CH147908A

CH147908A - Explosion turbine.

Info

Publication number: CH147908A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Buchwalder Henri; Duperrier Honore
Original assignee: Buchwalder Henri; Duperrier Honore
Priority date: 1929-12-27
Filing date: 1929-12-27
Publication date: 1931-06-30

Description

Turbine ä egplosions. La prdsente invention se rapporte ä une turbine ä explosions. Cette turbine est carac- tdrisöe par un rotor, dann lequel sont dispo- s6es les chambres d'explosion, et par un stator, muni de cavites formant des auges, daris lesquelles debouchent les gaz sortant du rotor. Explosion turbine. The present invention relates to an explosion turbine. This turbine is characterized by a rotor, in which the explosion chambers are arranged, and by a stator, provided with cavities forming troughs, through which the gases leaving the rotor emerge.

Le dessin ei-annexd reprdsente, ä titre d'exemple et schematiquement, une forme d'execution de 1'objet de Finvention. The attached drawing represents, by way of example and schematically, one embodiment of the object of the invention.

La fig. 1. montre la turbine en eldvation, une Partie en coupe; La fig. 2 est wie coupe par II-II de la fig. 1; les fig. 3 ä 5 sont des coupes par tielles par III-IH de la fig. 2 montran_t, ä une plus Brande echelle, des Parties en dif ferentes positions de fonctionnement; la fig. 6 est une variante d'un detail; la fig. 7 est une variante d'un autre ddtail. fig. 1. shows the turbine in eldvation, part in section; fig. 2 is sectioned through II-II of FIG. 1; the figs. 3 to 5 are partial sections through III-IH of FIG. 2 showing, on a larger scale, Parts in different operating positions; fig. 6 is a variant of a detail; fig. 7 is a variant of another detail.

La turbine reprdsentde aux fig. 1 ä 5 comporte rin stator 1 et un rotor 2, monte sur l'arbre 3 qui est supporte par 1e palier 4, Iequel est fixe au stator. Ce dernier a la forme d'un disque pourvu, sur l'une de ses faces, dune couronne pdripherique 5, laquelle presente, sur sa face interieure, des auges 6 creusees dans la couronne. Dans cette cou- ronne est disposee, en outre, uni canal pour la circulation d'un fluide de refroidis- sement entrant par 1e tuyau 8 et sortant par 1e tuyau 9. The turbine represented in FIGS. 1 to 5 comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2, mounted on the shaft 3 which is supported by the first bearing 4, which is fixed to the stator. The latter has the shape of a disc provided, on one of its faces, with a peripheral crown 5, which has, on its inner face, troughs 6 hollowed out in the crown. In this crown is also arranged a channel for the circulation of a cooling fluid entering through the pipe 8 and leaving through the pipe 9.

Le rotor 2 a egalement la forme d'un disque pourvu dune couronne peripherique 10. Cette couronne prdsente, dans 1'exerrrple ddcrit, deux cavitds 11, 12, en forme de segments annulaires et concentriques ä Faxe du rotor et corrstituant les chambres de combustion. 13 est 1e canal d'aspiration du melange combustible, ce canal se partageant en deux branches 14 et 15, faisant corps avec le rotor 2 et amenant les gaz dans les chambres de combustion 11 et 12. L'entrde des gaz Jans ces chambres est commandee par des robinets 16 et 17. 18 sont des bou- gies d'allumage qui regoivent 1e courant dlectrique par un contact 19 montd sur un anneau 20, solidaire du stator et reli6 par 1e fil 21 ä une source d'61ectricit6. Le canal 22 dirige leg gaz brüles vers les cavit6s 6 du stator. La sortie des gaz est commarrd6e par des robinets 23 et 24. Les gaz regus daus leg cavites 6 peuvent s@6chapper par leg ouvertures laterales 25. Une des parois laterales de la couronne 10 du rotor est pourvue de d6flecteurs 26, dont 1e nornbre correspond ä celui des" chambres d'explosion. Ces d6flecteurs Font saillie sur la paroi lat6- rale du rotor et limitent, par rette paroi, un espace 27 en forme de hotte renversde qui est en communication, par 1e canal 28, avec la chambre d'explosion correspondante. Ce canal 28 est 6galement command6 par leg robinets 23 et 24 qui sont disposds de maniere ä- occuper trois positions differentes montr6es dang leg fig. 3 ä 5. The rotor 2 also has the shape of a disk provided with a peripheral crown 10. This crown presents, in the example described, two cavities 11, 12, in the form of annular segments and concentric with the base of the rotor and forming the combustion chambers. . 13 is the first suction channel for the combustible mixture, this channel being divided into two branches 14 and 15, forming one body with the rotor 2 and bringing the gases into the combustion chambers 11 and 12. The entry of the gases into these chambers is controlled by taps 16 and 17. 18 are spark plugs which receive the electric current through a contact 19 mounted on a ring 20, integral with the stator and connected by the wire 21 to a source of electricity. The channel 22 directs the burnt gases to the cavities 6 of the stator. The gas outlet is controlled by valves 23 and 24. The gases received in the cavities 6 can escape through the side openings 25. One of the side walls of the rotor crown 10 is provided with deflectors 26, the first number of which corresponds to that of the explosion chambers. These deflectors protrude from the side wall of the rotor and limit, by this wall, a space 27 in the form of an inverted hood which is in communication, via the channel 28, with the combustion chamber. This channel 28 is also controlled by valves 23 and 24 which are arranged so as to occupy three different positions shown in Fig. 3 to 5.

Le fonctionnement de la turbine reprd- sent6e est 1e suivant: Supposons que 1e rotor tourne et que 1e robinet 17 soit ouvert; alors 1e melange com- bustible lequel, avant d'entrer dann 1e tuyau d'aspiration 13, peut etre pr6comprim6 ou non, est pouss6 par 1'effet de la force centri- fuge ä travers 1e tuyau 15 et s'accumule dann la chambre 12, .1e robinet 24 etant Jans la position montrde par la fig. 5, c'est-ä-dire fermant leg deux passages 28 et 22. Quand la bougie 18 passe devant un contact 19, ce qui se produit un instant apr6s que 1e robinet 17 se ferme, une ötin- celle d'allumage jaillira et 1'explosion des gaz Jans la chambre 12 se produit. The operation of the turbine shown is as follows: Suppose the rotor is rotating and valve 17 is open; then the combustible mixture which, before entering the suction pipe 13, may or may not be precompressed, is pushed by the effect of the centrifugal force through the pipe 15 and accumulates in the chamber. 12, .1e tap 24 being Jans the position shown in FIG. 5, i.e., closing two passages 28 and 22. the gas explosion in chamber 12 occurs.

Imm6diatement apr@s 1'explosion, le robi- rret 24 est conduit ä la position montrde par la fig. 4 oü la communication entre la cham- bre d'explosion et 1e passage 22 est 6tablie. La r6actiorr des gaz enflammes fait tourner 1e rotor. Immediately after the explosion, valve 24 is driven to the position shown in FIG. 4 where the communication between the explosion chamber and the passage 22 is established. The reaction of the ignited gases spins the rotor.

En se rapportant maintenaut ä la fig. 3, an congoit que 1e d6flecteur 26, quand 1e rotor tourne dang 1e seng de la fleche f, produit une ddviation de Pair qui entoure 1e rotor, ce qui engendre un vide Jans 1'irrt6- rieur de 1'espace 27, lequel Sera d'autarrt plus grand que la vitesse de rotation Sera plus 61evee. Ce vide est utilis6 pour produire 1e balayage des chambres ä combustion. A un moment d6terminö apres 1'explosion, 1e robinet 24 occupe la position montr6e par la fig. 3. Alors 1e vide äspire leg rösidus des gaz brdl6s qui se trouvent encore dann la charnbre 12. L'aspiration faite, 1e robinet 24 est ramen6 ä la position montrde en fig. 5, oix il ferme leg deux passages 22 et 28, et 1e robinet 17 s'ouvre. Les gaz frais, qui RTI ID="0002.0275" WI="7" HE="4" LX="1835" LY="583"> sont 46js, accumu16s Jans la. conduite 15 par 1'ef- fet de la force centrifuge, sont alors preci- pit6s Jans la chambre 12 dann laquelle, du fait de son balayage, existe ä ce moment un leger vide. La chambre etant remplie, une nouvelle explosion peut avoir lieu. Referring now to FIG. 3, it is understood that the deflector 26, when the rotor turns in the direction of the arrow f, produces a deflection of air which surrounds the rotor, which creates a vacuum inside the space 27, which will be of autarrt larger than the rotational speed will be more 61evee. This vacuum is used to produce the scavenging of the combustion chambers. At a determined moment after the explosion, the valve 24 occupies the position shown in FIG. 3. The vacuum then draws in the burnt gas residues which are still in the shaft 12. Once the suction has been made, the valve 24 is returned to the position shown in FIG. 5, where it closes the two passages 22 and 28, and the first valve 17 opens. Fresh gas, which RTI ID="0002.0275" WI="7" HE="4" LX="1835" LY="583"> is 46js, accumulating16s Jans la. driven 15 by the effect of the centrifugal force, are then precipitated in the chamber 12 in which, because of its sweeping, there is at this moment a slight vacuum. The chamber being filled, a new explosion can take place.

11 est clair que 1'invention West pas li- mitäe ä la forme d'execution r-epr6sent6e. 0n pourrait disposer dann !a couronne du rotor un nombre quelconque de chambres d'explosion. Les gaz brssl6s, qui s'dchappent par leg ouvertures 25, peuvent Ure r6cup6res et employes pour faire tourner un deuxieme rotor, pourvu d'aubes ordirraires et placees sur 1e meme arbre. Au lieu d'avoir des ro- binets rotatifs 23 et 24, an pourrait prAvoir des soupapes. It is clear that the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown. 0n could have dann! A crown of the rotor any number of explosion chambers. The burnt gases, which escape through openings 25, can be collected and used to turn a second rotor, fitted with ordinary blades and placed on the same shaft. Instead of having rotary taps 23 and 24, there could be valves.

Darrs la variante montrde en fig. 6, 1e canal 29 est reli6 ä la chambre d'explosion 30 par une ouverture prdvue au cötd interieur de rette derrriere, 1e canal 29 quittant la chambre dang une direction radiale. De rette fagorr, an peut supprimer la soupape 23 parce que leg gaz entrant dann la chambre 30, gräce ä la force centrifuge, ne peuvent s'echapper en quantit6 importante par 1e carral 29 avant que 1'allumage se produise. Darrs the variant shown in fig. 6, the channel 29 is connected to the explosion chamber 30 by an opening provided at the inside side of the rear rette, the channel 29 leaving the chamber in a radial direction. Moreover, valve 23 can be eliminated because the gas entering chamber 30, due to centrifugal force, cannot escape in significant quantities through valve 29 before ignition occurs.

La fig. 7 montre la construction dune soupape d'admission de la chambre d'explo- sion. Le canal d'arrivde des gaz frais 32 pAsente un siege annulaire plan 33, qui est dispos6 darrs 1e plan de rotation du rotor 2. Une soupape ä plateau 34 est relMe ä des ressorts ä lames 35, lesquels sont fixes au corps du rotor et tendent ä maintenir la soupape en position ferm6e. Sur 1e pivot 36, port6 par 1e rotor, est monte rotativement un levier corrd6 37, dont l'une des extremites repose Sur une tige de poussee 38, laquelle äst commandde par une came fixe, tandis que Pautre extremite du levier äst appliqude contre la tige de soupape 39. Cette construc- tion de soupape präsente 1'avantage que la force centrifuge n'a aucune influence Sur 1e fonctionnement de la soupape, car 1e soule- vement de cette derniere se Fait dann une direction perpendiculaire au plan de rotation du rotor. fig. 7 shows the construction of an inlet valve of the explosion chamber. The fresh gas inlet channel 32 has a planar annular seat 33, which is arranged in the plane of rotation of the rotor 2. A plate valve 34 is connected to leaf springs 35, which are fixed to the body of the rotor and tend to hold the valve in the closed position. On the pivot 36, carried by the rotor, is rotatably mounted a corresponding lever 37, one end of which rests on a push rod 38, which is controlled by a fixed cam, while the other end of the lever is applied against the valve stem 39. This valve construction has the advantage that centrifugal force has no influence on the operation of the valve, since the lifting of the latter takes place in a direction perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the valve. rotor.

La couronne 10 du rotor peut etre pour- vue d'ailettes de refroidissement 40, comme 1e montre la fig. 7. La circulation de fair entourant le rotor äst assuree par des ouver- tures prevues dann 1e couvercle 41 de la machine (fig. 2). The crown 10 of the rotor may be provided with cooling fins 40, as shown in FIG. 7. The circulation of air surrounding the rotor is ensured by openings provided in the cover 41 of the machine (fig. 2).

Claims

CLAIM Explosion turbine, characterized by a rotor, in which are arranged explosion chambers, and by a stator surrounded by cavities forming troughs, Jans which open] the gases leaving the rotor. SUB-CLAIMS 1 Explosion turbine according to claim, characterized in that the explosion chambers are arranged and connected to intake channels established in such a way that the combustible mixture is drawn in and introduced into the chambers by the effect of the centrifugal force to which it is subjected during the rotation of the rotor.

2 Explosive turbine according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is provided with a peripheral crown in the interior of which the explosion chambers are arranged, constituted by cavities in the form of concentric annular segments in the axis of the rotor, each chamber being connected by an inlet channel with the fuel mixture inlet pipe, which is arranged in the axis of the rotor.

3 Explosive turbine according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inlet channel is connected to the explosion chamber at the front end of the latter with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotor, while an escape channel for the explosion gases is connected to the rear end of the chamber.

4 Explosion turbine according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized by an explosion gas exhaust pipe, connected to a burst opening provided at the inner side of the explosion chamber , this pipe leaving the chamber in an approximately radial direction.

5 A turbine, explosions according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each explosion chamber cooperates with a deflector projecting from the side wall of the crown of the rotor andRTI ID= "0003.0267" WI="13" HE="4" LX="1267" LY="1134"> limiting with said wall a space which is likely to be placed in communication with the explosion chamber, the first deflectorrr being arranged to deflect the air surrounding the rotor for the purpose of creating a vacuum in the aforementioned space to suck the burnt gas residues from the explosion chamber.

6 Explosion turbine according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the inlet of the mixture filled into the explosion chamber is controlled by a valve, with a flat seat, arranged in such a way as to that the lift of the valve is in a direction perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the rotor, thus allowing the valve to operate independently of the centrifugal force to which it is subjected.