CH335854A - Process for the production of polyamide rods - Google Patents
Process for the production of polyamide rodsInfo
- Publication number
- CH335854A CH335854A CH335854DA CH335854A CH 335854 A CH335854 A CH 335854A CH 335854D A CH335854D A CH 335854DA CH 335854 A CH335854 A CH 335854A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- rods
- production
- polyamide
- free
- cooling
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/42—Casting under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/38—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/06—Rods, e.g. connecting rods, rails, stakes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyamidstäben
Es ist bekannt, Stäbe sowie auch andere Profile aus Polyamiden zu fertigen, und zwar so, dass man zunächst das Polymere herstellt und dieses durch Giessen, Pressen oder Extrusion in die gewünschte Form bringt. Dazu bedient man sich entweder der Schneckenpresse oder der Spinnpumpe, die das verflüssigte Polymere in Formen presst, die dann meistens unter dem Druck des flüssigen Polymeren abgekühlt werden. Diese Verfahren werden sowohl kontinuierlich wie diskontinuierlich ausgeübt, besitzen jedoch insofern einen Nachteil, dass stets vom Polymeren ausgegangen wird und Polymerisation und Verformung in verschiedenen Apparaturen und Vorrichtungen erfolgt.
Besonders wenn das Polymere wie dies meistens geschieht - nach seiner Darstellung zunächst in Monofils verformt, gehackt und getrocknet werden muss und anschliessend zur Herstellung von Profilen erneut geschmolzen und verarbeitet wird, ergeben sich wesentliche Nachteile gegenüber einem Verfahren, das in der Lage ist, Polymerisation und Profilierung gleichzeitig durchzuführen. Die Herstellung blasen- und lunkerfreier Stäbe aus Polyamiden ist durch einfaches Giessen infolge der viskosen Konsistenz der Schmelze und der grossen Schrumpfung beim Übergang flüssig-fest nicht möglich.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist nun ein Verfahren, das es gestattet, die verschiedensten Polyamide in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang, vom Monomeren ausgehend, in die gewünschten fertigen Stäbe umzuwandeln. Hierzu wird beispielsweise Caprolactam mit einem Polymerisationsbeschleuniger in zylindrische Formen aus Metall gefüllt und in einem mit Stickstoff oder einem andern inerten Gas gefüllten Autoklaven polymerisiert. Anschliessend erfolgt unter dem Druck von Stickstoff oder Inertgas die Abkühlung, die so geführt werden muss, dass die Formen von unten nach oben allmählich auskühlen, wobei der obere Teil des in der Form befindlichen Polyamids so lange flüssig gehalten wird, bis der Inhalt der Formen fast vollständig erstarrt ist. Zweckmässig wendet man Drucke von 10-30 atü an, ohne dass aber durch diese Angabe das Verfahren auf bestimmte Drucke eingeschränkt werden soll.
Die Formen sind zweckmässig aus einem geschliffenen oder polierten Edelstahl und können entweder geteilt oder ungeteilt sein. Das Druckgefäss besteht zweckmässig aus einem zylindrischen Innenteil, in den die Formen, gefüllt mit den Monomeren, eingesetzt werden, einer Aussenheizung und einem spiralig angeordneten Kühlmantel für Luftkühlung. Der Autoklav ist zweckmässig so konstruiert, dass sowohl die Erwärmung wie auch die Abkühlung stufenweise von unten nach oben geführt werden kann, wobei es angebracht ist, die einzelnen Heizzonen automatisch zu schalten.
An das Druckgefäss ist vorteilhafterweise eine Va kuumpumpe angeschlossen, um sowohl eine Evakuierung vor der Füllung mit Inertgas vorzunehmen als auch die Beendigung der Polymerisation gewisser Polyamidtypen zu beschleunigen. Der besondere Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt ausserdem darin, dass zu gleicher Zeit Stäbe verschiedener Art und verschiedenen Durchmessers in einer Apparatur gefertigt werden können, dass ausserdem auch ohne Schwierigkeit solche Polyamidtypen verformt werden können, die infolge ihrer Temperaturempfindlichkeit ein mehrmaliges Elshitzen und eine Verarbeitung in der Schneckenpresse schlecht vertragen. Das Verfahren liefert absolut homogene, spannungs-, lunker- und blasenfreie Stäbe.
Process for the production of polyamide rods
It is known to manufacture rods and also other profiles from polyamides, namely in such a way that the polymer is first produced and this is brought into the desired shape by casting, pressing or extrusion. Either the screw press or the spinning pump is used for this, which presses the liquefied polymer into molds, which are then usually cooled under the pressure of the liquid polymer. These processes are carried out both continuously and discontinuously, but have a disadvantage in that they always start from the polymer and polymerization and shaping take place in different apparatuses and devices.
Especially when the polymer, as it usually happens - according to its representation first has to be shaped into monofilaments, chopped and dried and then melted and processed again to produce profiles, there are significant disadvantages compared to a process that is capable of polymerisation and Perform profiling at the same time. The production of bubble-free and void-free rods from polyamides by simple casting is not possible due to the viscous consistency of the melt and the great shrinkage at the liquid-solid transition.
The subject matter of the invention is a process which allows a wide variety of polyamides to be converted into the desired finished rods in a single operation, starting from the monomer. For this purpose, for example, caprolactam is filled with a polymerization accelerator into cylindrical metal molds and polymerized in an autoclave filled with nitrogen or another inert gas. This is followed by cooling under the pressure of nitrogen or inert gas, which must be carried out in such a way that the molds gradually cool down from bottom to top, with the upper part of the polyamide in the mold being kept liquid until the contents of the molds are almost completely is completely solidified. It is advisable to use prints of 10-30 atmospheres, but without this specification being intended to limit the process to specific prints.
The shapes are expediently made of a ground or polished stainless steel and can either be divided or undivided. The pressure vessel expediently consists of a cylindrical inner part in which the molds, filled with the monomers, are inserted, an external heater and a spirally arranged cooling jacket for air cooling. The autoclave is expediently designed in such a way that both the heating and the cooling can be carried out in stages from bottom to top, whereby it is advisable to switch the individual heating zones automatically.
A vacuum pump is advantageously connected to the pressure vessel in order to both carry out an evacuation before filling with inert gas and to accelerate the completion of the polymerization of certain types of polyamide. The particular advantage of the process is that rods of different types and diameters can be manufactured in one apparatus at the same time, and that polyamide types can also be formed without difficulty which, due to their temperature sensitivity, require repeated heating and processing in the screw press poorly tolerated. The process delivers absolutely homogeneous rods free of tension, voids and bubbles.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE335854X | 1954-11-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH335854A true CH335854A (en) | 1959-01-31 |
Family
ID=6219748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH335854D CH335854A (en) | 1954-11-25 | 1955-10-06 | Process for the production of polyamide rods |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH335854A (en) |
-
1955
- 1955-10-06 CH CH335854D patent/CH335854A/en unknown
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