ATE170932T1 - Wässerige lösung, die ein anorganisches silikat oder aluminat, ein funktionelles silan und ein nicht-funktionelles silan enthält und verfahren zum vorbehandeln von metall mit dieser lösung - Google Patents
Wässerige lösung, die ein anorganisches silikat oder aluminat, ein funktionelles silan und ein nicht-funktionelles silan enthält und verfahren zum vorbehandeln von metall mit dieser lösungInfo
- Publication number
- ATE170932T1 ATE170932T1 AT95913521T AT95913521T ATE170932T1 AT E170932 T1 ATE170932 T1 AT E170932T1 AT 95913521 T AT95913521 T AT 95913521T AT 95913521 T AT95913521 T AT 95913521T AT E170932 T1 ATE170932 T1 AT E170932T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- functional silane
- aluminate
- solution containing
- aqueous solution
- inorganic silicate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910001387 inorganic aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 siloxane forms Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005369 trialkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/207,565 US5433976A (en) | 1994-03-07 | 1994-03-07 | Metal pretreated with an aqueous solution containing a dissolved inorganic silicate or aluminate, an organofuctional silane and a non-functional silane for enhanced corrosion resistance |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE170932T1 true ATE170932T1 (de) | 1998-09-15 |
Family
ID=22771103
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT95913521T ATE170932T1 (de) | 1994-03-07 | 1995-03-03 | Wässerige lösung, die ein anorganisches silikat oder aluminat, ein funktionelles silan und ein nicht-funktionelles silan enthält und verfahren zum vorbehandeln von metall mit dieser lösung |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5433976A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0749501B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH09510259A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1146217A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE170932T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU677121B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9507044A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2185163A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69504641T2 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0749501T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2123241T3 (de) |
| HU (1) | HUT75966A (de) |
| IL (1) | IL112919A (de) |
| NZ (1) | NZ282955A (de) |
| PE (1) | PE43195A1 (de) |
| PH (1) | PH31635A (de) |
| PL (1) | PL316253A1 (de) |
| RO (1) | RO117194B1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2110610C1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW357196B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1995024517A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA951876B (de) |
Families Citing this family (48)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5700523A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-12-23 | Bulk Chemicals, Inc. | Method for treating metal surfaces using a silicate solution and a silane solution |
| US6605365B1 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 2003-08-12 | The Boeing Company | Pigmented alkoxyzirconium sol |
| US5789085A (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-08-04 | Blohowiak; Kay Y. | Paint adhesion |
| US6506499B1 (en) | 1996-11-04 | 2003-01-14 | The Boeing Company | Silicon-yttrium sol coating of metals |
| US5759629A (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-06-02 | University Of Cincinnati | Method of preventing corrosion of metal sheet using vinyl silanes |
| US5750197A (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-05-12 | The University Of Cincinnati | Method of preventing corrosion of metals using silanes |
| US6592738B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 2003-07-15 | Elisha Holding Llc | Electrolytic process for treating a conductive surface and products formed thereby |
| WO1998033960A1 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-06 | Elisha Technologies Co. L.L.C. | An electrolytic process for forming a mineral containing coating |
| US6599643B2 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2003-07-29 | Elisha Holding Llc | Energy enhanced process for treating a conductive surface and products formed thereby |
| US6153080A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2000-11-28 | Elisha Technologies Co Llc | Electrolytic process for forming a mineral |
| US6322687B1 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 2001-11-27 | Elisha Technologies Co Llc | Electrolytic process for forming a mineral |
| AU1198799A (en) | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-10 | Cornelis P. J. Van Der Aar | Rubber to metal bonding by silane coupling agents |
| DE19814605A1 (de) * | 1998-04-01 | 1999-10-07 | Kunz Gmbh | Mittel zur Versiegelung von metallischen, insbesondere aus Zink oder Zinklegierungen bestehenden Untergründen |
| US6162547A (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2000-12-19 | The University Of Cinncinnati | Corrosion prevention of metals using bis-functional polysulfur silanes |
| JP4165943B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-18 | 2008-10-15 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 亜鉛被覆鋼および無被覆鋼の防錆コーティング剤 |
| US6416869B1 (en) | 1999-07-19 | 2002-07-09 | University Of Cincinnati | Silane coatings for bonding rubber to metals |
| US6106901A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-22 | Brent International Plc | Method of treating metals using ureido silanes and multi-silyl-functional silanes in admixture |
| US6132808A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-10-17 | Brent International Plc | Method of treating metals using amino silanes and multi-silyl-functional silanes in admixture |
| US6071566A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-06-06 | Brent International Plc | Method of treating metals using vinyl silanes and multi-silyl-functional silanes in admixture |
| US6827981B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 | 2004-12-07 | The University Of Cincinnati | Silane coatings for metal |
| ATE463591T1 (de) * | 2001-06-28 | 2010-04-15 | Alonim Holding Agricultural Co | Oberflächebehandlung zur verbesserung der korrosionsbeständigkeit von magnesium |
| JP3486404B2 (ja) | 2001-07-16 | 2004-01-13 | 日本リークレス工業株式会社 | メタルガスケット素材板およびその製造方法 |
| EP1492904A2 (de) * | 2001-08-03 | 2005-01-05 | Elisha Holding LLC | Ein nichtektrolyt verfahren zur metalloberflächenbehandlung und hergestellte gegenstände |
| WO2003066937A2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-14 | Elisha Holding Llc | Method for treating metallic surfaces and products formed thereby |
| US20040188262A1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-09-30 | Heimann Robert L. | Method for treating metallic surfaces and products formed thereby |
| BR0306570A (pt) * | 2002-10-07 | 2004-11-30 | Coatings For Ind | Formação de revestimentos resistentes à corrosão |
| FR2847913B1 (fr) * | 2002-11-28 | 2005-02-18 | Electro Rech | Procede de traitement surfacique de pieces metalliques avant moulage d'un revetement de caoutchouc ainsi que bain de finition chimique et piece metallique ainsi obtenue |
| US6887308B2 (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2005-05-03 | Johnsondiversey, Inc. | Metal coating coupling composition |
| JP4518419B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-25 | 2010-08-04 | ヒェメタル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 少なくとも2個のシランを含有する混合物を用いての金属表面の被覆方法 |
| US7524535B2 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2009-04-28 | Posco | Method of protecting metals from corrosion using thiol compounds |
| US10041176B2 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2018-08-07 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | No-rinse pretreatment methods and compositions |
| US7695771B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2010-04-13 | Chemetall Gmbh | Process for forming a well visible non-chromate conversion coating for magnesium and magnesium alloys |
| US7994249B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2011-08-09 | The University Of Cincinnati | Silane coating compositions and methods of use thereof |
| US7704563B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2010-04-27 | The University Of Cincinnati | Method of applying silane coating to metal composition |
| US7527872B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2009-05-05 | Goodrich Corporation | Treated aluminum article and method for making same |
| US8241742B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2012-08-14 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Coated steel sheet comprising a composite coat containing compounded resin particles |
| DE102006031492A1 (de) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Gerhard Heiche Gmbh | Korrosionsbeständiges Substrat und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| US20080026151A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Danqing Zhu | Addition of silanes to coating compositions |
| EP1978024A1 (de) | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-08 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Silan-Zusammensetzungen mit neuen Vernetzungsmitteln |
| US7972659B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2011-07-05 | Ecosil Technologies Llc | Method of applying silanes to metal in an oil bath containing a controlled amount of water |
| EP2718027A1 (de) * | 2011-06-07 | 2014-04-16 | Tata Steel IJmuiden BV | Warmformbares band, folie oder rohling, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, verfahren zum warmformen eines produkts und warmgeformtes produkt |
| US9656297B1 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2017-05-23 | Nei Corporation | Steel pretreatment solution and method for enhanced corrosion and cathodic disbondment resistance |
| TR201807970T4 (tr) * | 2012-08-27 | 2018-06-21 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Avantajlı özelliklere sahip kaplanan çelik şerit veya levha. |
| PL3019563T3 (pl) * | 2013-07-10 | 2023-04-03 | Chemetall Gmbh | Sposób powlekania powierzchni metalicznych podłoży i przedmioty powlekane tym sposobem |
| RU2677206C2 (ru) * | 2013-07-18 | 2019-01-15 | Шеметалл Гмбх | Способ нанесения покрытий на металлические поверхности субстратов и покрытые данным способом изделия |
| ES2732264T5 (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2025-06-26 | Doerken Ewald Ag | Method for production of a substrate with a chromium vi free and cobalt-free passivation |
| JP6644631B2 (ja) | 2016-05-10 | 2020-02-12 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 金属表面処理用水溶液及び金属表面の処理方法 |
| CN111318434A (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种无取向电工钢材料的处理方法 |
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| JPS5815541B2 (ja) * | 1975-10-22 | 1983-03-26 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | コウザイノ ヒヨウメンシヨリホウ |
| JPS52141436A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1977-11-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method of manufacturing precoated steel plated for use in d*i cans |
| JPS6033192B2 (ja) * | 1980-12-24 | 1985-08-01 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | 耐食性、塗料密着性、塗装耐食性のすぐれた複合被覆鋼板 |
| CA1211406A (en) * | 1980-12-24 | 1986-09-16 | Tomihiro Hara | Plated steel sheet with chromate and composite silicate resin films |
| JPS602186B2 (ja) * | 1980-12-24 | 1985-01-19 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | 塗装下地用表面処理鋼板 |
| JPS5850179A (ja) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-24 | Toshiba Corp | ガスシ−ルドメタルア−ク溶接装置 |
| US4659394A (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1987-04-21 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for preparation of highly anticorrosive surface-treated steel plate |
| JPS60162560A (ja) * | 1984-01-31 | 1985-08-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | 鋼の連続鋳造方法 |
| JPS617877A (ja) * | 1984-06-22 | 1986-01-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Crt用キヤラクタパタ−ン拡張装置 |
| JP2520871B2 (ja) * | 1985-09-06 | 1996-07-31 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | アンテナ指向方向検出装置 |
| JPS6357674A (ja) * | 1986-08-28 | 1988-03-12 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 親水性皮膜形成用処理剤及び処理方法 |
| JPS63130796A (ja) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-06-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 耐食性と塗料密着性に優れた複合化成処理鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| US4889775A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1989-12-26 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Highly corrosion-resistant surface-treated steel plate |
| JPH0238582A (ja) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 絶縁皮膜の形成された電磁鋼板 |
| US5108793A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-04-28 | Armco Steel Company, L.P. | Steel sheet with enhanced corrosion resistance having a silane treated silicate coating |
| US5221371A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-06-22 | Lockheed Corporation | Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys and the process for making the same |
| DE4138218C2 (de) * | 1991-11-21 | 1994-08-04 | Doerken Ewald Ag | Verwendung von Nachtauchmitteln für die Nachbehandlung von chromatierten oder passivierten Verzinkungsschichten |
| US5292549A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-03-08 | Armco Inc. | Metallic coated steel having a siloxane film providing temporary corrosion protection and method therefor |
| US5326594A (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1994-07-05 | Armco Inc. | Metal pretreated with an inorganic/organic composite coating with enhanced paint adhesion |
| US5322713A (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-06-21 | Armco Inc. | Metal sheet with enhanced corrosion resistance having a silane treated aluminate coating |
-
1994
- 1994-03-07 US US08/207,565 patent/US5433976A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-03-03 ES ES95913521T patent/ES2123241T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-03 NZ NZ282955A patent/NZ282955A/en unknown
- 1995-03-03 RO RO96-01767A patent/RO117194B1/ro unknown
- 1995-03-03 AT AT95913521T patent/ATE170932T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-03 EP EP95913521A patent/EP0749501B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-03 DK DK95913521T patent/DK0749501T3/da active
- 1995-03-03 HU HU9602448A patent/HUT75966A/hu unknown
- 1995-03-03 AU AU20927/95A patent/AU677121B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-03-03 CA CA002185163A patent/CA2185163A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-03-03 WO PCT/US1995/002580 patent/WO1995024517A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-03-03 CN CN95192626A patent/CN1146217A/zh active Pending
- 1995-03-03 DE DE69504641T patent/DE69504641T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-03 BR BR9507044A patent/BR9507044A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-03-03 PL PL95316253A patent/PL316253A1/xx unknown
- 1995-03-03 RU RU96120076A patent/RU2110610C1/ru active
- 1995-03-03 JP JP7523521A patent/JPH09510259A/ja active Pending
- 1995-03-06 TW TW084102124A patent/TW357196B/zh active
- 1995-03-07 PH PH50076A patent/PH31635A/en unknown
- 1995-03-07 PE PE1995263598A patent/PE43195A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-03-07 ZA ZA951876A patent/ZA951876B/xx unknown
- 1995-03-07 IL IL11291995A patent/IL112919A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5433976A (en) | 1995-07-18 |
| DK0749501T3 (da) | 1999-06-07 |
| CN1146217A (zh) | 1997-03-26 |
| AU677121B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| IL112919A0 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
| PE43195A1 (es) | 1995-12-30 |
| JPH09510259A (ja) | 1997-10-14 |
| HUT75966A (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| RU2110610C1 (ru) | 1998-05-10 |
| PH31635A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
| WO1995024517A1 (en) | 1995-09-14 |
| CA2185163A1 (en) | 1995-09-14 |
| TW357196B (en) | 1999-05-01 |
| RO117194B1 (ro) | 2001-11-30 |
| ZA951876B (en) | 1996-03-07 |
| BR9507044A (pt) | 1997-09-09 |
| AU2092795A (en) | 1995-09-25 |
| PL316253A1 (en) | 1997-01-06 |
| DE69504641T2 (de) | 1999-02-18 |
| DE69504641D1 (de) | 1998-10-15 |
| EP0749501B1 (de) | 1998-09-09 |
| EP0749501A1 (de) | 1996-12-27 |
| ES2123241T3 (es) | 1999-01-01 |
| IL112919A (en) | 1998-12-06 |
| NZ282955A (en) | 1998-05-27 |
| MX9603914A (es) | 1997-09-30 |
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| REN | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee |