ATE496928T1 - Bisacylphosphane und ihre verwendung als photoinitiatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphanen - Google Patents
Bisacylphosphane und ihre verwendung als photoinitiatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphanenInfo
- Publication number
- ATE496928T1 ATE496928T1 AT05817544T AT05817544T ATE496928T1 AT E496928 T1 ATE496928 T1 AT E496928T1 AT 05817544 T AT05817544 T AT 05817544T AT 05817544 T AT05817544 T AT 05817544T AT E496928 T1 ATE496928 T1 AT E496928T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- metal
- optionally
- c18alkenyl
- c18alkyl
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/029—Inorganic compounds; Onium compounds; Organic compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5036—Phosphines containing the structure -C(=X)-P or NC-P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/53—Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
- C07F9/5337—Phosphine oxides or thioxides containing the structure -C(=X)-P(=X) or NC-P(=X) (X = O, S, Se)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/5537—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom the heteroring containing the structure -C(=O)-N-C(=O)- (both carbon atoms belong to the heteroring)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/655—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having oxygen atoms, with or without sulfur, selenium, or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/65515—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having oxygen atoms, with or without sulfur, selenium, or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms the oxygen atom being part of a five-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/655—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having oxygen atoms, with or without sulfur, selenium, or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6552—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having oxygen atoms, with or without sulfur, selenium, or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms the oxygen atom being part of a six-membered ring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04105987 | 2004-11-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2005/055935 WO2006056541A1 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2005-11-14 | Process for preparing acylphosphanes and derivatives thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE496928T1 true ATE496928T1 (de) | 2011-02-15 |
Family
ID=34929912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT05817544T ATE496928T1 (de) | 2004-11-23 | 2005-11-14 | Bisacylphosphane und ihre verwendung als photoinitiatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphanen |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7687657B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1814891B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5148283B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101230940B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101065388B (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE496928T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE602005026156D1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW200630376A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006056541A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006074983A1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-07-20 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Process for preparing acylphosphanes and their oxides and sulphides |
| EP2199273B1 (de) | 2008-12-18 | 2018-02-21 | Agfa Nv | Polymerisierbare Fotoinitiatoren und strahlungshärtbare Zusammensetzungen |
| WO2010121387A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | ETH Zürich | Polymer nanoparticles |
| CN102428112B (zh) | 2009-05-18 | 2014-01-08 | 爱克发印艺公司 | 可聚合的聚合物光引发剂和辐射可固化组合物 |
| US8883872B2 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2014-11-11 | Basf Se | Polymer-bound bisacylphosphine oxides |
| CN102471150B (zh) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-05-07 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | D1492液体双酰基氧化膦光引发剂及其在可辐射固化组合物中的用途 |
| KR101580424B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-30 | 2015-12-24 | 디에스엠 아이피 어셋츠 비.브이. | D1479 안정한 액체 비스(아실)포스핀 광 개시제 및 방사선 경화성 조성물에서 이의 용도 |
| EP2630164A1 (de) | 2010-10-19 | 2013-08-28 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Verfahren zur modifizierung von polymeren, insbesondere polymernanopartikeln |
| WO2012052148A1 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2012-04-26 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Ultra fast process for the preparation of polymer nanoparticles |
| CN102924509A (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | 陈婷 | 双膦酰膦酸酯化合物 |
| CN103073658A (zh) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-01 | 深圳市有为化学技术有限公司 | 新型芳香羟基酮和膦酰氧化物的光引发剂混合物及其与光吸收剂的复合体系 |
| CN103130831A (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-05 | 深圳市有为化学技术有限公司 | 巯基取代的酰基膦氧化合物及含有该化合物的光引发剂 |
| WO2014051026A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | インク組成物、インクジェット記録方法、印刷物、ビスアシルホスフィンオキシド化合物、及び、モノアシルホスフィンオキシド化合物 |
| JP6445438B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-01 | 2018-12-26 | イーティーエイチ・チューリッヒ | アシルホスファン類の製造方法 |
| CN105051087A (zh) | 2012-12-18 | 2015-11-11 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 基于萘二酰亚胺-亚乙烯基-低聚噻吩-亚乙烯基聚合物的半导体材料 |
| WO2014095724A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Basf Se | Derivatives of bisacylphosphinic acid, their preparation and use as photoinitiators |
| JP6573877B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-08 | 2019-09-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 液状ビスアシルホスフィンオキシド光開始剤 |
| ES2706881T3 (es) * | 2014-05-30 | 2019-04-01 | Igm Resins Italia Srl | Fotoiniciadores de óxido de acilfosfina multifuncionales |
| CN105884824A (zh) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-08-24 | 郑成 | 酰基膦(氧)或磺酰膦(氧)类化合物的制备方法 |
| EP3031798B1 (de) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-09-27 | Belenos Clean Power Holding AG | Neuartiger Vernetzer zur Herstellung einer neuen Familie einzelner Ionenleitungspolymere für elektrochemische Vorrichtungen und diese Polymere |
| CN104592298B (zh) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-06 | 湖北固润科技股份有限公司 | 一种酰基膦高效光引发剂及其制备方法 |
| CN104910207B (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2019-03-05 | 天津墨森科技有限公司 | 双苯甲酰基苯基氧化膦和苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦的制备方法 |
| EP3296301A1 (de) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-21 | ETH Zürich | Vielseitiges verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphinen |
| US20190275201A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-09-12 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Photopolymerizable bone filler material |
| US10858380B2 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2020-12-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Photo active agents |
| EP3409680B1 (de) * | 2017-05-30 | 2021-01-06 | IGM Group B.V. | Synthese von bis(acyl)phosphinen durch aktivierung von nicht-reaktiven metallphosphiden |
| CN107400144B (zh) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-04-14 | 深圳有为技术控股集团有限公司 | 酰基膦(氧)化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
| WO2019032425A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2019-02-14 | Sun Chemical Corporation | UV-CURABLE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING ACYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE PHOTO-INITIATORS |
| EP3539924A1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-18 | ETH Zurich | Neuartige vinylphosphine und daraus erhältliche photoinitiatoren |
| CN112469739A (zh) | 2018-04-30 | 2021-03-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 来自连续法的高分子量聚合物 |
| US12325723B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2025-06-10 | Agfa Nv | Acylphosphineoxide initiators |
| KR102824944B1 (ko) | 2018-09-07 | 2025-06-24 | 아이지엠 레진스 이탈리아 에스.알.엘. | 다관능성 비스아실포스핀 옥사이드 광개시제 |
| CN115697278B (zh) | 2020-05-29 | 2025-08-19 | 奥德内股份公司 | 用于化学稳定的聚合物凝胶的可交联的预聚物 |
| US11964425B2 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2024-04-23 | Elkem Silicones USA Corp. | Method for producing a three-dimensional printed article |
| US20220380549A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-12-01 | Elkem Silicones USA Corp. | Method for producing a three-dimensional printed article |
| CN115611943B (zh) * | 2021-07-16 | 2024-12-20 | 常州强力先端电子材料有限公司 | 有机磷类引发剂及其制备方法、光固化组合物 |
| CN115612112B (zh) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-11-10 | 常州强力先端电子材料有限公司 | 有机磷类大分子类引发剂及其制备方法、光固化组合物 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3397039A (en) * | 1967-05-17 | 1968-08-13 | Procter & Gamble | Preparation of alkali metal phosphides |
| JPS4741114Y1 (de) * | 1968-02-14 | 1972-12-12 | ||
| DE2007535C3 (de) * | 1970-02-19 | 1974-12-12 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludsigshafen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Triarylphosphinen |
| US3668093A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1972-06-06 | Du Pont | Photoinitiation of vinyl polymerization by triaroylphosphines |
| DE3020092A1 (de) | 1980-05-27 | 1981-12-10 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Acylphosphinverbindungen und ihre verwendung |
| DE3443221A1 (de) * | 1984-11-27 | 1986-06-05 | ESPE Fabrik pharmazeutischer Präparate GmbH, 8031 Seefeld | Bisacylphosphinoxide, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
| US5218009A (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1993-06-08 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Mono- and di-acylphosphine oxides |
| EP0495751A1 (de) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-07-22 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Bisacylphosphine |
| JP4265871B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-30 | 2009-05-20 | チバ ホールディング インコーポレーテッド | アシルホスフィン類、アシルオキシド類およびアシルスルフィド類の製造方法 |
| GB2360283B (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2002-08-21 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Monoacylarylphosphines and acylphosphine oxides and sulphides |
| GB2365430B (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2002-08-28 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Acylphosphine photoinitiators and intermediates |
| ES2324983T3 (es) * | 2001-08-21 | 2009-08-21 | Ciba Holding Inc. | Oxidos y sulfuros de mono- y bis- acilfosfina batocromicos y su utilizacion como fotoiniciadores. |
| CN1589276A (zh) * | 2001-11-20 | 2005-03-02 | 西巴特殊化学品控股有限公司 | 酰基膦及其衍生物的多聚体 |
| ATE435230T1 (de) * | 2002-12-04 | 2009-07-15 | Ciba Holding Inc | Verfahren zur synthese von cycloorganylphosphanen und von di(alkali/erdalkalimetall)oligophosphandiiden |
| WO2005014605A1 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2005-02-17 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Process for preparing acylphosphanes and derivatives thereof |
| TW200523265A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-07-16 | Basf Ag | A process for the preparation of acylphosphines |
| WO2005037763A1 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-28 | Eli Lilly And Company | Phenoxyether derivatives as ppar modulators |
-
2005
- 2005-11-14 EP EP05817544A patent/EP1814891B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 US US11/667,780 patent/US7687657B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 KR KR1020077014374A patent/KR101230940B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 WO PCT/EP2005/055935 patent/WO2006056541A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-11-14 CN CN2005800401612A patent/CN101065388B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 JP JP2007541935A patent/JP5148283B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 DE DE602005026156T patent/DE602005026156D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-14 AT AT05817544T patent/ATE496928T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-22 TW TW094140925A patent/TW200630376A/zh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101065388B (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
| JP2008520623A (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
| EP1814891A1 (de) | 2007-08-08 |
| KR20070086609A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
| TW200630376A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
| DE602005026156D1 (de) | 2011-03-10 |
| WO2006056541A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
| KR101230940B1 (ko) | 2013-02-08 |
| CN101065388A (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
| US20080004464A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
| JP5148283B2 (ja) | 2013-02-20 |
| EP1814891B1 (de) | 2011-01-26 |
| US7687657B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ATE496928T1 (de) | Bisacylphosphane und ihre verwendung als photoinitiatoren, verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphanen | |
| ATE342908T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von acylphosphinen und deren derivate | |
| EA200900607A1 (ru) | Способ получения дифторметилпиразолилкарбоксилатов | |
| DE69821622D1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von phosphinverbindungen | |
| ATE554178T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von aminosäurederivaten aus hydroxyiminosäuren | |
| ATE517096T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von aminopyrimidinen | |
| ATE431366T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polymerverbindungen durch eliminierungsreaktion | |
| ATE506352T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von optional 2- substituierten 1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-4- pyrimidincarboxylsäuren | |
| DE69915713D1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von citalopram | |
| BR0313289B1 (pt) | sistema catalisador capaz de catalisar a carbonilaÇço de um composto olefinicamente insaturado, processo para a carbonilaÇço de um composto etilenicamente insaturado, e, mÉtodo de preparaÇço de um intermediÁrio para uma fosfina bidenteada. | |
| DE60238367D1 (de) | Asymmetrischer Kupferkomplex und dessen Verwendung in Cyclopropanierungsreaktion | |
| ATE536875T1 (de) | Verfahren und zwischenzusammensetzungen zur herstellung von statinen, insbesondere rosuvastatin | |
| ATE402183T1 (de) | Multimere formen von mono- und bis- acylphosphinoxiden | |
| DE50204181D1 (de) | Phthalsäurediamide, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel | |
| ATE455087T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von 2,5- dimethylphenylessigsäure | |
| DE602007005077D1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pyridinmethylsulphinylverbindungen | |
| ATE492523T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von halogensubstituiertem benzoldimethanol | |
| ATE264296T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von cyanessigsäureestern | |
| EP1816133A4 (de) | Neue fluor enthaltende polyetherphosphonat verbindungen und ein verfahren zu iher herstellung | |
| ATE293095T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von cyclopropancarboxylaten | |
| DE60014103D1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von debromohymenialdisin und deren analogen | |
| ATE555075T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von formylcyclopropancarbonsäureestern | |
| ATE370111T1 (de) | Verfahren zur hydroformylierung von ethylenisch ungesättigten verbindungen in anwesenheit einer säure und eines tertiären monophosphins | |
| DE60326654D1 (de) | Neues verfahren zur stereoselektiven reduktion von beta-ketoestern | |
| ATE417814T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von tetracarbonsäuren |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| RER | Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties |