WO2026024663A1 - Compositions contenant un alpha-glucane avec des liaisons glycosidiques alpha-1,3 - Google Patents

Compositions contenant un alpha-glucane avec des liaisons glycosidiques alpha-1,3

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Publication number
WO2026024663A1
WO2026024663A1 PCT/US2025/038563 US2025038563W WO2026024663A1 WO 2026024663 A1 WO2026024663 A1 WO 2026024663A1 US 2025038563 W US2025038563 W US 2025038563W WO 2026024663 A1 WO2026024663 A1 WO 2026024663A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alpha
glucan
aqueous composition
emulsion
aqueous
Prior art date
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PCT/US2025/038563
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English (en)
Inventor
Maryam AGHAJAMALI
Karim FIRDOUS
Sefiu A. RASAKI
Steven L. Bryant
Milana Trifkovic
Natnael Behabtu
Christian Peter Lenges
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Nutrition and Biosciences USA 4 Inc
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Nutrition and Biosciences USA 4 Inc
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Publication of WO2026024663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026024663A1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/06—Emulsions
    • A61K8/062—Oil-in-water emulsions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is in the field of polysaccharides.
  • the disclosure pertains to emulsions that comprise insoluble alpha-glucan having alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages, and use of this material in various applications.
  • biopolymers offer a range of advantageous properties such as being sourced from renewable feedstocks, biocompatibility, and a desired end-of-life profile typically avoiding the formation of microplastics, making them a viable substitute to traditional surfactants or emulsion control additives.
  • a Pickering emulsion approach has seen slow commercial adoption as typically formulated systems include various additives, contaminants, and other uncontrolled variables (e.g., pH, temperature) that have impacted the potential general applicability of this approach.
  • polysaccharides that have been employed as Pickering emulsion stabilizers are predominantly sourced from cellulose, starch, and chitosan, thereby limiting the ability to tailor materials to meet desired performance ranges.
  • Enzymatic polymerization using a glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme in isolated systems allows for the tailored connection of glucose monomers (forming glucan) through a range of different glycosidic linkages, and for the production of glucans with varying molecular masses and shapes. Characterized by its linearity, semi-crystalline nature, and water-insolubility, alpha-1 , 3-glucan meets biodegradability requirements, such as biodegradation in soil and marine environments. Even though alpha-1 , 3-glucan can be found as a structural component in cell walls of typical fungi systems, the interesting properties associated with alpha-1 , 3-glucan remain relatively unexplored in scientific research. As compared to other polysaccharides, a generally limited number of reports exist concerning its utilization in applications such as additives in coatings, fillers in co-polymer matrices, and aerogels for absorbents.
  • GTF glucosyltransferase
  • the present disclosure concerns an aqueous composition with a pH of 12.5 to 13.2 and comprising alpha-glucan, wherein a first fraction of the alpha-glucan is dissolved in the aqueous composition, and a second fraction of the alpha-glucan is not dissolved in the aqueous composition, wherein at least about 50% of the glycosidic linkages of the alpha-glucan are alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages and typically the weight-average degree of polymerization (DPw) of the alpha-glucan is at least 15.
  • such an aqueous composition further comprises one or more hydrophobic additives.
  • the present disclosure concerns an aqueous composition produced by reducing the pH of an aqueous composition as above that further comprises one or more hydrophobic additives (optionally, such an aqueous composition for pH reduction can be an emulsion), wherein this reduction of pH precipitates the alpha-glucan of the first fraction.
  • the present disclosure concerns this foregoing method/process of using pH reduction to provide a product.
  • FIG. 1 Shown is an overview of methodology for preparing an emulsion as presently disclosed.
  • FIG. 2 Solubility curve and DLS (dynamic light scattering) measurements of alpha-1 , 3-glucan.
  • FIG. 3 Dilution pathways through which pH was adjusted from initial value (13.4) to target values while maintaining constant final particle loading (1 wt%).
  • FIG. 4 Amplitude sweeps of 1 wt% alpha-1 , 3-glucan dispersions at pH 12.7, 12.9, or 13.1 , after 1 day.
  • FIG. 5 Amplitude sweeps of alpha-1 , 3-glucan-containing emulsions at pH 12.7, 12.9, or 13.1 , after 1 day.
  • FIG. 6 Amplitude sweeps of alpha-1 , 3-glucan-containing emulsions at pH of 12.7 or 7.0 (pH neutralized from pH 12.7), or of “as received” alpha-1 , 3-glucan at pH 7.0 (no pH processing), after 1 day.
  • FIG. 7 A flow diagram regarding a process of producing highly crystalline alpha- 1 , 3-glucan. Refer to Auxiliary Example.
  • the terms “a” and “an” as used herein are intended to encompass one or more (i.e. , at least one) of a referenced feature.
  • a “glucan” herein is a type of polysaccharide that is a polymer of glucose (polyglucose).
  • a glucan can be comprised of, for example, about, or at least about, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% by weight glucose monomeric units.
  • An example of a glucan herein is alpha-glucan.
  • alpha-glucan is a polymer comprising glucose monomeric units linked together by alpha-glycosidic linkages.
  • the glycosidic linkages of an alpha-glucan herein are about, or at least about, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% alpha-glycosidic linkages.
  • An example of an alpha-glucan polymer herein is alpha-1 , 3-glucan.
  • saccharide and other like terms herein refer to monosaccharides and/or disaccharides/oligosaccharides, unless otherwise noted.
  • a “disaccharide” herein refers to a carbohydrate having two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage.
  • An “oligosaccharide” herein can refer to a carbohydrate having 3 to 15 monosaccharides, for example, joined by glycosidic linkages.
  • An oligosaccharide can also be referred to as an “oligomer”.
  • Monosaccharides e.g., glucose and/or fructose
  • comprised within disaccharides/oligosaccharides can be referred to as “monomeric units”, “monosaccharide units”, or other like terms.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-glucan is an alphaglucan comprising glucose monomeric units linked together by glycosidic linkages, wherein at least about 50% of the glycosidic linkages are alpha-1 ,3.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-glucan in some aspects comprises about, or at least about, 90%, 95%, or 100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages.
  • Most or all of the other linkages, if present, in alpha-1 , 3-glucan herein typically are alpha-1 ,6, though some linkages may also be alpha-1 ,2 and/or alpha-1 ,4.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-glucan herein is typically water-insoluble (i.e., alpha-1 , 3-glucan is insoluble under aqueous conditions of neutral pH such as pH 7.0).
  • glycosidic linkages refer to the covalent bonds connecting the sugar monomers within a saccharide compound (oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides).
  • examples of glycosidic linkages include 1 ,6- alpha-D-glycosidic linkages (herein also referred to as “alpha-1 ,6” linkages), 1 ,3-alpha- D-glycosidic linkages (herein also referred to as “alpha-1 ,3” linkages), 1 ,4-alpha-D- glycosidic linkages (herein also referred to as “alpha-1 ,4” linkages), and 1 ,2-alpha-D- glycosidic linkages (herein also referred to as “alpha-1 ,2” linkages).
  • the glycosidic linkages of a glucan polymer herein can also be referred to as “glucosidic linkages”.
  • alpha-alpha-D-glycosidic linkages herein can also be
  • the glycosidic linkage profile of an alpha-glucan can be determined using any method known in the art.
  • a linkage profile can be determined using methods using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (e.g., 13 C NMR and/or 1 H NMR).
  • NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • 13 C NMR and/or 1 H NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • molecular weight of an alpha-glucan herein can be represented as weightaverage molecular weight (Mw) or number-average molecular weight (Mn), the units of which are in Daltons (Da) or grams/mole.
  • molecular weight can be represented as DPw (weight average degree of polymerization) or DPn (number average degree of polymerization).
  • molecular weight can sometimes be provided as “DP” (degree of polymerization), which simply refers to the number of glucoses comprised within the alpha-glucan on an individual molecule basis.
  • DP degree of polymerization
  • HPLC high-pressure liquid chromatography
  • SEC size exclusion chromatography
  • GPC gel permeation chromatography
  • Mw of a polymer can be determined by other techniques such as static light scattering, mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight), small angle X-ray or neutron scattering, or ultracentrifugation.
  • the Mn of a polymer can be determined by various colligative property methods such as vapor pressure osmometry, end-group determination by spectroscopic methods such as proton NMR, proton FTIR, or UV-Vis.
  • particle refers to the smallest identifiable unit in a particulate system.
  • Particulated and like terms can be used to characterize particles of insoluble alphaglucan herein; particulated insoluble alpha-glucan in typical aspects of the present disclosure is as this material exists when dispersed under aqueous conditions.
  • Particle size in some aspects can refer to particle diameter and/or the length of the longest particle dimension.
  • the average size can be based on the average of diameters and/or longest particle dimensions of at least 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000, or 10000 or more particles, for example.
  • Particle size herein can be measured by a process comprising light scattering or electrical impedance change (e.g., using a Coulter Counter), for example, such as described in any of U.S. Patent Nos. 6091492, 6741350, or 9297737 (each incorporated herein by reference).
  • Particle size and/or distributions can be as measured for particles comprised in an aqueous dispersion or emulsion, for example.
  • Particle size herein can optionally be expressed by a “D ”, “D 5 o”, “D 90 ”, etc.
  • a D 5 o value is the diameter for which 50% by weight of the particles in a composition (e.g., dispersion or emulsion) have a diameter under that diameter, and 50% by weight of the particles have a diameter greater than that diameter.
  • a composition herein that is “dry” or “dried” typically has less than 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 , 0.5, or 0.1 wt% water comprised therein.
  • aqueous liquid can refer to water or an aqueous solution.
  • An “aqueous solution” herein can comprise one or more dissolved salts, where the maximal total salt concentration can be about 3.5 wt% in some aspects.
  • aqueous liquids herein typically comprise water as the only solvent in the liquid, an aqueous liquid can optionally comprise one or more other solvents (e.g., polar organic solvent) that are miscible in water.
  • an aqueous solution can comprise a solvent having at least about 10 wt% water.
  • aqueous composition herein has a liquid component that comprises about, or at least about, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 99, or 100 wt% water, for example.
  • aqueous compositions include mixtures, solutions, dispersions (e.g., colloidal dispersions), suspensions and emulsions, for example.
  • colloidal dispersion refers to a heterogeneous system having a dispersed phase and a dispersion medium, i.e. , microscopically dispersed insoluble particles are suspended throughout another substance (e.g., an aqueous composition such as water or aqueous solution).
  • a colloidal dispersion herein is a hydrocolloid. All, or a portion of, the particles of a colloidal dispersion such as a hydrocolloid can comprise insoluble alpha-glucan as presently disclosed.
  • the terms “dispersant” and “dispersion agent” are used interchangeably herein to refer to a material that promotes the formation and/or stabilization of a dispersion.
  • Dispersing herein refers to the act of preparing a dispersion of a material in an aqueous liquid.
  • latex refers to a dispersion of one or more types of polymer particles in water or aqueous solution; typically, at least particles herein are in a latex composition as a dispersed polymer component.
  • a latex is an emulsion that comprises a dispersion of at least particles herein.
  • An “emulsion” herein is a dispersion of minute droplets of one liquid in another liquid in which the droplets are not soluble or miscible (e.g., a non-polar substance such as oil or other organic liquid such as an alkane, in a polar liquid such as water or aqueous solution).
  • An emulsion further comprises dispersed alpha-glucan herein, for example, which optionally can stabilize the emulsion.
  • a “Pickering emulsion” comprises solid particles (e.g., insoluble alpha-glucan herein) on the interface between two liquid phases (e.g., water and hydrophobic additive such as oil) serving as a stabilizing agent.
  • an emulsion herein can be a “dry emulsion”.
  • a dry emulsion is typically produced by removing all or most (e.g. >95%, >99%, or >99.5%) of the water of a liquid emulsion, such as by freeze-drying or spray-drying.
  • compositions of the present disclosure can provide stability to a dispersion or emulsion, for example.
  • the “stability” (or the quality of being “stable”) of a dispersion or emulsion herein is, for example, the ability of dispersed particles of a dispersion, or liquid droplets dispersed in another liquid (emulsion), to remain dispersed (e.g., about, or at least about, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100 wt% of the particles of the dispersion or liquid droplets of the emulsion are in a dispersed state) for a period of about, or at least about, 1 , 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30, or 36 months following initial preparation of the dispersion or emulsion.
  • a stable dispersion or emulsion in some aspects can resist total sedimentation, flocculation, creaming, and/or coalescence of dispersed/emulsified material.
  • viscosity refers to the measure of the extent to which a fluid (aqueous or non-aqueous) resists a force tending to cause it to flow.
  • Various units of viscosity that can be used herein include centipoise (cP, cps) and Pascal-second (Pa s), for example.
  • cP, cps centipoise
  • Pa s Pascal-second
  • a centipoise is one one-hundredth of a poise; one poise is equal to 0.100 kg m- 1 s- 1 .
  • Viscosity can be reported as “intrinsic viscosity” (IV, r
  • IV can be measured, in part, by dissolving glucan polymer (optionally dissolved at about 100 °C for at least 2, 4, or 8 hours) in DMSO with about 0.9 to 2.5 wt% (e.g., 1 , 2, 1-2 wt%) LiCI, for example. IV herein can optionally be used as a relative measure of molecular weight.
  • an additive that “does not chemically react” (and like terminology) with an alphaglucan does not alter the chemical (covalent) structure of the alpha-glucan.
  • the presence of an additive in typical aspects does not lead to substitution of one or more hydrogens (of glucose monomer hydroxyl groups) with a group (e.g., an ether or ester group) originating from the additive.
  • the presence of an additive in typical aspects does not lead to hydrolysis (or other breakage) of one or more (i) glycosidic linkages and/or (ii) intra-glucose monomer carbon-carbon bonds.
  • hydrophobic refers to a molecule/compound (e.g., additive herein) that is nonpolar and has little or no affinity to water, and tends to repel water.
  • hydrophilic refers to a molecule/compound (e.g., additive herein) that is polar and has affinity to interact with polar solvents (e.g., water) and/or with other polar groups. A hydrophilic molecule tends to attract water.
  • oil typically refers to a lipid that is liquid at 25 °C and that is hydrophobic and soluble in organic solvents. Oil is typically composed primarily of triacylglycerols, but may also contain other neutral lipids, as well as phospholipids and free fatty acids. An oil can be from a plant, animal, or mineral source, for example.
  • a “wax” herein typically refers to an ester of a single fatty acid with a single long- chain alcohol. Generally, a wax is solid at temperatures below 45 or 50 °C, and/or is aqueous insoluble under both caustic and non-caustic conditions.
  • sequence identity As used herein with respect to a polypeptide amino acid sequence (e.g., that of a glucosyltransferase) can be as defined and determined in U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. No. 2017/0002336, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • polypeptide amino acid sequences are disclosed herein as features of certain embodiments. Variants of these sequences that are at least about 70-85%, 85- 90%, or 90%-95% identical to the sequences disclosed herein can be used or referenced. Alternatively, a variant amino acid sequence can have at least 70%, 71 %, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 99.5% identity with a sequence disclosed herein.
  • the variant amino acid sequence has the same function/activity of the disclosed sequence, or at least about 80%, 81 %, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the function/activity of the disclosed sequence.
  • household care product typically refer to products, goods and services relating to the treatment, cleaning, caring, and/or conditioning of a home and its contents.
  • the foregoing includes, for example, chemicals, compositions, products, or combinations thereof having application in such care.
  • a “fabric care composition”, “laundry care composition”, and like terms refer to any composition suitable for treating fabric, non-wovens, and/or any similar material in some manner. Examples of such a composition include laundry detergents and fabric softeners.
  • a “detergent composition” herein typically comprises at least a surfactant (detergent compound) and/or a builder.
  • a “surfactant” herein refers to a substance that tends to reduce the surface tension of a liquid in which the substance is dissolved.
  • a surfactant may act as a detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, foaming agent, and/or dispersant, for example.
  • an emulsion herein has at least one surfactant that interfaces between water and hydrophobic additive phases of the emulsion; this presence of a surfactant can optionally be in addition to the presence of insoluble alpha-glucan herein at the emulsion phase interface.
  • personal care product typically refer to products, goods and services relating to the treatment, cleaning, cleansing, caring or conditioning of a person.
  • the foregoing include, for example, chemicals, compositions, products, or combinations thereof having application in such care.
  • medical product typically refer to products, goods and services relating to the diagnosis, treatment, and/or care of patients.
  • industrial product typically refer to products, goods and services used in industrial or institutional settings, but typically not by individual consumers.
  • an ingestible product refers to any substance that, either alone or together with another substance, may be taken orally (i.e. , by mouth), whether intended for consumption or not.
  • an ingestible product includes food/beverage products.
  • Food/beverage products refer to any edible product intended for consumption (e.g., for nutritional purposes) by humans or animals, including solids, semi-solids, or liquids.
  • a “food” herein can optionally be referred to as a “foodstuff”, “food product”, or other like term, for example.
  • “Non-edible products” (“nonedible compositions”) refer to any composition that can be taken by the mouth for purposes other than food or beverage consumption. Examples of non-edible products herein include supplements, nutraceuticals, functional food products, pharmaceutical products, oral care products (e.g., dentifrices, mouthwashes), and cosmetic products such as sweetened lip balms.
  • a “pharmaceutical product”, “medicine”, “medication”, “drug” or like term herein refers to a composition used to treat disease or injury, and can be administered enterally or parenterally.
  • percent by volume percent by volume of a solute in a solution
  • percent by volume of a solute in a solution can be determined using the formula: [(volume of solute)/(volume of solution)] x 100%.
  • Percent by weight refers to the percentage of a material on a mass basis as it is comprised in a composition, mixture, or solution.
  • Weight/volume percent can be calculated as: ((mass [g] of material)/(total volume [mL] of the material plus the liquid in which the material is placed)) x 100%.
  • the material can be insoluble in the liquid (i.e. , be a solid phase in a liquid phase, such as with a dispersion), or soluble in the liquid (i.e., be a solute dissolved in the liquid).
  • isolated means a substance (or process) in a form or environment that does not occur in nature.
  • a non-limiting example of an isolated substance includes any aqueous alpha-glucan composition disclosed herein (e.g., dispersion or emulsion). It is believed that the embodiments disclosed herein are synthetic/man-made (could not have been made or practiced except for human intervention/involvement), and/or have properties that are not naturally occurring.
  • the term “increased” as used herein can refer to a quantity or activity that is at least about 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11 %, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 50%, 100%, or 200% more than the quantity or activity for which the increased quantity or activity is being compared.
  • the terms “increased”, “elevated”, “enhanced”, “greater than”, “improved” and the like are used interchangeably herein.
  • alpha-glucan comprises about, or at least about, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, or 100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages (i.e., the alpha-glucan is an alpha-1 , 3-glucan).
  • an insoluble alpha-glucan has about, or less than about, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0% glycosidic linkages that are not alpha-1 ,3.
  • the glycosidic linkages that are not alpha-1 ,3 are mostly or entirely alpha-1 ,6.
  • an insoluble alpha-glucan has no branch points or less than about 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1 % branch points as a percent of the glycosidic linkages in the alpha-glucan.
  • the DPw, DPn, or DP of alpha-glucan in some aspects can be about, at least about, or less than about, 10, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, or 4000.
  • DPw, DPn, or DP can optionally be expressed as a range between any two of these values.
  • the DPw, DPn, or DP can be about 50-1600, 100-1600, 200-1600, 300-1600, 400-1600, 500-1600, 600-1600, 700- 1600, 700-900, 50-1250, 100-1250, 200-1250, 300-1250, 400-1250, 500-1250, 600- 1250, 700-1250, 50-1000, 100-1000, 200-1000, 300-1000, 400-1000, 500-1000, 600- 1000, 700-1000, 50-900, 100-900, 200-900, 300-900, 400-900, 500-900, 600-900, 700- 900, 600-800, 600-750, 1500-1800, or 1500-1700, 1600-1800.
  • the DPw, DPn, or DP can be about 15-100, 25-100, 35-100, 15-80, 25-80, 35-80, 15-60, 25-60, 35-60, 15-55, 25-55, 35-55, 15-50, 25-50, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40- 100, 40-80, 40-60, 40-55, 40-50, 45-60, 45-55, 45-50, 15-35, 20-35, 15-30, or 20-30.
  • the DPw, DPn, or DP can be about 100-600, 100-500, 100- 400, 100-300, 200-600, 200-500, 200-400, or 200-300.
  • alpha-glucan can have a high molecular weight as reflected by high intrinsic viscosity (IV); e.g., IV can be about, or at least about, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 , 22, 6- 8, 6-7, 6-22, 6-20, 6-17, 6-15, 6-12, 10-22, 10-20, 10-17, 10-15, 10-12, 12-22, 12-20, 12- 17, or 12-15 dL/g (for comparison purposes, note that the IV of alpha-glucan with at least 90% (e.g., about 99% or 100%) alpha-1 ,3 linkages and a DPw of about 800 has an IV of about 2-2.5 dL/g).
  • IV intrinsic viscosity
  • Alpha-glucan herein can be as disclosed (e.g., molecular weight, linkage profile, and/or production method), for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 7000000, 8871474, 10301604, or 10260053, or U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. Nos.
  • Alpha-glucan can be produced, for example, by an enzymatic reaction comprising at least water, sucrose and a glucosyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes the alpha-glucan.
  • Glucosyltransferases, reaction conditions, and/or processes contemplated to be useful for producing alphaglucan can be as disclosed in any of the foregoing references.
  • a glucosyltransferase enzyme for producing alpha-glucan herein can comprise an amino acid sequence that is 100% identical to, or at least 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, or 99.5% identical to, SEQ ID NO:2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 26, 28, 30, 34, or 59, or amino acid residues 55- 960 of SEQ ID NO:4, residues 54-957 of SEQ ID NO:65, residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:30, residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:28, or residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:20, and have glucosyltransferase activity; these amino acid sequences are disclosed in U.S.
  • a glucosyltransferase enzyme comprising SEQ ID NO:2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 20, 26, 28, 30, 34, or amino acid residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:4, residues 54-957 of SEQ ID NO:65, residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:30, residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:28, or residues 55-960 of SEQ ID NO:20, can synthesize alpha-glucan comprising at least about 90% (-100%) alpha-1 ,3 linkages.
  • Alpha-glucan herein typically does not have any chemical derivatization (e.g., etherification, esterification, phosphorylation, sulfation, oxidation, carbamation) (e.g., no substitution of hydrogens of glucan hydroxyl groups with a non-sugar chemical group).
  • alpha-glucan can be a charged (e.g., cationic or anionic) derivative of an alpha-glucan as disclosed herein.
  • the DoS of such a derivative typically is less than about 0.3, 0.25, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 , or 0.05.
  • the type of derivative can be any of the foregoing derivatives (e.g., ether, ester).
  • alpha-glucan herein is enzymatically derived in an inert vessel (typically under cell-free conditions) and is not derived from a cell wall (e.g., fungal cell wall).
  • At least about 65% by weight of alpha-glucan particles (e.g., as partially precipitated at pH 12.5-13.2 or any other relevant pH disclosed herein, in a dispersion and/or an emulsion herein) have a diameter of less than 2.0, 1 .5, or 1.0 micron.
  • alpha-glucan particles have a diameter of less than about 2.0, 1.5, or 1 .0 micron.
  • alpha-glucan particles have an average diameter of about, or less than about, 1.0, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.3-0.8, 0.3-0.7, 0.3-0.6, 0.4-0.8, 0.4-0.7, or 0.4-0.6 micron particles (e.g., as partially precipitated at pH 12.5-13.2 or any other relevant pH disclosed herein, in a dispersion and/or an emulsion herein).
  • the foregoing particle size and/or distributions for particles can be as measured for particles comprised in an aqueous dispersion, emulsion, and/or as measured using a light scatter technique, for example.
  • an aqueous composition of the present disclosure (e.g., a dispersion of undissolved alpha-glucan in the presence of dissolved alpha-glucan, typically at pH 12.5-13.2 or any other relevant pH disclosed herein; the aqueous composition can further be an emulsion in some aspects) comprises about, at least about, or less than about, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 0.25-5%, 0.25-3%, 0.25-2.5%, 0.25-2%, 0.25-1.5%, 0.25-1.25%, 0.25-1%, 0.25- 0.75%, 0.25-0.5%, 0.5-5%, 0.5-3%, 0.5-2.5%, 0.5-2%, 0.5-1.5%, 0.5-1.25%, 0.5-1 %, 0.5-0.75%, 0.75-5%, 0.75-3%, 0.75-2.5%, 0.75-2%, 0.75-1.5%, 0.75-1.25%, 0.75-1.2
  • an aqueous composition (e.g., dispersion and/or emulsion) of the present disclosure comprises about, or at least about, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 92.5%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 30-70%, 30-60%, 40-70%, 40-60%, or 45-55% by weight (or by volume) water.
  • the water content can be on a vol% basis, and typically the vol% is any of the foregoing values/ranges between 30-70%).
  • an aqueous composition e.g., emulsion
  • aqueous composition comprises about, or at least about, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 30-70%, 30- 60%, 40-70%, 40-60%, or 45-55% by weight (or by volume) of one or more hydrophobic additives.
  • a hydrophobic additive herein can be a liquid (in the form of a liquid), for example, or in any other form such as a malleable form (e.g., wax).
  • hydrophobic additives herein include oil such as mineral oil, silicone oil (e.g., dimethicone/polydimethylsiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane), paraffin oil, or plant/vegetable oil (e.g., linseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, coconut oil, canola oil, com oil, sunflower oil, grape seed oil, cocoa butter, olive oil, rice bran oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, palm kernel oil); shortening (e.g., vegetable shortening); lipid; fat (e.g., lard, tallow, animal fat); glyceride (e.g., tri-, di- and/or mono-glyceride; e.g., caprylic/capric triglyceride); glycerol (glycerin) (or other polyol such as low molecular weight polyol); fatty acid; fatty aldeh
  • Emulsion droplet size in some aspects can be about, or less than about, 22, 20, 17.5, 15, 12.5, 10, 7.5, 5, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 10-20, 10-15, 15-20, or 6-9 microns in diameter), for example.
  • This size can be uniform (e.g., standard deviation under 2 or 3 microns), for example.
  • one or more additional components/ingredients can be present in an aqueous composition herein.
  • other components can be any as disclosed herein, such as one or more of a salt, buffer, oil, organic solvent, enzyme, enzyme byproduct (e.g., glucosyltransferase byproduct such as leucrose, glucose, or glucooligosaccharide; e.g., fructose coproduct or unreacted sucrose, both of which are not byproducts per se), surfactant, preservative, personal care product ingredient, household care product ingredient, industrial product ingredient, ingestible product (e.g., food product) ingredient, medical product ingredient, or pharmaceutical product ingredient.
  • a salt e.g., buffer, oil, organic solvent, enzyme, enzyme byproduct (e.g., glucosyltransferase byproduct such as leucrose, glucose, or glucooligosaccharide; e.g., fructose coproduct or unreacted sucrose, both of which are
  • an aqueous composition can consist of, or essentially consist of (e.g., further have one or more salts or buffers), (i) water, (ii) insoluble alphaglucan, and (iii) one or more hydrophobic additives; such a composition can optionally be stored and used for later formulation preparation (i.e., addition of one or more other ingredients/additives herein).
  • An aqueous composition of the disclosure in some aspects has no (detectable) dissolved sugars, or about 0.1-1.5, 0.1-1.25, 0.1-1.0, 0.1-.75, 0.1-0.5, 0.2-0.6, 0.3-0.5, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or 0.6 wt% dissolved sugars.
  • dissolved sugars can include sucrose, fructose, glucose, leucrose, and/or soluble gluco-oligosaccharides, for example.
  • a composition in some aspects can have one or more salts/buffers (e.g., Na + , Ch, NaCI, phosphate, tris, citrate) (e.g., ⁇ 0.1 , 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 wt%), and/or a pH of 12.5 to 13.2 (e.g., pH 12.6 to 13.1 , pH 12.7 to 13.1 , pH 12.7, pH 12.8, pH 12.9, pH 13.0, pH 13.1) or about 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 4.0-9.0, 4.0-8.0, 5.0-9.0, 5.0- 8.5, 5.0-8.0 6.0-9.0, or 6.0-8.0, or a suitable neutral pH, for example.
  • salts/buffers e.g., Na + , Ch, NaCI, phosphate, tris, citrate
  • pH of 12.5 to 13.2 e.g., pH 12.6 to 13.1 ,
  • the temperature of an aqueous composition herein can be about, at least about, or less than about, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 37, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 10-30, 10-25, 15-50, 15-30, 15-25, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-30, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35-40, 35-50, 40-45, 50-60, 110-130, 110-125, 110-120, 115-130, or 115-125 °C, for example.
  • Such a temperature can optionally characterize the conditions used to prepare an aqueous composition in some aspects.
  • the liquid component of an aqueous composition can be an aqueous fluid such as water or aqueous solution, for instance.
  • the solvent of an aqueous solution typically is water, or can comprise about, or at least about, 80, 90, 95, 98, or 99 wt% water, for example.
  • An aqueous composition herein can have a viscosity of about, at least about, or less than about, 1 , 5, 10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 15000, 20000, 25000, 1-300, 10-300, 25-300, 50- 300, 1-250, 10-250, 25-250, 50-250, 1-200, 10-200, 25-200, 50-200, 1-150, 10-150, 25- 150, 50-150, 1-100, 10-100, 25-100, or 50-100 centipoise (cps, cP), for example.
  • centipoise centipoise
  • Viscosity can be as measured with an aqueous composition herein at any temperature between about 3 °C to about 80 °C, for example (e.g., 4-30 °C, 15-30 °C, 15-25 °C), ), or any particular temperature disclosed herein for an aqueous composition.
  • Viscosity typically is as measured at atmospheric pressure (about 760 torr) or a pressure that is ⁇ 10% thereof.
  • Viscosity can be measured using a viscometer or rheometer, for example, and can optionally be as measured at a shear rate (rotational shear rate) of about 0.1 , 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 3, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 0.1-500, 0.1-100, 1.0-500, 1.0- 1000, or 1.0-100 S’ 1 (1/s), or about 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 250 rpm (revolutions per minute), for example.
  • a shear rate rotational shear rate
  • insoluble particles of an aqueous composition herein are dispersed through about, or at least about, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, 99%, or 100% of the volume of the aqueous composition.
  • a level of dispersion is contemplated to be for a time (typically beginning from initial preparation of the dispersion) of about, at least about, or up to about, 0.5, 1 , 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, or 360 days, or 1 , 2, or 3 years.
  • an aqueous composition is a stable emulsion; any of the above dispersal-volume percentages and/or times of such stability can likewise characterize dispersed/emulsified oil droplets.
  • stability can additionally or alternatively characterize an emulsion in which the average emulsion droplet size is relatively small (e.g., about, or less than about, 22, 20, 17.5, 15, 12.5, 10, 7.5, 5, 5-20, 5- 15, 5-10, 10-20, 10-15, 15-20, or 6-9 microns in diameter) and typically uniform in size.
  • a small average droplet size equates to an elevated total droplet surface area.
  • stability can additionally or alternatively characterize an emulsion having an average storage modulus (Avg.
  • G’ (also referred to as elastic modulus) of about, or at least about, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 1000- 10000, 1000-9000, 1000-8000, 5000-10000, 5000-9000, 5000-8000, 7000-10000, 7000- 9000, or 7000-8000 Pascals, such as measured with a shear strain (y) of about 10’ 2 , 10’ 1 , 10°, or 10 1 .
  • the storage modulus of an emulsion herein can be measured according to the below Examples, or as disclosed in Varanasi et al. (2018, Frontiers Chem. 6:1-9, Article 409, incorporated herein by reference), for example.
  • an aqueous composition is suitable for use in an application/product in which dispersion or emulsion stabilization improves the performance of the application/product.
  • milk/dairy products e.g., yogurt, ice cream, cream
  • mayonnaise salad dressings
  • beverages/tonics as carriers for delivering non-polar bioactive ingredients
  • cosmetic or pharmaceutical lotions/creams/foams/serums waterborne/latex paints
  • defoaming formulations rolling oils for metal working, mining explosives, agrochemical formulations
  • downhole fluids such as for enhanced oil recovery operations, or pharmaceutical carrier or encapsulation systems.
  • An aqueous composition herein can optionally contain one or more enzymes (active enzymes).
  • suitable enzymes include proteases, cellulases, hemicellulases, peroxidases, lipolytic enzymes (e.g., metallolipolytic enzymes), xylanases, lipases, phospholipases, esterases (e.g., arylesterase, polyesterase), perhydrolases, cutinases, pectinases, pectate lyases, mannanases, keratinases, reductases, oxidases (e.g., choline oxidase), phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, beta-glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidases, chondroitinases, laccases, metalloproteinases
  • an enzyme(s) may be comprised in a composition herein at about 0.0001-0.1 wt% (e.g., 0.01-0.03 wt%) active enzyme (e.g., calculated as pure enzyme protein), for example.
  • an enzyme herein e.g., any of the above such as cellulase, protease, amylase, and/or lipase
  • an enzyme herein can be present in an aqueous composition in which a fabric or dish is treated (e.g., wash liquor, grey water) at a concentration that is minimally about 0.01-0.1 ppm total enzyme protein, or about 0.1-10 ppb total enzyme protein (e.g., less than 1 ppm), to maximally about 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 5000 ppm total enzyme protein, for example.
  • An aqueous composition herein can optionally contain one or more organic solvents such as a polar organic solvent.
  • a polar organic solvent in some aspects can be protic.
  • protic polar organic solvents herein include an alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, 1 -propanol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-butanol, iso-butanol), methyl formamide and formamide.
  • protic polar organic solvents herein include n-butanol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropyleneglycol, polypropylene glycol, 2-methoxyethanol, 1- methoxy-2-propanol, glycerol, 1 ,2-propanediol, and 1 ,3-propanetriol.
  • a polar organic solvent in some aspects can be aprotic.
  • Examples of aprotic polar organic solvents herein include acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N- dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, propylene carbonate, and sulfolane. Additional examples of aprotic polar organic solvents herein include hexamethylphosphoramide, dimethylimidazolidinone (1 ,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), dioxane, nitromethane, and butanone. In general, ester, ketone and aldehyde solvents having no acidic hydrogen atom are other examples of aprotic polar organic solvents herein.
  • Organic solvent(s) can constitute about, or up to about, 10% or 20% by weight or volume of the solvent (balance is water), for example, of an aqueous composition.
  • An aqueous composition herein can optionally contain one or more preservatives.
  • preservatives herein include phenoxyethanol, caprylyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin, benzoate (e.g., sodium benzoate), diazolidinyl urea, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, methylcholoroisothiasolinone, methylisothiasolinone, sorbate, benzisothiazolinone, paraben (e.g., methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, isobutylparaben), nitrate (e.g., sodium nitrate), propionate (e.g., sodium propionate), levulinic acid, anisic acid, formal
  • An aqueous composition as presently disclosed can be in the form of, or comprised in (e.g., as an ingredient/component of), a household care product, personal care product, industrial product, ingestible product (e.g., food product), medical product, or pharmaceutical product, for example, such as described in any of U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. Nos. 2018/0022834, 2018/0237816, 2018/0230241 , 20180079832, 2016/0311935, 2016/0304629, 2015/0232785, 2015/0368594, 2015/0368595, 2016/0122445, 2019/0202942, or 2019/0309096, or International Patent Appl. Publ. No.
  • an aqueous composition can comprise at least one component/ingredient of a household care product, personal care product, industrial product, pharmaceutical product, medical product, or ingestible product (e.g., food product) as disclosed in any of the foregoing publications and/or as presently disclosed.
  • An aqueous composition in some aspects is believed to be useful for providing one or more of the following physical properties to a personal care product, pharmaceutical product, household product, industrial product, or ingestible product (e.g., food product): thickening, freeze/thaw stability, lubricity, moisture retention and release, texture, consistency, shape retention, emulsification, binding, suspension, dispersion, gelation, for example.
  • ingestible product e.g., food product
  • Personal care products herein are not particularly limited and include, for example, skin care compositions, cosmetic compositions, antifungal compositions, and antibacterial compositions.
  • Personal care products herein may be in the form of, for example, lotions, creams, foams, pastes, balms, ointments, pomades, gels, liquids, serums, combinations of these and the like.
  • the personal care products disclosed herein can include at least one active ingredient, if desired.
  • An active ingredient is generally recognized as an ingredient that causes an intended pharmacological effect.
  • a personal care product in some aspects can be a skin care product.
  • a skin care product can be used on, and/or be designed for, general body application or targeted application (e.g., to hands or feet), for example.
  • a skin care product in some aspects can be used on hair and/or nails (or exclusively for nails) in some aspects.
  • a skin care product can be applied to skin for addressing skin damage related to a lack of moisture.
  • a skin care product may also be used to address the visual appearance of skin (e.g., reduce the appearance of flaky, cracked, and/or red skin) and/or the tactile feel of the skin (e.g., reduce roughness and/or dryness of the skin while improved the softness and subtleness of the skin).
  • a skin care product typically may include at least one active ingredient for the treatment or prevention of skin ailments, providing a cosmetic effect, or for providing a moisturizing benefit to skin, such as zinc oxide, petrolatum, white petrolatum, mineral oil, cod liver oil, lanolin, dimethicone, hard fat, vitamin A, allantoin, calamine, kaolin, glycerin, or colloidal oatmeal, and combinations of these.
  • active ingredient for the treatment or prevention of skin ailments, providing a cosmetic effect, or for providing a moisturizing benefit to skin, such as zinc oxide, petrolatum, white petrolatum, mineral oil, cod liver oil, lanolin, dimethicone, hard fat, vitamin A, allantoin, calamine, kaolin, glycerin, or colloidal oatmeal, and combinations of these.
  • a skin care product may include one or more natural moisturizing factors such as ceramides, hyaluronic acid, glycerin, squalane, amino acids, cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, glycosphingolipids, urea, linoleic acid, glycosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharide, sodium lactate, or sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, for example.
  • natural moisturizing factors such as ceramides, hyaluronic acid, glycerin, squalane, amino acids, cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, glycosphingolipids, urea, linoleic acid, glycosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharide, sodium lactate, or sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, for example.
  • ingredients that may be included in a skin care product include, without limitation, glycerides, apricot kernel oil, canola oil, squalane, squalene, coconut oil, com oil, jojoba oil, jojoba wax, lecithin, olive oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, shea butter, soybean oil, sweet almond oil, sunflower oil, tea tree oil, shea butter, palm oil, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, wax esters, fatty acids, and orange oil.
  • a skin care product can be an ointment, lotion, or sanitizer (e.g., hand sanitizer) in some aspects.
  • a skin care product/formulation that can be adapted to be an aqueous composition herein can be as disclosed in, for example, US20100189669, US20200093799, US20080014162, US20050002889, US20020039565, US20080213323, US20040022822, US20070166249, US20080152606, US20080008668, US20140256830, US20030206932, US20030114323, US20110152335, US20150202139, US20040180026, US4595586, US4268526, US4272519, US4285967, US4368189, US4372944, US4699780, US4816271 , US4839164, US4464362, US5552135, US5693255, US5976555, US5607921 , US5618523, US5798108, US5356627, US5811083, US5939085, US6280714, US8465973, US9867774, US11110049,
  • a personal care product herein can also be in the form of makeup, lipstick, mascara, rouge, foundation, blush, eyeliner, lip liner, lip gloss, other cosmetics, sunscreen, sun block, nail polish, nail conditioner, bath gel, shower gel, body wash, face wash, lip balm, skin conditioner, cream, foam, cold cream, moisturizer, body spray, soap, body scrub, exfoliant, astringent, scruffing lotion, depilatory, permanent waving solution, antidandruff formulation, antiperspirant composition, deodorant, shaving product, preshaving product, after-shaving product, cleanser, skin gel, serum (skin serum), rinse, dentifrice composition, toothpaste, or mouthwash, for example.
  • An example of a personal care product (e.g., a cleanser, soap, scrub, cosmetic) comprises a carrier or exfoliation agent (e.g., jojoba beads [jojoba ester beads]) (e.g., about 1-10, 3-7, 4-6, or 5 wt%); such an agent may optionally be dispersed within the product.
  • a personal care product in some aspects can be a hair care product.
  • hair care products herein include shampoo, hair conditioner (leave-in or rinse-out), cream rinse, hair dye, hair coloring product, hair shine product, hair serum, hair anti-frizz product, hair split-end repair product, mousse, hair spray, and styling gel.
  • a hair care product can be in the form of a liquid, paste, gel, cream, foam, solid, or powder in some embodiments.
  • a hair care product as presently disclosed typically comprises one or more of the following ingredients, which are generally used to formulate hair care products: anionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylenelauryl ether sodium sulfate; cationic surfactants such as stearyltrimethylammonium chloride and/or distearyltrimethylammonium chloride; nonionic surfactants such as glyceryl monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate and/or polyoxyethylenecetyl ether; wetting agents such as propylene glycol, 1 ,3-butylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, pyroglutamic acid salts, amino acids and/or trimethylglycine; hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffins, petrolatum, solid paraffins, squalane and/or olefin oligomers; higher alcohols such as steary
  • An personal care product in some aspects can be a hair care composition such as a hair styling or hair setting composition (e.g., hair gel or lotion, hair mousse/foam, hair serum) (e.g., foam, creme, paste, non-runny gel, mousse, pomade, lacquer, hair wax).
  • a hair styling or hair setting composition e.g., hair gel or lotion, hair mousse/foam, hair serum
  • hair serum e.g., foam, creme, paste, non-runny gel, mousse, pomade, lacquer, hair wax
  • a hair styling/setting composition/formulation that can be adapted to be an aqueous composition herein can be as disclosed in, for example, US20090074697, WO1999048462, US20130068849, JPH0454116A, US5304368, AU667246B2, US5413775, US5441728, US5939058, JP2001302458A, US6346234, US20020085988, US7169380, US20090060858, US20090326151, US20160008257, W02020164769, or US20110217256, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a hair care composition such as a hair styling/setting composition can comprise one or more ingredients/additives as disclosed in any of the foregoing references, and/or one or more of a fragrance/perfume, aroma therapy essence, herb, infusion, antimicrobial, stimulant (e.g., caffeine), essential oil, hair coloring, dying or tinting agent, anti-gray agent, antifoam agent, sunscreen/UV-blocker (e.g., benzophenone-4), vitamin, antioxidant, surfactant or other wetting agent, mica, silica, metal flakes or other glitter-effect material, conditioning agent (e.g., a volatile or non-volatile silicone fluid), anti-static agent, opacifier, detackifying agent, penetrant, preservative (e.g., phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, benzoate, diazolidinyl urea, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate), emollient (e.g.,
  • Optional hair fixing/styling agents herein include PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, vinyl caprolactam/PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, AMPHOMER, or any film former such as listed above.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer vinyl caprolactam/PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer
  • AMPHOMER AMPHOMER
  • a hair styling/setting composition can comprise a solvent comprising water and optionally a water-miscible (typically polar) organic compound (e.g., liquid or gas) such as an alcohol (e.g., ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, tert-butanol), an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, and/or a monoalkyl or dialkyl ether (e.g., dimethyl ether), for example.
  • an organic compound can constitute about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 60% by weight or volume of the solvent (balance is water), for example.
  • the amount of solvent in a hair styling/setting composition herein can be about 50-90, 60-90, 70-90, 80-90, 50-95, 60-95, 70-95, 80-95, or 90-95 wt%, for example.
  • a pharmaceutical product herein can be in the form of an emulsion, liquid, elixir, gel, suspension, solution, cream, foam, serum, or ointment, for example.
  • a pharmaceutical product herein can be in the form of any of the personal care products disclosed herein, such as an antibacterial or antifungal composition.
  • a pharmaceutical product can further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • a composition herein can also be used in capsules, encapsulants, tablets, tablet coatings, and as an excipients for medicaments and drugs.
  • a household care and/or industrial product herein can be in the form of drywall tape-joint compounds; mortars; grouts; cement plasters; spray plasters; cement stucco; adhesives; pastes; wall/ceiling texturizers; binders and processing aids for tape casting, extrusion forming, injection molding and ceramics; spray adherents and suspending/dispersing aids for pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers; fabric care products such as fabric softeners and laundry detergents; hard surface cleaners; air fresheners; polymer emulsions; latex; gels such as water-based gels; surfactant solutions; paints such as water-based paints; protective coatings; adhesives; sealants and caulks; inks such as water-based ink; metal-working fluids; films or coatings; or emulsion-based metal cleaning fluids used in electroplating, phosphatizing, galvanizing and/or general metal cleaning operations, for example.
  • a composition herein is comprised in
  • ingestible products herein include a food, beverage, animal feed, an animal health and/or nutrition product, and/or pharmaceutical product.
  • the intended use of a composition as presently disclosed in an ingestible product can be to provide texture, add volume, and/or thicken, for example.
  • compositions of the present disclosure for ingestible products include use as: a bulking, binding and/or coating ingredient; a carrier for coloring agents, flavors/fragrances, and/or high intensity sweeteners; a spray drying adjunct; a bulking, bodying, dispersing and/or emulsification agent; and an ingredient for promoting moisture retention (humectant).
  • a composition of the present disclosure for ingestible products include use as: a bulking, binding and/or coating ingredient; a carrier for coloring agents, flavors/fragrances, and/or high intensity sweeteners; a spray drying adjunct; a bulking, bodying, dispersing and/or emulsification agent; and an ingredient for promoting moisture retention (humectant).
  • products that can be prepared having a composition herein include food products, beverage products, pharmaceutical products, nutritional products, and sports products.
  • beverage products herein include concentrated beverage mixes, carbonated beverages, non-carbonated beverages, fruit-flavored beverages, fruit juices, teas, coffee, milk nectars, powdered drinks, liquid concentrates, milk drinks, ready-to-drink (RTD) products, smoothies, alcoholic beverages, flavored waters and combinations thereof.
  • RTD ready-to-drink
  • Examples of food products herein include baked goods (e.g., breads), confectioneries, frozen dairy products, meats, artificial/synthetic/cultured meat, cereal products (e.g., breakfast cereals), dairy products (e.g., yogurt), condiments (e.g., mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise), snack bars, soups, dressings, mixes, prepared foods, baby foods, diet preparations, peanut butter, syrups, sweeteners, food coatings, pet food, animal feed, animal health and nutrition products, dried fruit, sauces, gravies, jams/jellies, dessert products, spreads, batters, breadings, spice mixes, frostings and the like.
  • baked goods e.g., breads
  • confectioneries frozen dairy products
  • meats e.g., artificial/synthetic/cultured meat
  • cereal products e.g., breakfast cereals
  • dairy products e.g., yogurt
  • condiments e.g., mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise
  • snack bars
  • a composition herein can provide or enhance the foaming of beverages such as dairy beverages, non-dairy alternative beverages (e.g., “vegan” milk such as soy milk, almond milk, or coconut milk), dairy creamers, and/or non-dairy creamers (e.g., for a hot beverage such as coffee [e.g., cappuccino], tea [e.g., chai tea]).
  • dairy beverages such as dairy beverages, non-dairy alternative beverages (e.g., “vegan” milk such as soy milk, almond milk, or coconut milk), dairy creamers, and/or non-dairy creamers (e.g., for a hot beverage such as coffee [e.g., cappuccino], tea [e.g., chai tea]).
  • An aqueous composition as presently disclosed can be in the form of, or comprised in (e.g., as an ingredient/component of), a latex composition, for example.
  • latex compositions herein include paint (e.g., primer, finishing/decorative), adhesives, films, coatings, and binders.
  • Formulations and/or components (in addition to alpha-glucan particles herein) of a latex composition herein can be as described in, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6881782, 3440199, 3294709, 5312863, 4069186, or 6297296, or U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. No. 2020/0263026, which are all incorporated herein by reference.
  • Alpha-glucan as presently disclosed can be present in a latex composition in any useful amount, such as at about, or at least about, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 0.01%-75% 0.01 %-5%, 5%-20%, 20%-50%, or 50%-75% based on the weight of all the dispersed polymer solids of the latex.
  • a latex composition in some aspects can comprise a polymer polymerized from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer (e.g., monoethylenically unsaturated monomer); polyurethane; epoxy, and/or a rubber elastomer.
  • ethylenically unsaturated monomers e.g., vinyl monomers, acrylic monomers, allylic monomers, acrylamide monomers, monocarboxylic unsaturated acids and dicarboxylic unsaturated acids.
  • Suitable vinyl monomers of a polymer in a latex composition herein include any compounds having vinyl functionality (i.e. , ethylenic unsaturation) such as vinyl esters (e.g., vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl laurate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl nonanoate, vinyl decanoate, vinyl neodecanoate, vinyl butyrates, vinyl benzoates, vinyl isopropyl acetates), vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., styrene, methyl styrenes and similar lower alkyl styrenes, chlorostyrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl naphthalene, divinyl benzene), vinyl aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., vinyl chloride; vinylidene chloride; alpha olefins such as ethylene, propylene and isobutylene; conjugated dienes such as 1 ,3- butadiene, methyl-2-buta
  • alkyl acrylates examples include alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, acrylate acids, methacrylate acids, aromatic derivatives of acrylic and methacrylic acid, acrylamides, and acrylonitrile.
  • alkyl acrylate and methacrylic monomers also referred to as alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
  • alkyl ester portion containing from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms per molecule, or from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms per molecule.
  • a latex composition in some aspects comprises a polyurethane polymer.
  • suitable polyurethane polymers are those comprising polysaccharides as disclosed in U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. No. 2019/0225737, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a latex comprising a polyurethane can be prepared, for example, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. No. 2016/0347978, which is incorporated herein by reference, and/or comprise the reaction product of one or more polyisocyanates with one or more polyols.
  • Useful polyols include polycarbonate polyols, polyester polyols and polyether polyols, for example.
  • Polycarbonate polyurethane herein can be formed as the reaction product of a polyol such as 1 ,3-propanediol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, or tetraethylene glycol, with a diaryl carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene.
  • a polyol such as 1 ,3-propanediol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, or tetraethylene glycol
  • a diaryl carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene.
  • At least one polyisocyanate herein can be an aliphatic polyisocyanate, aromatic polyisocyanate, or polyisocyanate that has both aromatic and aliphatic groups.
  • polyisocyanates examples include 1 ,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, bis(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane, 1 ,3-bis(1- isocyanato-1 -methylethyl)benzene, bis(4-isocyanatophenyl)methane, 2,4'- diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4- diisocyanatotoluene, bis(3-isocyanatophenyl)methane, 1 ,4-diisocyanatobenzene, 1 ,3- diisocyanato-o-xylene, 1 ,3-diiso
  • polyisocyanate homopolymers comprising allophanate, biuret, isocyanurate, iminooxadiazinedione, or carbodiimide groups, for example.
  • a polyol herein can be any polyol comprising two or more hydroxyl groups, for example, a C2 to C12 alkane diol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2- propylene glycol, 1 ,3-propylene glycol, isomers of butane diol, pentane diol, hexane diol, heptane diol, octane diol, nonane diol, decane diol, undecane diol, dodecane diol, 2- methyl-1 ,3-propane diol, 2,2-dimethyl-1 ,3-propane diol (neopentyl glycol), 1 ,4- bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, 1 ,4
  • a polyol herein can be poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol, polyethylene glycol, or poly 1 ,3-propane diol.
  • a polyol in some aspects can be polyester polyol, such as one produced by transesterification of aliphatic diacids with aliphatic diols. Suitable aliphatic diacids include, for example, C3 to C10 diacids, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelic acid, sebacic acid.
  • aromatic and/or unsaturated diacids can be used to form a polyester polyol.
  • a latex composition in some aspects comprises an epoxy polymer/resin (polyepoxide), such as bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, Novolac epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or glycidylamine epoxy resin.
  • an epoxy polymer/resin such as bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, Novolac epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or glycidylamine epoxy resin.
  • a latex composition in some aspects comprises a rubber elastomer.
  • a rubber elastomer can include one or more diene-based sulfur-vulcanizable elastomers having a glass transition temperature (Tg) below -30 °C, as determined, for example, by dynamic mechanical analysis.
  • a rubber elastomer herein includes natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, polybutadiene rubber, styrene/butadiene copolymer rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, neoprene, styrene/isoprene/butadiene terpolymer rubber, butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber, polyisoprene rubber, isoprene/butadiene copolymer rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene-acrylic rubber, butyl and halobutyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, fluoroelastomer, hydrocarbon rubber, polybutadiene, and silicone rubber.
  • a latex composition herein comprises alpha-glucan particles dispersed in a dispersion (other polymers such as above can optionally be dispersed along with the alpha-glucan particles) or emulsion, where the liquid component of the latex can be water or an aqueous solution.
  • An aqueous solution of a latex in some aspects can comprise an organic solvent that is either miscible or immiscible with water.
  • Suitable organic solvents herein include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, butyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, glycerol ethers, hexane, toluene, dimethyl acetamide, dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide.
  • a latex composition herein can further comprise one or more additives in some aspects.
  • additives herein include dispersants, rheological aids, antifoams, foaming agents, adhesion promoters, flame retardants, bactericides, fungicides, preservatives, optical brighteners, fillers, anti-settling agents, coalescing agents, humectants, buffers, pigments/colorants (e.g., metallic oxides, synthetic organic pigments, carbon black), viscosity modifiers, antifreeze, surfactants, binders, crosslinking agents, anticorrosion agents, hardeners, pH regulators, salts, thickeners, plasticizers, stabilizers, extenders, and matting agents.
  • additives herein include dispersants, rheological aids, antifoams, foaming agents, adhesion promoters, flame retardants, bactericides, fungicides, preservatives, optical brighteners, fillers, anti-settling agents, coalescing agents
  • a latex composition is essentially free from (e.g., less than 1 , 0.5, 0.1 , or 0.01 wt% of component) starch, starch derivative (e.g., hydroxyalkyl starch), cellulose, and/or cellulose derivative (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose).
  • insoluble alpha-glucan particles can be used to replace a portion the amount of pigment in a paint (e.g., reduce pigment by about, or at least about, 1 %, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5%, 20%, 22.5%, 25%, 27.5%, 30%, 5-15%, 5-20%, 5-25%, 5-30%, 10-15%, 10-20%, 10-25%, 10-30%, 15-20%, 15-25%, 15-30%), while optionally simultaneously increasing the opacity of the paint (despite there being less pigment) by about, or at least about, 1 %, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2, 2.25%, 1-2.25%, 1-2%, or 1-1.75%.
  • a paint e.g., reduce pigment by about, or at least about, 1 %, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5%, 20%, 22.5%, 25%, 27.5%, 30%, 5-15%, 5-20%, 5-25%, 5-30%, 10-15
  • a pigment-comprising composition examples include any of such compositions disclosed elsewhere herein (e.g., paint, primer, stain), ink, dye (e.g., food-coloring dye, fabriccoloring dye), resin, sunscreen, and cosmetics (e.g., mascara, blush, nail varnish/polish, lipstick, gloss, eyeliner, foundation, eye shadow, skin decoration composition).
  • a pigment in a pigment-comprising composition can be any pigment herein, for example.
  • Examples of a pigment for these and/or other aspects herein include oxides of titanium (e.g., titanium dioxide), zinc, iron, zirconium, cerium, and chromium; manganese violet; ultramarine blue; chromium hydrate; Prussian Blue; zinc sulfide; nitroso, nitro, azo, xanthene, quinoline, anthraquinone and/or phthalocyanine compounds; metal complex compounds; and isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane and/or quinophthalone compounds. Further pigment examples useful herein are disclosed in U.S. Patent. Appl. Publ. No. 2006/0085924, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Such a method can comprise: (a) providing an aqueous composition herein (e.g., an aqueous composition with a pH of 12.5 to 13.2 and comprising alpha-glucan herein, wherein a first fraction of the alpha-glucan is dissolved in the aqueous composition, and a second fraction of the alpha-glucan is not dissolved in the aqueous composition; any feature thereof can be as disclosed herein, for example) that further comprises at least one hydrophobic additive (that is not chemically [covalently] linked to the alpha-glucan) (the hydrophobic additive is aqueous- insoluble under non-caustic conditions [e.g., water-insoluble] and caustic conditions), (b) reducing the pH (e.g., pH neutralization, reducing pH to ⁇ 5.5 to ⁇ 8.5, or to ⁇ 6.0 to ⁇ 8.0) of the aqueous composition of step (a),
  • an aqueous composition herein e.g., an aqueous composition
  • Reducing the pH in step (b) can comprise adding one or more acids to the aqueous composition of step (a), for example.
  • suitable acids include weak acids (e.g., citric acid, acetic acid) or strong acids (e.g., sulfuric acid).
  • a method of producing an aqueous composition can be performed as disclosed in the below Examples, but with conditions/parameters (e.g., temperatures, pH values, mixing speeds, time periods, and/or concentrations) that are within 5%, 10%, 15%, and/or 20% of the disclosed conditions/parameters.
  • conditions/parameters e.g., temperatures, pH values, mixing speeds, time periods, and/or concentrations
  • compositions and methods disclosed herein include:
  • An aqueous composition with a pH of 12.5 to 13.2 (e.g., pH 12.6 to 13.1 , pH 12.7 to 13.1 , pH 12.7, pH 12.8, pH 12.9, pH 13.0, or pH 13.1) and comprising alpha-glucan, wherein a first fraction of the alpha-glucan is dissolved in the aqueous composition, and a second fraction of the alpha-glucan is not dissolved in the aqueous composition (i.e., the alpha-glucan is partially dissolved in the aqueous composition), wherein at least about 50% of the glycosidic linkages of the alpha-glucan are alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages and typically the weight-average degree of polymerization (DPw) of the alpha-glucan is at least 15 (the alpha-glucan typically is water-insoluble - i.e., the alpha-glucan is insoluble under aqueous conditions of neutral pH such as pH 7.0) (e.g., the aqueous composition
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 1 wherein at least about 90% (e.g., > -95%, or about 100%) of the glycosidic linkages of the alpha-glucan are alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages.
  • DPw of the alphaglucan is at least about 400 (e.g., DPw is about, or at least about, 600, 700, 800, or 700- 900; e.g., DPw is about, or at least about, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1500-1700, or 1600-1800).
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 4 which comprises an emulsion (i.e., the hydrophobic additive is dispersed in the aqueous phase of the aqueous composition, typically by having performed a mixing process on the aqueous composition such as homogenization).
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 4, 5, 6, or 7, which comprises about 30 to 70 percent by volume (e.g., about 40-60, 45-55, or 50 vol%) of said at least one hydrophobic additive.
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 8 which comprises about 0.25 to 1 .5 percent by weight (e.g., about 0.25-1.25, 0.25-1.0, 0.25-0.75, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1.25, 0.5-1.0, or 0.5-0.75 wt%) of said alpha-glucan (based on total of both said first and second fractions).
  • the pH is 12.6 to 13.1 (e.g., pH 12.7 to 13.1 , pH 12.7, pH 12.8, pH 12.9, pH 13.0, or pH 13.1).
  • An aqueous composition produced by reducing the pH (e.g., pH neutralization, reducing pH to about 5.5-8.5, 6.0-8.0, or 7.0) of the aqueous composition of embodiment 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein said reducing the pH precipitates the alpha-glucan of the first fraction (now, typically, none of the alpha-glucan of aqueous composition is dissolved in the aqueous composition).
  • pH e.g., pH neutralization, reducing pH to about 5.5-8.5, 6.0-8.0, or 7.0
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 14 wherein the aqueous composition is in the form of, or comprised in, a lotion or serum.
  • aqueous composition of embodiment 15, wherein the lotion or serum is a skin care product (which typically is of a personal care product or pharmaceutical product).
  • a method (process) of producing an aqueous composition comprising:
  • step (b) reducing the pH (e.g., pH neutralization, reducing pH to ⁇ 5.5 to ⁇ 8.5, or to ⁇ 6.0 to ⁇ 8.0) of the aqueous composition of step (a), thereby precipitating the alpha-glucan of the first fraction (e.g., now, typically, none of the alpha-glucan of aqueous composition is dissolved in the aqueous composition).
  • pH e.g., pH neutralization, reducing pH to ⁇ 5.5 to ⁇ 8.5, or to ⁇ 6.0 to ⁇ 8.0
  • aqueous composition provided in step (a) is according to embodiment 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 (i.e., comprises an emulsion, typically wherein such emulsion has already been subjected to a suitable emulsification mixing procedure such as homogenization to provide the emulsion), wherein the aqueous composition resulting from step (b) is an emulsion (e.g., the hydrophobic additive is an oil, and the emulsion is an oil-in-water -type emulsion) (i.e., the emulsion that was previously of an elevated pH with both the first and second alpha-glucan fractions has now been pH-reduced to form a more neutral pH emulsion having mainly, or only, undissolved alpha-glucan [with respect to the alpha-glucan component of the emulsion resulting from step (b)]).
  • the hydrophobic additive is an oil
  • the emulsion is an oil-in-water -type emulsion
  • step (b) follows step (a) (i.e., providing the emulsion in step [a] does not comprise pH neutralization before or during any mixing, such as homogenization, used to provide the emulsion in step [a]).
  • step (a) i.e., providing the emulsion in step [a] does not comprise pH neutralization before or during any mixing, such as homogenization, used to provide the emulsion in step [a].
  • step (b) follows step (a) (i.e., providing the emulsion in step [a] does not comprise pH neutralization before or during any mixing, such as homogenization, used to provide the emulsion in step [a]).
  • step (a) i.e., providing the emulsion in step [a] does not comprise pH neutralization before or during any mixing, such as homogenization, used to provide the emulsion in step [a].
  • An aqueous composition produced according to the method of embodiment 19, 20, 21 , or 22 (e.g., an aqueous product in the form of, or comprising, the aqueous composition).
  • Polysaccharide-based particles are valued for their low toxicity, biodegradability, and their environmentally friendly production that aligns with green chemistry principles. Yet, their potential in stabilizing Pickering emulsions has not been fully realized.
  • optimal conditions generally occur at a pH level where solubilized alpha-1 , 3-glucan chains coexist with their precipitated counterparts in a specific ratio.
  • solubilized chains adsorb onto the still-precipitated agglomerates, imparting steric hindrance to further aggregation, while the remaining fraction in solution serves as depletants between the precipitates, thereby inducing entropic repulsion.
  • This dual role is utilized to control the precipitated alpha-1 , 3-glucan particle size, dispersion extent of the precipitates, and the network formed between them.
  • the enhanced particle surface area induced by the increased particle dispersion facilitates the stabilization of a significantly larger interface compared to emulsions formed with alpha-1 , 3-glucan (“as received” alpha-1 , 3-glucan, FIG.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-Glucan with -100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages can be synthesized, for example, following the procedures disclosed in U.S. Appl. Publ. No. 2014/0179913 (see Example 12 therein, for example), which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a slurry of alpha-1 , 3-glucan with -100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages was prepared from an aqueous solution (0.5 L) containing Streptococcus salivarius GtfJ enzyme (100 unit/L) as described in U.S. Patent Appl. Publ. No. 2013/0244288 (incorporated herein by reference), sucrose (100 g/L), potassium phosphate buffer (10 mM), and FermaSure® antimicrobial agent (100 ppm) adjusted to pH 5.5.
  • the resulting enzyme reaction was maintained at 20-25 °C for 24 hours.
  • a slurry was formed since the alpha-1 , 3-glucan synthesized in the reaction was aqueous- insoluble.
  • the alpha-1 , 3-glucan solids were then collected using a Buchner funnel fitted with a 325-mesh screen over 40-micrometer filter paper.
  • the weight average degree of polymerization (DPw) of alpha-1 , 3-glucan used in this study was about 800, and about 100% of the glycosidic linkages of the alpha-1 , 3- glucan were alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-glucan powder was dissolved in NaOH (8 M). Briefly, stock solutions at 3, 4 and 6 wt% of alpha-1 , 3-glucan were prepared by dispersing the required weight of glucan powder in purified water (16.6 g) and stirring for 5 minutes. Next, NaOH solution (2.2 g, 8 M) was added to the dispersion and stirred for 40 minutes to dissolve the material at pH > 13.4.
  • the stock solutions were diluted in one step with a precise amount of purified water and stirred for 2 minutes using magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm to prepare alpha-1 , 3-glucan dispersions (partially dissolved system) having an alpha-1 , 3-glucan loading of 1 wt% or 1.5 wt% with the pH ranging from pH 13.1 to 12.7.
  • Alpha-1 , 3-Glucan Emulsions Preparation of Alpha-1 , 3-Glucan Emulsions:
  • Alpha-1 , 3-glucan dispersions at pH ranging from 12.7 to 13.1 and at 1 wt% or 1 .5 wt% loading were used to prepare emulsions at a 50/50 oil (dodecane)/water ratio.
  • Each emulsion was prepared using a rotor-stator homogenizer (Pro Scientific PRO 250) and mixing for 2 minutes. These emulsions were neutralized to pH 7.0 by adding citric acid (CA, 1 M) after the emulsification step.
  • CA citric acid
  • the emulsion prepared from the “as-received” alpha-1 , 3-glucan powder only dispersed in purified water without subsequent pH modulation (dissolution and precipitation steps) was used as the control sample.
  • dispersions made from the above pH modulation procedure, but without any added oil referred to as “alpha-1 , 3-glucan dispersions” herein below, were characterized as well.
  • the sediment was then redispersed in purified water and washed thoroughly in a vacuum filtration system. These steps were repeated until an alpha-1 , 3-glucan powder with neutral pH was collected ensuring that NaOH was removed completely.
  • a 1 .5 wt% dispersion of alpha-1 , 3-glucan at pH 12.9 was casted onto microscope slides and left to air dry overnight followed by oven-drying at 70 °C for 1 hour prior to measurement. The measurement was conducted using a sessile drop test with MILLI-Q water on a DataPhysics contact angle meter.
  • Dynamic Light Scattering Particle size was measured using a disposable cell on a Malvern ZETASIZER PRO at room temperature. Measurements were conducted immediately after sample preparation to minimize effects of particle aggregation and repeated at least two times.
  • CLSM Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
  • the images obtained by the CLSM can either resolve “as received” alpha-1 , 3-glucan particles or reflect the average particle concentration within the emulsion when they are precipitated at elevated pH.
  • the intensity at a given point in the image represented the average local number concentration of particles, with brighter areas indicating higher concentrations at the local level.
  • Droplet size analysis was performed on emulsions using Amira Avizo 3D software.
  • Emulsion microstructure was imaged using cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (FEI Quanta FEG 250 SEM). Briefly, samples were loaded onto a slotted aluminum stub and placed on the sample carrier. The assembly was then submerged into nitrogen slush to freeze the sample. The sample was then transferred into the Gatan ALTO 2500 cryogen prep chamber, where it was held at -150 °C and fractured under vacuum. After fracturing, the temperature in the prep chamber was set to -95 °C for 10 minutes to sublime the top layer of ice. The temperature was then cooled to -150 °C and a thin layer of AuPd alloy was sputtered onto the surface.
  • FEI Quanta FEG 250 SEM cryogenic scanning electron microscopy
  • Rheology A stress-controlled rotational rheometer (Anton Paar MCR-302) with a parallel plate geometry and a gap size of 1 mm was used to perform oscillatory strain sweep measurements on emulsions and dispersions. Amplitude sweeps were performed at a frequency of 1 Hz. The measurements were performed after one day of aging and repeated at least two times. Results and Discussion
  • FIG. 2a depicts the solubility curve of alpha-1 , 3-glucan as a function of pH, detailing the proportion of soluble alpha-1 , 3-glucan chains at various pH levels for a 1 wt% loading dispersion.
  • pH of > 13.4 the alpha-1 , 3-glucan powder is completely dissolved in NaOH (FIG. 2a, Vial 2).
  • the solubility of alpha-1 , 3-glucan is a complex system depending on factors such as concentration in the solution which shifts the pH of the solubility window.
  • Forming emulsions by introducing an additional oil phase at this stage was favourable due to the larger surface area and improved dispersion of the alpha-1 , 3-glucan particles provided by the reduced average particle size, allowing the particles to stabilize a larger oil/water interface.
  • pH was shifted from 13.4 to 12.9 by using citric acid (1 M)
  • the resulting dispersion started to yield large alpha-1 ,3-glucan aggregates.
  • Solubility-Dependent Dispersion of Alpha-1 , 3-Glucan Particles, Emulsion Microstructure and Rheological Signature To elucidate the influence of dissolved alpha- 1 , 3-glucan chains on their ability to aid dispersion stabilization of the already precipitated alpha-1 , 3-glucan particles as well as assess their impact on gelation kinetics and emulsion formation, we prepared dispersions with 1 wt% loading at pH 12.7, 12.9 and 13.1 by diluting stock solutions of 3, 4 and 6 wt% respectively, using dilution factors of 3, 4 and 6 times in each case. The dilution pathways can be seen in FIG. 3 along with a schematic representation of the dispersion microstructure at different pH as insets.
  • CLSM imaging was conducted on emulsions prepared from the 1 wt% alpha-1 , 3- glucan dispersions at pH of 12.7, 12.9 and 13.1 (see Materials and Methods). While only the dispersion at pH 12.9 could sustain its weight, the emulsions across the entire range of pH levels tested exhibited the ability to support their own weight upon vial inversion. This observation suggests the impact of an additional oil/water interface formed during the emulsification process on the rheological properties of these systems. The CLSM imaging indicated that particles remained largely in water phase, indicating a lack of specific affinity to the oil and water interface (data not shown).
  • Emulsions prepared at pH 12.9 or neutralized from pH 12.9 to pH 7.0 showed a more uniform emulsion microstructure under CLSM imaging (data not shown). The average droplet diameters were significantly smaller, and there were no visible large aggregates in the aqueous phase. While the emulsion of “as-received” alpha-1 , 3-glucan at pH 7.0 had oil droplets of about 43.5 m ( ⁇ 36.3 pm), the emulsion at pH 12.9 (diluted from pH 13.4) had oil droplets of about 7.0 pm ( ⁇ 3.7 pm), and the emulsion at pH 7.0 (neutralized from pH 12.9) had oil droplets of about 7.3 pm ( ⁇ 4.0 pm).
  • Emulsions at neutral pH are desired for many practical applications.
  • neutralization either before or during homogenization resulted in aggregation of alpha- 1 , 3-glucan particles, nullifying the benefit of enhanced particle surface area at pH 12.9 (data not shown).
  • neutralization post-emulsification which neutralization effectively reinstated inter- and intra-molecular alpha-1 , 3-glucan hydrogen bonding resulting in formation of aggregates.
  • the aggregates congregated within the confined aqueous channels, ultimately leading to the development of a three- dimensional particle network. This effectively retained the microstructure of the high-pH emulsion (as observed by CLSM, data not shown), resulting in a neutral pH emulsion with a strong particle network.
  • the amplitude sweeps shown in FIG. 6 show the benefit of the controlled process disclosed herein of alpha-1 , 3-glucan dissolution followed by precipitation in emulsion design.
  • alpha-1 3-glucan dissolution followed by precipitation in emulsion design.
  • 3-glucan particles in a neutral pH aqueous phase - without any intervening dissolution-then-precipitation steps - resulted in a significantly weaker emulsion.
  • MCG microcrystalline glucan
  • the MCG-production process consisted of an acid hydrolysis using 20% methane sulfonic acid (MSA) with alpha-1 , 3-glucan (e.g., DPw -800 or -1600-1800, either molecular weight species having about 100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages) performed in a highly mixed reactor for 2-4 hours, followed by raising pH to -3.5-4 using 20% sodium hydroxide, and downstream purification and concentration of the MCG product. To stabilize MCG and provide contamination protection, the MCG was “neutralized” to a pH of 3.5-4 when the reaction was complete.
  • MSA methane sulfonic acid
  • alpha-1 , 3-glucan e.g., DPw -800 or -1600-1800, either molecular weight species having about 100% alpha-1 ,3 glycosidic linkages
  • the MCG purification step currently is envisioned to use a membrane filtration step to first remove both salts and sugars and then concentrate the MCG with a target of >10% total suspended glucan solids.
  • the finished product is an MCG slurry solution at greater than 10% total suspended solids with negligible salt ( ⁇ 350 milliSiemens/cm conductivity) and sugar impurities (non- detectable) with a suitable preservative.
  • a flow diagram of this process is presented in FIG. 7.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne diverses compositions aqueuses, telles que des dispersions et des émulsions, qui contiennent au moins de l'eau et un alpha-glucane. Au moins environ 50 % des liaisons glycosidiques de l'alpha-glucane sont des liaisons glycosidiques alpha-1,3. Des émulsions à stabilité améliorée sont divulguées à titre d'exemples de telles compositions aqueuses. L'invention concerne en outre des procédés de préparation et de manipulation de ces compositions.
PCT/US2025/038563 2024-07-24 2025-07-22 Compositions contenant un alpha-glucane avec des liaisons glycosidiques alpha-1,3 Pending WO2026024663A1 (fr)

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