CA2105879C - Methode de preparation d'un latex de copolymere et utilisation - Google Patents

Methode de preparation d'un latex de copolymere et utilisation Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CA2105879C
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: monomer; weight; monomers; copolymer latex; carboxylic acid
Prior art date: 1992-01-10
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Lifetime

Application number

CA002105879A

Other languages

English (en)

Other versions

CA2105879A1 (fr

Inventor

Wataru Fujiwara

Junkoh Hyoda

Kenichi Yamazaki

Noriko Kitamura

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Nippon A&L Inc

Original Assignee

Nippon A&L Inc

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1992-01-10

Filing date

1992-12-21

Publication date

2006-05-23

1992-01-10 Priority claimed from JP2195592A external-priority patent/JP2961207B2/ja

1992-01-27 Priority claimed from JP4037059A external-priority patent/JP2844031B2/ja

1992-02-03 Priority claimed from JP4047999A external-priority patent/JP2789401B2/ja

1992-06-18 Priority claimed from JP18605492A external-priority patent/JP2961208B2/ja

1992-06-30 Priority claimed from JP19784992A external-priority patent/JP2879122B2/ja

1992-12-21 Application filed by Nippon A&L Inc filed Critical Nippon A&L Inc

1992-12-21 Priority claimed from PCT/JP1992/001670 external-priority patent/WO1993014131A1/fr

1993-07-11 Publication of CA2105879A1 publication Critical patent/CA2105879A1/fr

2006-05-23 Application granted granted Critical

2006-05-23 Publication of CA2105879C publication Critical patent/CA2105879C/fr

2012-12-21 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 38
239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 25
125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 15
CTMHWPIWNRWQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclohexene Chemical compound CC1=CCCCC1 CTMHWPIWNRWQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
FSWCCQWDVGZMRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexene Chemical compound CC1CCC=CC1 FSWCCQWDVGZMRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 12
125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptene Chemical compound C1CCC=CCC1 ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 59
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 28
VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 23
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 22
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230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 15
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229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 13
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 12
235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 12
239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 11
235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 11
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 10
238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 10
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 7
239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 6
239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 6
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 4
235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
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229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 3
239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
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239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
BYLSIPUARIZAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(O)C(C(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 BYLSIPUARIZAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
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LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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QIDUHGHFWAMMPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diphenylethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QIDUHGHFWAMMPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OFZRVBWQHLUKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-phenylmethoxybenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 OFZRVBWQHLUKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1

Landscapes

Paper (AREA)
Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

CA002105879A 1992-01-10 1992-12-21 Methode de preparation d'un latex de copolymere et utilisation Expired - Lifetime CA2105879C (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (11)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
JP21955/1992		1992-01-10
JP2195592A JP2961207B2 (ja)	1991-09-27	1992-01-10	共重合体ラテックスの製造方法
JP4037059A JP2844031B2 (ja)	1992-01-27	1992-01-27	グラビア印刷用紙塗被組成物
JP37059/1992		1992-01-27
JP47999/1992		1992-02-03
JP4047999A JP2789401B2 (ja)	1992-02-03	1992-02-03	感圧複写紙用顕色剤組成物
JP18605492A JP2961208B2 (ja)	1992-06-18	1992-06-18	共重合体ラテックスの製造方法
JP186054/1992		1992-06-18
JP19784992A JP2879122B2 (ja)	1992-06-30	1992-06-30	共重合体ラテックスの製造方法
JP197849/1992		1992-06-30
PCT/JP1992/001670 WO1993014131A1 (fr)	1992-01-10	1992-12-21	Procede pour la production de latex copolymere et utilisation de ce latex

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA2105879A1 CA2105879A1 (fr)	1993-07-11
CA2105879C true CA2105879C (fr)	2006-05-23

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CA002105879A Expired - Lifetime CA2105879C (fr)	1992-01-10	1992-12-21	Methode de preparation d'un latex de copolymere et utilisation

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CA (1)	CA2105879C (fr)

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CN113736143A (zh) *	2020-05-27	2021-12-03	天津科技大学	橡胶去味剂及其制备方法

1992
- 1992-12-21 CA CA002105879A patent/CA2105879C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

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Publication	Publication Date	Title
US5648420A (en)	1997-07-15	Process of preparing copolymer latex and use thereof
US5087603A (en)	1992-02-11	Heat-sensitive recording paper having an overcoat layer formed from an aqueous crosslinkable resin dispersion
AU663748B2 (en)	1995-10-19	Process for producing copolymer latex and use thereof
EP0019716B2 (fr)	1990-04-04	Dispersions polymères aqueuses et compositions pour revêtir du papier
US4478974A (en)	1984-10-23	Heterogeneous polymer latex of relatively hard and relatively soft interpolymers of a monovinylidene aromatic monomer and an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer
EP0040419B1 (fr)	1985-07-31	Latex de polymère hétérogène à base d'interpolymères relativement durs et mous comprenant un monomère monovinylidène aromatique et un monomère diène aliphatique conjugué et compositions de revêtement pour le papier contenant ces latex
EP0331143B1 (fr)	1993-12-22	Composition pour enduire et papier ainsi enduit par moulage
JPH0340725B2 (fr)	1991-06-19
JPH042719B2 (fr)	1992-01-20
US4278583A (en)	1981-07-14	Paper coating composition
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US5849833A (en)	1998-12-15	Method for improving drying speed in printing process and fast dry printing ink used therein
GB2101615A (en)	1983-01-19	Hard shell soft core latex
CA2105879C (fr)	2006-05-23	Methode de preparation d'un latex de copolymere et utilisation
JP3502791B2 (ja)	2004-03-02	オフセット印刷用紙被覆用共重合体ラテックスおよび該ラテックスを含有するオフセット印刷用紙被覆用組成物
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