ATE535501T1 - Verfahren und eine reihe von wannenöfen zum schmelzen von glas - Google Patents
Verfahren und eine reihe von wannenöfen zum schmelzen von glasInfo
- Publication number
- ATE535501T1 ATE535501T1 AT03758188T AT03758188T ATE535501T1 AT E535501 T1 ATE535501 T1 AT E535501T1 AT 03758188 T AT03758188 T AT 03758188T AT 03758188 T AT03758188 T AT 03758188T AT E535501 T1 ATE535501 T1 AT E535501T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- series
- furnace
- furnaces
- melting glass
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/03—Tank furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/04—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/12—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/173—Apparatus for changing the composition of the molten glass in glass furnaces, e.g. for colouring the molten glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/183—Stirring devices; Homogenisation using thermal means, e.g. for creating convection currents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/193—Stirring devices; Homogenisation using gas, e.g. bubblers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/20—Bridges, shoes, throats, or other devices for withholding dirt, foam, or batch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/225—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/44—Cooling arrangements for furnace walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/078—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
- C03B2211/20—Submerged gas heating
- C03B2211/22—Submerged gas heating by direct combustion in the melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
- C03B2211/70—Skull melting, i.e. melting or refining in cooled wall crucibles or within solidified glass crust, e.g. in continuous walled vessels
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0209728A FR2843107B1 (fr) | 2002-07-31 | 2002-07-31 | Four a cuves en serie pour la preparation de composition de verre a faible taux d'infondus |
| PCT/FR2003/002414 WO2004013056A1 (fr) | 2002-07-31 | 2003-07-30 | Procede et four a cuves en serie pour la fusion du verre |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE535501T1 true ATE535501T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
Family
ID=30129574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT03758188T ATE535501T1 (de) | 2002-07-31 | 2003-07-30 | Verfahren und eine reihe von wannenöfen zum schmelzen von glas |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8196432B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1527023B1 (de) |
| JP (2) | JP4594089B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101059494B1 (de) |
| CN (2) | CN100337950C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE535501T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003274207A1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0312930B1 (de) |
| EG (1) | EG24956A (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2378308T3 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2843107B1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05001226A (de) |
| PT (1) | PT1527023E (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004013056A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2866328B1 (fr) | 2004-02-16 | 2006-05-26 | Saint Gobain | Verre plat au plomb par flottage sur un bain de metal |
| FR2873681A1 (fr) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-03 | Saint Gobain | Procede et four a cuves en serie pour la preparation de frittes de verre |
| US7454925B2 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2008-11-25 | Corning Incorporated | Method of forming a glass melt |
| CN102803163B (zh) * | 2009-06-12 | 2015-11-25 | 气体产品与化学公司 | 用于控制熔融材料氧化状态的熔炉和方法 |
| FR2991759B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-06-20 | Saint Gobain Isover | Installation de fusion de verre |
| GB201313653D0 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka | Melting of vitrifiable material |
| GB201313652D0 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka | Melting of vitrifiable material |
| GB201313656D0 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka | Melting of vitrifiable material |
| GB201313651D0 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka | Melting of vitrifiable material |
| GB201313654D0 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka | Melting of vitrifiable material |
| MX369215B (es) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-10-30 | Colorobbia Mexico S A De C V | Horno de combustión sumergida para producción de frita y método de producción de frita. |
| EP3209615A4 (de) | 2014-10-20 | 2018-07-04 | Navus Automation, Inc. | Kieselglasofensystem und -verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von kieselglas |
| US10570045B2 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2020-02-25 | John Hart Miller | Glass and other material melting systems |
| TW201711967A (zh) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-04-01 | 美商.康寧公司 | 用於增進的均質性之玻璃熔融系統及方法 |
| CN109562972A (zh) | 2016-08-02 | 2019-04-02 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 用于熔化反应性玻璃和玻璃陶瓷的方法和用于其的熔化设备 |
| KR102523494B1 (ko) * | 2017-06-28 | 2023-04-20 | 코닝 인코포레이티드 | 유리 형성 장치들을 위한 멜터들 |
| US10807896B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2020-10-20 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Process and apparatus for glass manufacture |
| US11427492B2 (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2022-08-30 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Multi-chamber submerged combustion melter and system |
| US11459263B2 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2022-10-04 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Selective chemical fining of small bubbles in glass |
| US11319235B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 | 2022-05-03 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass manufacturing process |
| US12428330B2 (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2025-09-30 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Producing flint glass using submerged combustion melting |
| US11697608B2 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2023-07-11 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Selective chemical fining of small bubbles in glass |
| US11440829B2 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2022-09-13 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Utilization of sulfate in the fining of submerged combustion melted glass |
| US11912608B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 | 2024-02-27 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass manufacturing |
| US11680005B2 (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2023-06-20 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Feed material for producing flint glass using submerged combustion melting |
| FR3109810B1 (fr) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-09-09 | Saint Gobain Isover | Four à fort rendement énergétique |
Family Cites Families (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1596058A (en) * | 1923-02-07 | 1926-08-17 | Libbey Owens Sheet Glass Co | Glass-melting furnace |
| US2492523A (en) * | 1948-01-20 | 1949-12-27 | Metal & Thermit Corp | Acid resistant enamel frit and ferrous metal coated with enamel made from same |
| US2923636A (en) * | 1959-04-06 | 1960-02-02 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Glass-making frit and method |
| US3170781A (en) * | 1959-11-18 | 1965-02-23 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Apparatus for feeding gaseous materials to glass melting furnaces |
| FR79153E (de) * | 1960-01-14 | 1963-02-15 | ||
| US3203816A (en) * | 1960-09-13 | 1965-08-31 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Glass making batch and method |
| BE626966A (de) * | 1962-01-29 | |||
| US3244495A (en) * | 1962-07-02 | 1966-04-05 | Bausch & Lomb | Regulated flow glass melting furnace |
| GB1028482A (en) * | 1964-04-27 | 1966-05-04 | Selas Corp Of America | Improvements in or relating to a burner for glass melting apparatus |
| FR2032193A5 (de) | 1969-02-21 | 1970-11-20 | Saint Gobain | |
| US3627504A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1971-12-14 | Glass Container Ind Res | Method of adding colorant to molten glass |
| CH558761A (de) * | 1970-04-01 | 1975-02-14 | Eirich Wilhelm | Verfahren zur herstellung eines granulierten schmelzfaehigen glasgemenges. |
| DE2621741C3 (de) * | 1976-05-15 | 1979-06-28 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen., 6500 Mainz | Cadmiumhaltige Gläser für Filter mit Absorptionsteilkanten im Wellenlängenbereich &lgr |
| US4358304A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1982-11-09 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Method for preparing molten glass |
| US4199364A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-04-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Glass composition |
| US4312951A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1982-01-26 | Mobay Chemical Corporation | Low-melting, lead-free ceramic frits |
| FI77439C (fi) * | 1981-04-15 | 1989-03-10 | Riihimaeen Lasi Oy | Foerfarande foer opalisering av glas. |
| JPS6031772B2 (ja) * | 1982-05-17 | 1985-07-24 | 工業技術院長 | ガラス溶融炉 |
| GB8331031D0 (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1983-12-29 | Roberts D | Vitrification of asbestos waste |
| US4632687A (en) * | 1985-06-25 | 1986-12-30 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of melting raw materials for glass or the like using solid fuels or fuel-batch mixtures |
| JPS63285136A (ja) * | 1987-05-19 | 1988-11-22 | Toyo Glass Kk | 濃色緑色ガラス製造用フリット |
| US4877449A (en) * | 1987-07-22 | 1989-10-31 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Vertical shaft melting furnace and method of melting |
| US4994099A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-02-19 | Corning Glass Works | Method for fining molten glass |
| US5630860A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1997-05-20 | Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
| AT401301B (de) * | 1993-07-01 | 1996-08-26 | Holderbank Financ Glarus | Reaktor sowie verfahren zum schmelzen von verbrennungsrückständen |
| DE4447576A1 (de) | 1994-05-28 | 1996-05-09 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Glasfaserzusammensetzungen |
| CN1051806C (zh) * | 1996-04-17 | 2000-04-26 | 王明玉 | 微细粒浸染型原生金矿选冶工艺及设备 |
| DE19617344C1 (de) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-08-07 | Schott Glaswerke | Alkalifreies Aluminoborosilicatglas und seine Verwendung |
| FR2757150B1 (fr) | 1996-12-12 | 1999-01-22 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Procede d'emaillage de substrats en verre, composition d'email utilisee et produits obtenus |
| KR100583752B1 (ko) * | 1998-01-09 | 2006-05-25 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | 유리화 가능한 재료의 용융 및 정제를 위한 방법 및 장치 |
| EP1067099B1 (de) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-12-05 | Ferro Corporation | Kristallisierendes Glasurkomponentensystem |
| FR2796063B1 (fr) | 1999-07-08 | 2001-08-17 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Nouvelle composition d'email noir, recyclable, comprenant du zinc, procede de fabrication et produits emailles obtenus |
-
2002
- 2002-07-31 FR FR0209728A patent/FR2843107B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-07-30 CN CNB038182378A patent/CN100337950C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-30 MX MXPA05001226A patent/MXPA05001226A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-30 JP JP2004525497A patent/JP4594089B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-30 US US10/522,723 patent/US8196432B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-30 ES ES03758188T patent/ES2378308T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-30 PT PT03758188T patent/PT1527023E/pt unknown
- 2003-07-30 BR BRPI0312930-6A patent/BR0312930B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-30 WO PCT/FR2003/002414 patent/WO2004013056A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-30 KR KR1020057001604A patent/KR101059494B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-30 AT AT03758188T patent/ATE535501T1/de active
- 2003-07-30 AU AU2003274207A patent/AU2003274207A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-30 EP EP03758188A patent/EP1527023B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-30 CN CN2007100863059A patent/CN101041545B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-02 EG EG2003080747A patent/EG24956A/xx active
-
2010
- 2010-07-14 JP JP2010159829A patent/JP5102336B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20060105899A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
| CN101041545B (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
| BR0312930A (pt) | 2005-07-12 |
| FR2843107B1 (fr) | 2005-06-17 |
| WO2004013056A1 (fr) | 2004-02-12 |
| KR101059494B1 (ko) | 2011-08-25 |
| CN100337950C (zh) | 2007-09-19 |
| CN101041545A (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
| EP1527023A1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
| BR0312930B1 (pt) | 2011-11-01 |
| JP2010229033A (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
| FR2843107A1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 |
| AU2003274207A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 |
| PT1527023E (pt) | 2012-03-09 |
| MXPA05001226A (es) | 2005-06-08 |
| KR20050026045A (ko) | 2005-03-14 |
| EP1527023B1 (de) | 2011-11-30 |
| ES2378308T3 (es) | 2012-04-11 |
| CN1671631A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
| JP5102336B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
| JP4594089B2 (ja) | 2010-12-08 |
| JP2005534601A (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
| US8196432B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
| EG24956A (en) | 2011-02-21 |
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