CH256347A - Process for the preparation of an anti-epileptic drug. - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of an anti-epileptic drug.Info
- Publication number
- CH256347A CH256347A CH256347DA CH256347A CH 256347 A CH256347 A CH 256347A CH 256347D A CH256347D A CH 256347DA CH 256347 A CH256347 A CH 256347A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- dioxo
- trimethyl
- parts
- weight
- dimethyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 229960003965 antiepileptics Drugs 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- DDLOTJCOXIBYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3-trimethylpiperidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CN1CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C1=O DDLOTJCOXIBYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VXJPHMNYLXKYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylpiperidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)C(=O)CCNC1=O VXJPHMNYLXKYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 formic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- VCGTVWAYTIKLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCNC1=O VCGTVWAYTIKLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenytoin Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000517 effect on sleep Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001037 epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012022 methylating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002036 phenytoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Antiepileptikums. Al, ei#stes nicht bromhaltiges Antiepi- leptikum wurde 1919 die Phenyläthylbarbi- tursäurc in die Therapie eingeführt.
Sie ist nicht nur gegen Epilepsie wirksam, sondern zugleich ein stark e.y Schlafmittel. Bei .den für die Behandlung der Epilepsie üblichen liolien Dosen sind aber die schlafmachenden Eigen-,chaften eines Antiepileptikums uner- %viin,clit. I m Epileptikern ein weder durch Anfälle noch durch ständige Sehla.fsucht ge,törte.s Arbeiten zu ermöglichen,
muss ihnen ein spezifisches Antiepileptikum ohne schlafmachende Wirkung verahreicht wer den. Die umfangreichen synthetischen Ar beiten auf .diesem Gebiete haben zu wert vollen Präparaten, wie, 1-14Zethyl-5-pheny 1- 5-ätliyl-barbitursäure, Diphenylhydantoin, 3, a, 5-Trimethyl-oxazolindion-(2, 4), geführt.
Ein neues Antiepileptikum, .das wohl eine Konstitution besitzt, die eine schlaf machende Wirkung erwarten liesse, tatsäch lich aber keine solche aufweist, wurde im 1, 3, 3-Trimetliyl-2, 4-dioxo,-piperidin gefun den. Mit geringen Dosen dieser nur wenig toxischen Verbindung (5,0 g(kg werden ertragen) vorbehandelte, Tiere sind gegen normalerweise lebhaft auftretende Krämpfe nach Ca.rdiazol-Verabreichung (25 mg/kg Kaninchen i. v.) geschützt, ohne schläfrig oder benommen zu sein.
Nach der .gleichen Vorbehandlung muss ein stärkerer elektri- scher Strom durch .das Gehirn von Katzen geleitet werden, bis Krämpfe, auftreten, als ohne Vorbehandlung. Es ist bekannt, y-Aminomethylen-a,a- dialkyl-acetessigester in 2, 4-Dioxo-3, 3-dial- kyl-tetra-hydropyridine, diese durch Alky- lierung in 1, 3, 3-Trialkyl-2,
4-dioxo-tetra- hydropyridine und diese durch Hydrierung in 1, 3, 3-Trialkyl-2, 4-dioxo@piperidine über zuführen. Nach diesem Verfahren wurden aber bis jetzt nur Verbindungen hergestellt, die in 3-Stellung höhere Alkylreste, zum mindesten Äthylreste, tragen.
Diese Ver- bindungen, sind indessen für die Behand lung der Epilepsie zufolge ihrer schlafma chenden Wirkung wenig geeignet. Es war nicht vorauszusehen, @dass das 1, 3, 3-Tri- methyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperidin sich trotz des Fehlens einer Schlafwirkung als vorzügli ches Antiepileptikum bewährt. Zufolge sei ner Mischba.rkeit in Wasser kann es in jeder gewünschten Form verabreieht werden.
Es wird auch vom Menschen ohne jede NTeben- wirkungen ertragen. Das, 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2,4-dioxo-piperidin wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gewonnen, dass man einen. a,a.-Dimethyl-acetessigester durch Behandlung mit einem Ameisensäure- ester in seine Oxymethylen-Verbindung., diese mittels Ammoniak in die Aminomethy- len-Verbindung und letztere .durch Ring schluss in 2, 4-Di!oxo-3,
3-dimsthyl-tetrahy- dro-pyridin überführt, dass man dieses mit einem Methylierungsmittel behandelt und schliesslich das entstandene 1, 3, 3-Trime- thyl-2, 4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridin hydriert. Das 1, 3, 3-Trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperidin ist farblos.
Es mischt sich mit Wasser in jedem Verhältnis mit neutraler Reaktion und löst sich in den gebräuchlichen organischen Lösungsmitteln leicht. Es siedet unter 13 mm bei 137 bis 138 C und schmilzt bei 37 bis 38 C. Sein Phenylhydrazon schmilzt bei 166 bis 168 C.
Die neue Verbindung soll als Arznei mittel verwendet werden.
Beispiel: Ein Gemisch von 158 Gewichtsteilen a, a-Dimethyl-acetessigester und 102 Ge- wichtsteilen Ameisensäure-methylester wird innert zwei Stunden unter gutem Rühren zu einer Aufschlämmung von 24 Gewichtsteilen Natriumpulver in 800 Gewichtsteile Toluol bei etwa 15 C laufen gelassen und 20 Stunden bei etwa 18 C
weitergerührt.
Das Natriumsalz des. y-Oxymethylen-a,a- dimethyl-acetessigesters fällt aus und bil det eine gallertartige Masse, während die Natriumkügelchen langsam verschwinden.
Das feste Natriumsalz wird nun abge- nutscht und das Toluolfiltrat 3mal mit je 100 Gewichtsteilen Wasser ausgeschüttelt. Das feste Natriumsalz und der wässrige Auszug werden mit 80 Gewichtsteilen Am monchlorid, 40 Gewichtsteilen 25 % iger Am moniaklösung und 600 Gewichtsteilen Ben zol unter Rühren 1 Stunde auf 65 C erhitzt.
Der entstehende y-Aminomethylen-a, a-di- methyl-acetessigester wird vom Benzol auf genommen. Dieses wird nach Beendigung der Umsetzung :abgetrennt und eingedampft.
Dem ölige Rückstand besteht zum grössten Teil aus y-Aminomethylen-a, .a-:dimethyl- acetessigester. 185 Gewichtsteile des rohen <I>y</I> - Aminomethylen - a,cu <I>-</I> dimethyl' - acetessig- esters werden in eine kalte Lösung von 24 Gewiehtsteil'en Natrium in 300 Volumteilen Methanol gegossen und 15 Minuten bei 20 C stehen gelassen,
wobei sich das Na- triumsalz des 2, 4-Diogo-3, 3-dimethyl-tetra- hydropyridins bildet. Die durch Ansäuern gewonnene freie Tetra;hydroipyridinverbin- dung schmilzt bei 99 bis 100 C.
Das rohe Reaktionsgemisch wird mit 400 Volumteilen Methanol verdünnt und mit 132 Gewichtsteilen Dimethylsulfat bei 25 bis 30 C methyliert. Nach dem Abdampfen des Methanols wird der ölige Rückstand in Ben zol aufgenommen und vom ungelösten :Salz durch Filtration getrennt.
Die Benzollösung wird im Vakuum ein gedampft und -der Rückstand,,das 1, 3, 3-Tri- methyl-2, 4-dioxo-tetrahydro-pyridin, als gel bes, wasserlösliches 001 bei 13 mm und 120 biss <B>HO' C</B> destilliert.
500 Gewichtsteile 1, 3, 3-Trimethyl-2, 4- dioxo-tetrahydropyridin werden in 1000 Vo- lumteilen Methanol gelöst und mit 1,5 Ge wichtsteilen Palladiummetall (als Pd-Kohle 1 %) bei 30 C und Atmosphärendruck hy- driert.
Nach dem Nutsthen und Einengen .destil liert das 1, 3, 3-Trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperi- din unter 13 mm bei 137 bis 138 C.
Process for the preparation of an anti-epileptic drug. In 1919, phenylethylbarbituric acid was introduced into therapy as the first anti-epileptic that did not contain bromine.
It is not only effective against epilepsy, but also a strong sleep aid. At the usual doses for the treatment of epilepsy, however, the sleep-inducing properties of an anti-epileptic are ineffective. To enable epileptics to work that is neither addicted to or disturbed by seizures nor by constant visual sleep,
you have to be given a specific anti-epileptic drug without sleep-inducing effects. The extensive synthetic work in this area has resulted in valuable preparations such as, 1-14-ethyl-5-pheny 1- 5-ethyl-barbituric acid, diphenylhydantoin, 3, a, 5-trimethyl-oxazolinedione- (2, 4), guided.
A new anti-epileptic, which has a constitution that would make one expect a sleep-inducing effect, but actually does not show any, was found in 1,3,3-trimethyl-2,4-dioxo, -piperidine. Animals pretreated with low doses of this only slightly toxic compound (5.0 g (kg can be tolerated) are protected against normally vigorous cramps after administration of Ca.rdiazole (25 mg / kg rabbit iv) without being drowsy or drowsy.
After the same pre-treatment, a stronger electric current must be passed through the cats' brains until cramps occur than without pre-treatment. It is known that y-aminomethylene-a, a-dialkyl-acetic acid ester in 2, 4-dioxo-3, 3-dialkyl-tetra-hydropyridines, this by alkylation in 1, 3, 3-trialkyl-2,
4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridines and these by hydrogenation in 1, 3, 3-trialkyl-2, 4-dioxo @ piperidines over. However, up to now only compounds have been produced by this process which have higher alkyl radicals, at least ethyl radicals, in the 3-position.
These compounds are, however, unsuitable for the treatment of epilepsy because of their sleep-inducing effect. It was not foreseeable that the 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperidine would prove to be an excellent anti-epileptic despite the lack of sleep effects. Due to its miscibility in water, it can be administered in any desired form.
It can also be endured by humans without any side effects. The, 1,3,3-trimethyl-2,4-dioxo-piperidine is obtained according to the invention by one. a, a.-Dimethyl-acetic acid ester by treatment with a formic acid ester in its oxymethylene compound., This with ammonia into the aminomethylene compound and the latter. by ring closure in 2, 4-Di! oxo-3,
3-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyridine is converted by treating it with a methylating agent and finally hydrogenating the 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridine formed. The 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperidine is colorless.
It mixes with water in any ratio with a neutral reaction and easily dissolves in common organic solvents. It boils below 13 mm at 137 to 138 C and melts at 37 to 38 C. Its phenylhydrazone melts at 166 to 168 C.
The new compound is intended to be used as a medicine.
Example: A mixture of 158 parts by weight of α, α-dimethyl acetic acid ester and 102 parts by weight of methyl formate is run within two hours with thorough stirring to form a suspension of 24 parts by weight of sodium powder in 800 parts by weight of toluene at about 15 ° C. and at about 15 ° C. for 20 hours about 18 C
stirred further.
The sodium salt of γ-oxymethylene a, a-dimethyl acetic acid ester precipitates out and forms a gelatinous mass, while the sodium globules slowly disappear.
The solid sodium salt is then filtered off with suction and the toluene filtrate is extracted 3 times with 100 parts by weight of water each time. The solid sodium salt and the aqueous extract are heated with 80 parts by weight of ammonium chloride, 40 parts by weight of 25% ammonia solution and 600 parts by weight of benzene at 65 ° C. for 1 hour while stirring.
The resulting γ-aminomethylene-a, a-dimethyl-acetacetic ester is taken up by the benzene. After the reaction has ended, this is: separated off and evaporated.
The oily residue consists for the most part of γ-aminomethylene-a, .a-: dimethyl acetic acid ester. 185 parts by weight of the crude <I> y </I> - aminomethylene - a, cu <I> - </I> dimethyl '- acetic acid ester are poured into a cold solution of 24 parts by weight of sodium in 300 parts by volume of methanol and 15 Left to stand for minutes at 20 C,
the sodium salt of 2,4-diogo-3, 3-dimethyl-tetrahydropyridine is formed. The free tetrahydro-pyridine compound obtained by acidification melts at 99 to 100 C.
The crude reaction mixture is diluted with 400 parts by volume of methanol and methylated with 132 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfate at 25 to 30.degree. After the methanol has evaporated, the oily residue is taken up in benzene and separated from the undissolved salt by filtration.
The benzene solution is evaporated in vacuo and the residue, the 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridine, as a yellow, water-soluble 001 at 13 mm and 120 to <B> HO 'C </B> distilled.
500 parts by weight of 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2,4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridine are dissolved in 1000 parts by volume of methanol and hydrogenated with 1.5 parts by weight of palladium metal (as Pd-carbon 1%) at 30 ° C. and atmospheric pressure.
After grooving and concentrating, the 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-piperidine is distilled below 13 mm at 137 to 138 C.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH256347T | 1947-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH256347A true CH256347A (en) | 1948-08-15 |
Family
ID=4471628
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH256347D CH256347A (en) | 1947-06-12 | 1947-06-12 | Process for the preparation of an anti-epileptic drug. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH256347A (en) |
-
1947
- 1947-06-12 CH CH256347D patent/CH256347A/en unknown
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