AT527552A1 - boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating boiler (1) for logs, such as logs (2), comprising a combustion chamber (3), above which a filling chamber (4) for the logs is arranged, wherein the filling chamber (4) has a hot chamber section (13) and a burn-through element (17) is arranged between the hot chamber section (13) and the combustion chamber (3), furthermore at least one ignition element (18) for igniting the logs is arranged or can be arranged, and having a filling chamber lining (12). At least two support elements (20, 21) for supporting the logs are arranged in the hot chamber section (13), so that an air channel (23) is formed between the floor of the hot chamber section (13) and the logs when the logs are ignited, said air channel extending between an ignition element (18) and the burn-through element (17).

Description

room lining.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for feeding such a heating

boiler with logs.

Heating boilers for generating heat energy from logs are known from the prior art. For example, DE 198 26 492 A1 describes a heating boiler for generating useful heat from logs, wherein channels for the primary air are arranged in the lower filling shaft area of the boiler as closed hollow bodies. These channels open into small-area inlet openings for the primary air in the side wall facing the combustion chamber. The openings are located a short distance from the flame and ash outlet. The outer skin of the two shaped side walls of the primary air channel form the

Limitation of the combustion chamber.

EP 2221 540 A2 describes a filling chamber lining for a boiler, wherein the lining comprises panels made of cast metal, which are arranged along the rising walls of the filling chamber, and in the hot zone of the filling chamber one or more lining panels are provided, which form primary air openings.

openings for the primary air to flow into the heating zone of the filling chamber.

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cher sub-brand.

In boilers with bottom combustion, the fuel chamber is at the top and the logs are ignited at the bottom and then burned with the flame pointing downwards. This principle has been known for a very long time. However, the problem here is always the start-up of this process. The thermals in the fuel chamber counteract the flame downwards and can, under certain circumstances, lead to the flame disappearing at the bottom and the gas can no longer be burned properly. Very high emissions and heavy soiling of the boiler are the result. If the thermals in the fuel chamber are relatively uniform across the entire surface, no upward rotational flow is created in the fuel chamber and the logs do not burn one-sidedly upwards. This ensures clean combustion with low dust emissions.

and CO emissions possible.

When starting up, these boilers are lit on one side, and the bed of embers must spread evenly within the first hour. The smaller the boiler output in relation to the floor space of the fuel chamber, the more difficult this is. The boilers are usually built for logs 0.5 m long. Therefore, the base

area is only smaller in width, but the length remains the same.

The object of the invention is to provide a boiler with improved start-up

hold to be stated.

The object is achieved in the boiler mentioned at the beginning in that at least two support elements for the support of the logs are arranged in the hot room section, so that an air channel is formed between the floor of the hot room section and the log when the logs are lit,

which extends between an ignition element and the burn-through element.

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on support elements at least partially spaced from the floor of the hot room

section is arranged.

The design of the boiler according to the invention enables safe operation with low emissions. When the boiler is started up, the logs begin to burn in specific spots. The flame propagates and is intended to form an even bed of embers in this primary combustion zone. The prior art attempts to solve the problems during the ignition phase by using cardboard barrier layers or very complex instructions for sizing the wood. Precisely cut cardboard or wood of the correct size is required for each heating process. With the boiler according to the invention, logs between 0.3 m and 0.5 m in length can be used. In addition, the ignition phase is less dependent on the operator. Even if the operator does not follow the boiler manufacturer's instructions exactly, the design features are helpful for the ignition process. The formation of the air channel between the ignition element and the burn-through element creates a corresponding flow towards the combustion chamber. The support elements for the logs make it easier for the operator to create the air channel when inserting the logs. Intermediate layers or the aforementioned barrier layers are no longer required, which simplifies the loading of the log chamber. Furthermore, the support elements prevent the burn-through element from being blocked with a board. It is known that wood residues, such as wooden pallets, are also burned in such boilers. These consist of wooden boards, which, due to their flatness, can lead to the burn-through element being blocked. The support elements can better prevent this or at least significantly reduce the risk of a burn-through blockage. Overall, the ignition process can be improved with the boiler according to the invention, which in turn reduces harmful emissions during the ignition phase.

of the boiler can be reduced.

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arranged support element is formed, whereby the closure of the burn-through element with the fuel can be better avoided, even if the

The boiler operator is still inexperienced.

According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the support element is designed as a collar of the burn-through element and thus the burn-through element can be opened more safely even in the case of combustion residues in the boiler, such as residual coal from the combustion process.

can be kept.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one of the support elements is formed by a projection of the filling chamber lining that extends into the ignition section. Thus, the position of the logs relative to the igniter or ignition element can be defined or fixed by this support element, thus facilitating the ignition of the

fuel can be improved.

For more complete combustion of the fuel, another embodiment of the invention can provide the boiler with a primary air supply with a primary air damper and a secondary air supply with a secondary air damper. The air dampers allow the overall composition of the combustion air to be better adjusted, so that primarily primary air can be supplied to the fuel for the ignition process. As combustion progresses, the secondary air content can then be increased.

the.

According to one variant, the primary air slide and the secondary air slide can each have their own drive for adjustment. The advantage here is that the independent adjustability of the two air slides allows the adjustment of the primary air portion for the

ignition process can be improved, which also reduces emissions during ignition.

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changes in residual oxygen can be counteracted.

According to a further embodiment, in order to further reduce emissions and simplify the construction of the boiler, the boiler may be provided with an ignition and heating air supply in which an air slide is arranged, said air slide being connected to the primary air slide

is combined.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that this comprises a regulating and/or control device with an electronic memory element, wherein a program is stored in the memory element with which the exhaust fan speed and/or the position of the primary air damper and/or the secondary air damper are changed depending on the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature. This allows for a further reduction in emissions during heating up by keeping the air damper for the ignition and heating air supply 100% open during the ignition and heating phases, so that a relatively high proportion of oxygen is available for igniting the fuel during this phase. As the combustion progresses, this air damper can then gradually reduce the supply of ignition and heating air until finally only primary air is supplied via this air damper. Especially with more demanding fuels or when the logs have not been properly placed in the filling chamber, the method can improve heating up.

become.

For a better supply of primary air to the air duct between the ignition element and the burn-through element, according to an embodiment variant of the invention, it can be provided that an intake duct for the primary air intake to the first combustion chamber section is provided at least in the area of the hot space section in

is located in the front area of the hot room section. Unlike in the stand

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phase not from top to bottom, but from the front.

For a better understanding of the invention, it will be explained with reference to the following

The figures are explained in more detail. They show, in simplified, schematic representations: Fig. 1, a boiler;

Fig. 2 shows a section of a boiler in the area of the filling chamber in

front view; Fig. 3 shows a section of the boiler according to Fig. 2 in side view; Fig. 4 shows a plan view of a burn-through element;

Fig. 5 the burn-through element according to Fig. 4 in an oblique view;

Fig. 6 a lower filling chamber apron in oblique view;

Fig. 7 a heat conducting element;

Fig. 8 shows a detail of a boiler in side view;

Fig. 9 shows a section of the boiler detail according to Fig. 8 in front view.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or component designations, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or component designations. Furthermore, the positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refers to the directly described and illustrated figure, and these positional

information must be transferred to the new location in the event of a change in location.

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standing is still being executed.

The boiler 1 has a combustion chamber 3. Above the combustion chamber 3 and in particular directly adjacent thereto, a filling chamber 4, for example a cuboid-shaped one, is arranged for the fuel, i.e. in this embodiment of the boiler 1 for the logs 2. In particular, the boiler 1 is designed as

so-called downdraft boiler.

A filling chamber door 5 is arranged on the filling chamber 4 for filling the logs 2. The combustion chamber 3 is accessible via a combustion chamber door 6.

accessible.

Furthermore, the boiler 1 has a flue gas duct leading to a chimney. An induced draft fan 7 may be arranged in the flue gas duct. Furthermore, the boiler 1 may have a heat exchanger 8 for recovering thermal energy from the flue gas, for which purpose the heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the combustion chamber 3 and the chimney. A so-called turbulator element 9 may be arranged in the heat exchanger. Appropriate cleaning devices, etc., may also be provided. Furthermore, the boiler 1 may also have a particle filter, such as an electrostatic precipitator, to remove, for example, ash particles, fine dust, etc., from the flue gas. These components may be arranged in a common housing 10.

which may have a housing door 11.

Since the components of the boiler 1 mentioned are known from the relevant state of the art, further details should be given in order to avoid

In the case of repetitions, reference is made to this state of the art.

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as can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3.

The filling chamber 4 also has a hot chamber section 13, which forms the lower section of the filling chamber 4. In the hot chamber section 13, the logs 2 are ignited, burn, or degas. Adjacent to the hot chamber section 13, in the upper part, is the so-called cold chamber section 14 of the filling chamber 4. In the cold chamber section 14, the fuel should not burn during normal operation of the boiler 1. The hot chamber section 13 ends

usually in the area of the primary air supply or a few cm above it.

As can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the filling chamber lining 12 preferably comprises a lower filling chamber apron 15 and an upper filling chamber apron 16, or consists of the lower and upper filling chamber aprons 15, 16. However, the filling chamber lining 12 can also be formed from lining elements that extend continuously over the height (of the filling chamber 4). The lower and/or upper filling chamber apron or the filling chamber lining can have single-piece or multi-piece lining elements per side wall of the filling chamber 4. The lower filling chamber apron 15 surrounds a glowing area of the filling chamber 4, i.e., the hot chamber section 13.

The division into a lower and an upper filling chamber apron 12, 15 also has the advantage that the heat conduction via the filling chamber lining 12 is interrupted, whereby heat for the formation of the ember bed can be better retained in the heating chamber section 13. This also defines the separation between

Hot room section 13 and cold room section 14 can be better realized.

A burn-through element 17 is arranged between the hot space section 13 of the filling chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 3. Combustible gases from the hot space section 13 of the filling chamber 4 pass through this burn-through element 17 into the combustion chamber 3, where they are then combusted. The burn-through element 17

is preferably made of a metallic material.

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to have.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, at least two support elements 20, 21, namely a rear support element 20 and a front support element 21, are arranged in the hot space section 13 for supporting the logs, i.e., the logs 2. The at least two support elements 20, 21 are preferably

arranged in a spaced relationship to each other.

With the support elements 20, 21, an air duct 23 can be formed between a floor element 22 of the hot chamber section 13, in which the burn-through element 17 is arranged in an opening, and the logs 2, which simplifies or improves the ignition of the logs 2 during the start-up phase of the boiler 1, since this prevents an undersupply of oxygen during the ignition process and thus reduces CO emissions. The air duct 23 extends between the ignition element 18 or the ignition elements.

elements 18 and the burn-through element 17.

The support elements 20, 21 are preferably made of a metallic material, but can also be made of another material, such as a ceramic

mixed material.

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In the embodiment of the boiler 1 shown in Fig. 1, the two support elements 20, 21 are arranged on the base element 22 of the filling chamber 4 or are integrally connected thereto. The at least two support elements 20, 21 preferably extend only over a partial area of the width of the filling chamber 4, so that in this embodiment a distance remains between the support elements 20, 21 and the side walls of the filling chamber 4 or the filling chamber lining 12, in which distance charcoal originating from the last heating process and remaining in the filling chamber 3 can be arranged or in which logs 2 can be arranged resting on the base element 22. It is thus possible to arrange side walls of the air duct 23 between the ignition element 18 or the

ignition elements 18 and the burn-through element 17.

The support elements 20, 21 can be strip-shaped, at least in the support area for one or more logs 2, and in particular each be formed in one piece. In this embodiment, the support element 21 closest to the at least one ignition element 18 can be formed with openings through which the ignition air can flow in the air duct 23.

men can.

Considering the depth of the filling chamber 4, more than two supports can be

elements 20, 21 are arranged.

Figures 4 and 5 show a section of a variant embodiment of the boiler 1. In general, the rear support element 20 can be formed by a support element 24 arranged on the circumference of the burn-through element 17. The support element 24 preferably extends only over a partial area of the circumference, so that in particular a forward (in the direction of the at least one

Ignition element 18) directed area of the burn-through element 17 remains open.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the support element 24 is designed as a collar of the burn-through element 17. The collar can be formed in one piece or, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 4, in several parts and can comprise several collar elements 25, which may be arranged at an angle to one another.

The angular arrangement of the collar elements 25 can contribute

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that prevents the burn-through element 17 from being pulled out with a cleaning device. With the rear, forward-sloping collar element 25, the air coming from the front out of the air duct 23 can be

melt or redirected forwards or downwards.

The cantilever element(s) 25 or generally the collar can be formed in one piece with the burn-through element 17 or connected to the burn-through element 17, for example by means of a material fit and/or force fit and/or

form-fitting.

The front support element 21 can be designed as described for Fig. 1. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 and 5, two front support elements 21 are arranged and formed by a projection of the filling chamber lining 12 projecting into the ignition section of the hot chamber section 13. In this embodiment, only one such projection can be used.

jump as a support element 21.

The at least one projection can be formed, for example, by a bent piece

the filling chamber lining 12.

As is known per se, the boiler 1 can have a primary air supply 44 with a primary air slide 45 and a secondary air supply 46 with a secondary air slide 47. The primary air can be supplied, for example, from a so-called air box 48 to one or more, e.g., laterally arranged primary air ducts 49. The air slides can, for example, be designed as rotary slides, as can be seen from Figs. 8 and 9. Unlike in known boilers, the primary air slide 45 and the secondary air slide 47 preferably each have their own drive 50, 51 for

their adjustment.

Furthermore, according to a variant, it can be provided that the boiler 1, as described above, has an ignition and heating air supply, for which the ignition air duct 19 can be provided. In this ignition and heating air

supply, a further air slide can be arranged, whereby this air slide

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combined with the primary air slide 45, as can be seen in Fig. 9. The primary air slide 45 has, in addition to the openings 52 for the primary air supply, also an opening 53 for the supply of the ignition and preheating air. The preheating air can be supplied, for example, according to arrow 54 in Fig. 8. The hot ignition air can be introduced, for example, according to arrow 55, towards the ember bed. The intake duct for the primary air intake to the first combustion chamber section is preferably at least in the area of the hot space exhaust.

section 13 in the front area of the hot space section 13.

It is also possible to supply the ignition and heating air not via the primary air slide 45 but via the secondary air slide 47 or with a combination

tion of it.

Furthermore, the boiler 1 can be equipped with a control and/or regulating device (not shown). This control and/or regulating device can comprise, among other things, an electronic memory element. According to one embodiment of the boiler 1, a program can be stored in this memory element with which the exhaust fan speed, i.e. the speed of the induced draft fan 7, and/or the position of the primary air slide and/or the secondary air slide can be changed depending on the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature. This can achieve a further reduction in CO emissions during the start-up phase. The oxygen content can

e.g. measured or determined with a lambda probe in the flue gas duct.

The boiler 1 can be loaded with logs 2 such that a bottom layer of logs 2 can be arranged at least partially to form the described air channel 23 between the ignition element 18 and the burn-through element 17 on the support elements 20, 21 at a distance from the floor, i.e., the floor element 22, of the hot space section 13. The air sucked in by the burn-through element 17 can be largely supplied by the at least one ignition element 18 and the additional ignition air. In addition to this loading with the logs 2, the air channel 23 can also be formed with the charcoal (as described above) by

this charcoal is placed in the side areas of the filling chamber 4 during cleaning

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These residues can still be burned and do not need to be disposed of. The flame created by the igniter propagates evenly towards the burn-through element 17 in the gaps of the logs and is very early

visible at the bottom of combustion chamber 3.

It should be noted that Fig. 4 shows the opening of the burn-through element 17, which creates a flow connection between the filling space

4 and the combustion chamber 3.

It should also be noted that the further loading of the filling chamber 4 with logs 2 after the first logs 2 have been placed on the support elements 20,

21 can be done as conventionally known.

In Figs. 6 and 7 is a section of another variant of the

Boiler 1 is shown.

Alternatively or in support of the improvement of the above-described embodiment with the support elements 20, 21 and the air duct 23 formed thereby, in this embodiment the lower filling chamber apron 15 has an air supply duct 30 with at least one change in the direction of air flow on at least one first side wall 26 to 29. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that on at least one of the side walls 26 to 29, preferably on two opposite side walls 27, 29,

a heat conducting element 31 is arranged.

The lower filling chamber apron 15 may have four or fewer or more than four side walls 26 to 29. In the embodiment of the boiler 1 shown in the figures, the lower filling chamber apron 15 has four side walls 26 to 29.

As can be seen in particular from Figs. 2 and 3, the side walls 26 to 29 of the lower filling chamber apron 15 can extend continuously over the respective associated dimension of the filling chamber 4. The upper filling chamber apron 16 can be designed in the same way, but can also have several plate-shaped apron elements arranged side by side per side wall.

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As can be seen from Fig. 4, according to one embodiment variant, the lower filling chamber apron 15 can have a further air supply channel 30 with at least one further side wall 28, which is in particular opposite the first side wall 26.

at least one change in the direction of air flow.

The at least one air supply channel 30 is formed in particular on a side wall 26, 28 of the lower filling chamber apron 15, which is located between the front

wall and the rear wall of the filling chamber 4 or the boiler 1.

The side wall 26, 28 forming the at least one air supply duct 3 can be made of a correspondingly formed sheet metal element or generally of a metallic material. For example, the side wall 26, 28 can be at least approximately trough-shaped or can have a U-shaped cross-section. By arranging the side wall 26 or 28 on one of the corresponding filling chamber side walls 32 of the filling chamber 4 (shown in Fig. 4), the air supply duct 30 can be at least approximately closed circumferentially, so that the supplied air cannot be trapped between the filling chamber side wall 32 and

the side wall 26 or 28 can escape.

At the inlet to the air supply duct 30, an inlet element 33 can be arranged if necessary and can be connected to the side wall 26 or 30 of the lower filling chamber apron 15. The inlet element 33 forms with the side wall 28 or 30 an air inlet opening 34 for fresh air or has such an opening. The air inlet opening 34 can be designed to be completely closed. The air inlet opening 34 is particularly in the front area of the lower filling chamber apron

apron 15 is arranged or formed.

At the end of the side wall 26 or 28 opposite the air inlet opening 34, the air supply duct 30 is preferably designed to be closed. This can be achieved by means of a projection of the side wall 27 adjoining the side wall 26 or 28, or with the corresponding filling chamber side wall 32, against which the lower filling chamber apron 15 may rest, or by means of a separate closure.

closing element 35.

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To change the flow direction of the supplied air, a flow guide element 36, in particular a strip-shaped one, can be arranged in the air supply duct 30, which is connected in particular to the side wall 26 or 28 of the lower filling chamber apron 15, for example by means of a material fit and/or force fit.

and/or form-fitting.

In the preferred embodiment, the change in the flow direction of the supplied fresh air is a reversal of the flow direction, as indicated by the arrow 37 in Fig. 6. The air entering the air supply duct 30 is thus deflected by at least approximately 180°. For this purpose, the flow guide element 36 can extend to or into the air inlet opening 34. The area of the air inlet opening 34 through which no air is to enter, i.e. the upper area in Fig. 6, can be covered with a cover element 37, so that the air inlet into this area is prevented. The air enters the air supply duct 30 via the open area of the air inlet opening 34, flows in a rearward direction, then changes direction and then flows back on the other side, in particular above the flow guide element 36.

front towards the cover element 37.

Preferably, the two opposite side walls 26, 28

the lower filling chamber apron 15 is designed identically with regard to the fresh air supply.

This design of the lower fuel chamber apron 15 with the air supply duct(s) 30 supports the start-up phase of the boiler 1. During start-up, the logs 2 (or the fuel in general) begin to burn in specific spots. The flame propagates further and is intended to form a uniform bed of embers in this primary combustion zone. The lateral air supply ducts 30 of the lower fuel chamber apron, which can therefore also be referred to as an air apron, with integrated flow direction change, in particular reversal of the flow direction, promote a uniform ember build-up.

and this leads to lower emissions and safe starting.

If, for example, the logs 2 are burning in the front area of the filling chamber 4 (at the

fresh air supply), the air is preheated and enters the

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rear primary air zone. If a fire occurs at the rear, the air that then flows forward is preheated. Once the air is preheated at the entry points, the heat is transferred to the fuel and dries it evenly.

early. This means that fires start burning earlier, primarily in these areas.

The flow guide element 36 can be arranged horizontally. However, it is preferably arranged diagonally from front to back, so that the first section of the air supply duct 30 tapers towards the rear.

and the second adjoining section tapers towards the front.

The air supplied laterally for combustion enters the primary combustion area surrounded by the lower filling chamber apron 15 via at least one opening in the first side wall 26 or the further side wall 28. In principle, this can take place via an opening in the lower filling chamber apron 15, which is formed, for example, by a recess in the upper bevel. In the preferred embodiment, however, several spaced-apart openings 38 are formed in the first side wall 26 and the further side wall 28 in its at least approximately vertical section(s), through which the air can flow into the ember area of the lower filling chamber apron 15 according to the flow direction 39. Several or all of the openings 38 can be of the same design, i.e., have the same shape and/or the same size. Furthermore, all or several openings 38 can be at the same height or at different heights in the side wall

wall 26.

Depending on the size of the boiler 1 or the filling chamber 4, for example, between three and twelve openings 38 can be provided. The openings 38 can have a size between 30 mm? and 250 mm?. They can be circular, oval, elliptical, square, hexagonal, or generally

have a polygonal perimeter.

In principle, the openings 38 in the side walls 26, 28 can each have the same

chemical distance 40 (see Fig. 4) from each other.

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Preferably, however, this distance 40 varies, so that according to one embodiment variant, the openings 38 in the first side wall 26 for supplying the air from the first air supply duct 30 to the hot space section 13 and the openings 38 in the further side wall 28 for supplying the air from the further air supply duct 30 to the hot space section 13 are arranged offset from one another in the direction of air flow along the side walls 26, 28, as can be seen from Fig. 4. This can prevent the air flowing through the openings 38 in the first side wall 26 from directly impacting the air flowing through the openings 38 in the further side wall 28 and thereby being partially pushed upwards. According to one embodiment variant, it can be provided that not all of the openings 38 in the side wall 26 are arranged offset from the openings 38 in the further side wall 28, as

This can be seen from the figures.

It can further be provided that the distances 40 between the openings 38 of a side wall 26 or 28 are the same size, but nevertheless the

described offset is formed.

According to a further embodiment of the boiler 1, it can be provided that projections 42 at least partially covering the first and/or further openings 38 are arranged on an inner side 41 or inner surface of the first and/or the further side wall 26, 28, as shown, for example, in Fig. 6. These projections 42 serve to deflect the air flowing in through the (further) openings 38 downwards towards the ember bed. As a side effect of this deflection, the vertical extent of the hot space section 13 can also be better defined. The projections 42 can be tongue-shaped or roof-shaped, optionally with side parts. For example, the projections 42 can be formed by bending the sheet metal sections that arise during the formation of the openings 38 in the side wall 26 or 28. They can also be used as individual elements or with a strip on which the projections 42 are provided.

are arranged on the side wall 26 or 28.

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In general, it can be provided or it can be an independent invention independent of the above-described downdraft boiler that the filling chamber lining 12 has openings 38 in at least one of the side walls of the filling chamber lining or of the lining element described in more detail below for the supply of air to the ember bed, wherein on an inner side, i.e. the surface of the side wall facing the fuel, projections 42 are arranged which at least partially cover the openings.

are.

The heat-conducting element 31 can, for example, be made of a steel sheet, in particular a stainless steel sheet. Preferably, both the front and rear side walls 29, 27 each have a heat-conducting element 31. Since both heat-conducting elements 31 are preferably of the same design,

The following specifications apply to both heat conducting elements 31.

The heat-conducting element 31 preferably extends over a length of the side wall 27 that is between 50% and 100%, for example between 60% and 90%, of the total length of the side wall 27 in this direction. Furthermore, it can have a height that is between 20% and 100%, for example between 30% and 80%, of the total height of the side wall 27. In particular, it can have a surface area (as viewed from the front) that is between 30% and 90%, for example between 40% and 80%, of the surface area.

the side surface is 27 (viewed in the same direction).

In the simplest case, the heat-conducting element 31 is arranged on the side wall 27 and connected thereto. However, according to one embodiment variant, it can preferably be provided that the heat-conducting element 31 is arranged on the side wall 27 of the lower filling chamber apron 25, thermally separated from the latter. The thermal separation can, for example, be designed such that the heat-conducting element 31 is only positively connected to the side wall 27 or is only suspended therein, as can be seen, for example, in Fig. /. For this purpose, the side wall 27 can have tabs 43 which are arranged to cover the heat-conducting element 31, so that the heat-conducting element 31 is arranged in a type of pocket.

Alternatively, the thermal separation can be used in addition to the

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point support or additionally also via thermal insulation materials,

such as ceramics.

According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the side wall 27, on which the heat conducting element 31 is arranged, is arranged adjacent to a water jacket of the boiler 1. In particular, with this embodiment, the advantage of the heat conducting element 31 comes into play, since on the one hand the or the remainder of the side wall 27 is cooled by the water jacket, but due to the arrangement of the heat conducting element 31 spaced from the water jacket and thermally separated from the side wall 27, a more uniform

Distribution of heat across the width of the filling space 4 can be achieved.

It should be noted at this point that the heat-conducting element 31 may be part of the side wall 27. The term "remainder of the side wall 27" should be understood from this perspective. In any case, the heat-conducting element 31 does not lie directly against the water jacket and is preferably connected via the thermal separation to the lower filling chamber skirt 15 and thus also to the remainder of the side wall.

27 also arranged thermally separated from the water jacket.

As already explained above, the lower filling chamber apron 15 can be used as a lining element for a boiler 1 for logs in general, such as pellets or wood chips or other solid biomaterial, such as straw, etc. The lining element comprises a frame with several side walls 26 to 29, wherein at least a first side wall 26, 28 at least partially forms an air supply duct 30 with at least one change in the direction of air flow and/or wherein a heat conducting element 31 is arranged on at least one of the side walls 27, 29, preferably on two opposite side walls 27, 29 (each). In particular, this lining element is designed correspondingly to the lower filling chamber apron 15, as described in the individual embodiments, and therefore these embodiments can also be seen as embodiments of the lining element. The boiler 1 itself can, in these embodiments,

variants may be designed differently than above.

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The lining element is used in boilers 1 to even out the embers

bed, i.e. for a more even formation of the ember bed.

The embodiments show possible design variants of the boiler 1, whereby combinations of the individual design variants with each other are also possible.

are possible.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the structure of the boiler 1, this does not necessarily have to be

is represented in a rod-like manner.

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21

List of reference symbols

Boiler Log Combustion chamber Filling chamber Filling chamber door Combustion chamber door Induced draught fan Heat exchanger Turbulator element Housing Housing door Filling chamber lining Hot chamber section Cold chamber section Filling chamber apron Filling chamber apron Burn-through element Ignition element Ignition air duct Support element Support element Floor element Air duct Support element Collar element Side wall Side wall Side wall Side wall

Air supply duct

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

Heat conducting element Filling chamber side wall Inlet element Air inlet opening Closure element Flow guide element Cover element Openings Flow direction Distance

Inside cantilever

Tab primary air supply primary air slide secondary air supply secondary air slide air box primary air duct drive

Drive

Breakthrough Breakthrough

Arrow

Arrow

A2023/88174-AT

Claims (10)

Patent claims 1. Heating boiler (1) for logs, such as logs (2), comprising a combustion chamber (3), above which, in particular immediately adjacent, a filling chamber (4) for the logs is arranged, wherein the filling chamber (4) has a hot space section (13) and a burn-through element (17) is arranged between the hot space section (13) and the combustion chamber (3), furthermore at least one ignition element (18) for igniting the logs is arranged or can be arranged, and with a filling chamber lining (12), characterized in that in the hot space section (13) at least two support elements (20, 21) for supporting the logs are arranged, so that an air duct (23) is formed between the floor of the hot space section (13) and the logs when the logs are ignited, which air duct extends between an ignition element (18) and the Burn-through element (17). 2. Boiler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the support elements (20) is formed by a ring on the circumference of the burn-through element. element (17) arranged support element (24). 3. Boiler (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the Support element (24) is designed as a collar of the burn-through element (17). 4. Boiler (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the support elements (21) is formed by a projection of the filling chamber lining (12) projecting into the ignition section is. 5. Boiler (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a primary air supply (44) with a primary air slide (45) and a secondary air supply (46) with a secondary air slide (47). A2023/88174-AT 6. Boiler (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the primary air slide (46) and the secondary air slide (47) each have their own drive (50, 51) for their adjustment. 7. Boiler (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it has an ignition and heating air supply in which an air slide is arranged. net, whereby this air damper is combined with the primary air damper (46). 8. Boiler (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it has a regulating and/or control device with an electronic memory element, wherein a program is stored in the memory element with which the exhaust fan speed and/or the position of the primary air valve can be adjusted depending on the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature. bers and/or the secondary air slide is changed. 9. Boiler (1) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that an intake duct for the primary air intake to the first combustion chamber section is provided at least in the region of the hot space section (13) in the front area of the hot space section (13). 10. Method for feeding a boiler (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9 with logs (2), characterized in that a lowermost layer of the logs (2) for forming an air supply channel (30) between the ignition element (18) and the burn-through element (17) is placed on support elements (20, 21) at least partially spaced from the bottom of the hot space compartment. section (13). 24737 A2023/88174-AT