BG64217B1 - Използване на катализатори за получаване на пенополиуретан, метод за получаване и композиция - Google Patents
Използване на катализатори за получаване на пенополиуретан, метод за получаване и композиция Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BG64217B1 BG64217B1 BG103422A BG10342299A BG64217B1 BG 64217 B1 BG64217 B1 BG 64217B1 BG 103422 A BG103422 A BG 103422A BG 10342299 A BG10342299 A BG 10342299A BG 64217 B1 BG64217 B1 BG 64217B1
- Authority
- BG
- Bulgaria
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- water
- foam
- isocyanate
- acid
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COGFELMKDSTKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=P1C=CC=C1 Chemical class O=P1C=CC=C1 COGFELMKDSTKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100163890 Rattus norvegicus Ascl2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;carbonate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.NC(N)=N.OC(O)=O STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XHMWGEWUBYMZDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCCCC1 XHMWGEWUBYMZDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002526 disodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019262 disodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VQPKAMAVKYTPLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead;octanoic acid Chemical compound [Pb].CCCCCCCC(O)=O VQPKAMAVKYTPLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000771 poly (alkylcyanoacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000162 poly(ureaurethane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium salicylate Chemical compound [K+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960003629 potassium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011493 spray foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96203133 | 1996-11-08 | ||
| PCT/EP1997/005507 WO1998021254A1 (fr) | 1996-11-08 | 1997-10-07 | Procede de preparation de mousses rigides ou souples de polyurethane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BG103422A BG103422A (en) | 2000-01-31 |
| BG64217B1 true BG64217B1 (bg) | 2004-05-31 |
Family
ID=8224567
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BG103422A BG64217B1 (bg) | 1996-11-08 | 1999-05-20 | Използване на катализатори за получаване на пенополиуретан, метод за получаване и композиция |
Country Status (27)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6100311A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0937109B1 (fr) |
| JP (2) | JP4021939B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR100544935B1 (fr) |
| AR (3) | AR010278A1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE234334T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU731094B2 (fr) |
| BG (1) | BG64217B1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9712924A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2268178C (fr) |
| CO (1) | CO4870781A1 (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ298818B6 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69719779T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2194189T3 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HU223492B1 (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY123094A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO327485B1 (fr) |
| NZ (1) | NZ335217A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL192479B1 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT937109E (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2201941C2 (fr) |
| SI (1) | SI0937109T1 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR199900994T2 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW448194B (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA61089C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1998021254A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA979380B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA61089C2 (uk) * | 1996-11-08 | 2003-11-17 | Хантсмен Ай Сі Ай Кемікалз, Ллс | Спосіб одержання жорстких та еластичних пінополіуретанових матеріалів |
| GB0120200D0 (en) * | 2001-08-18 | 2001-10-10 | Beatty Simon P M | An acoustically absorbant foam with elastic properties |
| GB0307330D0 (en) * | 2003-03-29 | 2003-05-07 | Dow Corning Ltd | Improvements in and relating to composite materials and structures |
| DE502007000788D1 (de) * | 2006-01-27 | 2009-07-09 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von offenzelligen viskoelastischen polyurethan-weichschaumstoffen |
| KR100774634B1 (ko) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-11-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 장섬유 사출성형 공법용 발포 폼 조성물 |
| MX2010005069A (es) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-11-26 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de espumas blandas de poliuretano con emision reducida. |
| DE102009033710A1 (de) | 2009-07-18 | 2011-01-20 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Verwendung von Metallsalzen einer Carbonsäure bei der Herstellung von Polyurethansystemen |
| EP2461022A1 (fr) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | Basf Se | Mousse à noyau en polyuréthane pour la fabrication de pales, notamment pour éoliennes |
| PL2663584T3 (pl) * | 2011-01-13 | 2015-07-31 | Huntsman Int Llc | Sposób wytwarzania cząstek polimocznikowych |
| EP2503040A1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-26 | Autoneum Management AG | Garniture multicouches moulée |
| EP2502788B1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 | 2014-03-12 | Autoneum Management AG | Procédé de production pour revêtement multicouche moulé |
| JP6617269B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-02 | 2019-12-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 超音波振動子およびそれを用いた超音波流量計 |
| EP3196007A1 (fr) | 2016-01-21 | 2017-07-26 | Autoneum Management AG | Élément de garnissage moulé pour un véhicule |
| CN121046162A (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2025-12-02 | 弗门尼舍有限公司 | 制备微胶囊的方法 |
| US10233278B1 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-19 | Fxi, Inc. | Cesium and rubidium derivatives as catalysts for polyurethane foams |
| MY204154A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2024-08-09 | Huntsman Int Llc | Catalyst for pir/pur foam production |
| SG11202109011QA (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2021-09-29 | Greiner Aerospace Gmbh | Cushion for a plane seat, having antimicrobial effect |
| ES2988758T3 (es) * | 2019-10-08 | 2024-11-21 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Preparación de espuma rígida de poliuretano |
| KR102270004B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-06-29 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | 연질 폴리우레탄 조성물, 쿠션재용 연질 폴리우레탄 폼 및 이를 포함하는 차량용 시트 |
| WO2022137951A1 (fr) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Ensemble de feuilles pour mesure de pression, feuille pour mesure de pression, microcapsules, dispersion, procédé de production d'ensemble de feuilles pour mesure de pression, procédé de production de feuille pour mesure de pression |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4107069A (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1978-08-15 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Storage-stable precursors for rigid polyurethane foams |
| US4173691A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1979-11-06 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Catalyst composition for flexible polyurethane foams |
| DE2825569A1 (de) | 1978-06-10 | 1979-12-20 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von lichtbestaendigen polyurethan-integralschaumstoffen |
| GB2028348A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-03-05 | Incas Srl | Improved urethanic polymerisation by use of chelating agent is used as catalyst or cocatalysts |
| US4237235A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-12-02 | Rosalba Mazzucco | Urethanic polymerization by chelating agents acting as catalysts or cocatalysts |
| SU1647006A1 (ru) * | 1988-04-04 | 1991-05-07 | Научно-производственное объединение "Полимерсинтез" | Способ получени эластичного формованного пенополиуретана |
| EP0358282B1 (fr) * | 1989-11-08 | 1993-10-13 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Mousses souples de polyuréthane flexible, leur procédé de préparation et composition de polyol utilisable dans ce procédé |
| JP2517426B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-14 | 1996-07-24 | 大日精化工業株式会社 | ウレタンフォ―ムの製造方法 |
| DE4029081C1 (fr) * | 1990-09-13 | 1991-06-06 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen, De | |
| US5084486A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-01-28 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Reactive feed stream to replace inert blowing agent feed stream in a polyurethane foam process |
| DE4111098A1 (de) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-10-08 | Beiersdorf Ag | Hydrophile schaeume und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| US5324754A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-06-28 | Basf Corporation | Lithium-based salts in flexible foams |
| EP0622388B2 (fr) * | 1993-04-26 | 2001-04-11 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Procédé de préparation de mousse rigide de polyuréthanes à pores ouvertes |
| DE4318962A1 (de) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-15 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffen |
| US5489618A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1996-02-06 | Osi Specialties, Inc. | Process for preparing polyurethane foam |
| DE19502969A1 (de) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-01 | Elastogran Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffen |
| JP3060095B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 2000-07-04 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | ウレタン樹脂組成物、吸水材および吸放湿材 |
| UA61089C2 (uk) * | 1996-11-08 | 2003-11-17 | Хантсмен Ай Сі Ай Кемікалз, Ллс | Спосіб одержання жорстких та еластичних пінополіуретанових матеріалів |
-
1997
- 1997-07-10 UA UA99063117A patent/UA61089C2/uk unknown
- 1997-10-07 TR TR1999/00994T patent/TR199900994T2/xx unknown
- 1997-10-07 NZ NZ335217A patent/NZ335217A/xx unknown
- 1997-10-07 SI SI9730531T patent/SI0937109T1/xx unknown
- 1997-10-07 ES ES97912131T patent/ES2194189T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-07 JP JP52207898A patent/JP4021939B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-07 AU AU49445/97A patent/AU731094B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-07 PL PL333135A patent/PL192479B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-07 PT PT97912131T patent/PT937109E/pt unknown
- 1997-10-07 KR KR1019997004044A patent/KR100544935B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-07 WO PCT/EP1997/005507 patent/WO1998021254A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-07 HU HU9904117A patent/HU223492B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-07 RU RU99112130/04A patent/RU2201941C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-07 DE DE69719779T patent/DE69719779T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-07 EP EP97912131A patent/EP0937109B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-07 CZ CZ0163199A patent/CZ298818B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-07 BR BR9712924-0A patent/BR9712924A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-07 CA CA002268178A patent/CA2268178C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-07 AT AT97912131T patent/ATE234334T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-15 TW TW086115161A patent/TW448194B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-20 ZA ZA979380A patent/ZA979380B/xx unknown
- 1997-11-04 AR ARP970105131A patent/AR010278A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-04 US US08/963,753 patent/US6100311A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-06 MY MYPI97005261A patent/MY123094A/en unknown
- 1997-11-06 CO CO97065176A patent/CO4870781A1/es unknown
-
1999
- 1999-05-07 NO NO19992235A patent/NO327485B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-20 BG BG103422A patent/BG64217B1/bg unknown
-
2000
- 2000-02-25 US US09/513,823 patent/US6211258B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-09-26 AR ARP050103989A patent/AR051298A2/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-09-26 AR ARP050103990A patent/AR051299A2/es active IP Right Grant
-
2007
- 2007-02-05 JP JP2007025133A patent/JP4699398B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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