ATE400627T1 - Additivkomponenten für flüssigkristalline materialien - Google Patents
Additivkomponenten für flüssigkristalline materialienInfo
- Publication number
- ATE400627T1 ATE400627T1 AT04797266T AT04797266T ATE400627T1 AT E400627 T1 ATE400627 T1 AT E400627T1 AT 04797266 T AT04797266 T AT 04797266T AT 04797266 T AT04797266 T AT 04797266T AT E400627 T1 ATE400627 T1 AT E400627T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystalline
- mixtures
- polymer
- cross
- linkable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 6
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/586—Optically active dopants; chiral dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K19/126—Compounds containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
- C09K19/2021—Compounds containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3411—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a three-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03405861 | 2003-12-04 | ||
| EP04405060 | 2004-01-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE400627T1 true ATE400627T1 (de) | 2008-07-15 |
Family
ID=34655120
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT04797266T ATE400627T1 (de) | 2003-12-04 | 2004-11-25 | Additivkomponenten für flüssigkristalline materialien |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8105662B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1689827B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5079332B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101196237B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE400627T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE602004014971D1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI363795B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005054406A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7910179B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2011-03-22 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Vinylsulfone derivative, liquid crystal composition comprising the same and compensation film using the same liquid crystal composition |
| CN101517440B (zh) | 2006-09-13 | 2012-12-12 | 罗利克有限公司 | 体积光学配向延迟器 |
| US7927671B2 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2011-04-19 | Chisso Corporation | Trifunctional compound, composition and polymer thereof |
| WO2008077261A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Rolic Ag | Patternable liquid crystal polymer comprising thio-ether units |
| KR101527402B1 (ko) | 2007-12-21 | 2015-06-09 | 롤릭 리미티드 | 광정렬 조성물 |
| EP2222740B1 (de) * | 2007-12-21 | 2017-10-11 | Rolic AG | Funktionalisierte lichtreaktive verbindungen |
| JP5446109B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-28 | 2014-03-19 | Ｄｉｃ株式会社 | ヒドロキシ安息香酸誘導体及び重合性化合物の製造方法 |
| DE102009022309A1 (de) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-25 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Flüssigkristallanzeige |
| JP2010275195A (ja) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-09 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | （メタ）アクリル酸エステル化合物の製造方法 |
| TWI490316B (zh) | 2009-07-09 | 2015-07-01 | Rolic Ag | 用於光學或光電元件之含酯基液晶 |
| EP2272937A1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | Rolic AG | Estergruppe mit Verbindungen für optische oder elektrooptische Vorrichtungen |
| WO2016020630A2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler |
| EP2842003B1 (de) | 2012-04-25 | 2019-02-27 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Holographisches weitwinkeldisplay |
| KR101373669B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-03-13 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | 액정 표시 소자 및 그의 제조방법 |
| JP2016006130A (ja) | 2012-10-19 | 2016-01-14 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶組成物、液晶表示装置及び液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
| US9933684B2 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2018-04-03 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Transparent waveguide display providing upper and lower fields of view having a specific light output aperture configuration |
| WO2016042283A1 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Method and apparatus for generating input images for holographic waveguide displays |
| US10437064B2 (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2019-10-08 | Digilens Inc. | Environmentally isolated waveguide display |
| US9632226B2 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2017-04-25 | Digilens Inc. | Waveguide grating device |
| WO2017060665A1 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Waveguide display |
| CN109477930A (zh) | 2016-07-29 | 2019-03-15 | 罗利克技术有限公司 | 在液晶聚合物材料上产生取向的方法 |
| US10655066B2 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2020-05-19 | Dic Corporation | Optical isomer |
| EP3548939A4 (de) | 2016-12-02 | 2020-11-25 | DigiLens Inc. | Wellenleitervorrichtung mit gleichmässiger ausgabebeleuchtung |
| US10545346B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2020-01-28 | Digilens Inc. | Wearable heads up displays |
| CN114721242B (zh) | 2018-01-08 | 2025-08-15 | 迪吉伦斯公司 | 用于制造光学波导的方法 |
| JP7404243B2 (ja) | 2018-01-08 | 2023-12-25 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | 導波管セル内のホログラフィック格子の高スループット記録のためのシステムおよび方法 |
| JP7456929B2 (ja) | 2018-01-08 | 2024-03-27 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | 導波管セルを製造するためのシステムおよび方法 |
| WO2020149956A1 (en) | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | Digilens Inc. | Holographic waveguide display with light control layer |
| US20200247017A1 (en) | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-06 | Digilens Inc. | Methods for Compensating for Optical Surface Nonuniformity |
| US20220283377A1 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2022-09-08 | Digilens Inc. | Wide Angle Waveguide Display |
| EP3924759B1 (de) | 2019-02-15 | 2025-07-30 | Digilens Inc. | Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur herstellung einer holografischen wellenleiteranzeige mit integrierten gittern |
| CN111665653B (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2022-05-20 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种自支撑蓝相液晶膜及其制备方法 |
| EP3980825A4 (de) | 2019-06-07 | 2023-05-03 | Digilens Inc. | Wellenleiter mit durchlässigen und reflektierenden gittern sowie zugehörige herstellungsverfahren |
| CN118259397A (zh) | 2019-07-24 | 2024-06-28 | 罗利克技术有限公司 | 可光致配向的正c板延迟器 |
| JP2022546413A (ja) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-11-04 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | 真空回折格子および製造方法 |
| KR102249676B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-05-07 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | 유연성 및 가공성이 우수한 블랙아이스 표시용 대면적 광학필름 및 롤투롤 연속공정을 이용한 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230153459A (ko) | 2021-03-05 | 2023-11-06 | 디지렌즈 인코포레이티드. | 진공 주기적 구조체 및 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9815269D0 (en) * | 1998-07-14 | 1998-09-09 | Rolic Ag | Compositions |
| GB9903670D0 (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 1999-04-14 | Rolic Ag | Liquid crystal compounds |
| GB9906168D0 (en) | 1999-03-17 | 1999-05-12 | Rolic Ag | Liquid crystal compounds |
| GB9908934D0 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 1999-06-16 | Rolic Ag | Liquid crystalline compounds |
| GB9930557D0 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-02-16 | Rolic Ag | Optically active materials |
-
2004
- 2004-11-25 EP EP04797266A patent/EP1689827B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-25 US US10/581,716 patent/US8105662B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-25 DE DE602004014971T patent/DE602004014971D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-25 WO PCT/CH2004/000709 patent/WO2005054406A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-11-25 AT AT04797266T patent/ATE400627T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-11-25 JP JP2006541779A patent/JP5079332B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-25 KR KR1020067013359A patent/KR101196237B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-02 TW TW093137172A patent/TWI363795B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5079332B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
| TWI363795B (en) | 2012-05-11 |
| DE602004014971D1 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
| TW200526766A (en) | 2005-08-16 |
| EP1689827A1 (de) | 2006-08-16 |
| KR20060123423A (ko) | 2006-12-01 |
| EP1689827B1 (de) | 2008-07-09 |
| WO2005054406A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| JP2007522267A (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
| US20070257230A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
| US8105662B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
| KR101196237B1 (ko) | 2012-11-06 |
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