ATE480013T1 - Gasdiffusionselektroden, membran-elektroden- baugruppen und herstellungsverfahren dafür - Google Patents
Gasdiffusionselektroden, membran-elektroden- baugruppen und herstellungsverfahren dafürInfo
- Publication number
- ATE480013T1 ATE480013T1 AT05750447T AT05750447T ATE480013T1 AT E480013 T1 ATE480013 T1 AT E480013T1 AT 05750447 T AT05750447 T AT 05750447T AT 05750447 T AT05750447 T AT 05750447T AT E480013 T1 ATE480013 T1 AT E480013T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- gas diffusion
- production process
- membrane electrode
- electrode assemblies
- diffusion electrodes
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8867—Vapour deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
- C23C14/022—Cleaning or etching treatments by means of bombardment with energetic particles or radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/50—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of platinum group metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0607—Wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58073904P | 2004-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | |
| PCT/EP2005/006569 WO2005124905A1 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2005-06-17 | Gas diffusion electrodes, membrane-electrode assemblies and method for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE480013T1 true ATE480013T1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
Family
ID=34970029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT05750447T ATE480013T1 (de) | 2004-06-18 | 2005-06-17 | Gasdiffusionselektroden, membran-elektroden- baugruppen und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7419546B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1797610B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4919953B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101228648B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101019255A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE480013T1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0512248B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2571131C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE602005023328D1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2370859C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005124905A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5044920B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-25 | 2012-10-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| US7601216B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2009-10-13 | Basf Fuel Cell Gmbh | Gas diffusion electrodes, membrane-electrode assemblies and method for the production thereof |
| US8460841B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2013-06-11 | Basf Fuel Cell Gmbh | Gas diffusion electrodes, membrane-electrode assemblies and method for the production thereof |
| GB0711882D0 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2007-07-25 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst layer |
| RU2414021C1 (ru) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-03-10 | Федеральное Государственное учреждение "Российский научный центр "Курчатовский институт" (РНЦ "Курчатовский институт") | Способ получения каталитического слоя топливного элемента |
| EP2869382B1 (de) | 2013-10-30 | 2018-12-12 | Basf Se | Verbesserte Membranelektrodenanordnungen |
| CN114899417B (zh) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-12-29 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 一种燃料电池气体扩散层及其制备方法 |
| CN114725420B (zh) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-06-09 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 气体扩散层及其制备方法、及膜电极组件和燃料电池 |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4293396A (en) * | 1979-09-27 | 1981-10-06 | Prototech Company | Thin carbon-cloth-based electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrodes, and electrochemical cells comprising the same |
| US4925751A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-05-15 | Shackle Dale R | High power solid state electrochemical laminar cell |
| RU2033663C1 (ru) * | 1990-04-19 | 1995-04-20 | Государственное научно-производственное предприятие "Квант" | Способ изготовления основания электрода топливного элемента |
| DE4142712A1 (de) * | 1991-12-21 | 1992-10-01 | Lsg Loet Und Schweissgeraete G | Verfahren zur herstellung von formkoerpern, die sowohl elektronen- als auch ionenleitend sind und die darueberhinaus katalytische eigenschaften aufweisen |
| DE69506619T2 (de) * | 1994-06-02 | 1999-07-15 | Applied Materials, Inc., Santa Clara, Calif. | Induktiv gekoppelter Plasmareaktor mit einer Elektrode zur Erleichterung der Plasmazündung |
| US6159533A (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 2000-12-12 | Southwest Research Institute | Method of depositing a catalyst on a fuel cell electrode |
| US5631099A (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1997-05-20 | Hockaday; Robert G. | Surface replica fuel cell |
| RU2107970C1 (ru) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-03-27 | Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики при Томском политехническом университете | Магнетронная распылительная система |
| CN1061472C (zh) * | 1996-12-25 | 2001-01-31 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | 锂二次电池碳负极材料及其制备方法 |
| US6673127B1 (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 2004-01-06 | Denora S.P.A. | Method of forming robust metal, metal oxide, and metal alloy layers on ion-conductive polymer membranes |
| AU719341B2 (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 2000-05-04 | De Nora Elettrodi S.P.A. | Method of forming robust metal, metal oxide, and metal alloy layers on ion-conductive polymer membranes |
| US6967183B2 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2005-11-22 | Cabot Corporation | Electrocatalyst powders, methods for producing powders and devices fabricated from same |
| JPH11279784A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-12 | Shinko Pantec Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質膜上に触媒電極を形成する方法 |
| US6165636A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2000-12-26 | De Nora S.P.A. | Composition of a selective oxidation catalyst for use in fuel cells |
| US6300000B1 (en) | 1999-06-18 | 2001-10-09 | Gore Enterprise Holdings | Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies with improved power outputs and poison resistance |
| JP2001345106A (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-12-14 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極およびその製造方法 |
| GB0027119D0 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2000-12-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Gas diffusion substrate |
| DE10201691A1 (de) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-09-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Polymerelektrolytmembran, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Membranelektrodenanordnung und Polymerelektrolytbrennstoffzelle, die diese umfasst |
| JP2003017071A (ja) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-17 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極およびその製造方法とそれを備える燃料電池 |
| JP3959333B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-20 | 2007-08-15 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物、その製造方法、リチウム二次電池正極活物質及びリチウム二次電池 |
| US6685984B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-02-03 | Jsr Corporation | Method for the production of multilayers |
| US6866958B2 (en) | 2002-06-05 | 2005-03-15 | General Motors Corporation | Ultra-low loadings of Au for stainless steel bipolar plates |
| DE10333289A1 (de) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-09-02 | General Motors Corp. (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware), Detroit | Vorrichtung zur Formung einer katalytischen Beschichtng auf einem Substrat |
| JP3714930B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2005-11-09 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 燃料電池用電極およびそれを用いた燃料電池 |
| JP4243284B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-24 | 2009-03-25 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 配線基板および回路装置 |
| US7601216B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2009-10-13 | Basf Fuel Cell Gmbh | Gas diffusion electrodes, membrane-electrode assemblies and method for the production thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-03-03 US US11/070,958 patent/US7419546B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-17 CN CNA2005800200045A patent/CN101019255A/zh active Pending
- 2005-06-17 EP EP05750447A patent/EP1797610B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-17 WO PCT/EP2005/006569 patent/WO2005124905A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-06-17 KR KR1020077001319A patent/KR101228648B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-17 RU RU2006142378/09A patent/RU2370859C2/ru active
- 2005-06-17 BR BRPI0512248A patent/BRPI0512248B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2005-06-17 JP JP2007515898A patent/JP4919953B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-17 DE DE602005023328T patent/DE602005023328D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-17 AT AT05750447T patent/ATE480013T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-17 CA CA2571131A patent/CA2571131C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-05-23 US US12/154,499 patent/US7785454B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7785454B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
| US20080311435A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
| RU2370859C2 (ru) | 2009-10-20 |
| CN101019255A (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
| EP1797610A1 (de) | 2007-06-20 |
| RU2006142378A (ru) | 2008-06-10 |
| CA2571131A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
| BRPI0512248A (pt) | 2008-02-19 |
| BRPI0512248B1 (pt) | 2015-12-08 |
| KR101228648B1 (ko) | 2013-01-31 |
| DE602005023328D1 (de) | 2010-10-14 |
| WO2005124905A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
| KR20070069128A (ko) | 2007-07-02 |
| JP4919953B2 (ja) | 2012-04-18 |
| JP2008503038A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
| EP1797610B1 (de) | 2010-09-01 |
| US20050279643A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| US7419546B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 |
| CA2571131C (en) | 2014-08-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| RER | Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties |