BR0211403A - Extrusor de parafuso duplo com parafusos convergentes não-paralelos e cÈnicos - Google Patents
Extrusor de parafuso duplo com parafusos convergentes não-paralelos e cÈnicosInfo
- Publication number
- BR0211403A BR0211403A BR0211403-8A BR0211403A BR0211403A BR 0211403 A BR0211403 A BR 0211403A BR 0211403 A BR0211403 A BR 0211403A BR 0211403 A BR0211403 A BR 0211403A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- screws
- flighting
- extruder
- shafts
- length
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/801—Valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
- A23P30/20—Extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
- B29B7/489—Screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
- B29C48/525—Conical screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/16—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/26—Permeable casings or strainers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/582—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/252—Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
"EXTRUSOR DE PARAFUSO DUPLO COM PARAFUSOS CONVERGENTES NãO-PARALELOS E CÈNICOS". A presente invenção refere-se a um dispositivo extrusor de parafuso duplo aperfeiçoado (14) que é capaz de produzir uma ampla variedade de extrudados de alta qualidade possuindo propriedades finais muito variáveis, sem a necessidade de máquina extensiva. O extrusor (14) inclui um cilindro (16) juntamente com um conjunto de parafuso(s) duplo(s) de corotação (22). O conjunto (22) é feito de um par de parafusos (50, 52) possuindo eixos centrais afunilados (54, 56) equipados com filetagem helicoidal de extensão externa (58, 60); os parafusos (50,52) são não-paralelos e são posicionados de forma que a filetagem (58,60) seja intercalada ao longo do comprimento dos parafusos (50, 52). A filetagem tem configuração especializada e se afunila ao longo do comprimento dos parafusos (50, 52) preferivelmente em um ângulo de afunilamento diferente daquele dos eixos (54, 56); ademais, a largura das superfícies da filetagem externas (70, 72) aumenta ao longo do comprimento dos eixos (54, 56). Essa geometria de parafuso define uma série de áreas de estreitamento de alta pressão e pouco espaço superior e inferior (78) definidas pela filetagem (58, 60) que serve para impulsionar um extrudável para a frente na direção da extremidade de saída (20) do cilindro (16). No entanto, as passagens (80) e as zonas de amassar (82) também são definidas entre os parafusos (50, 52), que garante a mistura, cisalhamento e cozimento totais do material. O dispositivo extrusor (14) é capaz de produzir alimentos aquáticos de imersão de alta densidade além de produtos expandidos e de baixa densidade meramente pela alteração da velocidade de rotação dos parafusos (50, 52) juntamente com o controle adequado da temperatura. Em outra modalidade, o extrusor para extração de fluido (138) é fornecido possuindo um cabeçote de extrusor especializado (140) incluindo um envoltório externo (144) e uma manga com fendas, alongada e interna (152).
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US91214401A | 2001-07-24 | 2001-07-24 | |
| US09/912,144 | 2001-07-24 | ||
| US10/068,181 | 2002-02-05 | ||
| US10/068,181 US6609819B2 (en) | 2001-07-24 | 2002-02-05 | Twin screw extruder with conical non-parallel converging screws |
| PCT/US2002/017224 WO2003009982A2 (en) | 2001-07-24 | 2002-05-31 | Two screw extruder with conical non/parallel converging screws |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR0211403A true BR0211403A (pt) | 2004-11-09 |
| BR0211403B1 BR0211403B1 (pt) | 2011-07-26 |
Family
ID=26748671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0211403-8A BR0211403B1 (pt) | 2001-07-24 | 2002-05-31 | conjunto de parafuso duplo de extrusço adequado para uso em um dispositivo extrusor de alimento. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US6609819B2 (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP1417083B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP3925726B2 (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100915248B1 (pt) |
| CN (2) | CN101152019B (pt) |
| AT (1) | ATE459464T1 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR0211403B1 (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2454182C (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE60235552D1 (pt) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04000619A (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2003009982A2 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (77)
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| CN1193754C (zh) * | 2000-03-21 | 2005-03-23 | 日本新药株式会社 | 释放控制型口服制剂 |
| DE10234228B4 (de) * | 2002-07-27 | 2008-05-15 | Kraussmaffei Berstorff Gmbh | Anfahrventil für einen Extruder, insbesondere einen Zweischneckenextruder |
| US20040074402A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2004-04-22 | Society For Research And Initiatives (Sristi) | Oil extractor and related methods |
| US20040224063A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-11 | Markham Joseph P. | Pet food treat and method of making same |
| US20040224053A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-11 | Markham Joseph P. | Habitat for caged animals and method of improving animal environment |
| US20040224065A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-11 | Markham Joseph P. | Pet food treat and method of making same |
| US7731998B2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2010-06-08 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Method for reducing protein exudate on meat product |
| US7857500B2 (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2010-12-28 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Apparatus for vacuum-less meat processing |
| US7871655B2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2011-01-18 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Method and apparatus for accelerating formation of functional meat mixtures |
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| US20050219939A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-10-06 | Mcneilus Truck And Manufacturing, Inc. | Concrete batching pre-mixer and method |
| NO323529B1 (no) * | 2004-05-13 | 2007-06-04 | Trouw Internat Bv | Framgangsmate for reduksjon av innholdet av uonskede naeringsstoffer i avlopsvann fra fiskeoppdrettsanlegg. |
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| RU2284914C1 (ru) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Воронежская государственная технологическая академия | Двухшнековый экструдер |
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| WO2007038503A2 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-05 | Co2Ld, Llc | Fluid injection for liquid extraction |
| GB0601353D0 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-03-01 | Mars Inc | Apparatus for manufacturing food |
| US7652087B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2010-01-26 | American Thermal Holdings Company | Protective coating |
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| JP2009199052A (ja) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-09-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子写真用トナー及びその製造法 |
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| JP5027717B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-08 | 2012-09-19 | 株式会社モリヤマ | 2軸押出機 |
| DE102008029304A1 (de) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-24 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Schneckenelementen |
| US20100062093A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-11 | Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing fully cooked extrudates with significantly reduced specific mechanical energy inputs |
| US20100116853A1 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-13 | Wightman James C | Apparatus for Dispensing Product |
| US8187651B2 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2012-05-29 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Method and apparatus for continuous processing of whole muscle meat products |
| US8641263B2 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2014-02-04 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Method and apparatus for continuous processing of whole muscle meat products |
| US8308342B2 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2012-11-13 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Processing elements for mixing meat products |
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-
2002
- 2002-02-05 US US10/068,181 patent/US6609819B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-31 MX MXPA04000619A patent/MXPA04000619A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-31 CA CA002454182A patent/CA2454182C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 JP JP2003515361A patent/JP3925726B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 DE DE60235552T patent/DE60235552D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 CN CN2007101849947A patent/CN101152019B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 AT AT02731996T patent/ATE459464T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-31 CN CNB028149300A patent/CN100463789C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 KR KR1020047000213A patent/KR100915248B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-31 EP EP02731996A patent/EP1417083B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-31 BR BRPI0211403-8A patent/BR0211403B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-31 WO PCT/US2002/017224 patent/WO2003009982A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-08-26 US US10/228,405 patent/US6688217B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-06-05 US US10/456,248 patent/US20030210605A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE459464T1 (de) | 2010-03-15 |
| EP1417083A2 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
| WO2003009982A2 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
| US6688217B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
| US6609819B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 |
| CA2454182C (en) | 2009-07-07 |
| KR20040027873A (ko) | 2004-04-01 |
| EP1417083B1 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
| US20030210605A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
| CA2454182A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
| MXPA04000619A (es) | 2004-06-25 |
| KR100915248B1 (ko) | 2009-09-03 |
| US20030116034A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| WO2003009982A3 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
| EP1417083A4 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
| DE60235552D1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
| BR0211403B1 (pt) | 2011-07-26 |
| CN101152019B (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
| JP3925726B2 (ja) | 2007-06-06 |
| CN101152019A (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
| CN1535199A (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
| CN100463789C (zh) | 2009-02-25 |
| JP2005506062A (ja) | 2005-03-03 |
| US20030112698A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
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