CH220821A

CH220821A - Hydraulic torque transmitter.

Info

Publication number: CH220821A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Limited Hydraulic Coup Patents
Original assignee: Hydraulic Coupling Patents Lim
Priority date: 1940-04-10
Filing date: 1941-03-21
Publication date: 1942-04-30

Description

Transmetteur de couple tournant hydraulique. L'invention a pour objet un transmetteur de couple tournant du genre de ceux utilisant un liquide de travail, et comportant une chambre rotative destinee ä contenir un an- neau liquide tournant, un Alement non tour- nant traversant une des parois extremes de ladite chambre, une ecope tubulaire mobile Jans ladite chambre ayant pour but de saisir du liquide pour 1e diriger hors de cette cham- bre, et un organe de commande monte dune fagon mobile sur 1'element non tournant et re- lie mecaniquement ä ladite ecope. Le transmet- teur de couple tournant peut etre, par exem- ple, un dispositif d'accouplement ou un frein hydraulique du type cinetique ou un em- brayage centrifuge ä entrainement par li quide. L'.ecope tubulaire est mobile pour per- mettre de varier la distance de sa levre de puisage ä la peripherie de ladite chambre, de maniere ä pouvoir regler la quantite de liquide soutiree de cette chambre. Hydraulic torque transmitter. The subject of the invention is a rotating torque transmitter of the type of those using a working liquid, and comprising a rotating chamber intended to contain a rotating liquid ring, a non-rotating element passing through one of the end walls of said chamber. , a movable tubular scoop in said chamber for the purpose of seizing liquid to direct it out of this chamber, and a control member movably mounted on the non-rotating element and mechanically connected to said scoop. The rotating torque transmitter may be, for example, a coupling device or a hydraulic brake of the kinetic type or a centrifugal clutch with liquid drive. The tubular scoop is movable to allow the distance of its draw-off lip to the periphery of said chamber to be varied, so as to be able to adjust the quantity of liquid withdrawn from this chamber.

Dans les transmetteurs' de ce genre, 1'an- neau tournant liquide contenu dans la chambre oü se trouve 1'ecope produit une reaction appreciable sur 1'Acope lorsque cette derniere est en. action et lorsque 1e transmet- teur tourne ä grande vitesse. Dans les trans- metteurs ä reglage par ecope actuellement en usage, 1'ecope est montee de fagon ä pouvoir osciller autour d'un axe parallele ä laxe de rotation de la chambre, d'oü il resulte que, au cours du fonctionnement, un couple no- table s'exerce sur 1'ecope et tend ou bien ä faire plonger 1'ecope dans 1'anneau tournant liquide, ou bien ä la faire -emerger hors de cet anneau, selon que la levre de ladite ecope, lorsqu'elle s'approche de la peripherie de la chambre, se deplace dann 1e meme sens que 1e liquide adjacent ou en sens inverse. 11 s'en suit qu'il est alors necessaire d'avoir recours ä des moyens de commande relativement puissants pour eviter 1'entrainement de 1'ecope. En outre, 1',elasticite inevitable de 1'ecope, et des connexions de la commande, permet, sous certaines conditions de marche, une vibration perturbatrice du mecanisme de commande, vibration qui est entretenue par Faction du liquide frappant Fecope. In transmitters of this type, the rotating liquid ring contained in the chamber where the scoop is located produces an appreciable reaction on the scoop when the latter is in operation. action and when the transmitter is rotating at high speed. In the scoop-controlled transmitters now in use, the scoop is mounted so as to be able to oscillate about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the chamber, with the result that, during operation, a notable torque is exerted on the scoop and tends either to make the scoop plunge into the liquid rotating ring, or else to cause it to emerge outside this ring, depending on whether the lip of the said scoop, when it approaches the periphery of the chamber, moves in the same direction as the adjacent liquid or in the opposite direction. It follows that it is then necessary to have recourse to relatively powerful control means to avoid dragging the scoop. In addition, the inevitable elasticity of the scoop, and of the connections of the control, allows, under certain operating conditions, a disturbing vibration of the control mechanism, vibration which is maintained by the action of the liquid striking the scoop.

Un des buts de 1'invention est de rendre 1e dispositif ä ecope ä la fois robuste, facile ä construire, susceptible d'etre commande de fagon precise en ne mettant en Oeuvre que des efforts raisonnablement moderes et non passible d'entrer en vibration. One of the aims of the invention is to make the scoop device both robust, easy to construct, capable of being controlled in a precise manner by implementing only reasonably moderate efforts and not liable to enter into vibration.

Suivant 1'invention, Fecope tubulaire com- porte un manche ereux di.spose transversale- ment ä Faxe de rotation de ladite ehambre et ä une certaine distance de cet axe, ledit manche pouvant coulisser dans un Organe de guidage solidaire de 1'element non tournant. According to the invention, the tubular scoop comprises a flexible handle arranged transversely to the axis of rotation of the said stem and at a certain distance from this axis, the said handle being able to slide in a guide member secured to the element not turning.

Le dessin annexe represente, ä titre d'exemple seulement, une forme d'execution de 1'objet de Finvention. The appended drawing represents, by way of example only, one form of execution of the object of the invention.

La fig.1. en est une vue en coupe laterale; la fig. 2 en est une vue en coupe partielle suivant la ligne 2=2 de la fig. 1; Fig.1. is a side sectional view; fig. 2 is a view in partial section along the line 2=2 of FIG. 1;

La fig. 3 est une vue en plan et en coupe dune Partie du meme transmetteur suivant la ligne 3-3, de la fig. 1; fig. 3 is a plan and sectional view of a part of the same transmitter along line 3-3, of FIG. 1;

La fig. 4 montre un detail de construc- tion en coupe laterale suivant la ligne 4--1 de la fig. 2. fig. 4 shows a construction detail in lateral section along line 4--1 of FIG. 2.

Sur 1e dessin, an a represente une cons- truetion normale d'un transmetteur hydrau- lique ä, reglage par ecope du type "Vulcan- Sinclair" qui a ete modifie suivant la pre- sente invention. Cet embrayage comporte une roue motrice ä ailettes 10 solidaire dune couronne exterieure 11 sur laquelle un an- neau 12 est fixe par des vis 13-. Une roue entrainee ä, ailettes 14 est fixe sur un arbre intermediaire 15, monte, dune Part, dans 1e moyeu de la roue ä ailettes 10, avee interpo- sition d'un palier 16 ä alignement automa- tique, et supporte, d'autre pari, par Finter- m6diaire d'un joint mecanique flexible 17, par un arbre entraine non represente. Les Pressions axiales agissant entre la roue mo- trice 10 et la roue 14 sont absorbees par une harre 18 fixee, ä Pune de ses extremites, sur 1'arbre intermediaire 15 et reliee, ä son autre extremite, ä, ja. roue motrice 10 par Finter- mediaire d'un palier de butee 19. Un man- chon non tournant 20 entoure Farbre 15 avec un faible jeu et est fixe sur un support 21. Un carter embouti interieur 22 est serre, 5, sa, Peripherie, entre la couronne 1.1 e1_ Fanneau 12 et comporte, en son centre, une ouverture avee un rebord 23, dans lequel est ajustee, avee un faible jeu, 1'extremite interieure du manchon 20. L'ensemble forme par la roue motrice 10 et ledit carter 22 entoure une chambre de travail. RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="5" HE="3" LX="1474" LY="647"> Un carter exterieur est constitue par une Partie cylindrique 24 sou-, dee, ä, Fune de ses extremites, sur Farmeau 12 et solidaire ä son autre extremite, dune paroi exterieure 25 dans laquelle est menagee une ouverture centrale 26 traversee par 1e manchon 20. Les deux carters 22 et 24-25 limitent une chambre formant reservoir et coaxiale ä la chambre de travail. Le carter 22 comporte une tuyere d'echappement ä. ou- verture reduite 27 qui permet 1'eehappement du liquide de travail de la chambre de tra- vail vers la chambre formant reservoir Pen dant 1e fonctionnement de 1'embrayage. Dans 1e manchon 20 est monte un arbre de commande 28 sur lequel est fix6 un levier 29 etabli de maniere ä etre reli6 5, un orga.ne de commande approprie quelconque grä.ce au quel an peut faire tourner Farbre 28 dans les deux sens et 1'immobiliser dann des positions differentes. In the drawing, there is shown a normal construction of a Vulcan-Sinclair type hydraulically controlled scoop transmitter which has been modified in accordance with the present invention. This clutch comprises a drive wheel with fins 10 secured to an outer crown 11 on which a ring 12 is fixed by screws 13-. A driven impeller 14 is fixed on an intermediate shaft 15, mounted, on the one hand, in the hub of the impeller 10, with the interposition of a self-aligning bearing 16, and supported, another bet, via a flexible mechanical seal 17, by a driven shaft not shown. The axial pressures acting between the driving wheel 10 and the wheel 14 are absorbed by a harness 18 fixed, at one of its ends, to the intermediate shaft 15 and connected, at its other end, to ja. drive wheel 10 by means of a thrust bearing 19. A non-rotating sleeve 20 surrounds the shaft 15 with little play and is fixed on a support 21. An inner stamped housing 22 is tightened, 5, its, , between the crown 1.1 e1_ Fanneau 12 and comprises, in its center, an opening with a rim 23, in which is adjusted, with a small clearance, the inner end of the sleeve 20. The assembly formed by the drive wheel 10 and said casing 22 surrounds a working chamber. RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="5" HE="3" LX="1474" LY="647"> An outer casing is constituted by a cylindrical part 24 under, dee, ä, one of its ends, on Farmeau 12 and integral at its other end with an outer wall 25 in which is formed a central opening 26 through which the sleeve 20 passes. The two casings 22 and 24-25 limit a chamber forming a reservoir and coaxial with the working chamber. The housing 22 includes an exhaust nozzle ä. reduced opening 27 which allows the working liquid to escape from the working chamber to the chamber forming the reservoir during the operation of the clutch. Mounted in the sleeve 20 is a drive shaft 28 to which is fixed a lever 29 fitted so as to be connected to it, any suitable drive member by which it can rotate the shaft 28 back and forth. immobilize it in different positions.

Le manchon 2(1 est pourvu d'un Organe de gnidage 30 presentant la forme d'un canal droit et dispose tangentiellement ä un cercle concentrique ä, Farbre 15. A Finterieur de cet Organe de guidage 30, un element 31 est monte de fapon ä pouvoir coulisser. Cet ek- ment 31 forme un manche double de deux ecopes tubulaires 32, 33, et e.st retenu par une Plaque de recouvrement 34 fixee par des vis 35. Un tourillon ou tenon 36 fixe sur 1'element 3-1 fait saillie ä travers une fente 37 menagee dans Forgane de guidage 30 et s'engage dans une fourche formee ä, 1'extre- mit6 d'un levier de commande 38, qui est fixe sur 1'arbre de commande 28. L'element 31 comporte deux alesages longitudinaux separes, 39 et 40, communiquant respective- ment avec les deug ecopes tubulaires 32 et 33, dont la derniere est pourvue dune sou- pape de retenue 41. Une ferste 42 prevue dann l'element 31, formant une ouverture de sor- tie de 1'alesage 40, coopere avec une lumiere 43 m6nagee Jans 1'organe de guidage 30; cette lumiere communique directement avec un canal circulaire 44 prevu dans 1'egtremite interieure du manchon. 20 qui s'engage dans la chambre de travail de 1'embrayage. Une ferste 45 menagee dans 1'element 31 et for- mant une ouverture de sortie de 1'alesage 39 coopere avec un conduit 46 pr6vu dans 1'or- gane de guidage 30 et 1e manchon 20, ce conduit etant muni d'un raccord 47. Un con- duit de retour 49 muni d'un raccord 48 com- munique egalement avec 1e canal 44. Entre les raccords 47 et 48, an a interpose un cir- cuit de refroidissement montre schematique- ment en 5,0. The sleeve 2(1 is provided with a gnidage member 30 having the shape of a straight channel and arranged tangentially to a concentric circle ä, the shaft 15. Inside this guide member 30, an element 31 is mounted so as to This element 31 forms a double handle of two tubular scoops 32, 33, and is retained by a cover plate 34 fixed by screws 35. 1 projects through a slot 37 in the guide member 30 and engages a fork formed at the end 6 of a control lever 38, which is fixed to the control shaft 28. element 31 comprises two separate longitudinal bores, 39 and 40, communicating respectively with the two tubular scoops 32 and 33, the latter of which is provided with a check valve 41. A ferste 42 provided in the element 31, forming a outlet opening of the bore 40 cooperates with a light 43 made in the guide member 30; this light communicates directly with a circular channel 44 provided in the interior 1'egtremite of the sleeve. 20 which engages in the working chamber of the clutch. A ferste 45 provided in the element 31 and forming an outlet opening of the bore 39 cooperates with a duct 46 provided in the guide member 30 and the first sleeve 20, this duct being provided with a coupling 47. A return conduit 49 provided with a connector 48 also communicates with the channel 44. Between the connectors 47 and 48 there is interposed a cooling circuit shown schematically at 5.0.

L'ecope tubulaire 32, dopt la eapacite d'ecoulement est relativement faible, est re- courb6e de telle fagon que Bon embouchure 51 est situee substantiellement au-dessous du manche vertical 31 et s'ouvre du cöte oppose au plan vertical contenant Page de rotation du dispositif d'embrayage. Cette embou- chure s'enfoncera, par consequent, dans 1'an- neau liquide, dont 1e sens de rotation est indique par une fleche Sur la fig. 2, ä un endroit oü la surface de 1'anneau n'est incli- nee que faiblement par rapport ä 1'horizon- tale. Ainsi, la composante verticale de la reaction du liquide Sur 1'embouchure 51 Sera insuffisante pour vaincre 1e freinage par friction auquel sont soumises les 6copes tubu- laires par la composante horizontale de cette reaction, de Sorte que 1e Systeme ä ecope res- tera stable lorsque la petite ecope 32 Sera Beule en fonetion. Le col de 1'.ecope 33, dont la capacite est plus elevee que Gelle de 1',ecope 32, est courbe, de maniere ä s'eloigner d'au- tant plus du plan vertical contenant laxe de rotation du dispositif d'embrayage, qu'on s'approche de Bon embouchure 52 qui penetre ainsi dans Panneau liquide ä un endroit oü la surface de ce dernier est plus fortement inclinee par rapport ä 1'horizontale. Si cette inclinaison est suffisante, la composante ver- ; ticale de la reaction de 1'anneau liquide Sur 1'embouchure 52 suffira pour vaincre 1e frei nage par friction dü ä la composante hori zontale; la disposition des divers Organes peut alors eire choisie telle que, daris 1e Gas oü les deug embouchures 51 et 52 sont en fonetion, 1'.equilibre des deug & opes agissant de eoneert soit instable ou sensiblement ins- table, de BorteRTI ID="0003.0273" WI="11" HE="4" LX="1323" LY="554"> qu'une force de commande tres faible est necessaire pour enfoncer les ecopes plus profondement dans 1e liquide. Tubular scoop 32, of relatively low flow capacity, is curved such that mouthpiece 51 is located substantially below vertical shaft 31 and opens to the side opposite the vertical plane containing rotation of the clutch device. This mouth will therefore sink into the liquid ring, the direction of rotation of which is indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2, at a location where the surface of the ring slopes only slightly from the horizontal. Thus, the vertical component of the reaction of the liquid on the mouth 51 will be insufficient to overcome the friction braking to which the tubular scoops are subjected by the horizontal component of this reaction, so that the scoop system will remain stable. when the small bailer 32 will be Beule in function. The neck of the scoop 33, the capacity of which is higher than that of the scoop 32, is curved, so as to move further away from the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation of the device. clutch, as one approaches the mouth 52 which thus penetrates into the liquid panel at a place where the surface of the latter is more steeply inclined with respect to the horizontal. If this inclination is sufficient, the ver- component; The time of the reaction of the liquid ring on the mouth 52 will suffice to overcome the frictional braking due to the horizontal component; the arrangement of the various Organs can then be chosen such that, in the first Gas where the two mouths 51 and 52 are in operation, the balance of the two mouths acting together is unstable or substantially unstable, BorteRTI ID=" 0003.0273" WI="11" HE="4" LX="1323" LY="554"> that a very weak control force is necessary to push the scoops deeper into the liquid.

Si la chambre rotative formant reservoir contient la quantite magimum de liquide, la surface interieure de ce dernier est indiquee en 53 Sur la fig. 2. En tenant compte de ce niveau de liquide, an choisit les positions relatives des embouchures 51 et 52, de fagon qu'elles s'enfoncent substantiellement au meme moment dans ladite surface 53" lors= qu'on abaisse les ecopes ä partir de leur posi- tion debrayee representee en traits continus Sur la fig. 2; donc, aucune ecope ne com- mence ä puiser Beule. Ainsi, la chambre de travail Sera rapidement remplie au degr6 de sire, 1e remplissage etant accelere par la pre- sence de 1'@ecope 33 ä grande section et par la faible resistance hydraulique Offerte par 1e conduit de remplissage direct 42--43-44 partant de ladite ecope. Toutefois, si Fon en- fonce ensuite les ecopes dans 1'anneau li quide jusqu'ä une certaine profondeur, la surface du liquide baissera, lorsque 1e liquide Sera evacue, au-dessous de 1'embouchure 52 de 1'ecope la plus large 33 avant qu'il Baisse au-dessous de 1'embouchure 51 de la petite ecope 32. Cette disposition permet donc ä 1'ecope la plus large d'assurer immediatement au degre desire 1e remplissage rapide du cir- cuit de travail et de laisser la petite ecope en fonetion pour maintenir 1e circuit de re- froidissement de liquide Passant ä travers la tuyere 27 lorsque 1e degre de remplissage de sire est atteint et que la grande ecope a cesse automatiquement de fonetionner. Dans Ges conditions, 12, soupape de retenue 41 empeche 1e liquide qui, ä 1'aide de 1'ecope 32 est re- tourne dans la chambre de travail ä travers 1e circuit de refroidissement 50, de s'echap- per vers 1e reservoir ä travers Fecope 33 qui n'est pas en fonction. If the rotating chamber forming a reservoir contains the maximum quantity of liquid, the interior surface of the latter is indicated at 53 In FIG. 2. Taking this level of liquid into account, one chooses the relative positions of the mouths 51 and 52, so that they sink substantially at the same time into said surface 53" when the scoops are lowered from their disengaged position represented in continuous lines in Fig. 2; therefore, no bailer begins to draw Beule. Thus, the working chamber will be quickly filled to the degree of sire, the filling being accelerated by the presence of the large-section scoop 33 and by the low hydraulic resistance offered by the direct filling pipe 42--43-44 starting from said scoop. At a certain depth, the surface of the liquid will drop, as the liquid is discharged, below the mouth 52 of the larger scoop 33 before it drops below the mouth 51 of the smaller scoop. scoop 32. This arrangement therefore enables the larger scoop to immediately provide the desired degree of rapid filling of the working circuit and to leave the small scoop in operation to maintain the liquid cooling circuit. through the nozzle 27 when the 1st degree of filling of sire is reached and the large bailer has automatically ceased to function. Under these conditions, the check valve 41 prevents the liquid which, by means of the scoop 32, is returned to the working chamber through the cooling circuit 50, from escaping towards the reservoir. through Fecope 33 which is not in operation.

Lorsque 1e volume de liquide contenu dans la chambre de travail atteint le maxi- mum, 1'embouchure de la petite ecope s'en- gage partiellement dans une gouttiere circon- f6rentielle exterieure 54 de la paroi 24 du re- servoir, comme il est montre, en traits in- terrompus, sur la fig. 2. When the volume of liquid contained in the working chamber reaches the maximum, the mouth of the small scoop engages partially in an outer circumferential gutter 54 of the wall 24 of the tank, as it is shown, in broken lines, in fig. 2.

La disposition tangentielle des manches des ecopes tubulaires et de leur organe de guidage permet la fixation dune surface portante 'a glissement, ce qui permet d'obte- nir une Brande rigidite et une longue duree, et, de plus, d'utiliser une simple liaison me- canique avec Forgane de commande. The tangential arrangement of the handles of the tubular scoops and of their guide member allows the attachment of a sliding bearing surface, which makes it possible to obtain a Brande rigidity and a long duration, and, moreover, to use a simple mechanical connection with the control device.

Claims

CLAIM Rotating torque transmitter using a working liquid and comprising a rotating chamber intended to contain a rotating liquid water, a non-rotating element passing through one of the end walls of said chamber, a mobile tubular scoop in said chamber a , having the purpose of seizing liquid in order to direct it out of this chamber, and a control member movably mounted on the non-rotating element and mechanically connected to the said scoop, characterized in that the tubular scoop comprises a hollow handle has the rotation axis of said chamber transversely and a certain distance from this axis, said handle being able to slide in a guide member integral with the non-rotating e1ement. 1. Torque transmitter according to claim, characterized in that the handle (31) of the tubular scoop and the guide member (30) respectively have lights (42 and 43) cooperating with the with each other.

2. Torque transmitter according to claim, in which the control member is constituted by a rotary shaft mounted in the non-rotating element, characterized by a crank (38) mounted on said control shaft (28). ) and by a finger (36) arranged on the tubular Fecope and cooperating with said crank.

3. Torque transmitter according to claim, characterized in that the mouth (52) of the tubular scoop (33) is located, with respect to the axis of the handle 31, on the side opposite to that. where the face of the rotary chamber is located, this mouth being directed in a direction such that the reaction of the liquid into which said mouth enters tends to push RTI ID="0004.0269" WI="11" HE="4" LX="1489" LY="742"> the scoop deeper into the liquid ring.

4. Torque transmitter according to re- vendica.tion, comprising a second tubular scoop (32) movable 5, 1'inside the rotating chamber, characterized in that the second scoop is mounted in the same way as the first scoop and that three ducts (46, 49 and 43) are inserted in the non-rotating element (20), the first (46) connecting one of the tubular scoops (32), to a pipe passing through a cooler ( 50), the second (49) connecting this channel to the working chamber of the transmitter, while the third conduit (43) runs directly from the other tubular vessel (33) to the working chamber, means (.`? 8, 38, 36) serving to move the two scoops simultaneously in the first direction between their work and rest positions.

5. Torque transmitter according to sub-claim 4, characterized in that the sleeves of the two scoops are arranged one by one, c o U 'e of the other ei compelled to slide together.

6. Torque transmitter according to sub-claim 5. characterized in that the mouths (51 and 52) of the tubular scoops <B> (</B> 32 and 33), open from AU opposite to the longitudinal median plane of the rotary chamber, plane to which the handles of the scoops are pa; ralleles, and further characterizes in that, one bet, the mouth of one of the scoops (33) is farther from this plane than the mouth of the other scoop (32) and that, on the other hand, part, said tubular scoops being established in such a way that when the scoops occupy an extreme working position, the mouth (51) of the scoop (32) is very close to the periphery of the rotary chamber, and that the mouth (52) of the scoop (33) is a little less spaced from the axis of rotation of the chamber than the mouth (51) of the scoop (32).