ATE180156T1 - Vorrichtung zur beobachtung des epiduralbereichs während einer epiduraloperation - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur beobachtung des epiduralbereichs während einer epiduraloperationInfo
- Publication number
- ATE180156T1 ATE180156T1 AT94930505T AT94930505T ATE180156T1 AT E180156 T1 ATE180156 T1 AT E180156T1 AT 94930505 T AT94930505 T AT 94930505T AT 94930505 T AT94930505 T AT 94930505T AT E180156 T1 ATE180156 T1 AT E180156T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- epidural
- epidural space
- observing
- area during
- patient
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0133—Tip steering devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/3135—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for examination of the epidural or the spinal space
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3401—Puncturing needles for the peridural or subarachnoid space or the plexus, e.g. for anaesthesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0133—Tip steering devices
- A61M25/0136—Handles therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/3132—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for laparoscopy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
- A61B2017/00261—Discectomy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0009—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/129,331 US5354266A (en) | 1992-07-06 | 1993-09-30 | Method of epidural surgery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE180156T1 true ATE180156T1 (de) | 1999-06-15 |
Family
ID=22439477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT94930505T ATE180156T1 (de) | 1993-09-30 | 1994-09-30 | Vorrichtung zur beobachtung des epiduralbereichs während einer epiduraloperation |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5354266A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0720448B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH09505744A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE180156T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU697303B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2173113A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69418612T2 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0720448T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2131217T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1995008956A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (64)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5857996A (en) | 1992-07-06 | 1999-01-12 | Catheter Imaging Systems | Method of epidermal surgery |
| US5607462A (en) * | 1993-09-24 | 1997-03-04 | Cardiac Pathways Corporation | Catheter assembly, catheter and multi-catheter introducer for use therewith |
| US5908446A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1999-06-01 | Cardiac Pathways Corporation | Catheter assembly, catheter and multi-port introducer for use therewith |
| USD405881S (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1999-02-16 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Handle for steerable catheter |
| US5860953A (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1999-01-19 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Steerable catheter having disposable module and sterilizable handle and method of connecting same |
| USD398986S (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1998-09-29 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Handle interface for steerable catheter |
| US6007531A (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1999-12-28 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Steerable catheter having disposable module and sterilizable handle and method of connecting same |
| US5816257A (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1998-10-06 | Origin Medsystems, Inc. | Gasless retroperitoneal surgical procedure |
| US6213974B1 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 2001-04-10 | Visionary Biomedical, Inc. | Steerable catheter having segmented tip and one-piece inlet housing, and method of fabricating same |
| US6146355A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 2000-11-14 | Myelotec, Inc. | Steerable catheter |
| US5865184A (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1999-02-02 | Takiguchi; Tetsuo | Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia |
| US6106506A (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 2000-08-22 | Innovatec Medical Corp. | Method and apparatus for delivering a colonic lavage |
| US6234958B1 (en) | 1998-11-30 | 2001-05-22 | Medical Access Systems, Llc | Medical device introduction system including medical introducer having a plurality of access ports and methods of performing medical procedures with same |
| US6981941B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2006-01-03 | Power Medical Interventions | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
| US7032798B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2006-04-25 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
| US8025199B2 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2011-09-27 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical cutting and stapling device |
| US6517565B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2003-02-11 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Carriage assembly for controlling a steering wire steering mechanism within a flexible shaft |
| US7951071B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2011-05-31 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Moisture-detecting shaft for use with an electro-mechanical surgical device |
| US6315184B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2001-11-13 | Powermed, Inc. | Stapling device for use with an electromechanical driver device for use with anastomosing, stapling, and resecting instruments |
| US7743960B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2010-06-29 | Power Medical Interventions, Llc | Surgical device |
| US6793652B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2004-09-21 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electro-mechanical surgical device |
| US6716233B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2004-04-06 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Electromechanical driver and remote surgical instrument attachment having computer assisted control capabilities |
| US7695485B2 (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2010-04-13 | Power Medical Interventions, Llc | Surgical device |
| US8229549B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2012-07-24 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical imaging device |
| US6572536B1 (en) | 1999-11-05 | 2003-06-03 | Visionary Biomedical, Inc. | Autoclavable flexible fiberscope |
| US8016855B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2011-09-13 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Surgical device |
| US6488197B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-12-03 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Fluid delivery device for use with anastomosing resecting and stapling instruments |
| US6692430B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2004-02-17 | C2Cure Inc. | Intra vascular imaging apparatus |
| USD454951S1 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2002-03-26 | Visionary Biomedical, Inc. | Steerable catheter |
| USD466209S1 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2002-11-26 | Visionary Biomedical, Inc. | Steerable catheter |
| ATE398413T1 (de) | 2001-04-20 | 2008-07-15 | Power Med Interventions Inc | Abbildungsvorrichtung |
| AU2002315397A1 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2003-01-08 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | A method and system for integrated medical tracking |
| US9113878B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2015-08-25 | Covidien Lp | Pinion clip for right angle linear cutter |
| US7306574B2 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2007-12-11 | Optivia Medical, Llc | Steerable dilatation system, dilator, and related methods for stepped dilatation |
| CN101612030B (zh) | 2002-01-30 | 2013-05-29 | 柯惠Lp公司 | 外科手术成像装置 |
| DE10392670B4 (de) | 2002-05-16 | 2012-10-11 | C2Cure Inc. | Miniatur-Kamerakopf |
| AU2003275336A1 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-23 | Power Medical Interventions, Inc. | Self-contained sterilizable surgical system |
| WO2005032617A2 (en) * | 2003-10-08 | 2005-04-14 | Roy Abell | Method for delivering a colonic lavage |
| WO2006015302A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-09 | X-Sten, Corp. | Spinal ligament modification devices |
| ES2637638T3 (es) | 2005-07-29 | 2017-10-16 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Dispositivos de extirpación de tejido percutáneo |
| US20070123890A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-31 | X-Sten, Corp. | Tissue retrieval devices and methods |
| GB2436527B (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2008-02-20 | Zsolt Joel Szarka | Needle |
| US7942830B2 (en) | 2006-05-09 | 2011-05-17 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Ipsilateral approach to minimally invasive ligament decompression procedure |
| US20070299459A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-12-27 | X-Sten Corp. | Percutaneous Tissue Access Device |
| USD620593S1 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2010-07-27 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue excision device |
| USD606654S1 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2009-12-22 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue excision device |
| WO2008100906A2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-08-21 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue excision devices and methods |
| EP2197364B1 (de) | 2007-09-21 | 2016-07-20 | Covidien LP | Chirurgische vorrichtung |
| CN101801284B (zh) | 2007-09-21 | 2012-10-03 | Tyco医疗健康集团 | 手术器械 |
| US20090118709A1 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-07 | Vertos Medical, Inc. A Delaware Corporation | Tissue Excision Tool, Kits and Methods of Using the Same |
| USD598549S1 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2009-08-18 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Surgical trocar |
| USD611146S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-03-02 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| USD619253S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-07-06 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| USD610259S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-02-16 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| USD619252S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-07-06 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| USD635671S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2011-04-05 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| USD621939S1 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-08-17 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Tissue modification device |
| US9168047B2 (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2015-10-27 | John T. To | Minimally invasive discectomy |
| US20120296166A1 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2012-11-22 | Kim Daniel H | Intradural endoscope |
| US20140018782A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-01-16 | Gregory Flynn | System, Method, and Apparatus for Performing Surgery using High Power Light Energy |
| HK1197964A2 (zh) | 2011-12-03 | 2015-02-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | 用於快速移除靶组织的安全刀头和系统 |
| US10342563B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2019-07-09 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Anti-clogging device for a vacuum-assisted, tissue removal system |
| DK3509506T3 (da) | 2016-09-07 | 2021-05-25 | Vertos Medical Inc | Fremgangsmåder og instrumenter til perkutan lateral rydningsresektion |
| WO2023245144A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | Vertos Medical, Inc. | Integrated instrument assembly |
Family Cites Families (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR990417A (fr) * | 1949-07-08 | 1951-09-21 | Sonde flexible à paroi terminale orientable pour usages médicaux | |
| DE1213571B (de) * | 1964-12-08 | 1966-03-31 | Paul Ritzau | Vorrichtung zum Verteilen von Roentgen-kontrastmitteln oder Medikamenten im Magen-Darmtraktus |
| US3470876A (en) * | 1966-09-28 | 1969-10-07 | John Barchilon | Dirigible catheter |
| US3605725A (en) * | 1968-08-07 | 1971-09-20 | Medi Tech Inc | Controlled motion devices |
| US3892228A (en) * | 1972-10-06 | 1975-07-01 | Olympus Optical Co | Apparatus for adjusting the flexing of the bending section of an endoscope |
| US4483326A (en) * | 1981-04-21 | 1984-11-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Medos Kenkyusho | Curvature control mechanism in endoscopes |
| US4545374A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1985-10-08 | Jacobson Robert E | Method and instruments for performing a percutaneous lumbar diskectomy |
| US4573448A (en) * | 1983-10-05 | 1986-03-04 | Pilling Co. | Method for decompressing herniated intervertebral discs |
| DE3443337A1 (de) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-05-28 | Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen | Instrument zur untersuchung und behandlung von koerperkanaelen |
| US4776844A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1988-10-11 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Medical tube |
| SE454045B (sv) * | 1986-08-04 | 1988-03-28 | Radisensor Ab | Ledare for mekanisk styrning av en kateter vid hjert- och kerlundersokningar |
| US4905666A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1990-03-06 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Bending device for an endoscope |
| US4808157A (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1989-02-28 | Neuro Delivery Technology, Inc. | Multi-lumen epidural-spinal needle |
| ES2007667A6 (es) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-07-01 | Espejo Martinez Antonio | Aparato localizador del espacio epidural |
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| US4904237A (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1990-02-27 | Janese Woodrow W | Apparatus for the exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and a method of treating brain and spinal cord injuries |
| DE3916288C2 (de) * | 1988-05-20 | 1993-10-28 | Wolfgang Dr Vilmar | Uretero-Renoskop |
| US5085631A (en) * | 1988-08-02 | 1992-02-04 | Thomas Jefferson University | Method and kit for administering spinal subarachnoid anesthesia |
| US5053046A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1991-10-01 | Woodrow W. Janese | Dural sealing needle and method of use |
| US4968298A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1990-11-06 | Michelson Gary K | Interspace irrigator |
| CA1326620C (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1994-02-01 | Geoffrey S. Martin | Catheter for prolonged access |
| US4930521A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-06-05 | Metzger William T | Variable stiffness esophageal catheter |
| US5131382A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1992-07-21 | Meyer William F | Endoscopic percutaneous discectomy device |
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| US4973312A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-11-27 | Andrew Daniel E | Method and system for inserting spinal catheters |
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| US5024655A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-06-18 | Freeman Andrew B | Epidural catheter apparatus and associated method |
| US5215105A (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1993-06-01 | Custom Medical Concepts, Inc. | Method of treating epidural lesions |
| US5232442A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1993-08-03 | Brigham And Women's Hospital | Method and apparatus for inducing anesthesia |
| US5084043A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1992-01-28 | Laserscope | Method for performing a percutaneous diskectomy using a laser |
| US4983165A (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-01-08 | Loiterman David A | Guidance system for vascular catheter or the like |
| JP3232308B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-02 | 2001-11-26 | ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド | カテーテル操縦機構 |
| JPH03264041A (ja) * | 1990-03-14 | 1991-11-25 | Machida Endscope Co Ltd | 湾曲操作装置 |
| JP2852785B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-14 | 1999-02-03 | 株式会社町田製作所 | 可撓管用アングル |
| ATE123957T1 (de) * | 1990-12-07 | 1995-07-15 | Ruesch Willy Ag | Medizinisches instrument mit lenkbarer spitze. |
| US5188594A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-02-23 | Michael Zilberstein | Method of administering medication into epidural space |
| US5195541A (en) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-03-23 | Obenchain Theodore G | Method of performing laparoscopic lumbar discectomy |
| US5197649A (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-03-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Gastrointestinal endoscoptic stapler |
-
1993
- 1993-09-30 US US08/129,331 patent/US5354266A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-09-30 ES ES94930505T patent/ES2131217T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-30 AU AU79602/94A patent/AU697303B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-09-30 DK DK94930505T patent/DK0720448T3/da active
- 1994-09-30 WO PCT/US1994/011006 patent/WO1995008956A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-09-30 JP JP7510446A patent/JPH09505744A/ja active Pending
- 1994-09-30 AT AT94930505T patent/ATE180156T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-30 DE DE69418612T patent/DE69418612T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-30 CA CA002173113A patent/CA2173113A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-09-30 EP EP94930505A patent/EP0720448B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-11 US US08/321,174 patent/US5496269A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09505744A (ja) | 1997-06-10 |
| WO1995008956A1 (en) | 1995-04-06 |
| CA2173113A1 (en) | 1995-04-06 |
| EP0720448A1 (de) | 1996-07-10 |
| AU7960294A (en) | 1995-04-18 |
| AU697303B2 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
| US5496269A (en) | 1996-03-05 |
| DK0720448T3 (da) | 1999-11-08 |
| DE69418612D1 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
| DE69418612T2 (de) | 1999-12-30 |
| ES2131217T3 (es) | 1999-07-16 |
| EP0720448B1 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
| US5354266A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
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