BE364576A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE364576A BE364576A BE364576DA BE364576A BE 364576 A BE364576 A BE 364576A BE 364576D A BE364576D A BE 364576DA BE 364576 A BE364576 A BE 364576A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- mineral
- lubricants
- frost
- oils
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/14—Water
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/08—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/16—Ethers
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/063—Peroxides
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
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- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/044—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
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- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
- C10M2207/1225—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
- C10M2207/1265—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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- C10M2207/166—Naphthenic acids used as thickening agents
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- C10M2207/186—Tall oil acids used as thickening agents
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- C10M2207/206—Rosin acids used as thickening agents
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- C10M2207/24—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof
- C10M2207/246—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof used as thickening agents
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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- C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
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- C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
- C10M2215/082—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms] containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
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- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
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Lubrifiants résistant au gel ".
@
On a trouvé suivant la présente invention qu'on peut préparer des lubrifiants résistant au gel en mélangeant des huiles ou des graisses d'origine minérale, végétale ou animale avec des alcools polyvalents tels que l'éthylène-, le propylène- ou le butylèneglycol,, la.
glycérine etc.,-ou leurs produits de transformation, notamment les polyalcools, par exemple le diéthylèneglycol, les polyglycols, le dioxane, ou les dérivés d'alcools de ce genre qui ne sont pas des graisses, par exemple les éthers, ou les esters tels que l'é- thylglycol, le crésylglycol, les éthers polyglycoliques, en
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
présence d'agents dispersifs ou humidifiants, etc., tels que les sels d'acides carboniques supérieurs, les sels d'a- cides sulfoniques, les huiles pour rouge turc par exemple, les sels d'acides gras, l'oléate de triéthanolamine, les sels sodiques ou ammoniacaux des acides propyl- ou butyl- naphtalènesulfonique, etc. et, le cas échéant, d'autres produits additionnels.
Par le choix conforme des composants isolés ou par l'emploi de mélanges de corps de ce genre, de même que par addition d'autres substances, spécialement aussi d'eau ou de diluants tels que les alcools, les éthers, les esters, les sels, par exemple le lactate ou le benzoate de soude, le chlorure d'ammonium, le chlorure de calcium, le chlorure de magnésium, etc., ou de substances ayant une action alcaline, permettant en même temps d'empêcher une attaque du métal etc., par exemple la soude carbonatée, la potasse carbonatée, les phosphates alcalins, les hydroxydes alcalins, le borax., on peut obtenir des lubrifiants allant des graisses à consistance élevée jusqu'aux produits fluides, et par là même adapter parfaitement les lubrifiants au but qu'on se propose.
Pour la préparation, on peut partir aussi des émulsions d'huiles ou de graisses se trouvant déjà dans le commerce, telles que les huiles ou graisses pour perceuses et aléseuses. Les agents résistant au gel ainsi obtenus peu- vent être utilisés partout où les huiles ou les graisses étaient employées jusqu'à présent comme lubrifiants.
Etant donné leur très bonne stabilité au froid et leur viscosité relativement faible à des températures bien inférieures à 0 C., on peut remplacer les lubrifiants employés jusqu'à présent par ces agents avec un succès marqué partout où il peut se produire des dérangements par suite de congélation
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ou d'épaississement dûs aux basses températures, comme par exemple dans les installations de signaux de chemin de fer, etc.
/ dans les appareils de commande des aiguilles et des barrières, dans les aiguilles elles-mêmes, dans les poulies des fils de transmission aux appareils, dans les tiroirs à vapeur des locomotives, dans les axes, dans les paliers etc.,
On peut aussi employer ces agents résistant au froid comme liquides transmetteurs de la force dans les machines ou ap- pareils hydrauliques tels que les freins, presses,appareils de levage. De plus on peut éviter au moyen de ces produits la formation de couches isolantes par production de glace, de givre, etc., aux contacts électriques soumis aux influen- ces atmosphériques, par exemple dans les aiguilles électriques.
EXEMPLE 1.
On mélange dans un malaxeur approprié 85 parties de graisse pour perceuses, 13 parties d'éthylèneglycol, 2 par- ties d'eau et 0. 5 partie de soude carbonatée calcinée, jusqu'à formation d'une masse homogène. On peut employer le produit obtenu au lieu des graisses utilisées jusqu'à présent pour le graissage d'installation de signaux, de freins pneumatiques, d'aiguilles de chemin de fer etc., ainsi que pour enduire des contacts électriques,l'emploi de ce produit permettant d'assurer un fonctionnement sûr de ces appareillages, aussi à des températures basses.
EXEMPLE 2.
On mélange 10 parties d'éthylèneglycol, 2 parties d'eau, 0.03 partie de soude carbonatée calcinée et 88 parties de graisse pour perceuses en une masse homogène. Cette masse
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
est plus visqueuse que celle obtenue dans l'exemple 1; elle est spécialement indiquée pour le graissage d'aiguilles de changement de voie, de poulies des ,fils de transmission aux appareils etc.
Si au lieu d'éthylèneglycol, on emploie la même quantité de glycérine, on obtient un lubrifiant un peplus consistant.
On obtient des résultats analogues si on emploie les huiles au lieu des graisses pour perceuses.
EXEMPLE 3.
On fond ensemble 170 kg d'acides gras solides con- tenant 60 à 70% d'acides gras libres à côté de glycérides neutres 300 kg d'huile à broches et 89 kg de glycol à 50-60"C, puis on ajoute en mélangeant soigneusement la solution de 30 kg de potasse caustique dans 220 à 300 kg d'eau et on continue de mélanger jusqu'à ce qu'il se forme une émulsion homogène. On obtient, après refroidissement, un lubrifiant résistant au gel, dont la consistance reste pratiquement la même aussi aux basses températures, et qui empêche la prise par congéla- tion, en présence d'humidité, de parties mobiles, de même que la formation de givre.
Les quantités d'eau ajoutées dans ce mélange peuvent varier dans de larges limites.
On obtient des résultats analogues avec d'autres alcools polyvalents ou avec leurs produits de transformation ou leurs dérivés.
EXEMPLE 4.
Les mélanges dont la composition est indiquée à titre d'exemple dans le tableau ci-après sont également des lubri- fiants résistant bien au gel,: , ;
<Desc/Clms Page number 5>
-: - T A B L E A U -:-
EMI5.1
k)17..ad.
300 kg q'ànlle 180 lltres du éthyl% neglycol 1 40 lcg due au 1110 xg de lactate
EMI5.2
<tb> pour <SEP> broches <SEP> caustique <SEP> ,,'de <SEP> soude
<tb> )120 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'acides <SEP> gras <SEP> de <SEP> suif <SEP> 400 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'huile <SEP> 400 <SEP> " <SEP> 39" <SEP> de <SEP> potasse <SEP> 50 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'ean <SEP> 1/2 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> benzoate
<tb>
EMI5.3
3) 25 4 de sel sodique de pour broahee 20 de tormam1de ÉÉIÉÎÉÉà ' 1 250 kg dteau Î de soude 3 ) oide Xg de Sel de 1 minérale 80 Il de formamide Î 2µ0 kg a'eau tonique m1nérale de oraoy1glycol ton1que 15 kg de colle forte '* 1 1 5 lllµt±fli&fl 4) 120 kg d'ac1des gras de suit '1400 kg d'hu1le of 80 kg" àe àioxane 39- - - 1 30 Il
EMI5.4
<tb> 80 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'oléime <SEP> minérale <SEP> 39 <SEP> " <SEP> 30 <SEP> " <SEP> -
<tb> 5)
<SEP> 120 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'acides <SEP> gras <SEP> de <SEP> suif <SEP> 300 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'huile <SEP> 80 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'éther <SEP> monoéthylique <SEP> 39" <SEP> 100" <SEP> -
<tb> 80 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'oléine <SEP> minérale <SEP> de <SEP> l'éthylèneglycol
<tb>
EMI5.5
6)120kg-d'aeidesgraS-desuit 400 kg deliuile 'f60kgd'éthyleglYC01 1398 8 " 150" 50 kg d'oléate de tr1étbano- minérale 20 kg d'alcool propylique lam1ne 20IcgdeglyoérlDe
EMI5.6
<tb> 5 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'alcool <SEP> benzylique
<tb> 7) <SEP> 120 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'acide <SEP> stéarique <SEP> 1300 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> suint <SEP> 80 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> glycérine <SEP> 41 <SEP> " <SEP> " <SEP> " <SEP> 40 <SEP> "
<tb> 80 <SEP> kg <SEP> d'acide <SEP> oléique <SEP> 5 <SEP> " <SEP> de <SEP> soude <SEP>
<tb> carbonatée
<tb>
EMI5.7
8)
200 kg d'ac1des gras 1200 kg d'huUede 1 80 kg d'étbylèneglyool 139 kg de potasse 1150 Il d'huile d-arachide ricin miscible caustique lthuile minérale 200 kg d'haile
EMI5.8
<tb> minérale
<tb> 9) <SEP> 200 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> cire <SEP> de <SEP> montan <SEP> 200 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> vaseline <SEP> 200 <SEP> kg <SEP> " <SEP> 37 <SEP> kg <SEP> de <SEP> potasse <SEP> 150 <SEP> " <SEP> " <SEP> -
<tb>
EMI5.9
d'indice d'acide 149 200kgd.S:S caustique d'indice à'aaide 149 pour broches caustique Brevet ? 651869 du 29/3/28 1 pour broches :
Brevet 651869 29/3/28
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Leur préparation s'effectue généralement en fondant ensemble les acides gras, les graisses ou les huiles animales, végétales ou minérales, les alcools etc. à température appro- priée, par exemple vers 50 - 70" C., après quoi on ajoute en mélangeant bien les solutions aqueuses de l'alcali et des sels etc.,, et on continue de mélanger jusqu'à refroidissement de la masse. Le mélange ? 3 fait exception à cette méthode générale de préparation, en ce sens qu'il faut dissoudre ou mélanger en une émulsion homogène, tout d'abord à chaud, le sel de sodium de l'acide isopropyl-naphtalinesulfonique avec l'eau puis ajouter cette solution ou émulsion peu à peu au mélange de l'huile avec les autres substances.
Il faut tou- jours mesurer les quantités d'alcali de façon à ce que le lu- brifiant soit à réaction neutre, ou mieux encore alcaline.
Claims (1)
- -:- R E S U M E -:- ----------- L'invention a pour objet: 1) Un procédé de préparation de lubrifiants résistant au gel, consistant à mélanger des huiles ou des graisses d'o- rigine minérale, végétale ou animale avec des alcools polyva- lents ou leurs produits de transformation ou des dérivés d'al- cools de ce genre etc. en présence d'agents dispersifs ou hu- midifiants etc., et, le cas échéant, d'autres additions.2) L'emploi comme lubrifiants résistant au gel de mélanges contenant des huiles ou des graisses d'origine mi- nérale, végétale ou animale, puis des alcools polyvalents ou leurs produits de transformation ou des dérivés d'alcools de ce genre etc., puis des agents dispersifs ou humidifiants et le cas échéant encore d'autres additions, telles que l'eau, <Desc/Clms Page number 7> les diluants etc.3) Les lubrifiants tels qu'ils sont spécifiés sous 1).
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE364576A true BE364576A (fr) |
Family
ID=37025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE364576D BE364576A (fr) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE364576A (fr) |
-
0
- BE BE364576D patent/BE364576A/fr unknown
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