BE406201A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE406201A BE406201A BE406201DA BE406201A BE 406201 A BE406201 A BE 406201A BE 406201D A BE406201D A BE 406201DA BE 406201 A BE406201 A BE 406201A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- peat
- manufacturing
- fertilizer according
- treated
- Prior art date
Links
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010822 slaughterhouse waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 slush Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010868 animal carcass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019347 bone phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Procédé de fabrication d'engrais .
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de fabrication d'engrais organico-minéraux contenant notamment les composés humiques de la tourbe sous forme épandable et assimilable.
Suivant la présente invention, on prévoit de mettre en oeuvre d'une part, des déchets organiques tels que les gadoues, cadavres d'animaux, déchets d'animaux, os , sang, viande et autres déchets organiques analogues, et, d'autre part, de la tourbe.
Les dits déchets sont suivant l'invention traités par un alcali , de préférence par une lessive de potasse caustique, après quoi, le produit résultant est mélangé et brassé avec de la tourbe et le produit final est séché et broyé sous une forme épandable.
De cette manière, on obtient un engrais humique complet, riche en sels minéraux sous forme de composés humiques tels que des humates de chaux, potassium, magnésie, fer ou des complexes hume-phosphatés. Cet engrais est comparable à la matière noire d'un fumier bien fait et complet.
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
Il est complètement aseptisé et exempt de tous germes ou spores nuisibles.
Après séchage et broyage, il se présente sous une forme stable , facilement épandable à la main ou mécaniquement.
Dtautres détails et particularités de l'invention apparat- tront au cours de la description d'un exemple d'application de l'invention.
Les gadoues entrant à l'usine sont traitées de la manière habituelle pour être séchées et triées. Une partie de oelles-ci servant de combustible dans un foyer ad hoo, produit les oalories nécessaires au séchage désinfeoteur , ansi que la chaleur requise pour les divers traitements ultérieurs et pour la production de la force motrice. L'autre partie des gadoues est débarrassée des ferrailles,déchets de verre, caoutchnuc et au- 'très matières inertes, puis découpée et réduite en morceaux par différents moyens connus et propres aux divers composants.
Les dernières matières ainsi réduites forment la masse A.
Les cadavres d'animaux, déchets d'abattoir, sang, viande , os et autres déchets organiques sont triés, découpés, concassés, hachés et forment la masse B.
Dans un autoclave contenant une lessive de potasse concentrée, on introduit la masse A et la masse B et on laisse cuire sous haute pression à une température minimum, de 190 0. Sous l'effet de la lessive de potasse et de la haute pression, les matières organiques se désagrègent et se dissolvent. On obtient une masse pâteuse contenant une forte proportion d'acide phosphorique provenant de la décomposition, des phosphates de chaux des matières organiques. La quantité de potasse introduite au début de l'opération doit être suffisante pour que le produit résultant soit encore alcalin, condition indispensable pour la suite du traitement.
Il est évident qu'au lieu de soumettre les déchets de départ à deux traitements séparés, c'est-à-dire traiter d'une part les
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
gadoues et d'autre part les autres déchets , l'on peut également prévoir un seul traitement préliminaire pour toutes ces matières premières et les introduire ensuite en une seule charge dans le susdit autoclave.
La masse pâteuse obtenue après le traitement dans le susdit autoclave est introduite avec de la tourbe ,dans un autre autoclave.
On brasse intimement le mélange et on laisse cuire pendant environ 12 heures à une température minimum de 150 C et sous pression.
Pendant cette opération, l'hydrocellulose de la tourbe , qui s'oppose à toute dessication parfaite de celle-ci est détruite et transformée en dextrose et produits analogues.
Les carbonates présents tels que le carbonate de potassium réagissent avec l'acide humique de la tourbe pour former un humate de potasse et l'acide carbonique dégagé, libère une certaine quantité d'acide phosphorique en se combinant à la chaux des phosphates calciques présents.
On peut favoriser cette réaction par injection de CO2 dans l'autoclave.
L'acide phosphorique libéré se combine à l'humus de la tourbe et forme des sels complexes d'acides humiques et phosphoriques de métaux tels que le calcium, le potassium etc.....
D'autres sels sont également formées aux dépens du soufre, du fer et du magnésium présents.
On obtient ainsi un produit plus ou moins pâteux, contenant toutes les matières organiques et minérales des produits de départ, sous une forme assimilable, utile aux plantes.
On sèche ensuite cette masse pâteuse et on la soumet à un broyage de manière à obtenir un engrais épandable.
Au lieu de travailler avec deux autoclaves, on peut évidemment utiliser un seul autoclave servant alternativement aux deux traitements décrits,
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
Suivant une variante du procédé décrit, on plonge dans la masse, au cours de son traitement, un panier métallique ou un récipient analogue perforé,rempli d'os concassés.
On enlève le pannier, et les os sont traités de manière connue, par de l'acide sulfurique en vue de la production de phosphate calcique dit Il précipité d'os ". On ajoute ensuite ce phosphate à l'engrais , par exemple en l'additionnant à la tourbe avant l'introduction de celle-ci dans l'autoclave.
On peut également ajouter d'autres engrais organiques ou inorganiques à l'engrais obtenu par le procédé décrit.
Suivant une particularité de l'invention, le produit final obtenu près le second traitement en autoclave, ou masse pâteuse susdite, est, avant séchage, ensemencé de microbes fertilisants quelconques, comme par exemple des microbes fixateurs d'azote, microbes n@trificateurs etc..., après quoi la masse est maintenue un certain temps ' une température favorable au développement des microbes, pour finalement être séohée et broyée. On obtient ainsi un engrais complet.
Suivant une autre particularité de l'invention, .la masse obtenue à la fin du second traitement en autoclave est additionnée de levure et est maintenue dans des conditions de température favorables à la fermentation alcoolique , après quoi on extrait, par distillation, l'alcool formé et on sèche et on broie le résidu.
De cette manière, outre l'alcool, on obtient encore un excellent engrais n'ayant pratiquement perdu aucune de ses qualités, par comparaison avec un engrais obtenu suivant la présent procédé, sans fermentation alcoolique.
Il est évident que le procédé n'est pas limité à l'exemple de réalisation décrit et que bien des modifications peuvent y tre apportées sans pour cela sortir du cadre du présent brevet.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Fertilizer manufacturing process.
The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing organic-mineral fertilizers containing in particular the humic compounds of peat in spreadable and assimilable form.
According to the present invention, provision is made to use, on the one hand, organic waste such as sludge, animal corpses, animal waste, bones, blood, meat and other similar organic waste, and, on the other hand part, peat.
Said wastes are according to the invention treated with an alkali, preferably with a caustic potash lye, after which the resulting product is mixed and stirred with peat and the final product is dried and ground in a spreadable form.
In this way, a complete humic fertilizer is obtained, rich in mineral salts in the form of humic compounds such as humates of lime, potassium, magnesia, iron or hume-phosphate complexes. This fertilizer is comparable to the dark matter of a well-made and complete manure.
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
It is completely sanitized and free from any harmful germs or spores.
After drying and crushing, it is in a stable form, easily spreadable by hand or mechanically.
Other details and features of the invention will emerge during the description of an example of application of the invention.
The slush entering the factory is processed in the usual way to be dried and sorted. A part of these, serving as fuel in an ad hoo furnace, produces the calories necessary for the disinfector drying, as well as the heat required for the various subsequent treatments and for the production of the motive force. The other part of the slush is freed from scrap metal, waste glass, rubber and other inert materials, then cut and reduced into pieces by various means known and specific to the various components.
The last materials thus reduced form mass A.
Dead animals, slaughterhouse waste, blood, meat, bones and other organic waste are sorted, cut up, crushed, chopped and form mass B.
Mass A and mass B are introduced into an autoclave containing a concentrated potash lye and the mixture is left to cook under high pressure at a minimum temperature of 190 ° C. Under the effect of the potash lye and the high pressure, organic matter breaks down and dissolves. A pasty mass is obtained containing a high proportion of phosphoric acid resulting from the decomposition of the lime phosphates of organic materials. The quantity of potash introduced at the start of the operation must be sufficient so that the resulting product is still alkaline, an essential condition for the rest of the treatment.
It is obvious that instead of subjecting the initial waste to two separate treatments, that is to say treating on the one hand the
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
slush and on the other hand other waste, it is also possible to provide a single preliminary treatment for all these raw materials and then introduce them in a single charge into the aforesaid autoclave.
The pasty mass obtained after the treatment in the aforesaid autoclave is introduced with peat, into another autoclave.
The mixture is thoroughly stirred and allowed to cook for about 12 hours at a minimum temperature of 150 ° C. and under pressure.
During this operation, the hydrocellulose of the peat, which opposes any perfect drying of the latter, is destroyed and transformed into dextrose and the like.
The carbonates present such as potassium carbonate react with the humic acid of the peat to form a humate of potash and the carbonic acid given off, liberates a certain quantity of phosphoric acid by combining with the lime of the calcium phosphates present.
This reaction can be promoted by injecting CO2 into the autoclave.
The released phosphoric acid combines with the humus of the peat and forms complex salts of humic and phosphoric acids of metals such as calcium, potassium etc .....
Other salts are also formed at the expense of the sulfur, iron and magnesium present.
A more or less pasty product is thus obtained, containing all the organic and mineral materials of the starting products, in an assimilable form, useful for plants.
This pasty mass is then dried and subjected to grinding so as to obtain a spreadable fertilizer.
Instead of working with two autoclaves, one can obviously use a single autoclave serving alternately for the two treatments described,
<Desc / Clms Page number 4>
According to a variant of the method described, a metal basket or a similar perforated container filled with crushed bones is immersed in the mass, during its treatment.
The basket is removed, and the bones are treated in a known manner, with sulfuric acid for the production of calcium phosphate called II precipitated from bone. "This phosphate is then added to the fertilizer, for example in l 'adding to the peat before introducing it into the autoclave.
It is also possible to add other organic or inorganic fertilizers to the fertilizer obtained by the method described.
According to a particular feature of the invention, the final product obtained after the second treatment in an autoclave, or aforementioned pasty mass, is, before drying, inoculated with any fertilizing microbes, such as for example nitrogen fixing microbes, n @ trificient microbes, etc. ..., after which the mass is maintained for a certain time at a temperature favorable to the development of microbes, to finally be dried and crushed. This gives a complete fertilizer.
According to another particularity of the invention, the mass obtained at the end of the second autoclave treatment is added with yeast and is maintained under temperature conditions favorable to alcoholic fermentation, after which the alcohol is extracted by distillation. formed and the residue was dried and ground.
In this way, besides alcohol, an excellent fertilizer is obtained which has not lost practically any of its qualities, compared with a fertilizer obtained according to the present process, without alcoholic fermentation.
It is obvious that the process is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described and that many modifications can be made to it without departing from the scope of the present patent.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE406201A true BE406201A (en) |
Family
ID=71250
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE406201D BE406201A (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE406201A (en) |
-
0
- BE BE406201D patent/BE406201A/fr unknown
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