Y and, along said direction Y, comprises a first end, at which it is attached to the structure 8 , and a second end opposite to the first one , at which it cooperates with the relative chamber 7 .
  • the hydraulic actuators 70 exert a pressure action directly in contact with the chambers 7 .
  • the actuating means 9 comprise six hydraulic actuators 70 for each of the two chambers 7 .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises a plurality of casters 71 operatively connected to the chambers 7 and adapted to roll in contact with the structure 8 ( Figure 7 ) .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises the casters 71 at a region of the chambers 7 facing the face 8a and the casters 71 are adapted to roll in contact with the face 8a .
  • the casters 71 are adapted to facilitate the sliding of the chambers 7 from and towards the first and the second filter 3 , 4 parallel to the direction Y .
  • Each chamber 7 further comprises an engagement element 32 adapted to cooperate in contact with the support 30 , so as to insulate the chamber 7 from the external environment .
  • each engagement element 32 is adapted to selectively engage a respective sealing element 31 ( Figure 9 ) .
  • each engagement element 32 comprises two protrusions 32a, 32b oriented parallel to the direction Y and each adapted to engage a respective recess 31a, 31b .
  • the desorber module 5 further comprises thermal means 10 configured to heat or cool the chambers 7 .
  • the thermal means 10 are configured to heat or cool the chambers 7 by means of a heat exchange with a heat trans fer fluid .
  • the thermal means 10 comprise ( Figure 1 ) : a fluidic line 12 configured to guide the heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 ; a fluidic line 13 configured to guide the heat trans fer fluid out of the chambers 7 ; and
  • valve means 14 arranged at the fluidic line 12 and adapted to selectively deny the passage of the heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 .
  • valve means 14 comprise a solenoid valve operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the thermal means 10 comprise two plates 11 , each arranged at a respective face 34A and 34B and each delimiting a respective chamber 7 ( Figures 5 and 6 ) .
  • Each plate 11 comprises a plurality of ducts , on the inside , configured to be flown through by the heat trans fer fluid and fluidically connected to the fluidic lines 12 and 13 .
  • Said heat transfer fluid comprises , for example , water, a mixture of water and glycol , oil or molten salts .
  • the heat trans fer fluid in order to heat the chambers 7 , the heat trans fer fluid is at a higher temperature than the volume enclosed between the chambers 7 ; in order to cool the chambers 7 , the heat trans fer fluid is at a lower temperature than the volume enclosed between the chambers 7 .
  • the heat trans fer fluid adapted to heat the chambers 7 is the same heat trans fer fluid adapted to cool the chambers 7 , at suitably di f ferent temperatures .
  • the plates 11 have a parallelepiped-like shape and are arranged orthogonally to the direction Y .
  • the desorber module 5 further comprises ( Figure 1 ) :
  • fluidic line 84 configured to fluidically connect the chambers 7 to the external environment ;
  • valve means 85 arranged at the fluidic line 84 and adapted to selectively deny the passage of any fluid between the chambers 7 and the outside along the fluidic line 84 .
  • valve means 85 are configured to deny the fluidic communication of the chambers 7 with the outside when the engagement elements 32 engage the respective sealing elements 31 ( Figure 9 ) .
  • valve means 85 comprise a solenoid valve operatively connected to the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the mechanism 6 comprises : three motors 60a, 60b, 60c configured to provide mechanical energy to move the desorber module 5 relative to the frame 2 along the direction X ; and
  • the motors 60a, 60b, 60c are attached to the structure 8 .
  • the motor 60a is arranged at the face 8a ; vice versa, the motors 60b and 60c are arranged at the face 8b .
  • the motors 60a, 60b , 60c preferably are electric motors .
  • the guides 61a and 61b are attached to the frame 2 , in particular to the structure 21 ; the guides 61c and 61d are arranged at the appendage 20e and of the appendage 20 f , respectively .
  • the guides 61c and 61d are defined by the short side of the L- shape of the appendages 20e and 20 f , respectively .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises , in turn, a plurality of engagement elements 62 adapted to engage the guides 61a, 61b, 61c, 61d .
  • Each engagement element 62 comprises a support 65 and a caster 66 , which can rotate with respect to the support 65 about a rotation axis (A) of its own and in contact with the relative guide 61a, 61b, 61c, 61d ( Figures 10 and 11 ) .
  • the desorber module 5 comprises four engagement elements 62 at the face 8a, two of them engaging the guide 61a and the other two engaging the guide 61b ( Figure 10 ) ; the desorber module 5 further comprises four engagement elements 62 at the face 8b, two of them engage the guide 61c ( Figure 11 ) and the other two engaging the guide 61d .
  • the engagement elements 62 of each pair of engagement elements cooperating with the respective guides 61a, 61b, 61c and 61d are spaced apart from one another parallel to the direction X .
  • the frame 2 comprises four racks 63 extending parallel to the direction X and the mechanism 6 comprises four pinions 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d, each meshing with a respective rack 63 .
  • the pinions 64a and 64b are operatively connected to the motor 60a ; the pinion 64c is operatively connected to the motor 60b and the pinion 64d is operatively connected to the motor 60c .
  • the four racks 63 are arranged at the beam element 21a, the beam element 21b, the appendage 20g and the appendage 20h, respectively .
  • the racks 63 arranged at the beam elements 21a and 21b face the structure 20 ; the rack 63 arranged at the appendage 20g faces the appendage 20e and the rack 63 arranged at the appendage 20h faces the appendage 20 f .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is operatively connected to the mechanism 6 and is configured to control the movement of the desorber module 5 between the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 as a function of one or more operating parameters tads , p, T .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to :
  • control criterion entails that the time interval tads is smaller than or equal to a threshold value te :
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to determine the threshold value te as a function of a quantity C associated with the carbon dioxide capture capacity of the filters 3 , 4 and of the quantity Q detected by the sensor 80 :
  • the threshold value te corresponds to a time interval , at the end of which the filling of the filter 3 , 4 in the adsorption configuration with the adsorbed carbon dioxide is considered suf ficient .
  • the threshold value te corresponds to a time interval , at the end of which the filter filling corresponds to a value greater than a given percentage of the carbon dioxide capture capacity of the filters 3 , 4 .
  • the threshold value te corresponds to a time interval , at the end of which the filter filling corresponds to a value greater than 50% , 60% , 70% , 80% , 90% , 95% or 99% of the carbon dioxide capture capacity of the filters 3 , 4 .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to determine or calculate the threshold value te during the time interval tads . More in particular, the electronic control unit 90 is configured to determine the threshold value te in real time and in an iterative manner during the time interval tads . Alternatively, the threshold value te is constant and stored in the electronic control unit 90 .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to control the movement of the desorber module 5 towards the filter arranged in the adsorption configuration, when the time interval tads does not comply with the control criterion .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to : permit the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 ;
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause , in sequence : the valve means 54 to permit the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 , so as to reduce the pressure p of the volume enclosed between the two chambers 7 and within which the filter 3 , 4 to be subj ected to the desorption process is enclosed;
  • valve means 14 to allow the heat trans fer fluid to flow towards the chambers 7 , in order to increase the temperature T of the chambers 7 ;
  • valve means 55 to permit the passage of carbon dioxide from the chambers 7 to the reservoir 51 ;
  • valve means 14 to allow the heat trans fer fluid to flow towards the chambers 7 , in order to lower the temperature T of the chambers 7 .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the valve means 54 to permit the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 as long as the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is greater than a threshold value p v e .
  • the threshold value p v e is less than 50 mbar or 100 mbar .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is also configured to cause the valve means 54 to prevent fluids from flowing between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 , when the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is smaller than the threshold value p v e .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the valve means 14 to allow the heat transfer fluid to flow towards the chamber 7 as long as the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is smaller than a threshold value The .
  • the threshold value The ranges from ambient temperature to 130 ° C .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is also configured to cause the valve means 14 to prevent the heat trans fer fluid from flowing towards the chambers 7 , when the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is greater than the threshold value The .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the valve means 55 to permit the passage of carbon dioxide from the chambers 7 to the reservoir 51 , when the pressure p inside the chambers 7 is greater than a threshold value p e e, which is greater than the threshold value p v e, and to subsequently cause the valve means 55 to deny the passage of carbon dioxide from the chambers 7 to the reservoir 51 , when the pressure p inside the chambers 7 is again smaller than the threshold value p v e. Indeed, the pressure p inside the chambers 7 decreases during the capture of carbon dioxide from the chambers 7 .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is also configured to cause the valve means 14 to al low the hot heat trans fer fluid to flow towards the chambers 7 , when the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 falls below the threshold value The during the capture of carbon dioxide .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the valve means 14 to allow the cold heat trans fer fluid to flow towards the chamber 7 as long as the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is greater than a threshold value T c e, in order to lower the temperature T of the chambers 7 .
  • the threshold value T c e is smaller than the threshold value The .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the valve means 85 to permit the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the outside along the fluidic line 85 . In this way, the pressure p within the chambers 7 is progressively brought back to a value equal to or close to atmospheric pressure .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the desorption module 5 to move from the filter 3 , 4 in the desorption configuration to the filter 4 , 3 in the adsorption configuration at the end of the cooling of the chambers 7 (block s l 30 ) or once the chambers 7 are placed in fluid communication with the outside (block s l 40 ) , regardless o f whether or not the time interval tads complies with the control criterion .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the desorption module 5 to move from the filter 3 , 4 in the desorption configuration to the filter 4 , 3 in the adsorption configuration when the time interval tads does not comply with the control criterion, regardless of whether the capture of the desorbed carbon dioxide has been completed or not .
  • the electronic control unit 90 is configured to cause the desorption module 5 to move from the filter 3 , 4 in the desorption configuration to the filter 4 , 3 in the adsorption configuration when the time interval tads does not comply with the control criterion and the cooling of the chambers 7 (block s l 30 ) has ended or the chambers 7 have been placed in fluidic communication with the outside (block s l 40 ) .
  • the mechanism 6 moves the desorber module 5 from the first filter 3 to the second filter 4 and vice versa along the direction X .
  • the desorber module 5 when the desorber module 5 is arranged at the first filter 3 , it desorbs the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the first filter 3 , while the second filter 4 is immersed in the aeri form mixture F and directly adsorbs carbon dioxide ; when the desorber module 5 is arranged at the second filter 4 , it desorbs the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed by the second filter 4 , while the first filter 4 is immersed in atmospheric air and directly adsorbs carbon dioxide .
  • the motors 60a, 60b, 60c cause the rotation of the relative pinions 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d relative to the respective racks 63 ; at the same time , the engagement elements 62 slide along the respective guides 61a, 61b, 61c, 61d .
  • the module 5 is aligned with the filter 3 , 4 to be desorbed along the direction X .
  • the chambers 7 face the filter 3 , 4 to be desorbed on the side of the face 34A and on the side of the face 34B, respectively .
  • the actuating means 9 cause the chambers 7 to slide paral lel to the direction Y, so as to bring the chambers 7 closer to one another and to the structure 30 of the filter 3 , 4 to be subj ected to the desorption process .
  • the actuating means 9 cause the chambers 7 to slide until the engagement elements 32 engage the sealing elements 31 .
  • the chambers 7 face the filter 3 , 4 to be subj ected to the desorption process and are insulated from external atmospheric air .
  • the valve means 85 deny the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the outside .
  • the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 is permitted by means of the valve means 54 ( see block s l O in Figure 12 ) , so as to reduce the pressure p of the volume enclosed between the two chambers 7 and within which the filter 3 , 4 to be subj ected to the desorption process is enclosed .
  • the hydraulic actuators 70 keep the chambers 7 pressed against the structure 30 and the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is compared with the threshold value p v e ( see block s20 in Figure 12 ) .
  • i f the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is greater than the threshold value p v e, the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the vacuum source 50 continues to be permitted; i f , on the other hand, the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor
  • the thermal means 10 heat the chambers 7 .
  • the heat trans fer fluid capable of raising the temperature T of the volume enclosed between the two chambers 7 is allowed to flow towards the chambers 7 through the valve means 14 .
  • the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is compared with the threshold value The ( see block s50 in Figure 12 ) .
  • i f the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is smaller than the threshold value The, the flow of the heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 continues to be permitted; i f , on the other hand, the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor
  • the adsorbent material releases the carbon dioxide previously adsorbed in the chambers 7 (see block s60 in Figure 12) .
  • the pressure p within the chambers 7 tends to increase.
  • the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is compared with the threshold value p e e (see block s70 in Figure 12) .
  • the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is greater than or equal to the threshold value p e e, the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the reservoir 51 is permitted by means of the valve means 54 (see block s80 in Figure 12) ; if, on the other hand, the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is smaller than the threshold value p e e, the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the reservoir 51 by means of the valve means 54 continues to be denied.
  • the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is compared with the threshold value p v e (see block s90 in Figure 12) .
  • the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is smaller than or equal to the threshold value p v e, the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the reservoir 51 is denied (see block slOO in Figure 12) ; if, on the other hand, the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 81 is greater than the threshold value p v e, the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the reservoir 51 continues to be permitted .
  • the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is compared with the threshold value The .
  • i f the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is smaller than the threshold value
  • the flow of the hot heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 is permitted again; i f , on the other hand, the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is greater than the threshold value
  • the flow o f the hot heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 continues to be denied .
  • the thermal means 10 cool the chambers 7 .
  • the heat trans fer fluid capable of lowering the temperature T of the volume enclosed between the two chambers 7 is allowed to flow towards the chambers 7 through the valve means 14 .
  • the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is compared with the threshold value T c e ( see block s l20 in Figure 12 ) .
  • i f the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is greater than the threshold value T c e, the flow of the heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 continues to be permitted;
  • i f on the other hand, the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 82 is smaller than the threshold value T c e, the flow of the heat trans fer fluid towards the chambers 7 is denied ( see block s l 30 in Figure 12 ) .
  • the electronic control unit 90 detects or determines the time interval t ads associated with the duration of adsorption of said filter and veri fies that said time interval tads complies with a control criterion .
  • the electronic control unit 90 determines the threshold value te as a function of the quantity Q detected by the sensor 80 and veri fies that the time interval tads is smaller than or equal to the threshold value te .
  • the electronic control unit 90 determines the threshold value te in real time , namely during the time interval tads .
  • the system since the movement of the desorber module 5 is controlled as a function of one or more operating parameters tads , p, T , the system is able to easily and ef ficiently carry out the process of adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere under variable environmental conditions . Speci fically, the system 1 of fers the possibility of modi fying the duration of the adsorption and desorption steps in real time .
  • the desorber module 5 Since the desorber module 5 is moved towards the filter 3 , 4 in the adsorption configuration when the time interval tads does not comply with the control criterion, it is possible to conclude the adsorption process when the filling of the filter 3 , 4 in the adsorption configuration can be considered suf ficient .
  • the threshold value te is calculated as a function of the quantity Q, it is possible to take into account the quantity of carbon dioxide plausibly adsorbed by the filter 3 , 4 in the adsorption configuration . This applies even more so in case the threshold value te is calculated and updated instant by instant during the adsorption process .
  • the fluidic communication between the chambers 7 and the reservoir 51 is permitted only as long as , once carbon dioxide is released in the chambers 7 , the pressure p is greater than the threshold value p e e . This makes it possible to obtain a desorption proces s with no predetermined duration, but dependent on the actual speed with which carbon dioxide is captured and sent to the reservoir 51 .
  • the chambers 7 are placed in communication with the outside , it is possible to progressively increase the pressure value p . This limits the risk that the separation of the chambers 7 at the end of the desorption process may damage the filters 3 , 4 and/or the desorption module 5 .
  • the components used in the system 1 are simple to manufacture , easily available on the market and easy to maintain .
  • the mechanism 6 moreover, comprises not very complex and easily controllable kinematic mechanisms .
  • system 1 for the capture of carbon dioxide and the method for the capture of carbon dioxide according to the invention can be subj ected to changes and variants , which, though, do not go beyond the scope of protection set forth in the appended claims .
  • first filter 3 and the second filter 4 could be aligned with one another along the direction Z .
  • the mechanism 6 would be adapted to move the desorber module 5 relative to the frame 2 between the first filter and the second filter along the direction Z .
  • the system 1 could comprise further filters in addition to the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 .
  • the system 1 is modular and the number o f filters can be varied with great ease in order to obtain desired levels of carbon dioxide capture .
  • the further filters could be aligned with the first filter 3 and the second filter 4 .
  • the first filter, the second filter 4 and the further filters could be arranged along two or more rows arranged parallel to the direction X and stacked on one another parallel to the direction Z .
  • the desorber module 5 could comprise one single chamber 7 configured to completely house the first filter 3 or the second filter 4 .
  • the thermal means 10 could comprise , alternatively or in addition to what described above , an electric resistor .
  • the mechanism 6 could comprise a number of motors 60a, 60b, 60c other than three .
  • it could comprise one single motor, two motors or more than three motors .
  • the mechanism 6 could comprise a number of guides 61a, 61b, 61c, 61d other than four .
  • it could comprise one guide , two guides , three guides or more than four guides .
  • the actuating means 9 could comprise actuators other than hydraulic actuators .
  • they could comprise pneumatic or electric actuators .
  • the mechanism 6 could comprise alternative or additional motion transmission means in addition to the pinions 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d and to the racks 63 and employ the mechanical energy provided by the motors 60a, 60b, 60c to move the desorber module 5 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système (1) destiné à la capture de dioxyde de carbone à partir d'un mélange aériforme, comprenant un cadre (2), un premier filtre (3) et un second filtre (4) fonctionnellement relié au cadre (2) et comprenant un adsorbant conçu pour adsorber le dioxyde de carbone. Le premier filtre (3) et le second filtre (4) sont alignés l'un avec l'autre dans une direction (X). Le système (1) comprend également un module de désorption (5) conçu pour désorber le dioxyde de carbone précédemment adsorbé de manière sélective par le premier filtre (3) ou le second filtre (4) et un mécanisme (6) conçu pour déplacer le module de désorption (5) par rapport au cadre (2) entre le premier filtre (3) et le second filtre (4) dans la direction (X). Le système (1) comprend en outre une unité de commande électronique (90) connectée fonctionnellement au mécanisme (6) et est conçu pour commander le mouvement du module de désorption (5) entre le premier filtre (3) et le second filtre (4) en fonction d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de fonctionnement (tadst P, T).
PCT/IB2025/057251 2024-07-17 2025-07-17 Système et procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone à partir d'un mélange aériforme Pending WO2026018196A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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IT202400016588 2024-07-17
IT102024000016588 2024-07-17

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WO2026018196A3 WO2026018196A3 (fr) 2026-04-09

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021233498A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2021-11-25 DACMa GmbH Appareil pour la collecte directe de dioxyde de carbone dans l'air ambiant, et procédé de collecte directe de dioxyde de carbone dans l'air ambiant
WO2023144018A1 (fr) 2022-01-26 2023-08-03 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Système de capture directe d'air
WO2023217740A1 (fr) 2022-05-13 2023-11-16 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone
US20230390700A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-12-07 Carbon Capture Inc. Modular open systems architecture direct air capture platform
WO2023247481A1 (fr) 2022-06-24 2023-12-28 Climeworks Ag Dispositif de capture directe d'air
WO2024088859A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Système de capture directe d'air de dioxyde de carbone
US20240157297A1 (en) 2022-05-27 2024-05-16 Zero Carbon Systems, Inc. High Throughput Moving Panel Direct Air Capture System

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3166708B1 (fr) * 2014-07-10 2021-11-10 Climeworks AG Procédé de désorption à vide assisté par vapeur pour la capture de dioxyde de carbone
GB201901445D0 (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-03-27 Provost Fellows Found Scholars And The Other Members Of Board Of The College Of The Holy And Undivid Improvements relating to carbon dioxide capture
US12303824B2 (en) * 2021-05-07 2025-05-20 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Moving sorbent panel system for capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide
US11266943B1 (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-03-08 Joseph J. Stark System and method for improving the performance and lowering the cost of atmospheric carbon dioxide removal by direct air capture
US20230405511A1 (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-12-21 Noya, Inc. Systems and Methods for Removing Carbon Dioxide from a Fluid

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021233498A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2021-11-25 DACMa GmbH Appareil pour la collecte directe de dioxyde de carbone dans l'air ambiant, et procédé de collecte directe de dioxyde de carbone dans l'air ambiant
WO2023144018A1 (fr) 2022-01-26 2023-08-03 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Système de capture directe d'air
WO2023217740A1 (fr) 2022-05-13 2023-11-16 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone
US20240157297A1 (en) 2022-05-27 2024-05-16 Zero Carbon Systems, Inc. High Throughput Moving Panel Direct Air Capture System
US20230390700A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-12-07 Carbon Capture Inc. Modular open systems architecture direct air capture platform
WO2023247481A1 (fr) 2022-06-24 2023-12-28 Climeworks Ag Dispositif de capture directe d'air
WO2024088859A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Système de capture directe d'air de dioxyde de carbone

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