ZA200601419B - Apparatus and method for osmotic membrane distillation - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for osmotic membrane distillation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200601419B ZA200601419B ZA200601419A ZA200601419A ZA200601419B ZA 200601419 B ZA200601419 B ZA 200601419B ZA 200601419 A ZA200601419 A ZA 200601419A ZA 200601419 A ZA200601419 A ZA 200601419A ZA 200601419 B ZA200601419 B ZA 200601419B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- alkali metal
- chamber
- spent
- receiver
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 94
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 111
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 22
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 102100022460 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710186699 Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole Chemical compound FC1=C(F)OC(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)O1 YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003934 Aciplex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004813 Perfluoroalkoxy alkane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001601 blood-air barrier Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010633 broth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-1-ynyl)silane Chemical compound CC#C[Si](C)(C)C DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015192 vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/88—Concentration of sulfuric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002469769A CA2469769A1 (fr) | 2004-06-04 | 2004-06-04 | Appareil et methode pour concentrer une solution d'halogenure de metal alcalin usee au moyen d'une distillation sur membrane osmotique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200601419B true ZA200601419B (en) | 2007-05-30 |
Family
ID=35446539
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200601419A ZA200601419B (en) | 2004-06-04 | 2006-02-17 | Apparatus and method for osmotic membrane distillation |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7361276B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1753522B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4996925B2 (fr) |
| CN (2) | CN1898011B (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2005249612B2 (fr) |
| CA (2) | CA2469769A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2424152T3 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2005118114A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200601419B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7892321B2 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2011-02-22 | Intelligent Energy, Inc. | Integrated heated prevaporation module |
| WO2008115662A2 (fr) * | 2007-02-25 | 2008-09-25 | Puregeneration (Uk) Ltd. | Système de synthèse de combustible par séquestration de dioxyde de carbone et utilisation |
| WO2009073860A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Ch2M Hill Engineers, Inc. | Systèmes et procédés pour apporter du chlore à une usine de polysilicium et l'en retirer |
| US7608185B2 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-10-27 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Hollow fiber membrane modules for use in distillation systems |
| US7871520B2 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2011-01-18 | Milton Roy Company | High-temperature membrane distillation |
| US9039900B2 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2015-05-26 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Membrane distillation apparatus and methods |
| JP2012501233A (ja) * | 2008-08-28 | 2012-01-19 | ミクロリン・エルエルシー | 有益薬剤を一定速度で送出するための装置および方法 |
| WO2010081077A2 (fr) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Filtration de liquide en utilisant une différence de pression sur une membrane hydrophobe |
| DE102009017862A1 (de) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diarylcarbonat |
| CA2762169C (fr) * | 2009-05-18 | 2015-10-13 | Vito N.V. | Membranes de pervaporation sur film mince comportant un agregat de nanoparticules |
| DE102009023940A1 (de) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
| US20110168381A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-07-14 | Hydration Systems, Llc | Osmotic Water Transfer System and Related Processes |
| KR101020316B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-03-08 | 에스티엑스중공업 주식회사 | 막증류 방식을 이용한 정삼투 담수화 장치 |
| BR112013004161B1 (pt) * | 2010-08-24 | 2021-03-09 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | método e aparelho para reduzir óxidos de nitrogênio em motor de combustão interna |
| US9017530B2 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2015-04-28 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Method and electrochemical cell for synthesis and treatment of metal monolayer electrocatalysts metal, carbon, and oxide nanoparticles ion batch, or in continuous fashion |
| WO2013131183A1 (fr) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Chemetics Inc. | Procédé de nanofiltration permettant d'améliorer la récupération de la saumure et l'élimination des sulfates |
| CN103114298B (zh) * | 2013-02-20 | 2016-05-11 | 闫晓琦 | 一种膜蒸馏耦合制碱工艺 |
| CA2921431A1 (fr) | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-26 | Chemetics Inc. | Module a membrane en fibres creuses permettant une meilleure repartition de l'ecoulement du fluide |
| CN104973658A (zh) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-10-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种低浓度磷酸废液的浓缩方法 |
| ES2748782T3 (es) * | 2015-07-01 | 2020-03-17 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Procedimiento de destilación osmótica para la concentración de un líquido que contiene cloruro de sodio |
| CN108704484A (zh) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-26 | 大连理工大学 | 一种用于多元污染物水溶液的膜接触器分离方法 |
| CN111151140B (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-10-15 | 河北工业大学 | 一种浓缩氯碱阳极淡盐水的方法 |
| CN111232927A (zh) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 广东水清环保科技有限公司 | 一种废酸回收方法与系统 |
| DE102022200590A1 (de) | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Integrierte Wasseraufbereitung für die Wasserelektrolyse mittels osmotischer Membrandestillation |
| CN116553689B (zh) * | 2023-05-31 | 2025-09-12 | 长三角哈特机器人产业技术研究院 | 一种电化学耦合膜蒸馏装置、以及采用该膜蒸馏装置的废旧锂电池湿法回收蒸馏系统及使用方法 |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1361401A (fr) * | 1963-04-02 | 1964-05-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de mesure du temps de doublement d'une grandeur à variation exponentielle |
| GB1082089A (en) * | 1965-08-20 | 1967-09-06 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to water treatment |
| US3824223A (en) * | 1970-06-10 | 1974-07-16 | Maruzen Petrochem Co Ltd | Process for preparing a copolymer of a conjugated diene and ethylene |
| JPS5484892A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-07-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis of sodium chloride employing cation exchange membrane |
| JPS5631570U (fr) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-27 | ||
| GR852788B (fr) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-03-21 | Syrinx Res Pty Ltd | |
| US4683039A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-28 | Tenneco Canada Inc. (Erco Division) | Membrane pervaporation process |
| BR8707689A (pt) | 1986-05-05 | 1989-08-15 | Syrinx Res Pty Ltd | Processo de destilacao osmotica,e barreiras semi-permeaveis para a mesma |
| US5938928A (en) | 1991-08-01 | 1999-08-17 | Nonap Pty. Ltd. | Osmotic distillation process using a membrane laminate |
| FR2682613B1 (fr) | 1991-10-22 | 1994-06-03 | Cogia | Procede de deshydratation au moins partielle d'une composition aqueuse et dispositifs pour mettre en óoeuvre le procede. |
| DE4229061C2 (de) * | 1992-09-01 | 1995-04-20 | Sep Tech Studien | Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von wäßrigen Prozeßflüssigkeiten aus Oberflächenbehandlungsbädern |
| GB9309769D0 (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1993-06-23 | Sterling Pulp Chem Ltd | Chlorine dioxide generation for water treatment |
| JP3270244B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-13 | 2002-04-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 廃液処理方法及び廃液処理装置 |
| US5824223A (en) | 1995-11-08 | 1998-10-20 | Rentiers Machinery Proprietary Ltd. | Methods and apparatus for osmotic distillation |
| US5965004A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-10-12 | Sterling Pulp Chemicals, Ltd. | Chlorine dioxide generation for water treatment |
| JP3946859B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-06 | 2007-07-18 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | 岩塩ルーム施工方法 |
| CA2299472A1 (fr) | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-09 | Creavis Gesellschaft Fur Technologie Und Innovation Mbh | Materiau composite hydrophobe permeable a des substances, procede permettant de le produire et son utilisation |
| US6299777B1 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2001-10-09 | Cms Technology Holdings, Inc. | Osmotic distillation process |
| EP1184487A1 (fr) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-06 | Enthone-OMI (Deutschland) GmbH | Procédé de purification d'un électrolyte |
-
2004
- 2004-06-04 CA CA002469769A patent/CA2469769A1/fr not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-05-13 CA CA002504848A patent/CA2504848C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-13 CN CN2005800014200A patent/CN1898011B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-13 JP JP2006548060A patent/JP4996925B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-13 WO PCT/CA2005/000741 patent/WO2005118114A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-05-13 EP EP05742602.5A patent/EP1753522B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-05-13 AU AU2005249612A patent/AU2005249612B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-05-13 ES ES05742602T patent/ES2424152T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-05-13 CN CN2009101755135A patent/CN101653697B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-01 US US11/141,490 patent/US7361276B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-02-17 ZA ZA200601419A patent/ZA200601419B/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-03-03 US US12/073,241 patent/US20080173539A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2005249612A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
| US7361276B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 |
| WO2005118114A1 (fr) | 2005-12-15 |
| CA2504848A1 (fr) | 2005-09-15 |
| JP4996925B2 (ja) | 2012-08-08 |
| AU2005249612B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
| ES2424152T3 (es) | 2013-09-27 |
| US20050269266A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| CN1898011A (zh) | 2007-01-17 |
| CA2504848C (fr) | 2006-08-22 |
| US20080173539A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| CN101653697A (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
| EP1753522A1 (fr) | 2007-02-21 |
| EP1753522A4 (fr) | 2007-08-15 |
| JP2007519823A (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
| EP1753522B1 (fr) | 2013-05-01 |
| CN1898011B (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
| CA2469769A1 (fr) | 2005-12-04 |
| CN101653697B (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
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