CH251076A

CH251076A - Device for joining railway rails by fishplates.

Info

Publication number: CH251076A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Paulve Marcel-Luc-Amedee
Original assignee: Paulve Marcel Luc Amedee
Priority date: 1943-11-26
Filing date: 1945-11-20
Publication date: 1947-10-15

Description

Dispositif de jonction des rails de chemins de fer par eclisses. Device for joining railway rails by fishplates.

La presente invenhon se rapporte ä la technique de 1a. jonction, en baut par eclisses, des rails de chemins de fer. The present invention relates to the technique of 1a. junction, at the top by fishplates, of the rails of the railways.

Cette jonction est actuellement awuree en perforant fäme des rails pour 1e passage des boulons qui, traversant -en meme -temps. les eclisses, exercent leur effet .de serrage sur ces dernieres pour les appliquer etroitement con tre 1e boudin et 1e patin des rails de Part et d'autre des deux ämes. Les chocs violente et repetes appliques au joiut par leer raues des convois produisent rapidsment la. cristallisa tiGn du metzl et des fissures apparaissent dans les rails autour des trous de boulons. Des que ces fifisures atteignent un certain degre, les rails- doivent etre remplacAs si Fon veut p.revenir la rupture du joint et les. aCci dents graves qui peavent en etre la conse quence. This junction is currently secured by perforating the rails for the passage of the bolts which, crossing -at the same time. the splints, exert their clamping effect on the latter to apply them closely against the first flange and the first pad of the rails on either side of the two webs. The violent and repeated shocks applied to the juice by the rauces of the convoys quickly produce it. crystallized tiGn from the metzl and cracks appeared in the rails around the bolt holes. As soon as these cracks reach a certain degree, the rails must be replaced if we want to prevent the rupture of the joint and the. Serious teeth aCci which can be the consequence.

L'invention a pour but de remedior ä ces inconvenients. A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif de jonchon dans. lequel 1'äme -des rails n'es@t pas perforee. Ce dispositif se caracterise par 1a combinaison, avec les eclisses, de brides, qui, enveloppant les patirns de rails, supportent les Aactions de moyens qui exercent un serrage elastique pour main tenir les ealisses' appliquees contre les rails. The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks. To this end, it relates to a rush device in. which 1'ame -of the rails is not perforated. This device is characterized by the combination, with the splints, of flanges which, enveloping the rail pads, support the actions of means which exert an elastic clamping to hold the splints applied against the rails.

L'invention ainsi definie se prete ä des formes: de mise en aeuvre diverses qui diffe rent surtout par 1a nature des moyens utili s@s pour pro(luire et maintemir les reactions The invention thus defined lends itself to various forms of implementation which differ above all in the nature of the means used to produce and maintain the reactions.

elastiques de serrage. Ces rea@ctions elastiques peuvent etre obtenues: a) Par 1a deformation eiastique des bri des, celles-ci affectant la forme .d'etriers ,dopt les branches s'appliquent par leurs egtremites sur les eclisses, l'une au moins de ces extre mit6s comportant un moyen de serrage tel qu'une vis, par exemple. tightening elastics. These elastic reactions can be obtained: a) By the elastic deformation of the flanges, these affecting the shape of the stirrups, the branches are applied by their ends on the splints, at least one of these extreme mit6s comprising a clamping means such as a screw, for example.

b) Par int$rposition, entre les extremites des brides et les- eclisses, de cales e1astique ment deformables: ou de moyens elastiques tels que des rondelles. b) By interposing, between the ends of the flanges and the fishplates, elastically deformable wedges or elastic means such as washers.

c) Par felasheite meme des eclisses con formees de fagon ä presenter de Part et d'autre d'un point d'appui initial sur 1'äme des rails, des fleches ramenees ä zero par 1'effet de serrage des cales. c) By the very fact of the splints formed in such a way as to present on either side of an initial point of support on the web of the rails, deflections reduced to zero by the effect of tightening the wedges.

d) Par les diverses combinaieons des moyens a), b), c) ei-dessus. d) By the various combinations of means a), b), c) above.

Les dessins annexes representent, ä eitre d'exemples seulement, deug formes de r6ali satiion d'un dispositif de jenütion selon 1'in vention. The appended drawings show, by way of example only, two embodiments of a jenütion device according to the invention.

La fig. 1 montre, en vue de cöte, 1'ensem ble dune Premiere forme de reaJisatio@n d'un joint reali:se suivant 1'invention. fig. 1 shows, in side view, 1'ensem ble dune First form of reaJisatio @ n of a joint reali: is according to 1'invention.

La fig. 2 est une vue par-.dessus corres pondant ä. la fig. 1. fig. 2 is a view from above corresponding to. fig. 1.

La fig. 3 est une coupe transver sale par la ligne 11I-III de la fig. 1. fig. 3 is a dirty cross section through the line 11I-III of FIG. 1.

Los fig. 4, 5 et 6 sont des vues. res#pecti vement analogues ä celles des fig. 1, 2 et 3 dune variante de realisation. Los fig. 4, 5 and 6 are views. respectively analogous to those of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of a variant embodiment.

Les dispositifs representes ne necessitent ni 1e pergage des eclisses ni celui des ames ,des rails aux extremites ä reunir. Il en re sulte evidem@ment une economie de main-d'oeu vre qui constitue un axantage ä ajouter ä, ceux plus considerables dejä cites. The devices shown require neither the first pergage of the fishplates nor that of the webs, of the rails at the ends to be joined. This obviously results in a saving in manpower which constitutes an advantage to be added to the more considerable ones already mentioned.

Dans. les diverses figures du dessin, les memes nombres de reference designent les memes organes ou des organes jouant 1e meme r61,9. In. the various figures of the drawing, the same reference numbers designate the same organs or organs playing the same first r61.9.

Dans 1a. premiere forme de realisation representee aux fig. 1 ä 3, leg eclisses 1 sont Uablies, comme les 6clis:ses connues. perfo rees, avec un profil tel qu',elles s'appliquent etroitemer_t eur les faces convergentes @du boudin et du patin des raiis 3 .comme montre par la fig. 3. Dann 1e sens. langitudinal, elles presentb"nt une certaine fleche qui, ramenee ä zero, pour los ap2liquer contre les rails 3, pro duit une reaction elastique permanente Uter minee par 1'importance de la section des eclis ses et des earacteristiques du metal qui les constitue. In 1a. first embodiment represented in FIGS. 1 to 3, leg sides 1 are Uablies, like the sides: its known. perfo rees, with a profile such that they apply etroitemer_t eur the converging faces @of the coil and the pad of the spokes 3. As shown in FIG. 3. Dann 1st sense. langitudinal, they presentb "nt a certain arrow which, reduced to zero, to apply them against the rails 3, produces a permanent elastic reaction Uter undermined by the importance of the section of the splints and the characteristics of the metal which constitutes them.

Trois brides de serra,ge 4 suffisent dann la plupart des Gas. Dans 1a realisiation envisa g6e, les brides 4 sont rigides et a.ffectent la forme dkriers dopt leg. branches embra.ssent 1e patin des rails en presentant saus la fate degagee de celui-ci une partie renforcee de section determinee selon les fatigues maxima quelle est appelee ä subin Une des @extremites des. brides est un sim ple bec 4ä qui, de preference, au lieu de s'ap pliquer en surface sur 1'eclisse adjacente, s'encastre dans une empreinte pratiquäe dans la,dite eclisee. Lautre extremite 4b ,des. brides est percee et taraudee pour recevoir une vis de blocage 5. Les extremites 4b et les vis 5 sont dvgposees de preference du cöte des rails extgrieur ä la voie. Les vis 5 prennent appui sur les öalisses 1 par 1'intermediaire,de cales e1astiquement deformables qui, dans la r6a lisation envisagee, sont .constituees par des plaquettes cambrees 6 ap@pliquees sur les eclisses par leurs faces concaves. L'ecrase ment des eales 6 est limite par appui d'un bossage central 6a sur 1'eclisse adjacente, ce bossage resultant, par exemple, d'un poingon- Three clamps, age 4, are sufficient in most Gases. In 1a realization envisaged g6e, the flanges 4 are rigid and a.ffectent the shape dkriers dopt leg. branches embra.ssent 1st shoe rails by presenting saus fate released thereof a reinforced portion of section determined according to the maximum fatigue which is called to subin One of the extremities of. flanges is a simple beak 4a which, preferably, instead of being applied on the surface on the adjacent splint, fits into a recess made in the said splint. The other end 4b, des. flanges is drilled and tapped to receive a locking screw 5. The ends 4b and the screws 5 are preferably placed on the side of the rails outside the track. The screws 5 are supported on the sides 1 by means of elastically deformable wedges which, in the envisaged embodiment, are .constituted by cambered plates 6 ap@pliquees on the sides by their concave faces. The crushing of the eales 6 is limited by the support of a central boss 6a on the adjacent splint, this boss resulting, for example, from a punch-

nage de 1a plaquette 6 qui fait apparaitre une empreinte externe Jans lacluelle s'engage 1'extrAmite de la vis- 5. Cette disposition a pour avantage d'assurer la tnue des brides 4 en cis de rupture des pla quettes ou cales elastiques 6. Elle indique aussi au poseur la limite de serrage de la vis 5, ce serrage de vant etie interrompu des que 1e bossage 6a tauche 1'eclisse. swimming of the plate 6 which reveals an external imprint Jans lacluelle engages the end of the screw 5. This arrangement has the advantage of ensuring the tnue of the flanges 4 in case of rupture of the plates or elastic wedges 6. It also indicates to the fitter the tightening limit of screw 5, this front tightening being interrupted as soon as the first boss 6a hits the splint.

La forme de realisation representee- aux fig. 4 ä 6 differe notamment de Gelle des f ig. 1 ä 3 du f ait que 1e s errage elastique des ecliss es, 1 s:ur les rails est realise par Pin termediaire de rondelles Belleville 10 s'ap puyant, dune part, .sur 1a face externe de 1''une des eclis,se,s 1 et, d'autre Part, sur la face interne Tune rondelle 11 sur la face externe de laquelle s'appuie 1'extremite de la vis .de serrage 5 de la bride 4. Pour eviter taut deplacement fortuit de la brde 4 et des rondelles 10 et 11 par rapport aux eclisses 1, 1'extr6mite fixe de la bride 4 s'engage Jans une rainure 2 de Feclisse 1 correspondante, tandis que 1a rondelle 11 forme une coupelle dans laquelle se logent la ou les rondelles Belleville 10. De plus., la coupelle 10 com porte un tAton central 13 qui s'eugage dans üne perforation borgne 14 de Feclisse 1 cor respondante. Sur la face externe de la. cou nelle 10 est prevue, dans Faxe du teton, une perforation borgne 15 Jans laquelle s'engage 1'extremi+,e 16 de ia vis de serrage 5 cle la bride 4. The embodiment represented in FIGS. 4 to 6 differs in particular from Gelle of FIGS. 1 to 3 due to the fact that the elastic clamping of the splints, 1 on the rails is carried out by intermediate pin of Belleville washers 10 resting, on the one hand, on the external face of one of the splints ,se,s 1 and, on the other hand, on the internal face Tune washer 11 on the external face of which rests the extremity of the clamping screw 5 of the flange 4. To avoid accidental movement of the brde 4 and washers 10 and 11 with respect to the fishplates 1, the fixed end of the flange 4 engages Jans a corresponding groove 2 of Feclisse 1, while the washer 11 forms a cup in which the washer or washers are housed Belleville 10. In addition., the cup 10 com carries a central stud 13 which is eugage in a blind perforation 14 of Feclisse 1 corresponding. On the outer side of the. neck 10 is provided, in the area of the nipple, a blind perforation 15 Jans which engages the end 16 of the clamping screw 5 key flange 4.

Cette coupelle 11 constitue en outre un dispositif de s@ecurite qui empeclhe, en Gas de rupture des rondelles Belleville, une disloca tion de fensemble, !es morceaux de ia. ou des rondelles Belleville restant contenus dann la coupelle 11 et continua.nt d'assurer un cer tain serrage. This cup 11 further constitutes a safety device which prevents, in Gas rupture of the Belleville washers, a dislocation of the assembly,! Are pieces of ia. or Belleville washers remaining contained dann the cup 11 and continua.nt to ensure a certain tightening.

Dans rette realisation et en vue de ma.in tenir les _patins aux extremites des rails 3 a.ppliques. sur les traverses 19 adjacentes ä la solution de continuite existant entre les rails 3, an peut prevoir, sur chacune des eolisses. 1, .deux oreilles laterales 16 pourvues de parforahons oblongaies 17 pour 1e passage In rette realization and in order to hold the _patins at the ends of the rails 3 a.ppliques. on the sleepers 19 adjacent to the solution of continuity existing between the rails 3, an can provide, on each of the olisses. 1, two lateral lugs 16 provided with oblong parforahons 17 for the first passage

des tire-fond de fixation 18 visses dans les traverses 19. fixing lag bolts 18 screwed into the crosspieces 19.

Un desserra.ge fortuit de 1a vis. 5 de cha cune des brides 4 peut etre empech6 par to#us moyens connus de blocage et, par egemple, comme representA, par une goupille ä tete 20 dont la tige s'engage dann 1'intervalle entre deux bossages 21 prevus sur 1e corps de la bride 4. Accidental loosening of the screw. 5 of each of the flanges 4 can be prevented by all known means of blocking and, for example, as shown, by a headed pin 20 whose rod engages in the interval between two bosses 21 provided on the first body of the flange 4.

0n pourrait egalement remplacer les cales elastiques 6 .ou les rondelles Belleville 10 par es cales composites comportant un element elastiquement deformable constitue par un tampon dune mausre telle que 1e caoutvhoue. Quelle que sofft la realisation adoptee, et qu'on fasse intervenir ou non 1'g1asticite propre des eclisses, Ges dernieres n'ont pas de liaison positive avee les raff s dans 1e Gens longitudi nal, ce qui laisse ä Ges dernieres tonte liberte en ce qui eoncerne les dilatations et contrae tions longitudinales. Par contre, la liaison transveTsale est assuree et maintenue en per manence malgre les matages et les, ecrauis sages des zones de eont,ct entre les eclisses 1 et les rails 3. 0n could also replace the elastic shims 6 .or the Belleville washers 10 by es composite shims comprising an elastically deformable element constituted by a dull dune pad such as first caoutvhoue. Whatever the embodiment adopted, and whether or not the elasticity specific to the splints is brought into play, the latter do not have a positive connection with the raffs in the longitudinal gen, which leaves the latter free in all respects. which concerns longitudinal expansions and contractions. On the other hand, the transveTsale connection is ensured and maintained at all times despite the matting and the crushing of the areas of eont,ct between the splints 1 and the rails 3.

Les extremites des rails peuvent eire cou p6es orthogonalement comme montre Jans la fig. 2 ou bien en sifflet comme montre dans la fig. 5. Il est ä remarquer que si, ä priori, !es dmspositifs de jonction decrits, pa raissent plus coüteug que 1'eclissage eourant par boulons, il faut, pour 1'evaluation de son prix de revient, faire intervenir 1'economie de main-d'oeuvre realisee par, la suppression du percage des rails et des eclissess. The ends of the rails can be cut orthogonally as shown in fig. 2 or as a whistle as shown in fig. 5. It should be noted that if, a priori, the joining devices described appear to be more expensive than the usual jointing by bolts, it is necessary, for the evaluation of its cost price, to take into account the economy of labor carried out by, the elimination of the drilling of the rails and fishplates.

0n peut egalement, Jans 1e Gas oü Von desire que les rails s.oient isoles 6lectrique m:ent les uns des autres., interposer entre les eclisses 1 et les rails des, plaquettes isolantes en tonte mattere appTopriee enlpechant les dites eclisses de venir au oontaot direct des rails. 0n can also, Jans 1e Gas where Von wishes that the rails are insulated electrically m: ent from each other., interpose between the splints 1 and the rails of, insulating plates in shearing material appTopriee enlpechant the said splints to come to the Direct off the rails.

Claims

CLAIM Device for joining railway rails by sclissee, characterized by the fact that neither the soul of the rails nor the splints are perforated and that the splints are arranged: on each side of the rails to be joined together the place of

joint, to bear on the first flange and the first pad of Ges rails, are maintained, in range by means of flanges which encircle the rail pads. and support the reactions of means providing elastic clamping of the sides on the lateral sides of said raffle. 1. Device according to claim, ca ract6ris, e by the 1st fact that the fixing flanges of the splints on the rails are each constituted by a stirrup in the form of <B>C</B> of which one of the branches comprises a clamping means.

2. Device according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized by the fact that locking means are provided for a sowing screw of the fixing bracket of the splints in order to avoid accidental loosening of this screw after fetrier fixing.

3. Device according to the claim 1a and the sub-claims 1 and 2, characterized by the first fact that the locking means of the screw s, have constituted pa) r a pin that can be pledged, on the one hand, in one radial perforations of the t-ate of the screw and, on the other hand, in a recess provided between two bosses .of the fixing bracket.

4. Device according to the reclaim and ja, sub-claim 1, characterized by the first fact that the means ensuring the elastic reaction of the splints on the clamping means are constituted by the splints themselves which are initially conforming to present a let's put in place on the sides of the rails a certain deflection brought back to zero@ by the tightening effect <B>of</B> via provided on the stirrups.

5. Device according to claim and 1a sub-claim 1, characterized by the first way that the means, ensuring the elastic reaction of the echsses on the clamping means are constituted by elastically deformable Gases interposed between the outer face of 1 ' ecliese and the end of a tightening screw provided on the fixing bracket.

6. Device according to claim 1 and sub-claim 1, characterized by the fact that the means ensuring the elastic reaction

that klisses on the means.: clamping are constituted by washers. Belleville interpos6es between the outer face of the cli@sse and the extremity of a tightening screw provided on the fixing bracket.

7. Device according to the claim and the sub-claims 1 and 6, characterized by the fact that the Belleville washers rest directly, on the one hand, on the outer face of a splint and, on the other hand, on the interior of a washer in the form of a cup on the outer face of which the extremity of the clamping screw provided on the fixing bracket rests, said washer comprising a guide teto # n .central which engages in a blind ca vit6 p:revue: in the splint. B. Device according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized by the fact that to ensure the positioning and holding of the clamping stirrups, the end of one of the brauch-es of said stirrups and 1' - end of a screw provided on the other brauche of said stirrups engages in the provided housings

on the parts with which these ends are in contact.

9. D'ispositf according to claim 1a, ca ract6ris6 by the first fact that "to maintain the skates .des rails at the ends of eeix-, it appliqu @ s on the sleepers, the, corner splints carry omeill.es: lateral provided with oblong holes through which pass lag bolts screwed into the crosspieces.

10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends -of the rails are cut orthogonally.

11. Device according to claim, characterized by the fact that the ends of the rails are cut into a whistle.

12. Device according to the claim, characterized by the fact that, to ensure electrical isolation between two rails thus connected, an interposed between the slats and the rails of the insulating pla.quettes.