BE455778A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
BE455778A
BE455778A BE455778DA BE455778A BE 455778 A BE455778 A BE 455778A BE 455778D A BE455778D A BE 455778DA BE 455778 A BE455778 A BE 455778A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
emi
propeller
fusion
powder
spinning
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Publication date
Publication of BE455778A publication Critical patent/BE455778A/fr

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/362—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/685—Barrels or cylinders characterised by their inner surfaces, e.g. having grooves, projections or threads
    • B29C48/686—Barrels or cylinders characterised by their inner surfaces, e.g. having grooves, projections or threads having grooves or cavities
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

       

   <EMI ID=1.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=2.1> 

  
On a déjà proposé divers procèdes pour fabriquer les fibres à partir du bain de fusion, comme il est de coutume dans

  
la technique pour les polyamides.

  
Il est connu que lion refoule les masses fondues obtenues

  
 <EMI ID=3.1> 

  
ment du. réservoir de condensation, par des.tuyères, pour les .transformer ainsi en produits de' fils ou à surface. suivant un autre procédé connu, par contre, on forme tout d'abord du condensât fluide en état de'fusion, des tranches que l'on refond

  
ensuite dans.un dispositif spécial de filature par fusion sur

  
une grille de fusion et que l'on file ensuite., Il est connu'

  
aussi, enfin, que l*on forme à partir du produit de fusion de

  
condensation, tout d'abord un bâtonnet éventuellement calibré

  
 <EMI ID=4.1> 

  
dans un dispositif spécial'en prenant soin, à l'aide de dispo-

  
 <EMI ID=5.1> 

  
une vitesse correspondant à celle de la filature. , 

  
Tous ces procédés de fabrication de. fibres, de'films et

  
autres produits façonnés conviennent parfaitement pour les produits en morceaux, mais ils conviennent beaucoup moins pour le

  
moulage des polymères linéaires supérieurs que l'on prépare, 

  
 <EMI ID=6.1> 

  
ou par condensation d'esters chlorés des acides dioarboxyliques

  
avec des diamines, parce que d'ans ce cas, les condensats-définitifs ,ne se .trouvent souvent pas à l'état de masse fondue" ou de

  
morceaux, mais se forment à l'état de poudre fines. 

  
Le mode opératoire précité ne peut pas être appliqué à

  
oes polymères supérieurs pulvérulents sans que- l'on y fasse 

  
intervenir un processus de fusion spécial et c'est pourquoi,

  
 <EMI ID=7.1> 

  
condensais pulvérulents de l'espèce dans un dispositif à filer

  
 <EMI ID=8.1> 

  
' On a constaté cependant que la filature des poudres dans

  
ce dispositif présente des difficultés imprévues, étant donné,

  
notamment que des fractions qui ne sont pas fondues parviennent

  
jusque dans la chambre de la filière et provoquent ainsi de 

  
 <EMI ID=9.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=10.1> 

  
un processus de fusion supplémentaire, de façon aussi simple

  
que possible, en fibres, en fils, en soies, en.rubans, eto*.. 

  
 <EMI ID=11.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=12.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=13.1> 

  
simple que possible, sans passe opératoire intermédiaire.' 

  
Le procéda se caractérise par le fait que l'introduction

  
 <EMI ID=14.1> 

  
aide d'une hélice transporteuse dont la longueur, le pas, le volume transporté et le chauffage sont réglés de manière à mettre la matière que lton doit fondre sous pression et à empêcher en même temps, l'accès de l'air dans la chambre de fusion. Le procédé utilise pour sa réalisation un dispositif de filature dans lequel une hélice transporteuse à capacité décroissant dans le sens du transport imprime à la matière à transporter un mouvement de progression a partir dtun dispositif d'alimentation et la conduit,sous une pression constante;dans une chambre de fusion dans laquelle la matière est fondue'et est conduite,par l'effet de la pression produite par la matière que l'hélice fait suivre, à une pompe de filage ou directement à

  
 <EMI ID=15.1> 

  
Le mode opératoire est décrit ci-après et est illustré de façon simplifiée par la coupe ci-jointe.' 

  
On introduit la matière en poudre à l'extrémité supérieure d'une hélice (1) par une trémie d'alimentation (2) et cette matière est transportée en continu dans la chambre de fusion (3) par suite de la rotation de l'hélice. La longueur et le, pas. des spires de.l'hélice sont calculés de manière à imprimer à la

  
 <EMI ID=16.1> 

  
sion constamment croissante, ensuite de quoi l'air se trouvant entre les grains de la poudre est expulse et, :en même temps, la matière qui se trouve à l'extrémité inférieure de l'hélice fait joint pour empêcher l'accès de l'oxygène atmosphérique dans la chambre de fusion. En chauffant l'enveloppe de 1'hélice par un chauffage extérieur (4) on facilite la réalisation de cette action, parce qu'à température élevée il se produit'déjà un certain ramollissement qui permet le pétrissage de la masse avec des efforts relativement réduits. 

  
La fusion proprement dite de la matière qui doit être filée se fait dans la chambre de fusion (3) qui est maintenue aux températures nécessaires pour celle-ci, de façon connue, par de la vapeur dteau surchauffée qui arrive dans les canaux de chauffe (7) ou par du diphényle ou par un chauffage électri-

  
 <EMI ID=17.1> 

  
assurent la subdivision aussi large que possible du courant de la masse, favorisant notablement la fusion uniforme et oomplète.

  
A l'extrémité inférieure de la chambre de fusion se trouve la pompe de filage (5), figure 1, de construction.ordinaire, qui conduit la masse fondue régulièrement à la filière (6). L'utilisation d'une pompe spéciale n'est généralement nécessaire que pour la fabrication des fibres fines pour la fabrication des fils, des soies, des rubans et analogues, on,peut s'en passer, cf figure 2, car la pression que donne l'hélice transporteuse est suffisamment régulière et suffisante pour assurer l'expulsion hors de la filière....

  
Le procédé suivant l'invention permet de filer directement également les polymères supérieurs en poudre du type des polyuréthanes et des polyurées sans intercaler une passe de moulage intermédiaire. Le procédé présente Davantage que les divers appareils peuvent être beaucoup plus petits que dans le . cas, par exemple, où la fusion dé la poudre se fait dans un autoclave qui la fournit directement en état d'être filée. Un autre avantage du procédé est qu'il fonctionne en continu.. . Quand on a dit dans les passages qui précèdent que le <EMI ID=18.1> 

  
sat en poudre, ceci ne signifie toutefois pas que le dispositif convienne exclusivement pour les produits'de. oe genre; on fera,

  
 <EMI ID=19.1> 

  
traiter avec celui-ci également des produits de 'polymérisation

  
 <EMI ID=20.1>  <EMI ID=21.1>  diquement dans la chaîne, tels que. les polyamides, :. les polyuré-

  
 <EMI ID=22.1> 

  
fait que 1'introduction de la matière qui doit être fondue, dans

  
 <EMI ID=23.1> 

  
teuse dont la longueur, le pas et le chauffage sont choisis de manière à réaliser un joint contre la, pénétration de l'air dans

  
 <EMI ID=24.1> 



   <EMI ID = 1.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 2.1>

  
Various methods have already been proposed for making fibers from the molten bath, as is customary in

  
the technique for polyamides.

  
It is known that lion represses the molten masses obtained

  
 <EMI ID = 3.1>

  
ment of. condensation tank, by des.tuyères, to .transform them thus into products of 'son or surface. according to another known process, on the other hand, first of all fluid condensate in a state of fusion is formed, slices which are remelted

  
then in a special fusion spinning device on

  
a fusion grid and which is then spun., It is known '

  
also, finally, that we form from the fusion product of

  
condensation, first a stick possibly calibrated

  
 <EMI ID = 4.1>

  
in a special device, taking care, with the help of

  
 <EMI ID = 5.1>

  
a speed corresponding to that of the spinning. ,

  
All of these manufacturing processes. fibers, films and

  
other shaped products are well suited for lump products, but they are much less suitable for

  
molding of the higher linear polymers that are prepared,

  
 <EMI ID = 6.1>

  
or by condensation of chlorinated esters of dioarboxylic acids

  
with diamines, because in this case, the final condensates, are often not found in the state of molten mass "or of

  
lumps, but form as a fine powder.

  
The above procedure cannot be applied to

  
these higher polymers powder without having to

  
intervene a special fusion process and that is why,

  
 <EMI ID = 7.1>

  
powder condensates of the species in a spinning device

  
 <EMI ID = 8.1>

  
'It was found, however, that the spinning of the powders in

  
this device presents unforeseen difficulties, given,

  
especially that fractions which are not melted reach

  
into the die chamber and thus cause

  
 <EMI ID = 9.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 10.1>

  
an additional fusion process, just as easy

  
as possible, in fibers, yarns, silks, ribbons, eto * ..

  
 <EMI ID = 11.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 12.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 13.1>

  
as simple as possible, without an intermediate operating pass. '

  
The procedure is characterized by the fact that the introduction

  
 <EMI ID = 14.1>

  
using a conveyor propeller, the length, pitch, volume transported and heating of which are adjusted so as to put the material to be melted under pressure and at the same time prevent the access of air into the chamber fusion. The method uses for its realization a spinning device in which a conveyor propeller with decreasing capacity in the direction of transport imparts to the material to be transported a forward movement from a feed device and leads it, under constant pressure; a melting chamber in which the material is melted and is led, by the effect of the pressure produced by the material which the propeller is following, to a spinning pump or directly to

  
 <EMI ID = 15.1>

  
The procedure is described below and is illustrated in a simplified manner by the accompanying section.

  
The powdered material is introduced at the upper end of a propeller (1) through a feed hopper (2) and this material is continuously transported into the melting chamber (3) as a result of the rotation of the propeller. The length and the, no. turns of the helix are calculated so as to print at the

  
 <EMI ID = 16.1>

  
constantly increasing sion, then from which the air between the grains of the powder is expelled and, at the same time, the material which is at the lower end of the propeller is joined to prevent the access of the atmospheric oxygen in the melting chamber. By heating the casing of the propeller with an external heater (4), this action is facilitated, because at high temperature there is already a certain softening which allows the mass to be kneaded with relatively reduced efforts. .

  
The actual melting of the material to be spun takes place in the melting chamber (3) which is maintained at the temperatures necessary for it, in a known manner, by superheated steam which arrives in the heating channels ( 7) or by diphenyl or by electric heating

  
 <EMI ID = 17.1>

  
ensure the widest possible subdivision of the mass current, notably favoring uniform and complete fusion.

  
At the lower end of the melting chamber is the spinning pump (5), Figure 1, of ordinary construction, which leads the melt evenly to the die (6). The use of a special pump is generally only necessary for the manufacture of fine fibers for the manufacture of yarns, silks, ribbons and the like, one can do without it, see figure 2, because the pressure which gives the conveyor propeller is sufficiently regular and sufficient to ensure the expulsion out of the die ....

  
The process according to the invention also makes it possible to directly spin the higher polymers into powder of the type of polyurethanes and polyureas without inserting an intermediate molding pass. The method has the advantage that the various devices can be much smaller than in the. case, for example, where the melting of the powder takes place in an autoclave which supplies it directly in a state to be spun. Another advantage of the process is that it operates continuously ... When we said in the preceding passages that the <EMI ID = 18.1>

  
sat powder, this does not mean, however, that the device is suitable exclusively for products. oe kind; we will do,

  
 <EMI ID = 19.1>

  
to process therewith also products of polymerization

  
 <EMI ID = 20.1> <EMI ID = 21.1> only in the string, such as. polyamides,:. polyureas

  
 <EMI ID = 22.1>

  
causes the introduction of the material to be melted into

  
 <EMI ID = 23.1>

  
machine whose length, pitch and heating are chosen so as to produce a seal against the penetration of air into

  
 <EMI ID = 24.1>


    

Claims (1)

<EMI ID=25.1> <EMI ID = 25.1> <EMI ID=26.1> <EMI ID = 26.1> <EMI ID=27.1> <EMI ID = 27.1> transporteuse à pas qui va en diminuant (1). qui prélève-la mas- stepped conveyor which decreases (1). who takes it mass- <EMI ID=28.1> <EMI ID = 28.1> <EMI ID=29.1> <EMI ID = 29.1> lice qui suit, à une pompe de .filage ou directement un dispo- following string, to a threading pump or directly to a device <EMI ID=30.1> <EMI ID=31.1> <EMI ID = 30.1> <EMI ID = 31.1>
BE455778D 1943-05-14 BE455778A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK7058A DE926682C (en) 1943-05-14 1943-05-14 Method and device for melt spinning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BE455778A true BE455778A (en) 1900-01-01

Family

ID=6861944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BE455778D BE455778A (en) 1943-05-14

Country Status (4)

Country Link
BE (1) BE455778A (en)
DE (1) DE926682C (en)
FR (1) FR904649A (en)
NL (1) NL119272B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1167482B (en) * 1950-05-31 1964-04-09 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Melt spinning device for organic substances
DE1222200B (en) * 1957-03-28 1966-08-04 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Device for melt-spinning polyamides
DE1254283B (en) * 1958-02-21 1967-11-16 Alpine Ag Maschinenfabrik Melt-spinning device for the production of endless thread bundles
DE1285716B (en) * 1960-02-25 1968-12-19 Zalewski Wladyslaw Vertical melting device for plastics
DE3640962A1 (en) * 1986-11-29 1988-06-09 Barmag Barmer Maschf SPIDER CENTRIFUGE
DE3810782A1 (en) * 1988-03-30 1989-10-12 Bayer Ag Device for the uniform heating of spinning melts

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1156096A (en) * 1913-03-26 1915-10-12 Rubber Regenerating Co Apparatus for treating plastic material.
US2262989A (en) * 1938-03-26 1941-11-18 Eastman Kodak Co Method for forming thermoplastic sheeting
NL56648C (en) * 1940-01-16 1900-01-01
BE461923A (en) * 1940-08-02 1900-01-01

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL119272B (en) 1900-01-01
FR904649A (en) 1945-11-12
DE926682C (en) 1955-04-21

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