ZA200710618B - Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns - Google Patents
Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilnsInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200710618B ZA200710618B ZA200710618A ZA200710618A ZA200710618B ZA 200710618 B ZA200710618 B ZA 200710618B ZA 200710618 A ZA200710618 A ZA 200710618A ZA 200710618 A ZA200710618 A ZA 200710618A ZA 200710618 B ZA200710618 B ZA 200710618B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- high temperature
- mineral processing
- mixing high
- temperature gases
- processing kilns
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/36—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B7/362—Introducing gas into the drum axially or through the wall
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/434—Preheating with addition of fuel, e.g. calcining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
- F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
- F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
- F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
- F27B7/162—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall the projections consisting of separate lifting elements, e.g. lifting shovels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
- F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones
- F27B7/2033—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones with means for precalcining the raw material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/32—Arrangement of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
- Y02P40/121—Energy efficiency measures, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/137,288 US7229281B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 | 2005-05-25 | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200710618B true ZA200710618B (en) | 2009-10-28 |
Family
ID=37595422
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200710618A ZA200710618B (en) | 2005-05-25 | 2007-11-21 | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US7229281B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1888990A4 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2008545607A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20080009311A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2006262726A1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0611031A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2609337A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2007014733A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007001692A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200710618B (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6672865B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2004-01-06 | Cadence Enviromental Energy, Inc. | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
| US7229281B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2007-06-12 | Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
| US7959435B2 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2011-06-14 | Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reducing NOx emissions in rotary kilns by SNCR |
| US7452203B2 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-11-18 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Stratified staging in kilns |
| ITTO20070084A1 (it) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-07 | K & E Srl | Dispositivi di miscelazione radiale per reattori inclinati rotanti. |
| US20110056442A1 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2011-03-10 | Ex-Tar Technologies, Inc. | Reaction chamber for a direct contact rotating steam generator |
| US9862899B2 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2018-01-09 | Simple Approach Systems, Inc. | Gas distribution arrangement for rotary reactor |
| KR20090127796A (ko) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-14 | 굴람후세인 레흐맛 아미랄리 | 회전 킬른용 가스분배기 |
| EA038251B1 (ru) * | 2017-06-13 | 2021-07-30 | Оутотек (Финлэнд) Ой | Способ и устройство для сжигания газообразного или жидкого топлива |
| CN111189319B (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-08-20 | 内蒙古伊东冀东水泥有限公司 | 一种用于水泥生产的生料煅烧装置 |
| CN111550820B (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-02-25 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | 一种基于动量矩的锅炉燃尽风调整方法 |
| CN116718000B (zh) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-10-10 | 淄博晶成新材料有限公司 | 一种具有助燃结构的全氧燃烧回转窑 |
| CN118517925B (zh) * | 2024-07-23 | 2024-09-17 | 攀枝花市海峰鑫化工有限公司 | 一种降低回转窑烟气氮氧化物生成量的装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (45)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1508584A1 (de) | 1966-06-02 | 1969-12-18 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zement oder anderen Stoffen in einem Flammofen |
| US3584650A (en) | 1968-10-22 | 1971-06-15 | Rca Corp | Reed armature valves for controlling fluid flow |
| US3584850A (en) * | 1969-07-02 | 1971-06-15 | United States Steel Corp | Rotary kiln for shock sintering |
| US3888621A (en) * | 1974-04-12 | 1975-06-10 | Alcan Res & Dev | Monitoring and controlling kiln operation in calcination of coke |
| DE2808874C2 (de) * | 1978-03-02 | 1985-01-24 | Smit Ovens Nijmegen B.V., Nijmegen | Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von in einem Gasstrom mitgeführten brennbaren Stoffen bzw. zur Erwärmung von Luft |
| US4273314A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1981-06-16 | The Direct Reduction Corporation | Direct reduction rotary kiln with improved air injection |
| FR2474334A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-07-31 | Lafarge Sa | Dispositif de melange avec turbulence de fluides gazeux |
| DE3010909A1 (de) | 1980-03-21 | 1981-10-01 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum brennen von feinkoernigen gut und zur erzeugung von kohlenstaub |
| US4389242A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1983-06-21 | The Direct Reduction Corporation | Interior arrangement for direct reduction rotary kilns and method |
| EP0141932A3 (de) * | 1983-08-25 | 1986-11-26 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Anlage zur schadstofffreien Beseitigung von Schad- und Abfallstoffen mit geringem Heizwert, insbesondere Müll, durch Verbrennung |
| US4930965A (en) | 1988-11-23 | 1990-06-05 | Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. | Apparatus for charging solid fuel to rotary kilns |
| US5224433A (en) | 1988-11-23 | 1993-07-06 | Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. | Waste fuel delivery to long kilns |
| US5083516A (en) | 1988-11-23 | 1992-01-28 | Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. | Processed wastes as supplemental fuel for modified cement films |
| KR950002639B1 (ko) | 1988-11-23 | 1995-03-23 | 카덴스 에바이론멘탈 에너지, 인코포레이티드 | 환경보존적인 고체 폐기물 처리와 이것을 행하기 위한 개선된 습식 또는 건식처리 회전식 건조로 |
| US4974529A (en) | 1988-11-23 | 1990-12-04 | Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. | Method for energy recovery from containerized hazardous waste |
| US4984983A (en) | 1989-02-07 | 1991-01-15 | F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S | Method of cofiring hazardous waste in industrial rotary kilns |
| US5076838A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-12-31 | Svedala Industries, Inc. | Process for direct reduction of materials in a kiln |
| US5122189A (en) | 1990-04-13 | 1992-06-16 | Hoke M. Garrett | Manufacture of cement clinker in long rotary kilns by the addition of volatile fuels components directly into the calcining zone of the rotary kiln |
| US5086716B1 (en) | 1990-04-30 | 1995-08-29 | Perma Fix Corp | System, apparatus and method for disposing of solid waste |
| US5078594A (en) | 1991-01-28 | 1992-01-07 | Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. | Device for charging combustible solids to rotary kilns |
| JPH05223228A (ja) | 1992-02-10 | 1993-08-31 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 回転炉 |
| US5257586A (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1993-11-02 | Davenport Ricky W | Method and apparatus for feeding to a rotary device |
| FR2691790B1 (fr) * | 1992-05-29 | 1997-09-19 | Cle | Installation et procede de precalcination de matieres minerales quelconques. |
| KR950702694A (ko) | 1992-07-14 | 1995-07-29 | 존 에이취. 로스 3세 | 장(long) 건조로에서의 개선된 시멘트 제조방법 (METHOD FOR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT IN LONG KILNS) |
| DE4224571C2 (de) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-06-16 | Babcock Anlagen Gmbh | Drehrohrofen |
| US5339751A (en) | 1992-09-01 | 1994-08-23 | Ash Grove Cement Company | Apparatus and method for charging combustible solids into a rotary kiln |
| US5375535A (en) | 1993-01-11 | 1994-12-27 | Ash Grove Cement Company | Method and apparatus for improved manufacture of cement in long kilns |
| US5413476A (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1995-05-09 | Gas Research Institute | Reduction of nitrogen oxides in oxygen-enriched combustion processes |
| US6176187B1 (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 2001-01-23 | Cement Industry Environmental Consortium | Sludge handling and feeding system |
| US5632616A (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1997-05-27 | Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for injecting air into long cement kilns |
| KR0131828B1 (ko) | 1995-09-25 | 1998-04-13 | 우덕창 | 이중 선회 기류를 형성하는 시멘트 원료의 가소장치 |
| GB9608341D0 (en) | 1996-04-23 | 1996-06-26 | Blue Circle Ind Plc | Disposal of waste tyres |
| US5816795A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1998-10-06 | Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and method for providing supplemental fuel to a preheater/precalciner kiln |
| US6210154B1 (en) | 1997-04-22 | 2001-04-03 | Blue Circle Industries, Inc. | Treatment of exhaust gases from kilns |
| US6000937A (en) | 1997-05-17 | 1999-12-14 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Ag | Device for distributing and/or feeding a hot flour-like material |
| US6050813A (en) | 1997-12-02 | 2000-04-18 | Cement Petcoptimizer Company | Control of cement clinker production by analysis of sulfur in the end product |
| DK174194B1 (da) | 1998-02-04 | 2002-09-09 | Smidth & Co As F L | Ovnanlæg, samt fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af cement |
| JP4004155B2 (ja) | 1998-10-22 | 2007-11-07 | 日立造船株式会社 | 回転炉のガス供給装置 |
| US6116896A (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2000-09-12 | Air Liquide America Inc. | System and method for oxidant injection in rotary kilns |
| US6309211B1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2001-10-30 | Suedala Industries, Inc. | Port air conveying system for rotary kiln |
| US6672865B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2004-01-06 | Cadence Enviromental Energy, Inc. | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
| US7229281B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2007-06-12 | Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns |
| US6474984B2 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2002-11-05 | Metso Minerals Industries, Inc. | Air injection for nitrogen oxide reduction and improved product quality |
| CA2445818C (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2009-12-22 | Holcim Ltd. | Method and system for process gas entrainment and mixing in a kiln system |
| US7001177B1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-02-21 | Alemany Jose Torres | Method and apparatus for recovering energy from waste materials by combustion using a portion of tertiary air |
-
2005
- 2005-05-25 US US11/137,288 patent/US7229281B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-05-23 EP EP06799927A patent/EP1888990A4/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-05-23 AU AU2006262726A patent/AU2006262726A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-23 CA CA002609337A patent/CA2609337A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-23 KR KR1020077028271A patent/KR20080009311A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-05-23 JP JP2008513658A patent/JP2008545607A/ja active Pending
- 2006-05-23 BR BRPI0611031-2A patent/BRPI0611031A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-05-23 WO PCT/US2006/020056 patent/WO2007001692A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-05-23 MX MX2007014733A patent/MX2007014733A/es active IP Right Grant
-
2007
- 2007-05-07 US US11/745,277 patent/US7488172B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-21 ZA ZA200710618A patent/ZA200710618B/xx unknown
-
2009
- 2009-01-26 US US12/360,033 patent/US20090191497A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-26 US US12/360,057 patent/US8267685B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0611031A2 (pt) | 2010-08-10 |
| EP1888990A1 (de) | 2008-02-20 |
| US20090191498A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| MX2007014733A (es) | 2008-04-08 |
| US20090191497A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| US8267685B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
| US7229281B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
| US7488172B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
| CA2609337A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
| US20070207432A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
| AU2006262726A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
| JP2008545607A (ja) | 2008-12-18 |
| KR20080009311A (ko) | 2008-01-28 |
| EP1888990A4 (de) | 2009-01-07 |
| WO2007001692A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
| US20050277081A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ZA200710618B (en) | Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns | |
| PL1657511T3 (pl) | Piec do wypalania i sposób wytwarzania elementu ceramicznego za jego pomocą | |
| GB0521944D0 (en) | Method of treating gas | |
| EP1999208A4 (de) | Hochtemperatur-blockcopolymere und herstellungsverfahren dafür | |
| PL2103339T3 (pl) | Sposób i urządzenie do oczyszczania gazów spalinowych | |
| ZA200801952B (en) | Method of processing materials | |
| EP2032925A4 (de) | Thermische behandlung von teilchenmaterial mit indirekter wärme | |
| EP2078325A4 (de) | Auf wellenleitern basierendes drahtloses verteilungssystem und betriebsverfahren | |
| ZA200709448B (en) | Modifiers for gypsum slurries and method of using them | |
| GB2432369B (en) | Method for adjusting the high heating value of gas in the LNG chain | |
| GB0523707D0 (en) | Improved apparatus and method for temperature controlled processes | |
| EP2223734A4 (de) | Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung und -verfahren | |
| EP1975258A4 (de) | Schutzvereinigter kohlenstoffhaltiger block für hochofen und verfahren zur konstruktion eines hochofens mit einem kohlenstoffhaltigen block | |
| BRPI0817617A2 (pt) | Método para produção de cimento portland de escória e cimento portland de alto-forno | |
| GB2426974B (en) | RDX composition and process | |
| EP2035114A4 (de) | Verfahren zur behandlung von verbrennungsgasen | |
| GB0515088D0 (en) | Particulate glass compositions and methods of production | |
| ZA200901467B (en) | Ceramic armoring and method for the production of ceramic armoring | |
| EP2112236A4 (de) | Drehherd-reduktionsofen und verfahren zu seinem betrieb | |
| GB2448093B (en) | Apparatus and methods for cooling samples | |
| PL1752592T3 (pl) | Sposób wytwarzania cegieł oraz system cegłowy wytworzony tym sposobem | |
| GB2442484B (en) | Heat sinks and methods of making them | |
| PL1716774T3 (pl) | Sposób oraz urządzenie do wytwarzania zamków błyskawicznych | |
| TWI346671B (en) | Chemical composition and process | |
| EP2163749A4 (de) | Gasverbrennungsvorrichtung eines hochofens und betriebsverfahren |