ATE359311T1 - Kristallflüssiges polyesterharz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents

Kristallflüssiges polyesterharz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Info

Publication number
ATE359311T1
ATE359311T1 AT05015204T AT05015204T ATE359311T1 AT E359311 T1 ATE359311 T1 AT E359311T1 AT 05015204 T AT05015204 T AT 05015204T AT 05015204 T AT05015204 T AT 05015204T AT E359311 T1 ATE359311 T1 AT E359311T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
polyester resin
crystalline polyester
liquid
production
crystal liquid
Prior art date
Application number
AT05015204T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Kato
Motoki Asahara
Tetsuhide Sawada
Original Assignee
Ueno Seiyaku Oyo Kenkyujo Kk
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ueno Seiyaku Oyo Kenkyujo Kk filed Critical Ueno Seiyaku Oyo Kenkyujo Kk
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE359311T1 publication Critical patent/ATE359311T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78Preparation processes
    • C08G63/80Solid-state polycondensation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/002Methods
    • B29B7/007Methods for continuous mixing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/12Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/12Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B9/14Making granules characterised by structure or composition fibre-reinforced
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/60Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from the reaction of a mixture of hydroxy carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/605Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from the reaction of a mixture of hydroxy carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds the hydroxy and carboxylic groups being bound to aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/043Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/14Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/38Polymers
    • C09K19/3804Polymers with mesogenic groups in the main chain
    • C09K19/3809Polyesters; Polyester derivatives, e.g. polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08J2367/03Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
AT05015204T 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Kristallflüssiges polyesterharz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung ATE359311T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004207118A JP4758079B2 (ja) 2004-07-14 2004-07-14 液晶ポリエステル樹脂およびその製造方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE359311T1 true ATE359311T1 (de) 2007-05-15

Family

ID=34981516

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT05015204T ATE359311T1 (de) 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Kristallflüssiges polyesterharz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7304121B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1616894B8 (de)
JP (1) JP4758079B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101175972B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1727439A (de)
AT (1) ATE359311T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005000857T2 (de)
SG (1) SG119375A1 (de)
TW (1) TWI370825B (de)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4625340B2 (ja) * 2005-01-31 2011-02-02 上野製薬株式会社 液晶ポリエステル樹脂およびその製造方法
US9056950B2 (en) 2010-07-23 2015-06-16 Ticona Gmbh Composite polymeric articles formed from extruded sheets containing a liquid crystal polymer
JP5616212B2 (ja) * 2010-12-16 2014-10-29 上野製薬株式会社 全芳香族液晶ポリエステル樹脂およびそれを含む組成物
JP5726610B2 (ja) * 2011-04-15 2015-06-03 Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 液晶ポリエステルの製造方法
KR101275396B1 (ko) * 2011-05-31 2013-06-17 삼성전기주식회사 인쇄 회로 기판용 절연성 수지 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 인쇄 회로 기판
CN103930952B (zh) 2011-11-15 2016-10-19 提克纳有限责任公司 细间距电连接器及用于其中的热塑性组合物
WO2013074477A1 (en) 2011-11-15 2013-05-23 Ticona Llc Naphthenic-rich liquid crystalline polymer composition with improved flammability performance
US8926862B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2015-01-06 Ticona Llc Low naphthenic liquid crystalline polymer composition for use in molded parts with a small dimensional tolerance
JP2014533325A (ja) 2011-11-15 2014-12-11 ティコナ・エルエルシー 低ナフテン系液晶ポリマー組成物
JP6294230B2 (ja) 2011-11-15 2018-03-14 ティコナ・エルエルシー コンパクトカメラモジュール
KR20140032292A (ko) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-14 삼성전기주식회사 방열기판용 수지조성물 및 이를 포함하는 방열기판
US9145469B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2015-09-29 Ticona Llc Aromatic polyester containing a biphenyl chain disruptor
WO2014074227A1 (en) 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Ticona Llc Liquid crystalline polymer composition for films
CN108884325B (zh) * 2016-02-29 2020-08-04 宝理塑料株式会社 含有液晶聚合物粒子的树脂组合物及使用该树脂组合物的成型体、以及它们的制造方法
JP6837184B2 (ja) * 2018-04-16 2021-03-03 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 液晶性樹脂組成物
JP7175834B2 (ja) * 2019-04-16 2022-11-21 上野製薬株式会社 液晶ポリエステル樹脂
JP6745008B1 (ja) * 2019-05-17 2020-08-19 住友化学株式会社 液晶ポリエステル樹脂組成物のペレット
JP7314901B2 (ja) 2020-10-22 2023-07-26 コベルコ建機株式会社 ピン孔芯出し構造
CN112608461B (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-08-17 上海思涛新材料科技有限公司 一种热致性阻燃抗熔滴的芳香族液晶共聚酯及其制备方法
CN112979934B (zh) * 2021-02-07 2022-10-11 东华大学 一种热致液晶嵌段聚芳酯及其制备和应用
US20250297099A1 (en) * 2024-03-20 2025-09-25 Ticona Llc Polymer Composition Containing a Blend of Liquid Crystalline Polymers

Family Cites Families (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5594930A (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-07-18 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Preparation of aromatic polyester by improved bulk polymerization process
US4639504A (en) * 1982-06-08 1987-01-27 Dart Industries Inc. Production of thermally stabilized aromatic polyesters
US4742149A (en) * 1983-11-30 1988-05-03 Dart Industries, Inc. Production of melt consistent aromatic polyesters
JPH0713131B2 (ja) 1986-04-05 1995-02-15 三井石油化学工業株式会社 芳香族ポリエステル
JPH0747624B2 (ja) * 1988-05-20 1995-05-24 三菱化学株式会社 芳香族ポリエステルおよびその製造方法
US4849499A (en) * 1988-08-01 1989-07-18 Eastman Kodak Company Melt processable, liquid crystalline polyesters
US5015723A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-05-14 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Process for producing aromatic polyesters
JP2838119B2 (ja) * 1988-09-02 1998-12-16 住友化学工業株式会社 芳香族ポリエステルの製造法
JPH02276819A (ja) * 1988-12-29 1990-11-13 Kawasaki Steel Corp 芳香族ポリエステルおよび芳香族ポリエステルアミドならびにそれらを用いた繊維、樹脂組成物
JPH0350255A (ja) * 1989-07-18 1991-03-04 Tosoh Corp 樹脂組成物及びスピーカ用振動板
US5393848A (en) * 1990-01-16 1995-02-28 Hoechst Celanese Corp. Process for forming improved liquid crystalline polymer blends
US5237038A (en) * 1990-11-16 1993-08-17 Eastman Kodak Company Polyesters from terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, hydroquinone and 4,4'-biphenol
US5110896A (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-05-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester compositions
JPH0525262A (ja) * 1991-07-22 1993-02-02 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 耐熱性ポリエステル
JP3353450B2 (ja) * 1994-05-10 2002-12-03 東レ株式会社 ガラス繊維強化液晶ポリエステル樹脂組成物
JPH07331036A (ja) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-19 Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd 樹脂封止材およびそれを用いた電気電子部品
JP3375217B2 (ja) * 1994-10-14 2003-02-10 新日本石油化学株式会社 電気電子部品用封止材
JP3708154B2 (ja) * 1995-01-18 2005-10-19 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 液晶性ポリマーペレットおよびその製造方法
JPH1036492A (ja) * 1996-07-29 1998-02-10 Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd 全芳香族ポリエステルの製造方法
US6121369A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-09-19 Eastman Chemical Company Liquid crystalline polyester compositions containing carbon black
JPH11246654A (ja) * 1998-03-04 1999-09-14 Polyplastics Co 液晶性ポリエステルの製造方法およびその成形品
EP1312631A3 (de) * 1998-09-18 2003-06-25 Eastman Chemical Company Flüssigkristalline Polyester mit einer überraschenden Kombination von niedrigem Schmelzpunkt, hoher formbestaändigkeit in der Wärme, niedriger schmelzviskosität, und hoher Bruchdennung
JP3709969B2 (ja) * 1998-12-28 2005-10-26 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 液晶性ポリマーの製造方法
JP4034019B2 (ja) * 1999-11-18 2008-01-16 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 液晶性ポリエステルの製造方法
CA2410570A1 (en) * 2000-07-05 2002-01-10 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High tracking index liquid crystalline polymers and related applications
JP4644933B2 (ja) * 2000-12-14 2011-03-09 住友化学株式会社 溶融液晶性樹脂の製造方法
JP4798856B2 (ja) * 2001-02-23 2011-10-19 上野製薬株式会社 流動性が改良された全芳香族耐熱液晶ポリエステル樹脂組成物
JP2004051867A (ja) * 2002-07-23 2004-02-19 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd 芳香族液晶ポリエステルフィルムおよびその金属積層体
US20040135118A1 (en) 2002-12-18 2004-07-15 Waggoner Marion G. Process for producing a liquid crystalline polymer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060036058A1 (en) 2006-02-16
JP2006028287A (ja) 2006-02-02
EP1616894B1 (de) 2007-04-11
SG119375A1 (en) 2006-02-28
EP1616894A1 (de) 2006-01-18
KR101175972B1 (ko) 2012-08-22
KR20060050161A (ko) 2006-05-19
EP1616894B8 (de) 2007-08-01
JP4758079B2 (ja) 2011-08-24
TWI370825B (en) 2012-08-21
CN1727439A (zh) 2006-02-01
DE602005000857D1 (de) 2007-05-24
DE602005000857T2 (de) 2007-12-13
TW200602377A (en) 2006-01-16
US7304121B2 (en) 2007-12-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE359311T1 (de) Kristallflüssiges polyesterharz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
PT1366104E (pt) Compostos poliméricos degradáveis no ambiente, a sua preparação e utilização como adesivo termofusível
EP1707588A4 (de) Harz und harzzusammensetzung
ATE248872T1 (de) Alkoxysilan-endgruppen aufweisende polyurethanprepolymere, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie ihre verwendung zur herstellung von dichtstoffen
JP6436991B2 (ja) 二成分接着剤
WO2003022927A1 (en) Biodegradable resin composition for molding and molded object obtained by molding the same
ATE540809T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung wasserabweisender schichtstoffe
WO2008039637A3 (en) Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
PL2098579T3 (pl) Klej laminujący dla odformowania w podwyższonej temperaturze
EP1914255A3 (de) Aliphatische Polyisocyanat-Präpolymere und diese verwendende Polyurethanharz-Beschichtungszusammensetzungen
DE602004024695D1 (de) Flüssigkristallines polyesterharz
EP1736489A3 (de) Polyurethanelastomere, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
RU2006123683A (ru) Полиамидная формовочная композиция и способ изготовления многослойного комбинированного материала с применением полиамидной формовочной композиции
ATE455140T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von reaktiven polyurethanzusammensetzungen
WO2009007534A3 (fr) Materiau a transition de spin.
DK1830661T3 (da) Ikke-klæbende tyggegummi
DE60301144D1 (en) Amorphe-kristalline blockcopolymere
EP1577347A4 (de) Amorphes, vollaromatisches polyesteramid enthaltendezusammsensetzung
WO2009041482A1 (ja) アセチレン化合物
ATE479718T1 (de) Poröse polyisocyanat-polyadditionsprodukte
WO2008087991A1 (ja) 樹脂組成物及びその製造方法、並びに共重合体
ATE468358T1 (de) Kationische polymerdispersionen, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung
DK2081973T3 (da) Støbemasser på basis af polyurethan
WO2008009388A8 (en) Polyurethane derivates and corresponding uses and methods for producing watermarks
JP2007515460A5 (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties