CH367281A - Process for the preparation of salts of basic antibiotics and amino acids - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of salts of basic antibiotics and amino acidsInfo
- Publication number
- CH367281A CH367281A CH5954658A CH5954658A CH367281A CH 367281 A CH367281 A CH 367281A CH 5954658 A CH5954658 A CH 5954658A CH 5954658 A CH5954658 A CH 5954658A CH 367281 A CH367281 A CH 367281A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- salts
- amino acids
- antibiotic
- salt
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 26
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- ASXBYYWOLISCLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrostreptomycin Natural products O1C(CO)C(O)C(O)C(NC)C1OC1C(CO)(O)C(C)OC1OC1C(N=C(N)N)C(O)C(N=C(N)N)C(O)C1O ASXBYYWOLISCLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ASXBYYWOLISCLQ-HZYVHMACSA-N dihydrostreptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](CO)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O ASXBYYWOLISCLQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960002222 dihydrostreptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-leucine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930193140 Neomycin Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- OZKXLOZHHUHGNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Viomycin Natural products NCCCC(N)CC(=O)NC1CNC(=O)C(=CNC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC1=O)C2CC(O)NC(=N)N2 OZKXLOZHHUHGNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 108010015940 Viomycin Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004927 neomycin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229950001272 viomycin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- GXFAIFRPOKBQRV-GHXCTMGLSA-N viomycin Chemical compound N1C(=O)\C(=C\NC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C[C@@H](N)CCCN)CNC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1NC(=N)N[C@@H](O)C1 GXFAIFRPOKBQRV-GHXCTMGLSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CZWJCQXZZJHHRH-YCRXJPFRSA-N 2-[(1r,2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-3-(diaminomethylideneamino)-4-[(2r,3r,4r,5s)-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(methylamino)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxy-2,5,6-trihydroxycyclohexyl]guanidine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](CO)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](CO)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O CZWJCQXZZJHHRH-YCRXJPFRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940014662 pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 vitamin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Aminoacetate Chemical compound NCC([O-])=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N N-acetyl-L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(C)=O XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001162 dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- VCCNKWWXYVWTLT-CYZBKYQRSA-N 7-[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C(OC1=C2)=CC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C2O[C@H]1[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 VCCNKWWXYVWTLT-CYZBKYQRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical class [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-cystine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](N)CSSC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195714 L-glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-acetylmethionine Chemical compound CSCCC(C(O)=O)NC(C)=O XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010029155 Nephropathy toxic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010040201 Polymyxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ULXKXLZEOGLCRJ-BYPYZUCNSA-N S-ethyl-L-cysteine zwitterion Chemical compound CCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O ULXKXLZEOGLCRJ-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000403 acute toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007059 acute toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001371 alpha-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008206 alpha-amino acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteamine Chemical compound NCCS UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001903 ergotamine tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960003350 isoniazid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000636 lethal dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003151 mercaptamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methioninate Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C([O-])=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099459 n-acetylmethionine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007694 nephrotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000417 nephrotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000189 neurotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002887 neurotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
Procédé de préparation de sels d'antibiotiques basiques et d'aminoacides La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation de sels d'antibiotiques basiques et d'aminoacides. Ces sels présentent généralement une plus grande activité pharmacologique ou une plus faible toxicité que les sels d'antibiotiques connus.
L'emploi des antibiotiques en thérapeutique moderne a augmenté énormément et ceci est attri- buable aux résultats souvent spectaculaires obtenus avec ces produits. Toutefois, ils ne sont pas absolu ment exempts d'effets secondaires ou de réactions toxiques et leur usage en fortes doses pendant de longues durées peut produire des effets toxiques très sérieux.
La titulaire a décrit dans son brevet suisse No 350760 quelques nouveaux composés d'antibioti ques et de vitamines qui se sont révélés être moins neurotoxiques que les sels d'antibiotiques utilisés cou ramment.
En dehors des vitamines, de nombreuses autres substances ont été essayées en vue de réduire la toxicité des antibiotiques. Uniquement pour la réduc tion de la neurotoxicité de la streptomycine, les com posés suivants ont été essayés: les antihistaminiques, le tartrate d'ergotamine, la cystéamine, l'isoniazide, le 2,4-créosotate de sodium, l'acide glutamique, la leucine, l'acéthylméthionine, la choline, le fructose et les sels de calcium, de magnésium, de zinc et de cuivre.
Dans la plupart des cas, les résultats sont négatifs et dans d'autres, contradictoires, en raison des différences dans les méthodes d'évaluation.
D'autre part, E. I. Short (Brit. J. Pharmacol., 7, 248, 1952) décrit que la méthionine réduit la né- phrotoxicité de la polymyxine A et dans bien des cas, la toxicité de remèdes a pu être réduite grâce à l'administration simultanée de cystine, de cystéine, de méthionine, de glycine et d'acide glutamique.
Le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'on fait réagir un antibiotique basique ou un sel de celui-ci avec un aminoacide ou un sel de celui-ci.
Les sels peuvent être préparés par neutralisation en milieu aqueux ou non aqueux de la base d'anti biotique par l'aminoacide.
Ils peuvent en outre être obtenus - par double décomposition entre un sel d'antibiotique et un sel d'aminoacide, de préférence entre un sulfate d'anti biotique et un sel alcalino-terreux d'aminoacide, car le sulfate alcalino-terreux produit peut être aisément séparé.
Les sels d'antibiotiques et d'aminoacides sont généralement séparés de leurs solutions aqueuses par séchage par réfrigération ou par évaporation à sec sous pression réduite et à température ordinaire. Ils peuvent également être isolés par précipitation directe avec de l'acétone ou par dilution de solutions très concentrées avec de l'alcool méthylique avant l'addi tion d'acétone.
Les sels sont en général très solubles dans l'eau, moins dans les alcools et insolubles dans l'acétone et la plupart des solvants organiques. Leurs solutions aqueuses sont normalement légèrement alcalines, sauf lorsque l'aminoacide utilisé est un N-acyl-aminoacide.
On préfère en général les acides a-aminés, tels que l'acide aspartique, l'acide glutamique, la glycine, la leucine, l'alanine, la thréonine, la méthionine, etc., de même que leurs dérivés N-acyles (par exemple la N-acétyl-méthionine). Le tableau ci-dessous indique les valeurs de toxi cité de certains des sels obtenus par mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.
Les toxicités aiguës ont été déterminées, intraveineusement, sur des souris blanches. Exprimées en milligrammes de base anti- biotique pour 20 g de poids du corps, elles repré sentent la dose létale pour 50 % des souris traitées.
A titre de comparaison, le tableau comprend également le sulfate et le pantothénate de dihydro- streptomycine.
EMI0002.0012
Tableau
<tb> <I>Sels <SEP> de <SEP> dihydrostreptomycine</I>
<tb> Sels <SEP> Formules <SEP> Activité <SEP> Toxicité
<tb> antibiotique <SEP> aiguë <SEP> LD50
<tb> Glycinate <SEP> <B>------------ <SEP> -------</B> <SEP> ... <SEP> ._.. <SEP> .........
<tb> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3029502N <SEP> 721 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> 3,38
<tb> Dlrleuclnate <SEP> ......... <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7 <SEP> # <SEP> 3C<B>6</B>HI302N <SEP> 597 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> 3,94
<tb> L-glutamate <SEP> <B>....... <SEP> ---------</B> <SEP> ..... <SEP> ....._ <SEP> C21H41012N7.
<SEP> 3C5H904N <SEP> 569 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> 3,74
<tb> L-méthioninate <SEP> ..................... <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3C5H1102NS <SEP> 566 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> 4,12
<tb> N-acétyl-DL-méthioninate <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3C7H1303NS <SEP> 504 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> 3,32
<tb> S-éthyl-L-cystéinate <SEP> ..._ <SEP> ........... <SEP> . <SEP> I <SEP> C21H41012N7 <SEP> . <SEP> 3C5H1102NS <SEP> 566 <SEP> y/mg <SEP> I <SEP> <B>3,17</B>
<tb> Sulfate <SEP> .................. <SEP> <B><U>.....................</U></B> <SEP> ... <SEP> \ <SEP> 3,18
<tb> Pantothénate <SEP> ......... <SEP> . <SEP> . <SEP> .. <SEP> ...
<SEP> 3,80 On voit que les nouveaux sels de dihydrostrep- tomycine sont moins toxiques que le sulfate, qui est le sel le plus couramment utilisé dans le traitement de la tuberculose. Certains des sels sont même moins toxiques que le pantothénate qui était le sel le moins toxique déjà connu.
Le S-éthyl-L-cystéinate, bien qu'aussi toxique que le sulfate, a pour avantage que la S-éthyl-L-cystéine est un tuberculostatique (M. So- lotorovsky et autres, American Review of Tubercu- losis, <I>70,</I> 806, 1954).
Exemple 1 Glycinate <I>de</I> dihydrostreptomycine Une solution de 2,00 gm de base dihydrostrepto- mycine dans 6 ml d'eau est neutralisée avec 0,77 gin de glycine dissoute dans 5 ml du même solvant. La solution est clarifiée si besoin est et séchée par réfri gération. Une poudre fine contenant 72,1 % de di- hydrostreptomycine est obtenue.
Pour l'analyse, la substance est séchée à 100 , sous vide poussé sur du pentoxyde de phosphore.
EMI0002.0043
<I>Analyse</I>
<tb> Calculé <SEP> pour: <SEP> Cz7H56018N@O
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 40,09 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 6,98 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP> =17,32 <SEP> % <SEP> ;
<tb> Trouvé
<tb> C=39,99 <SEP> % <SEP> -H= <SEP> 7,14 <SEP> % <SEP> -N=17,15 <SEP> %.
Exemple 2 Méthioninate <I>de</I> dihydrostreptomycine A 0,075 mole de méthioninate de baryum dans environ 285 ml d'eau, on ajoute une solution aqueuse concentrée de 36,535 g de sulfate de dihydrostrepto- mycine. Après 30 minutes, on filtre le précipité à l'aide d'un produit de marque l'Hyflo-Supercel y (un auxiliaire de filtre fabriqué par la société John Mans- ville Corp., New York, N.
Y., USA) et on concentre sous pression réduite dans un évaporateur instantané. On dissout le sirop obtenu dans 5 fois son volume d'alcool méthylique et, ensuite, on ajoute un excès d'au moins 10 volumes d'acétone. On recueille le précipité blanc obtenu et on le sèche sur du chlorure de calcium jusqu'à ce que sa teneur en humidité soit inférieure à 4%.
L'activité antibiotique du produit est de 566 mg de base de dihydrostreptomycine par gramme de sel sec.
EMI0002.0063
<I>Analyse</I>
<tb> Calculé <SEP> pour <SEP> : <SEP> CWH74018NIOS3
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 41,93 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 7,23 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP> = <SEP> 13,58 <SEP> % <SEP> ;
<tb> Trouvé
<tb> C=42,16%-H=7,61%-N=13,47%. Exemple 3 <I>Glutamate de</I> dihydrostreptomycine A une solution de 23,663 gln d'octohydrate d'hy droxyde de baryum, on ajoute, avec agitation, 22,069 gin d'acide glutamique.
Après dissolution complète, on ajoute avec agitation 36,535 gm de sul fate de dihydrostreptomycine dans 35 ml d'eau.
On laisse reposer pendant 1 heure, puis on cen- trifuge et on évapore à sec le liquide surnageant sous un bon vide et à des températures n'excédant pas 40o C. On déshydrate partiellement le résidu vis queux par l'addition d'un grand volume d'acétone et on le broie dans un mortier avec plus d'acétone jusqu'à ce qu'il se transforme en poudre. On sèche dans un dessicateur.
EMI0003.0002
<I>Analyse</I>
<tb> Calculé <SEP> pour: <SEP> C3sH330,,4N1o
<tb> C=42,18% <SEP> -H=6,69% <SEP> -N=13,67% <SEP> ;
<tb> Trouvé
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 42,40 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 6,97 <SEP> % <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP> =13,40 <SEP> % <SEP> .
Process for preparing salts of basic antibiotics and amino acids The present invention relates to a process for preparing salts of basic antibiotics and amino acids. These salts generally exhibit greater pharmacological activity or lower toxicity than the salts of known antibiotics.
The use of antibiotics in modern therapy has increased enormously and this is attributable to the often spectacular results obtained with these products. However, they are not absolutely free from side effects or toxic reactions, and their use in large doses for long periods of time can produce very serious toxic effects.
The patentee described in its Swiss Patent No. 350760 some new antibiotic and vitamin compounds which have been shown to be less neurotoxic than commonly used antibiotic salts.
Apart from vitamins, many other substances have been tried to reduce the toxicity of antibiotics. Only for the reduction of the neurotoxicity of streptomycin, the following compounds have been tested: antihistamines, ergotamine tartrate, cysteamine, isoniazid, sodium 2,4-creosotate, glutamic acid, leucine, acetylmethionine, choline, fructose and the salts of calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper.
In most cases the results are negative and in others contradictory, due to differences in assessment methods.
On the other hand, EI Short (Brit. J. Pharmacol., 7, 248, 1952) describes that methionine reduces the nephrotoxicity of polymyxin A and in many cases the toxicity of remedies could be reduced thanks to simultaneous administration of cystine, cysteine, methionine, glycine and glutamic acid.
The process according to the invention is characterized in that a basic antibiotic or a salt thereof is reacted with an amino acid or a salt thereof.
The salts can be prepared by neutralization in aqueous or non-aqueous medium of the antibiotic base with the amino acid.
They can furthermore be obtained - by double decomposition between an antibiotic salt and an amino acid salt, preferably between an antibiotic sulfate and an alkaline earth salt of amino acid, since the alkaline earth sulfate produced can be easily separated.
Salts of antibiotics and amino acids are generally separated from their aqueous solutions by refrigeration drying or by evaporation to dryness under reduced pressure and at room temperature. They can also be isolated by direct precipitation with acetone or by dilution of highly concentrated solutions with methyl alcohol before the addition of acetone.
The salts are in general very soluble in water, less in alcohols and insoluble in acetone and most organic solvents. Their aqueous solutions are normally slightly alkaline, except when the amino acid used is an N-acyl-amino acid.
In general, α-amino acids, such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, alanine, threonine, methionine, etc., are preferred, as are their N-acyl derivatives ( for example N-acetyl-methionine). The table below indicates the toxicity values of some of the salts obtained by carrying out the process according to the invention.
Acute toxicities were determined, intravenously, in white mice. Expressed in milligrams of antibiotic base per 20 g of body weight, they represent the lethal dose for 50% of the mice treated.
For comparison, the table also includes dihydro-streptomycin sulfate and pantothenate.
EMI0002.0012
Board
<tb> <I> Salts <SEP> of <SEP> dihydrostreptomycin </I>
<tb> Salts <SEP> Formulas <SEP> Activity <SEP> Toxicity
<tb> antibiotic <SEP> acute <SEP> LD50
<tb> Glycinate <SEP> <B> ------------ <SEP> ------- </B> <SEP> ... <SEP> ._ .. < SEP> .........
<tb> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3029502N <SEP> 721 <SEP> y / mg <SEP> 3.38
<tb> Dlrleuclnate <SEP> ......... <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7 <SEP> # <SEP> 3C <B> 6 </B> HI302N <SEP> 597 < SEP> y / mg <SEP> 3.94
<tb> L-glutamate <SEP> <B> ....... <SEP> --------- </B> <SEP> ..... <SEP> .... ._ <SEP> C21H41012N7.
<SEP> 3C5H904N <SEP> 569 <SEP> y / mg <SEP> 3.74
<tb> L-methioninate <SEP> ..................... <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3C5H1102NS <SEP> 566 <SEP> y / mg <SEP> 4.12
<tb> N-acetyl-DL-methioninate <SEP> ..... <SEP> C21H41012N7. <SEP> 3C7H1303NS <SEP> 504 <SEP> y / mg <SEP> 3.32
<tb> S-ethyl-L-cysteinate <SEP> ..._ <SEP> ........... <SEP>. <SEP> I <SEP> C21H41012N7 <SEP>. <SEP> 3C5H1102NS <SEP> 566 <SEP> y / mg <SEP> I <SEP> <B> 3.17 </B>
<tb> Sulfate <SEP> .................. <SEP> <B> <U> ................ ..... </U> </B> <SEP> ... <SEP> \ <SEP> 3.18
<tb> Pantothenate <SEP> ......... <SEP>. <SEP>. <SEP> .. <SEP> ...
<SEP> 3.80 The new salts of dihydrostreptomycin are seen to be less toxic than sulfate, which is the salt most commonly used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Some of the salts are even less toxic than pantothenate which was the least toxic salt already known.
S-ethyl-L-cysteinate, although as toxic as sulfate, has the advantage that S-ethyl-L-cysteine is a tuberculostat (M. So-lotorovsky et al., American Review of Tuberculosis, < I> 70, </I> 806, 1954).
Example 1 <I> de </I> dihydrostreptomycin glycinate A solution of 2.00 gm of dihydrostreptomycin base in 6 ml of water is neutralized with 0.77 gin of glycine dissolved in 5 ml of the same solvent. The solution is clarified if necessary and dried by refrigeration. A fine powder containing 72.1% of dihydrostreptomycin is obtained.
For analysis, the substance is dried at 100, under high vacuum over phosphorus pentoxide.
EMI0002.0043
<I> Analysis </I>
<tb> Calculated <SEP> for: <SEP> Cz7H56018N @ O
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 40.09 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 6.98 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP > = 17.32 <SEP>% <SEP>;
<tb> Found
<tb> C = 39.99 <SEP>% <SEP> -H = <SEP> 7.14 <SEP>% <SEP> -N = 17.15 <SEP>%.
Example 2 <I> de </I> dihydrostreptomycin methioninate To 0.075 moles of barium methioninate in approximately 285 ml of water, a concentrated aqueous solution of 36.535 g of dihydrostreptomycin sulphate is added. After 30 minutes, the precipitate is filtered using a product of the brand Hyflo-Supercel y (a filter aid manufactured by John Mansville Corp., New York, N.
Y., USA) and concentrated under reduced pressure in a flash evaporator. The syrup obtained is dissolved in 5 times its volume of methyl alcohol, and then an excess of at least 10 volumes of acetone is added. The resulting white precipitate is collected and dried over calcium chloride until its moisture content is less than 4%.
The antibiotic activity of the product is 566 mg of dihydrostreptomycin base per gram of dry salt.
EMI0002.0063
<I> Analysis </I>
<tb> Calculated <SEP> for <SEP>: <SEP> CWH74018NIOS3
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 41.93 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 7.23 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP > = <SEP> 13.58 <SEP>% <SEP>;
<tb> Found
<tb> C = 42.16% -H = 7.61% -N = 13.47%. Example 3 <I> Dihydrostreptomycin Glutamate </I> To a solution of 23.663 gln of barium hydroxide octohydrate is added, with stirring, 22.069 gin of glutamic acid.
After complete dissolution, 36.535 gm of dihydrostreptomycin sulfate in 35 ml of water are added with stirring.
The mixture is left to stand for 1 hour, then centrifuged and the supernatant liquid is evaporated to dryness under good vacuum and at temperatures not exceeding 40 ° C. The viscous residue is partially dehydrated by the addition of a large amount of water. volume of acetone and grind it in a mortar with more acetone until it turns into a powder. It is dried in a desiccator.
EMI0003.0002
<I> Analysis </I>
<tb> Calculated <SEP> for: <SEP> C3sH330,, 4N1o
<tb> C = 42.18% <SEP> -H = 6.69% <SEP> -N = 13.67% <SEP>;
<tb> Found
<tb> C <SEP> = <SEP> 42.40 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> H <SEP> = <SEP> 6.97 <SEP>% <SEP> - <SEP> N <SEP > = 13.40 <SEP>% <SEP>.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PT3409857 | 1957-05-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH367281A true CH367281A (en) | 1963-02-15 |
Family
ID=20081590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH5954658A CH367281A (en) | 1957-05-17 | 1958-05-16 | Process for the preparation of salts of basic antibiotics and amino acids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH367281A (en) |
-
1958
- 1958-05-16 CH CH5954658A patent/CH367281A/en unknown
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