CH199794A - Process of electrolytic polishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy objects. - Google Patents
Process of electrolytic polishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy objects.Info
- Publication number
- CH199794A CH199794A CH199794DA CH199794A CH 199794 A CH199794 A CH 199794A CH 199794D A CH199794D A CH 199794DA CH 199794 A CH199794 A CH 199794A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- solution
- electrolytic polishing
- anode
- aluminum alloy
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100113998 Mus musculus Cnbd2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/18—Polishing of light metals
- C25F3/20—Polishing of light metals of aluminium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Description
Procédé de polissage électrolytique d'objets en aluminium et en alliages d'aluminium. Le procédé consiste à électrolyser une solution préparée en mélangeant de l'acide perchlorique et de l'anhydride acétique, en employant comme anode l'objet à polir.
On obtiendra, par exemple, cette solution en versant lentement de l'anhydride acétique dans une solution aqueuse d'acide perchlori que, et en refroidissant continuellement le mélange.
Une solution donnant, par exemple, de très bons résultats est préparée en mélan geant: Acide perchlorique (solution aqueuse de densité 1,4 à 1,5) 215 cm', Anhydre acétique à 3$/00 785 cm.
Cette solution est caractérisée par l'absence complète d'eau libre et par une viscosité éle vée. L'eau provenant de la solution perchlo rique se combine en effet avec l'anhydride acétique. L'acide perchlorique donne à la solution sa viscosité. Cette viscosité tend à augmenter avec la durée de fonctionnement du bain par suite de l'apport de sels d'alu- minium. On peut donc utiliser à l'origine une solution moins riche en acide perchlori que et augmenter la viscosité en y dissolvant par attaque anodique soit de l'aluminium, soit tout autre métal capable de former des sels solubles (l'étain convient par exemple très bien). On peut aussi dissoudre directe ment les sels eux-mêmes.
<I>Conditions de l'électrolyse:</I> On immerge dans la solution une cathode qui peut être constituée par une substance conductrice quelconque (charbon ou tôle d'aluminium par exemple). L'anode, qui est la pièce à polir, peut être disposée verticalement face à la cathode et à quelques centimètres de celle-ci. La solution peut être agitée à con dition que l'agitateur ne gêne pas la distribu tion des lignes de courant.
La densité de courant peut varier dans de grandes limites, par exemple entre 0,5 et 8 ampères par dm@ de surface anodique. L'at taque électrolytique est beaucoup plus pro- fonde à l'endroit de l'anode qui correspond au niveau de la solution; par suite, on devra immerger complètement la pièce pour avoir une dissolution régulière. Si on ne désire polir qu'une partie de la surface, on dispo sera préalablement un verni isolant sur les régions à protéger.
Etant donné la faible conductibilité de la solution, il est indispensable de disposer d'une tension assez élevée. On améliore beau coup la conductibilité en chauffant la solu tion. D'une manière générale, la température peut varier de 10à 55 C sans inconvénient.
Lorsque la pièce à polir est recouverte d'une couche d'alumine, il est préférable de la décaper d'abord dans une solution de soude caustique, ou d'acide fluorhydrique dilué.
La durée de l'électrolyse dépend de l'état primitif de la surface et du degré de poli que l'on désire. Par exemple, si l'on part d'une tôle déjà bien lisse et que l'on désire seulement augmenter son pouvoir réflecteur, un traitement anodique de quelques minutes est suffisant.
Il va de soi qu'après l'électrolyse la sur face est soigneusement lavée, par exemple à l'eau, et séchée. Le mécanisme du polissage repose sur la présence d'une pellicule anodique liquide, beaucoup plus visqueuse que le reste de la solution. Grâce à cette pellicule, les parties les plus en relief sont attaquées les premières. Cependant, on doit noter qu'il est possible d'obtenir un pouvoir réflecteur extrêmement élevé même si la surface est encore rugueuse après le traitement.
Les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus avec l'aluminium pur et cristallisé en gros cris taux; c'est ce métal que l'on devra utiliser par exemple pour la fabrication de miroirs ou de réflecteurs.
L'aluminium impur est traité dans les mêmes conditions; mais on doit utiliser la plus faible intensité possible. Les alliages d'aluminium peuvent subir le traitement ano dique dans la même solution:
Process of electrolytic polishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy objects. The process consists of electrolyzing a solution prepared by mixing perchloric acid and acetic anhydride, using the object to be polished as an anode.
This solution will be obtained, for example, by slowly pouring acetic anhydride into an aqueous solution of perchloric acid, and continuously cooling the mixture.
A solution giving, for example, very good results is prepared by mixing: Perchloric acid (aqueous solution of density 1.4 to 1.5) 215 cm 3, acetic anhydrous at 3 $ / 00 785 cm.
This solution is characterized by the complete absence of free water and by a high viscosity. The water from the perchloric solution in fact combines with acetic anhydride. Perchloric acid gives the solution its viscosity. This viscosity tends to increase with the duration of operation of the bath as a result of the addition of aluminum salts. We can therefore initially use a solution less rich in perchloric acid and increase the viscosity by dissolving therein by anodic attack either aluminum or any other metal capable of forming soluble salts (tin is suitable for example very well). The salts themselves can also be dissolved directly.
<I> Conditions of the electrolysis: </I> A cathode is immersed in the solution which may be formed by any conductive substance (carbon or aluminum sheet for example). The anode, which is the part to be polished, can be placed vertically facing the cathode and a few centimeters from the latter. The solution can be stirred provided the agitator does not interfere with the distribution of the streamlines.
The current density can vary within wide limits, for example between 0.5 and 8 amperes per dm @ of anode surface. The electrolytic attack is much deeper at the place of the anode which corresponds to the level of the solution; therefore, the part must be completely submerged in order to have regular dissolution. If you only want to polish part of the surface, you will first have an insulating varnish on the areas to be protected.
Given the low conductivity of the solution, it is essential to have a fairly high voltage. The conductivity is greatly improved by heating the solution. In general, the temperature can vary from 10 to 55 C without inconvenience.
When the piece to be polished is covered with a layer of alumina, it is preferable to strip it first in a solution of caustic soda, or dilute hydrofluoric acid.
The duration of the electrolysis depends on the primitive state of the surface and the degree of polish desired. For example, if you start from a sheet that is already very smooth and you only want to increase its reflectance, an anodic treatment of a few minutes is sufficient.
It goes without saying that after electrolysis, the surface is carefully washed, for example with water, and dried. The polishing mechanism relies on the presence of a liquid anode film, much more viscous than the rest of the solution. Thanks to this film, the most raised parts are attacked first. However, it should be noted that it is possible to obtain extremely high reflectivity even if the surface is still rough after the treatment.
The best results are obtained with pure and crystallized aluminum in coarse rate cris; it is this metal that should be used, for example, for the manufacture of mirrors or reflectors.
Impure aluminum is treated under the same conditions; but we must use the lowest possible intensity. Aluminum alloys can undergo the anodic treatment in the same solution:
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH199794T | 1937-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH199794A true CH199794A (en) | 1938-09-15 |
Family
ID=4442012
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH199794D CH199794A (en) | 1937-11-27 | 1937-11-27 | Process of electrolytic polishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy objects. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH199794A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114214717A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-22 | 左毛毛 | Aluminum alloy processing solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN114232064A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-25 | 左毛毛 | Aluminum alloy metal material |
-
1937
- 1937-11-27 CH CH199794D patent/CH199794A/en unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114214717A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-22 | 左毛毛 | Aluminum alloy processing solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN114232064A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-25 | 左毛毛 | Aluminum alloy metal material |
| CN114232064B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-06-28 | 曲靖市万东铝业有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy metal material |
| CN114214717B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-11-29 | 广元市璐兴科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy processing solution and preparation method thereof |
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