CH112688A

CH112688A - Installation of electric lighting with accumulator battery and dynamo.

Info

Publication number: CH112688A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Antonin Junek
Original assignee: Antonin Junek
Priority date: 1923-05-30
Filing date: 1924-05-28
Publication date: 1926-01-02

Description

Installation d'eclairage electrique avec Batterie d'accumulateurs et dynamo. Dans les installations d'eclairage electrique avec Batterie d'accumulateurs et dynamo qui sont reglees ä, une tension constante par un i#egulateur antomatique, i1 est necessaire lors- que la Batterie doit etre chargee suffisamment pour eviter la sulfatation des electrodes, que la tension finale par elernent des accumula- teurs arr plomb seit maintenue ä 2,5 jusqu'ä, 2,6 volts. Comme la tension de decharge de la Batterie s'eleve ä environ 2 volts par eM- rnent, il se produit une difference notable de tension aux Bornes des lampes Pendant leer alimentation par la Batterie seule ou lorsque la Batterie travaille en parallele avec la dy- namo et que les lampes sont alimentees en meme ternps par la dynamo. Lorsque les lampes sont prevrres pour la tension plus elevee (2,5 a 2,6 volts par eldment) cousi- deree ici, la tension, lorsque les lampes sont alimentees seulement par la Batterie, est de 2 volts par element seulement, ce qui est relativement bas et entraine (in mauvais rendement, car une plus grande consomnra- tion en Watts par bougie normale est neces- saire. Ce cas se presente precisement au rno- ment oü 1e courant est pris ä la Batterie et qu'il faut menager ce courant. Si an voulait prevoir le.s lampes pour une tension plus faible ou moyenne, elles seraient surchargees lorsqu'on atteint la tension finale, c'est-ä-dire qu'elles seraient souvent deteriorees par Suite du brülage du filament. 0n voit, d'apres cela, que la tension des lampes doit eire cons- tante 1e plus possible ou varier tres peu; ce qui evite 1e brülage du filament et permet d'obtenir 1e rendement maximum de tonte 1'installation. Electric lighting installation with accumulator battery and dynamo. In electric lighting installations with accumulator battery and dynamo which are regulated at a constant voltage by an automatic regulator, it is necessary when the battery must be sufficiently charged to avoid sulphation of the electrodes, that the Final voltage by means of the lead-acid batteries is maintained at 2.5 to 2.6 volts. Since the Battery discharge voltage is approximately 2 volts per cycle, there is a noticeable difference in voltage across the lamp terminals during battery power alone or when the battery is working in parallel with the dyno. namo and that the lamps are supplied at the same time by the dynamo. When the lamps are supplied for the higher voltage (2.5 to 2.6 volts per cell) considered here, the voltage when the lamps are powered only by the Battery is only 2 volts per cell, which is relatively low and results in poor efficiency, because a greater consumption in Watts per normal candle is necessary. If one wanted to provide the lamps for a lower or medium voltage, they would be overloaded when reaching the final voltage, ie they would often be damaged as a result of the burning of the filament. It can be seen from this that the voltage of the lamps must be as constant as possible or vary very little, which avoids the burning of the filament and makes it possible to obtain the maximum yield from the shearing of the installation.

La presente invention doit realiser ce but et obvier aux susdits inconvenients. L'installation d'eclairage electrique sui vant 1'invention comporte une resistance de reglage disposee dans 1e circuit des lampes, un interrupteur automatique comportant deux paires de contacts etant prevu, 1'uue des deux paires de contacts servant a c;tablir la connexion de la dynamo avec 1ä Batterie et Pautre paire de contacts servant ä, intercaler ou ä court-cirouiter la resistance de reglage suivant que la dynamo doit travailler simul- The present invention must achieve this object and obviate the aforementioned drawbacks. The electrical lighting installation according to the invention comprises an adjustment resistor arranged in the first circuit of the lamps, an automatic switch comprising two pairs of contacts being provided, the use of the two pairs of contacts serving to establish the connection of the dynamo with the battery and the other pair of contacts serving to, intercalate or short-circuit the adjustment resistor depending on whether the dynamo must work simultaneously.

taneinent avec la Batterie ou que la premiere est arretee, Je circuit des lampes etant seule rnent aliinente par la Batterie. taninent with the Battery or that the first is stopped, the circuit of the lamps being only rnent aliinente by the Battery.

L7n scheina dune forme d'exerution de l'iristallation, objet de 1'inventiori, est repre sente, ä, titre d'exemple, au dessin arinexe. The diagram of a form of execution of the installation, object of the invention, is represented, by way of example, in the attached drawing.

Sur 1e dessin, D desigrre une dynamo shunt dont la tension est reglee par 1e regu lateur r,epreserite schematiqueinent err R. La dynamo est reliee en parallele avec la Bat terie B par 1e commutateur automatique A dont un enrotilement a.i (1'enroulement shunt) est corinecte ä la tension de la machirre et 1e seeond enroulement a2 (1'etirotilemeiit Serie) est parcourti par 1'intensite de la inachirie. On the drawing, D designates a shunt dynamo whose voltage is regulated by the regulator r, schematically err R. The dynamo is connected in parallel with the battery B by the automatic switch A, of which a coil a.i (the shunt winding) is corinect to the tension of the jaw and the second winding a2 (the stretching Serie) is traversed by the intensity of the muscle.

Le commutateur automatique possede deux paires de contacts, lorsque 1'interrupteur I' est ferme, 1e courant de la Batterie B passe de celle-ei aux lampes directernent par les contacts @ü et Zig. Lorsque la dynamo coin nienee d travailler, 1'electro-aimarit du com mutateur automatique est excite et ferine les cotitacts 15's et K.i et ouvre les contacts Ki et IC. Par la fermeture des contacts Ki, et K4, la dynamo est mise en parallele avec la Batterie, et par 1'ouverture des contacts Ki, K22, la resistance P est interealee Jans 1e circuit des lampes; la grandeur de cette resistance est teile que, pour la terisioti aux Bornes de la dynamo qui est mise en paral lele avec la Batterie, la tension aux Bornes des lampes L ne depasse pas la limite ad missible. Lorsque la dynamo est de nouveau arretee, les contacts Ks et Ii4 se separerit par suite de la desexcitation de 1'eriroulement rr-; les contacts Eil et K se ferinent et court-eirctiitent la resistance P. 0n obtient ainsi aux lampes la meine tension qu% la Batterie. The automatic switch has two pairs of contacts, when switch I' is closed, current from Battery B flows from Battery B to the lamps directly through contacts @ü and Zig. When the coin dynamo begins to work, the electro-magnet of the automatic commutator is energized and closes the contacts 15's and K.i and opens the contacts Ki and IC. By closing the contacts Ki , and K4, the dynamo is placed in parallel with the battery, and by the opening of the contacts Ki, K22, the resistor P is interealed in the first circuit of the lamps; the size of this resistance is such that, for the voltage at the terminals of the dynamo which is placed in parallel with the battery, the voltage at the terminals of the lamps L does not exceed the admissible limit. When the dynamo is again stopped, the contacts Ks and Ii4 separate as a result of the de-excitation of the rolling-up rr-; the contacts Eil and K close and short-erect the resistor P. This gives the lamps the same voltage as the battery.

Lorsque la Batterie d'accumulateurs B-n'est pas completeinent ehargee, la tension de la dynamo D est reglee par 1e regulateur R ä une valeur teile que la Batterie B est chargee par un courant normal. Lorsque les lampes L sont allumees en meme temps, la dy naino dort fournir dti courant ä la Batterie en plus des lampes, c'est-ä-dire quelle dort donner une puissance presque double, de Sorte quelle When the Accumulator Battery B is not completely charged, the voltage of the dynamo D is regulated by the regulator R to a value such that the Battery B is charged by a normal current. When the L lamps are on at the same time, the dynaino sleeps supplying current to the Battery in addition to the lamps, i.e. it sleeps almost double the power, so that it

serait fortenient surchargee. Pour eviter cela, la dynamo devi-ait etre choisie pour une puis sance beaucoup plus elevee que celle n6ces saire. Pour obvier 't cet inconvenient, Jans 1e cas oit la dynanio Charge la Batterie et fourriit aussi en mime temps du courant aux lampes, la terision de la cly namo D reglee par 1e regulateur automatique A est mairite nue a une valeur cliii permette it la. dvnanio de fournir 1e courarit des lampes pour la valeur totale et de charger la Batterie, mais avec trne intensite inoindre, ce qui permet de conserver sensiblemerit la Charge normale de la dynanio. would be heavily overloaded. To avoid this, the dynamo had to be chosen for a much higher power than that required. To obviate this inconvenience, in the first case where the dynamio Charges the Battery and also supplies current to the lamps at the same time, the termination of the cly namo D regulated by the 1st automatic regulator A is usually naked at a value cliii allows it the . dvnanio to supply the current of the lamps for the total value and to charge the Battery, but with very less intensity, which makes it possible to preserve appreciably the normal load of the dynamio.

La bobitie ina7netiqtie du regulateur R possede dein enrouletnerits. L'enroulernent principal 7, est relie a la tension de la dy tiamo D et lorsque 1e courant 1e parcourt, 1e regulateur regle la tension ir. 2.5 jtisqu'it 2,6 volts par element, c'est-.t,-dire la tension riecessaii#e ä la Charge complete de la Batte rie. Lorsque 1'interrupteur Z' est ferine, c'est h.-dire que ]es lampes sont intercalees, 1e courant parcourt 1'enrotilement auxiliaire A qui est relie et la tension du reseau. The ina7netiqtie bobitie of the regulator R has dein rouletnerits. The main winding 7 is connected to the voltage of the tiamo D and when the first current flows through it, the first regulator regulates the voltage ir. 2.5 equals 2.6 volts per cell, ie the voltage required to fully charge the battery. When the switch Z' is closed, that is to say that the lamps are intercalated, the current flows through the auxiliary winding A which is connected and the mains voltage.

A 1'effet niagrietique de 1'enrouleinerit A, il faut ajouter 1'effet niagnetique de 1'enroule ment Via, ce qui a pour conAquence que 1e i#egulateni# regle 1e courant a urie tension moindre, par exeniple 2,2.5 it 2,30 volts par element. Pour cette tension, la dynanio ali mente les lampes du courant total et Charge la Batterie d'un courant inniudre, de Sorte qu'mie sureharge de la inachine ne peut pas avoir lieu. To the niagrietic effect of the winding A, we must add the niagnetic effect of the winding Via, which has the consequence that the i#egulateni# regulates the current at a lower voltage, for example 2.2.5 it 2.30 volts per cell. For this voltage, the dynamio supplies the lamps with the full current and charges the battery with an inniuder current, so that no overcharging of the machine can take place.

Par 1'utilisation de 1'installation decrite, an obtient tin li,on fonctionriement de la ligne d'eclairage. Dans la journee, la dynamo regle a une tension plus elevee, c'est-i't-dire it la tension necessaire it la Charge de 1a Batterie pour eviter la sulfatation des electrodes, soit 2,5 it 2,6 volts par elements d'accumulateui#s au plomb. Loisque les lampes sont allumees, la tension de la dynamo est niaintenue plus basse par 1e regulateur, soit 2,25 i't 2,30 volts par element. Mais meme cette variation est ericore plus reduite par 1'intercalation de la resistance de lampes P, de Sorte que la ten- sion aux lampes L est presque constante pour toutes les vitesses de la dynamo. Le prin- cipal avantage de 1'installation est que tous les resultats indiques sont obtenus saus ap- pareillage nouveau, c'est-ä-dire -ans compli- quer 1'installation, ni la rendre plus coi'iteuse. By using the installation described, an operation of the lighting line is obtained. During the day, the dynamo is set to a higher voltage, i.e. to the voltage necessary to charge the Battery to avoid sulphation of the electrodes, i.e. 2.5 to 2.6 volts per element lead-acid batteries. When the lamps are on, the dynamo voltage is kept lower by the regulator, i.e. 2.25 i't 2.30 volts per element. But even this variation is further reduced by the intercalation of the P lamp resistor, so that the voltage at the L lamps is almost constant for all speeds of the dynamo. The main advantage of the installation is that all the results indicated are obtained without new apparatus, that is to say, without complicating the installation, nor making it more expensive.

Claims

CLAIM Electrical lighting installation with accumulator battery and dynamo whose voltage is regulated by an automatic regulator, characterized in that an adjustment resistor is arranged in the lamp circuit, and that an automatic switch comprising two pairs of contacts is provided, one of the two pairs of contacts serving to establish the connection of the dynamo with the Battery and the other pair of contacts serving to insert or to short-circuit the resistance of adjustment according to that the dynamo must work simultaneously with the battery or that the first one is stopped, the circuit of the lamps being only fed by the battery. SUB-CLAIM Electric lighting installation according to claim, in which the voltage of the dynamo is regulated by the automatic regulator to the final voltage necessary for charging the Battery, that is to say about 2. 5 < t 2.6 volts per cell, characterized in that the electromagnet of the automatic regulator is run from a main winding brauch;; on the voltage of the dynamo and an auxiliary winding connected to the voltage of the lamp circuit adopts the magnetic effect is added to that of the first winding, with a view to lowering, during the intercalation of the lamp circuit, the voltage at the terminals of the dynamo, in order to avoid overloading it.