CH240621A - Process for the production of plastics. - Google Patents

Description

  

  Process for the production of plastics. The polyamides prepared in a known manner by polymerizing aminocarboxylic acids or their lactams are insoluble in conventional solvents and cannot be mixed with other substances.

   The only exceptions are phenols or other cyclic hydroxide compounds, also formamide, some organic acids and benzene sulfamides, in which the polyamides are soluble at higher temperatures. These .Stoffe are used as plasticizers, stretchers and other additives either as a result of their chemical respectively. physical properties unsuitable or too expensive. The mixing of finished polyamides with these substances is also often cumbersome or very difficult.

   The admixing of these substances before or during the polymerization, i. H. too monomeric lactam or too low polymers is out of the question, since in such cases decomposition phenomena occur which prevent the formation of high quality, high molecular weight polymers. Other substances that the polyamide cannot dissolve respectively. are not soluble in polyamides, so far could not be added in any way.



  It has been found that substances that do not dissolve the polyamides and are insoluble in them can also be mixed completely with polyamides within wide limits, provided that these additives are added to the lactam or the lactam-containing mixtures, which may contain lower polyamides that these additives with the amido respectively. Carboxyl group do not react and are soluble in monomeric lactam at higher temperatures.

   The polymerization is then carried out or in the presence of these additives. continued.



  It has been found that such additives are aromatic sulfones, such as. B. diphenyl sulfone, ditolyl sulfone, etc., can be used with advantage, in addition to good spinnability, resistance to chemical influences, etc. also a pronounced matting effect is achieved. Even with the addition of 5% aromatic sulfone, strongly matt fibers are obtained, with the original strength remaining unchanged.

   The optimum is around 10%, calculated on monomeric lactam. It can be assumed that the matting is caused by fine superficial crystallization of the sulfone, with the majority of the sulfone in the fiber mass in a homogeneous phase, i.e. H. is held in solid solution. The matting is permanent in water, in laundry, etc., since the sulfones are completely insoluble in water.

         Example r: 100 g of pure s-aminocaproic acid were heated to 150-220 ° C. in a narrow-necked flask under normal pressure. After one hour, 6 g of diphenyl sulfone was added and heating was continued. After a further 4 hours, the polycondensation was ended.

   The melt could be spun into solid, beautifully matted fibers or processed into shaped objects with a matt surface. <I> Example 2: </I> 70 g of pure s-aminocaproic acid, 150 g of s-caproolactam and 45 g of ditolyl sulfone were polymerized in a narrow-necked flask at 200-250 ° C. for 7 hours. The product showed similar properties to that according to Example 1.



  Example 3: 10 g of E-caproolactam, 0.2 g of a-aminocaproic acid and 4 g of tolylphenylsulfone were heated to 180-240 ° C. for 15 hours in a molten glass tube. The viscous, clear and perfectly homogeneous melt obtained could be spun into particularly white, deep matt threads.

 

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of plastics containing polyamides and aromatic sulfones, characterized in that cyclic isogimes (lactams) or mixtures containing them are polymerized in the presence of aromatic sulfones.