WO2026055822A1 - Procédés et systèmes pour des communications en mode économie d'énergie - Google Patents

Procédés et systèmes pour des communications en mode économie d'énergie

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Publication number
WO2026055822A1
WO2026055822A1 PCT/CN2024/118071 CN2024118071W WO2026055822A1 WO 2026055822 A1 WO2026055822 A1 WO 2026055822A1 CN 2024118071 W CN2024118071 W CN 2024118071W WO 2026055822 A1 WO2026055822 A1 WO 2026055822A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
inactive
ssb
data transmission
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/118071
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ahmad Abu Al Haija
Xiaoyan Bi
Liqing Zhang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2024/118071 priority Critical patent/WO2026055822A1/fr
Publication of WO2026055822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026055822A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the application relates generally to wireless communications, and more specifically to communication under energy saving mode.
  • a transmit and receive point may transition into a power-saving state (e.g., a sleep state) to reduce power consumption during periods of low traffic.
  • a power-saving state e.g., a sleep state
  • the TRP can send minimal signals to maintain basic network functionality.
  • operational efficiency of the wireless system can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time traffic demand for the TRPs in the wireless system.
  • One or more implementations of the present application provide communication methods and communication apparatuses.
  • the techniques described in the application can improve energy saving in wireless networks.
  • a method includes receiving, by an inactive user equipment (UE) from a network device, an indication indicating that the network device is in a sleep state, and performing, by the inactive UE, data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • UE user equipment
  • the inactive UE is a UE in a radio resource control (RRC) inactive state.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the indication is included in one of one or more reserved bits in a master information block or timing information included in a physical broadcast channel of a synchronization signal block (SSB) , unused tones in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of an SSB, or an OFDM symbol added to an SSB.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the indication is included in a radio resource control (RRC) release message.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the indication is included in a system information block or paging signal.
  • the network device is in the sleep state of a first type when it sends synchronization signal block (SSB) less frequently than a network device in an active state.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the network device is in the sleep state of a second type when it is periodically turned on to an active state.
  • SSB further includes one or more bits to indicate whether the network device is in the sleep state of the first type or in the sleep state of the second type, and a manner the UE performs the data transmission.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the first type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, and sending, by the inactive UE, a signal to at least one of one or more network devices in the active state.
  • the at least one of the one or more network devices activates the network device in the sleep state to the active state.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the second type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, and sending, by the inactive UE during a time period the network device is turned on, a wake-up signal to activate the network device to the active state.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the second type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold and signal strengths of one or more network devices in an active state are less than the predetermined threshold, and performing, by the inactive UE, the data transmission with the network device during time periods the network device is periodically turned on.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device includes determining signal strengths of one or more network devices in an active state.
  • a method includes sending, by a network device to an inactive user equipment (UE) , an indication indicating that the network device is in a sleep state.
  • the inactive UE performs data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • the inactive UE is a UE in a radio resource control (RRC) inactive state.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the indication is included in one of one or more reserved bits in a master information block or timing information included in a physical broadcast channel of a synchronization signal block (SSB) , unused tones in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of an SSB, or an OFDM symbol added to an SSB.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the indication is included in a radio resource control (RRC) release message.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the indication is included in a system information block or paging signal.
  • the network device is in the sleep state of a first type when it sends synchronization signal block (SSB) less frequently than a network device in an active state.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the network device is in the sleep state of a second type when it is periodically turned on to an active state.
  • the SSB further includes one or more bits to indicate whether the network device is in the sleep state of the first type or in the sleep state of the second type, and a manner the UE performs the data transmission.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the first type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, and sending, by the inactive UE, a signal to at least one of one or more network devices in the active state.
  • the at least one of the one or more network devices activates the network device in the sleep state to the active state.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the second type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, and sending, by the inactive UE during a time period the network device is turned on, a wake-up signal to activate the network device to the active state.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device of the second type includes determining, by the inactive UE, that a signal strength of the SSB received from the network device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold and signal strengths of one or more network devices in an active state are less than the predetermined threshold, and performing, by the inactive UE, the data transmission with the network device during time periods the network device is periodically turned on.
  • performing the data transmission with the network device include determining signal strengths of one or more network devices in an active state.
  • a communication apparatus configured to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, or the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect.
  • the communication apparatus includes a receiving unit configured to receive an indication indicating that a network device is in a sleep state, a processing unit configured to determine whether the network device is in an active state, and a transmitting unit configured to perform data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • the communication apparatus includes a transmitting unit configured to send, to an inactive user equipment (UE) , an indication indicating that the network device is in a sleep state.
  • the inactive UE performs data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • the communication apparatus includes one or more processors configured to determine, based on a pilot signal, a number of layers that are correlated for data transmission, and an interface circuit configured to receiving an indication indicating that the network device is in a sleep state, and performing data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • the communication apparatus includes one or more processors and an interface circuit configured to sending, an inactive user equipment (UE) , an indication indicating that the network device is in a sleep state.
  • the inactive UE performs data transmission with the network device in response to determining that the network device is in an active state.
  • the interface circuit includes one or more transceivers.
  • an apparatus includes one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories store instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, or the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect.
  • a communication system includes a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect.
  • the communication system further includes a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method according to the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, or the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system according to some aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an apparatus wirelessly communicating with another apparatus in a communication system according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 6A-6B illustrate signaling of a TRP in a sleep state, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 7A-7B illustrate examples of cells including one or more TRPs, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example hypercell 804 including more than one TRP, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 9A-9B illustrate examples of RAN-based notification areas (RNAs) covering one or more cells, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an auxiliary sequence added to an SSB, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates time sequences of SSBs transmitted by active and inactive TRPs, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates another example method of activating a sleep TRP, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an example method of performing small data transmission (SDT) , according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 16A-16B illustrate another example method of performing small data transmission (SDT) , according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a flow chart of an example process 1700, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides techniques for an inactive UE to identify a TRP in a sleep state and to perform data transmission with the TRP in the sleep state.
  • the inactive UE can receive an indication that indicates that the TRP is in a sleep state. The indication can be included in a synchronization signal block (SSB) transmitted by the TRP in the sleep state.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the inactive UE can perform small data transmission (SDT) after activating the TRP from the sleep state to an active state.
  • SDT small data transmission
  • the inactive UE can perform SDT with the sleep TRP during time periods when the sleep TRP is periodically turned on to an active state, without activating the sleep TRP.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a communication system 100 e.g., a wireless system
  • RAN radio access network
  • EDs communication electronic devices
  • 110b one or more communication electronic devices
  • 110d one or more communication electronic devices
  • 110e one or more communication electronic devices
  • 110f one or more communication electronic devices
  • 110g 110h
  • 110i 110j
  • core network 130 ed Telephone Network
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • the RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network.
  • the RAN 120 may be, for example, an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN.
  • UMTS Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • NG RAN NextGen RAN
  • Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) for 2G, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) based on WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) and CDMA2000 for 3G; LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G; and NR (New Radio) for 5G.
  • the RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120.
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations.
  • the one or more communication EDs 110 also referred to as “user equipment”
  • the core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and consists of network nodes (e.g., 170a, 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services.
  • the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
  • the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements.
  • the communication system 100 can transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and/or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and/or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
  • the communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system.
  • the communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, among others.
  • the communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and/or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) .
  • the communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network including multiple layers.
  • the heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.
  • the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160.
  • the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c.
  • the RANs 120a and120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively.
  • Examples of network nodes 107a, 107b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRP (s) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) .
  • TN terrestrial network
  • T-TRP terrestrial transmit and receive points
  • the terms “TRP” and “base station” are used interchangeably, unless otherwise specified.
  • the present disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable.
  • the T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower.
  • the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
  • a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
  • a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
  • NTN device such as
  • a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP
  • a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP”
  • an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” .
  • the NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b.
  • the NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device.
  • the at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device.
  • the base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof.
  • BS macro base station
  • pico BS a relay node
  • donor node a donor node
  • the base station 170 may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method.
  • the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
  • SoC system on chip
  • SIP system in package
  • a base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured.
  • a plurality of RAN nodes coordinate to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station.
  • the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc.
  • the CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) .
  • BBU baseband unit
  • communication between different devices/apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device/apparatus) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices/apparatuses via another device/apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device/apparatus) .
  • such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device/apparatus using another functional unit within the device/apparatus to communicate with another device/apparatus.
  • Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and/or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and/or configured in response to one of more of:connection availability and connection necessity.
  • Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof.
  • the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and/or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a.
  • the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b.
  • the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and/or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
  • An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and/or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) .
  • an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and/or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link.
  • the air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
  • the TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links.
  • the air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different.
  • the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) , Lattice Partition Multiple Access (LPMA) , Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) , and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) .
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • LDS-MC-CDMA Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access
  • NOMA Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
  • PDMA Pattern Division Multiple Access
  • LPMA Lattice Partition Multiple Access
  • RSMA Resource Spread Multiple
  • the RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services.
  • the RANs 120a and 120b and/or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and/or RAN 120b.
  • the CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and/or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) .
  • the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and/or protocols.
  • the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a New Radio (NR) protocol, and the like.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • CDMA code-division multiple access
  • PTT Push-to-Talk
  • POC PTT over Cellular
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR New Radio
  • the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and/or to the Internet 150.
  • the PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) .
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • the Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) .
  • IP internet protocol
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • UDP user datagram protocol
  • EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
  • the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown in FIG. 2) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and/or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172.
  • the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172.
  • the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and/or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) .
  • the apparatus 320 may be a network node (e.g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172.
  • T-TRP 170 such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172.
  • the apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated.
  • the apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels.
  • the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver.
  • the transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) .
  • NIC network interface controller
  • the transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204.
  • a transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and/or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication.
  • Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and/or receiving wireless or wired signals.
  • the apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and/or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
  • the memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein.
  • the memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310.
  • the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and/or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
  • the apparatus 310 may further include one or more input/output devices (not shown) or interfaces.
  • the input/output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network.
  • Each input/output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications.
  • Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
  • the processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310.
  • the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and/or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource.
  • the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310.
  • Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission.
  • Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols.
  • Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit/receive beamforming, modulating/demodulating and encoding/decoding symbols.
  • a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and/or decoding the signaling) .
  • An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320.
  • the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and/or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320.
  • the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and/or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like.
  • the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
  • the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203.
  • the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
  • the processor 210 along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may be the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
  • the apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) .
  • the apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels.
  • the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver.
  • the apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258.
  • the apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253.
  • the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components.
  • the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and/or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
  • various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed.
  • some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) .
  • These modules which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) .
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding/decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320.
  • the nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320.
  • the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
  • the processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320.
  • Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission.
  • Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols.
  • the processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and/or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like.
  • the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below.
  • the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and/or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320.
  • the processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like.
  • the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and/or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252.
  • the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing.
  • the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the Medium Access Control (MAC) or Radio Link Control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing.
  • the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260.
  • the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320.
  • the scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and/or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and/or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
  • the apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein.
  • the memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320.
  • the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and/or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
  • the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and/or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 and the memory 258 may be implemented as part of the processor 260.
  • the processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
  • the apparatus 320 and/or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
  • MIMO Multiple-input and multiple-output
  • the ED 110 and the T-TRP 170 and/or the NT-TRP may use MIMO to communicate using wireless resource blocks.
  • MIMO utilizes multiple antennas at the transmitter to transmit wireless resource blocks over parallel wireless signals. It follows that multiple antennas may be utilized at the receiver.
  • MIMO may beamform parallel wireless signals for reliable multipath transmission of a wireless resource block.
  • MIMO may involve parallel wireless signals that transport different data to increase the data rate of the wireless resource block.
  • a large number of antenna units of the T-TRP 170 and the NT-TRP 172 may increase the degree of spatial freedom of wireless communication, improve the transmission rate, spectral efficiency and power efficiency, and, to a large extent, reduce interference between cells.
  • the increase of the number of antennas allows for each antenna unit to be made in a smaller size with a lower cost.
  • the T-TRP 170 and the NT-TRP 172 of each cell may communicate with many EDs 110 in the cell on the same time-frequency resource at the same time, thus increasing the spectral efficiency.
  • a large number of antenna units of the T-TRP 170 and/or the NT-TRP 172 may also enable each user to have better spatial directivity for uplink and downlink transmission, so that the transmitting power of the T-TRP 170 and/or the NT-TRP 172 and an ED 110 may be reduced, and the power efficiency is correspondingly increased.
  • the antenna number of the T-TRP 170 and/or the NT-TRP 172 is sufficiently large, random channels between each ED 110 and the T-TRP 170 and/or the NT-TRP 172 may approach orthogonality such that interference between cells and users and the effect of noise may be reduced.
  • a MIMO system may include a receiver connected to a receive (Rx) antenna, a transmitter connected to transmit (Tx) antenna and a signal processor connected to the transmitter and the receiver.
  • Each of the Rx antenna and the Tx antenna may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the Rx antenna may have a uniform linear array (ULA) antenna, in which the plurality of antennas are arranged in line at even intervals.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a non-exhaustive list of possible unit, or possible configurable parameters, or in some embodiments of a MIMO system, include a panel and a beam.
  • a panel may be a unit of an antenna group, or antenna array, or antenna sub-array, which unit may control a Tx beam or an Rx beam independently.
  • a beam may be formed by performing amplitude and/or phase weighting on data transmitted or received by at least one antenna port.
  • a beam may be formed by using another method, for example, adjusting a related parameter of an antenna unit.
  • the beam may include a Tx beam and/or an Rx beam.
  • the Tx beam indicates distribution of signal strength formed in different directions in space after a signal is transmitted through an antenna.
  • the Rx beam indicates distribution of signal strength that is of a wireless signal received from an antenna and that is in different directions in space.
  • Beam information may include a beam identifier, or an antenna port (s) identifier, or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource identifier, or a SSB resource identifier, or a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource identifier, or other reference signal resource identifier.
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • SSB SSB resource identifier
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • signaling may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity.
  • Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a. 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel.
  • the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) .
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) .
  • UCI uplink control information
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • SCI SL control information
  • PSCCH physical sidelink control channel
  • Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for sidelink signaling.
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling.
  • the higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC-CE media access control-control element
  • Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
  • “information” when different from “message” , may be carried within a single message, or may be carried in multiple separate messages.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172.
  • the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor.
  • one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module.
  • the apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components.
  • the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412.
  • the apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413.
  • the one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols.
  • the memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and/or data.
  • the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and/or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and/or data for execution by the one or more processors 411.
  • the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and/or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and/or data.
  • the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and/or data may include computer program instructions and/or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411.
  • the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and/or data for a plurality times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component.
  • the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with other apparatus/system such as a radio frequency processing apparatus, or processor system.
  • the communication includes transmitting signal (or data, information) to another component or device, or receives signal from another component or device.
  • Transmitting includes outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit (transmitting unit) .
  • receiving includes inputting or obtaining a signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit (receiving unit) .
  • a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
  • the apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios.
  • the apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips.
  • the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, a SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and/or implementations described herein.
  • the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513.
  • the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and/or data.
  • the apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED.
  • apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310.
  • the processing unit 512 may be the processor 210.
  • the communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and/or a transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit and/or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and/or the receiver 203 respectively.
  • the storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
  • the apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station.
  • apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320.
  • the processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) .
  • the communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and/or a transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit and/or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and/or the receiver 254 respectively.
  • the storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
  • the apparatus 510 when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, such as a modem chip, a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core.
  • a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors.
  • a function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
  • the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In some implementations, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities.
  • the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
  • a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • CPUs central processing units
  • MPUs microprocessors or microprocessor units
  • MCUs microcontrollers or microcontroller units
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • the storage unit 511 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and/or a register.
  • a processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core.
  • the processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
  • CPUs central processing units
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • MPUs microprocessors
  • microcontrollers microcontroller units, MCUs
  • GPUs graphics processing units
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • AI processors artificial intelligence processors
  • NPUs neural network processing units
  • Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM, DRAM
  • PCM phase-change memory
  • PCM phase-change memory
  • resistive random access memory resistive RAM, ReRAM
  • computer program instructions used to execute embodiments may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) .
  • a non-volatile memory for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) .
  • a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
  • a memory or a storage unit for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register
  • FIGS. 6A-6B illustrate signaling of a TRP in a sleep state, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • Energy-saving techniques can be implemented for a TRP (e.g., a next-generation NodeB) in the sleep state to reduce power consumption.
  • a TRP e.g., a next-generation NodeB
  • one technique includes having a TRP that only transmits common signals (e.g., SSB bursts) over extended periods. The TRP enters the sleep state between the SSB bursts.
  • one technique involves a TRP that remains active for short durations to transmit or receive signals and then stay in the sleep state for longer periods. Additional techniques can also be implemented without loss of generality.
  • the TRP is in a sleep state of the first type (or a first sleep state) .
  • the TRP sends synchronization signal block (SSB) 602 less frequently than a network device in an active mode.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the TRP sends SSB bursts 604 in long periodic cycles (e.g. every 40ms, every 80ms, or every 160ms) .
  • a SSB burst can include a set of SSB 602 that are transmitted within a short period of time (e.g., within 5ms) .
  • UEs that are close to the TRP can receive and measure the SSBs, report the strength of the SSB to another device (e.g., to an active TRP in the same hyper cell as the TRP in the sleep state) , and/or activate the TRP in the sleep state. For example, when the UE determines that the SSB signals are strong, the UE can trigger a network to activate the TRP from the sleep state to an active mode.
  • the TRP is in a sleep state of the second type (or a second sleep state) .
  • the TRP is periodically turned on to an active state in the second sleep state.
  • the TRP can be turned on for a short period of time to receive and/or transmit signal. For example, when the TRP is turned on, it can receive an uplink (UL) wake-up signal.
  • the wake-up signal can activate the TRP and increase the period that the TRP is on.
  • the terms “sleep mode” and “sleep state” are used interchangeably, and the terms “active mode” and “active state” are used interchangeably, unless otherwise specified.
  • FIGS. 7A-7B illustrate examples of cells including one or more TRPs, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • radio signals of a TRP covers a specific geographic area, which can be referred to as a cell.
  • Each cell can be a subdivision of an overall coverage area of a network that is designed to provide seamless connectivity for user equipment (UE) as they move within and between cells.
  • UE user equipment
  • a cell 702 can include a single TRP.
  • the TRP can be either in an active mode or in an energy-saving mode (e.g., the first sleep state or the second sleep state) .
  • the TRP in cell 702a is in the active mode
  • the TRP in cell 702b is in the sleep state.
  • a cell can be a hypercell 704 that include one or more TRPs.
  • the quantity of TRPs may be flexibly configured for a hypercell 704.
  • all TRPs share the same cell ID, instead of each having a TRP ID.
  • TRPs in a hypercell are transparent to UEs. That is, UEs within a hypercell 704 are unaware of the specific TRPs or their quantity. The UE recognizes that it is accessing the hypercell 704 as a whole, rather than individual TRPs within the hypercell 704.
  • some TRPs in the hypercell 704 can be in the active mode, and some TRPs can be in energy-saving mode.
  • a TRP in the hypercell 704 can in a completely off state. The TRP in the completely off state neither transmits nor receives signals.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example hypercell 804 including more than one TRP, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the hypercell 804 includes TRPs 806a, 806b (collectively 806) in an active mode, and a TRP 808 in energy-saving mode (e.g., in the first type sleep state, or in the second type sleep state) .
  • the active TRPs 806 can transmit SSB with regular strength and periodicity
  • the sleep TRP 808 can transmit SSB with long periodicity (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6A) .
  • a user equipment (UE) 810 is within the hypercell 804.
  • the UE 810 can receive signals from the TRPs 806 and the TRP 808.
  • the UE 810 may consider that the hypercell 804 is active, even if some TRPs are in sleep state. UEs may not be aware of which TRPs in the hypercell 804 are active or in sleep state.
  • the UE 810 is in an RRC connected state, where the UE 810 maintains an active and ongoing communication link with the network, allowing for continuous data transfer and interaction.
  • the network may inform the UE 810 about the direction of communication, such as via Quasi Co-Location Type D (QCL-D) signals. Additionally, the network may know if the UE receives a good signal from the TRP 808 in the sleep state, based on feedback from the UE 810.
  • QCL-D Quasi Co-Location Type D
  • the UE 810 may feedback to the network the measurement of a reference signal received power (RSRP) of the RS (transmitted by TRP 808) or an indication that a signal received from the TRP 808 has good quality when the RSRP measurement is above a predetermined threshold.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • the network may activate the TRP 808 since the TRPs 806, 808 can be connected to a single processing unit.
  • the UE 810 is in an RRC inactive state.
  • the RRC inactive state refers to an additional radio resource control (RRC) state for an apparatus, such as the UE 810, introduced in wireless communication systems (e.g., Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) ) , alongside the existing RRC connected state and RRC idle state.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the UE 810 can remain without completely releasing its established RRC connection with the network when there is no traffic.
  • the UE context is retained by both the UE and the TRP that last served the UE 810 before the UE 810 transitioned from RRC connected state to RRC inactive state.
  • the last-serving TRP maintains the UE-associated connection with the core network, including the next generation (NG) connection with the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and User Plane Function (UPF) .
  • NG next generation
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • the UE may transition from the RRC connected state to the RRC inactive state.
  • the UE may transmit via RRC signaling (e.g. UE assistance information) to a network device (e.g. TRP) a signal to inform the network device that the UE prefers to transition to the inactive state and to request configured grant (CG) configurations.
  • RRC signaling e.g. UE assistance information
  • TRP network device
  • CG configured grant
  • an apparatus Before transitioning from a connected state (e.g., RRC connected state) to an inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive state) , an apparatus (e.g., UE) may receive a radio resource control (RRC) message (e.g. RRC release message) from a network device (e.g., TRP) .
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the RRC message may be a message that triggers the apparatus to transition from the connected state to the inactive state.
  • the RRC message may be an RRCRelease message that includes suspendConfig parameters.
  • the suspendConfig parameters in RRCRelease message may configure operation of the apparatus during the inactive state.
  • the RRX message can also include parameters such as an inactive radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) (e.g., full and/or short I-RNTI) and/or discontinuous reception (DRX) parameters (e.g., DRX cycle, and “on” duration) , radio access network (RAN) based notification area (RNA) , RNA up-date timer (e.g., t380 timer) .
  • I-RNTI inactive radio network temporary identifier
  • DRX discontinuous reception
  • RAN radio access network
  • RNA up-date timer e.g., t380 timer
  • SDT small data transmission
  • RA-SDT random access
  • CG-SDT configured grant SDT
  • the UE 810 may perform SDT with the TRP 808 in the sleep state, for example, under the scenario where the RSRP of the SSBs from TRP 808 is stronger than the RSRP of SSBs from the TRPs 806. As a result, in some cases, the signals may not be properly received by the network.
  • FIGS. 9A-9B illustrate examples of RAN-based notification area (RNA) covering one or more cells, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • An RNA can cover a cell or a group of cells within a wireless communications network (e.g., 5G, 6G, or next-generation networks) .
  • a wireless communications network e.g., 5G, 6G, or next-generation networks
  • an apparatus e.g., a UE
  • paging messages are exchanged to maintain uninterrupted connectivity.
  • the paging messages are transmitted to every cell covered by defined RNA. If the apparatus moves out of the RNA, it needs to report its location to the network-side device (e.g., base station) operating within the RNA.
  • an RNA 901 can cover a group of hypercells 704.
  • an RNA 902 can cover a groups of cells 702 each including a single TRP.
  • the RNA 901, 902 can be provided to the UE via an RRC release message before the UE transitions from the RRC connected state to the RRC inactive state.
  • the RRC release information can include instructions and parameters provided by the network to the UE during the transition from an RRC connected state to an RRC inactive state.
  • the RRC release information can include conditions under which the UE can re-establish its connection, paging configurations, and relevant network configurations to maintain efficient communication while the UE is in the RRC inactive state.
  • the network may not inform the UE about the ID of the cell that includes the TRP in the sleep state, since some TRPs within the same cell can remain active. As such, the UE does not know which TRP in the RNA 901 is in the sleep state.
  • the network may need to periodically inform the UE about the cell ID including the TRP in the sleep state, since the list of sleep TRPs can change over time.
  • further indications may be needed to help the UE 810 identify the TRP 808 in the sleep state or to determine one or more methods or manners for performing data transmission (e.g. SDT) . Additionally, further adaptations might be needed so that the UE 810 perform effective SDT.
  • SDT data transmission
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an example SSB structure, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the UE can identify sleep TRPs based on the SSBs transmitted by the sleep TRPs.
  • the SSB 1000 (e.g., SSB 602 of FIG. 6A) transmitted by a sleep TRP can include new information bits that indicate that the TRP is in the sleep state or indicate the one or more manners the UE may use for SDT.
  • the configuration e.g., location of the new information bits in the PBCH payload
  • interpretation e.g., pertaining to one or more manners to perform SDT, sleep TRP, etc.
  • new information bits can be standardized, or can be communicated to the UE via an RRC release message.
  • a UE in RRC_inactive state can determine that the SSB is transmitted by a TRP in the sleep state.
  • a UE in RRC_inactive state can determine adaptation method or manner needed to perform SDT.
  • the new information bits can be added using reserved bits, unused tones, or new orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) of the SSB.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the SSB 1000 can include reserved bits.
  • the SSB in 5G includes synchronization sequences, e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) .
  • the SSB 1000 can further include physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , which includes master information block (MIB) and timing information.
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • MIB master information block
  • the reserved bits in the MIB or timing information can be used as the new information bits that indicate that the TRP is in a sleep state or the one or more manners the UE may use for data transmission (e.g. SDT) .
  • the SSB 1000 can include unused tones. For example, in OFDM symbol 2, there are 17 unused tones where additional information can be included.
  • the used tones can be used for new information bits that indicate that the TRP is in a sleep state or the one or more manners the UE may use for data transmission (e.g. SDT) .
  • the SSB can include new OFDM symbol.
  • an additional OFDM symbol can be added to the SSB at the same raster frequency (f) or a different frequency (e.g., raster frequency plus fd, where fd is either standardized or provided to the UE via an RRC message) .
  • the SSB sent by the sleep TRP includes an additional auxiliary sequence at a frequency equal to the raster frequency plus fd.
  • the additional OFDM symbol can include new information bits that indicate that the TRP is in a sleep state or the one or more manners the UE may use for data transmission (e.g. SDT) .
  • the UE may need to wait for two SSB bursts to identify a sleep TRP, as the SSB from a sleep TRP is sent with a longer periodicity. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, if the periodicity of the SSB (e.g., SSB3) from sleep TRP is 40 ms, and the periodicity for the SSB (e.g., SSB1 and SSB2) from active TRPs is 20 ms, the UE 810 may not receive SSB from the sleep TRP over the second SSB burst from the active TRP.
  • the periodicity of the SSB e.g., SSB3
  • the periodicity for the SSB e.g., SSB1 and SSB2
  • the indication of a sleep TRP or the one or more manners the UE may use for data transmission can also be included in SIB1 or a paging signal sent from the sleep TRP.
  • SIB1 SIB1
  • a paging signal sent from the sleep TRP For cells that each include a single TRP, as shown in Fig. 9B, it is possible to rely on the cell ID to indicate to the UE that the TRP in the cell is in the sleep state.
  • the indication can be provided to the UE in an RRC release message or via paging signals.
  • the new information bits can also indicate type of the sleep state of the TRP (e.g., in the sleep state of the first type or in the sleep state of the second type) .
  • the new information bits can also or alternatively indicate the method for performing SDT.
  • an additional bit in the SSB can be used to indicate the sleep state of the first type
  • an auxiliary sequence e.g., as shown in Fig. 11
  • the one or more manners for performing data transmission can include: based on the SSBs received from the TRPs that include indication of the TRP in the sleep state, the UE can perform SDT towards the direction of active TRPs. For example, if the UE in the RRC inactive state detects SSB from a sleep TRP and SSB from an active TRP, the UE may decide to communicate in a direction that corresponds to the direction of SSB from the active TRP (e.g. UE transmitted signal has QCL-D relation with the SSB from active TRP) , even if the signal strength (e.g., RSRP) of SSB from the active TRP is weaker than that for SSB from the sleep TRP.
  • the signal strength e.g., RSRP
  • a UE 1310 in RRC inactive state can wake up a TRP 1308 in the sleep state in an indirect way.
  • the TRP 1308 is in the sleep state of the first type (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6A)
  • a threshold e.g., a RSRP threshold
  • the UE 1310 may need to wake up the sleep TRP 1308 before performing SDT.
  • the one or more manners for performing data transmission can also include, for example, the UE 1310 can send a signal in the direction of TRP 1306a to indicate the need to communicate in the direction of TRP 1308. Since all TRPs 1306, 1038 are connected via one processing unit, when TRP 1306a receives the signal, the network may activate TRP 1308. The network may then inform the UE 1310 (e.g., via a response signal) that TRP 1308 is ready for communication or inform the UE 1310 that it can transmit in a direction that corresponds to the SSB from TRP 1308 (e.g. UE transmitted signal has QCL-D relation with SSB3) . The UE 1310 can then perform SDT with the TRP 1308.
  • a UE in the RRC inactive state can wake up a TRP in the sleep state in a direct way.
  • the TRP is in the sleep state of the second type (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6B)
  • a threshold e.g., a RSRP threshold
  • the UE can send a wake-up signal (WUS) 1402 in the direction of the sleep TRP to wake up the sleep TRP.
  • the UE can send the WUS 1402 during a time period that the sleep TRP is turned on.
  • the sleep TRP can transition from the sleep state to an active state. The UE can then perform SDT with the waken TRP.
  • the UE can perform SDT with the sleep TRP by aligning its SDT signal with “on” periods 1502 of the sleep TRP, instead of waking up the sleep TRP. For example, the UE can transmit SDT signals 1504 at intervals that aligns with the “on” periods 1502 of the sleep TRP, such that the SDT signals 1504 can be received by the sleep TRP during “on” periods 1502.
  • a hypercell can include more than one TRP 1308 in the sleep state of the second type.
  • a hypercell can include an active 1606 and two sleep TRPs 1608a, 1608b that are in the sleep state of the second type.
  • the UE 1610 can perform SDT by aligning its SDT signal with “on” periods of both sleep TRPs 1608.
  • the UE can transmit SDT signals 1504 at lengths and intervals that align with both the “on” periods 1602a of the sleep TRP 1608a and the “on” periods 1602b of the sleep TRP 1608b, such that the SDT signals 1604 can be received by at least one sleep TRP 1606 during “on” periods 1602.
  • the transmission direction of the SDT signal can change between the sleep TRP 1608a and the sleep TRP 1608b, so that one of the sleep TRPs 1608 can better receive the SDT signal 1604.
  • the UE 1610 transmitted signal on “on” period 1602a may have QCL-D relation with the SSB from sleep TRP 1608a.
  • the UE 1610 transmitted signal on “on” period 1602b may have QCL-D relation with the SSB from sleep TRP 1608b.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a flow chart of an example process 1700, according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the process 1700 can be performed by a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100 of FIGS. 1-2) that includes one or more TRPs (e.g., TRP 170) and one or more user equipment (e.g., ED 110) .
  • a communication system e.g., the communication system 100 of FIGS. 1-2
  • TRPs e.g., TRP 170
  • user equipment e.g., ED 110
  • an inactive user equipment receives an indication from a network device (e.g., sleep TRP 808 of FIG. 8) .
  • the indication indicates that the network device is in a sleep state or one or more manners for the UE 810 to perform data transmission (e.g. SDT) .
  • the network device can be in a sleep state of a first type (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6A) , or in a sleep state of a second type (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6B) .
  • the indication is included in the SSB (e.g., SSB 1000 of FIG. 10) transmitted by the network device.
  • the indicate can be included in one or more reserved bits in a master information block (MIB) or timing information comprised in a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of the synchronization signal block (SSB) , unused tones in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of the SSB, or an OFDM symbol added to an SSB.
  • configuration information the indication is included in a radio resource control (RRC) release message.
  • the configuration information comprises one or more of a signal that includes the indication, or the one or more manners.
  • the signal can be an SSB, a system information block (SIB) , or a paging signal
  • the inactive UE performs data transmission with the network device in response to receiving the indication.
  • the inactive UE can perform small data transmission (SDT) with the network device.
  • SDT small data transmission
  • the inactive UE can send SDT signals that aligns with the periods when the network device is turned on.
  • the inactive UE can send a signal to an active network device (e.g., active TRP 1306a of FIG. 13) that is in the same cell as the inactive network device to trigger the inactive network device to wake up.
  • the inactive UE can send a wake-up signal to the network device to wake up the network device.
  • connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
  • expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
  • the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
  • system and “network” may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application.
  • method and “manner” may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application.
  • At least one means one or more
  • aplurality of means two or more.
  • the term “and/or” describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” usually indicates an "or” relationship between associated objects.
  • At least one of the following items (pieces) indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) .
  • at least one of A, B, or C includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C
  • at least one of A, B, and C may also be understood as including A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C.
  • ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
  • embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions may be provided for a general- purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or the processor of another programmable data processing device generate an apparatus for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and/or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
  • the computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus.
  • the instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and/or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
  • the computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the other programmable data processing device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the other programmable data processing device provide steps for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and/or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne des procédés de communication et des appareils de communication. Un procédé donné à titre d'exemple consiste à recevoir, par un équipement utilisateur (UE) inactif en provenance d'un dispositif de réseau, une indication indiquant que le dispositif de réseau se trouve dans un état de sommeil ou un ou plusieurs moyens pour que l'UE inactif effectue une transmission de données, et à effectuer, par l'UE inactif, une transmission de données avec le dispositif de réseau en réponse à la réception de l'indication provenant du dispositif de réseau.
PCT/CN2024/118071 2024-09-10 2024-09-10 Procédés et systèmes pour des communications en mode économie d'énergie Pending WO2026055822A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2024/118071 WO2026055822A1 (fr) 2024-09-10 2024-09-10 Procédés et systèmes pour des communications en mode économie d'énergie

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230040675A1 (en) * 2021-08-06 2023-02-09 Apple Inc. Data transmission in an inactive state
WO2023208743A1 (fr) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Transmission de petites données en liaison ul et liaison dl
US20240040628A1 (en) * 2022-07-26 2024-02-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Communication method, user equipment, base station and storage medium

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230040675A1 (en) * 2021-08-06 2023-02-09 Apple Inc. Data transmission in an inactive state
WO2023208743A1 (fr) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Transmission de petites données en liaison ul et liaison dl
US20240040628A1 (en) * 2022-07-26 2024-02-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Communication method, user equipment, base station and storage medium

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