CH435460A - Gas discharge diode - Google Patents
Gas discharge diodeInfo
- Publication number
- CH435460A CH435460A CH1332563A CH1332563A CH435460A CH 435460 A CH435460 A CH 435460A CH 1332563 A CH1332563 A CH 1332563A CH 1332563 A CH1332563 A CH 1332563A CH 435460 A CH435460 A CH 435460A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- gas discharge
- gas
- filling
- discharge diode
- cone
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton xenon Chemical compound [Kr].[Xe] PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
- H01J61/90—Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation, e.g. flash lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
- H01J17/06—Cathodes
- H01J17/066—Cold cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
- H01J2893/0064—Tubes with cold main electrodes (including cold cathodes)
- H01J2893/0065—Electrode systems
- H01J2893/0066—Construction, material, support, protection and temperature regulation of electrodes; Electrode cups
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Description
Gasentladungsdiode Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gasentladungsdiode zur simultanen Erzeugung von elektrischen Impulsen und Lichtblitzen im Nanosekundenbereich. Ein solcher Impulsgeber kann Strom- und Lichtimpulse mit einer Anstiegszeit z < 10-1 s erzeugen.
Mit einem mechanischen Impulsgeber gelang es 1958 Kerns, Kirsten und Cox nahezu simultane Strom- und Lichtimpulse im Nanosekundenbereich zu erzeugen. Allerdings betrug dabei die Folgefrequenz der Impulse im Höchstfall einige 10= Hz. 1961 bauten Kerns und Cox eine Entladungsröhre, in der eine Koronaentladung Lichtblitze mit einer Anstiegszeit von etwa 10-9 s lie ferte.
Caplan und Stewart nutzten im gleichen Jahre eine von Malmberg 1957 untersuchte Gasentladung zur simultanen Erzeugung von Licht- und Stromimpulsen aus. Es handelt sich hierbei um eine Entladung zwischen Elektroden in einer Wasserstoffatmosphäre, die perio disch mit hohen Folgefrequenzen zündet. Caplan und Stewart massen der Reinheit des verwendeten Wasser stoffs grosse Bedeutung bei. Die angegebene Impulsan- stiegszeit von 1-10-9 s wurde mit einer Füllung er zielt, die man durch Destillation von flüssigem Wasser stoff erhält.
Die Elektrodenabstände betrugen 0,5 bis 2 mm und die Fülldrücke unter 1 atm. Bekannt ist auch die Verwendung von Edelgasen in Entladungsröhren, insbesondere von Xenon, mit einem Druck von über 10 atm sowie Xenon-Krypton von etwa 20 atm. Bisher verwendete Elektroden weisen kugelförmig bzw. spitz kegelige Enden auf, wobei der Spitzenwinkel kleiner als 90" war. Elektroden solcher Art sind auch bei Funken induktoren bekannt. Der Elektrodenabstand betrug 1 mm und weniger.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gasentladungs.röhre zu schaffen, mit der Impulsan- stiegszeiten unter 10-9 s bei geringstem Aufwand, ins besondere hinsichtlich der Reinheit des Füllgases er reicht werden können.
Die erfindungsgemässe Gasentladungsdiode zur simultanen Erzeugung von Strom- und Lichtimpulsen für den Nanosekundenbereich ist dadurch gekennzeich net, dass a) der Elektrodenabstand kleiner als 0,5 mm ist, b) der Fülldruck des Füllgases zumindest 760 Torr beträgt, c) die Elektroden stiftförmig sind, 2 mm Durchmes ser und 20 mm Länge aufweisen, und d) die Anode in .einem Kegel endet und das ihr ge genüberstehende Ende der Kathode abgerundet ist.
Die Erfindung soll nachstehend an einem Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel näher erläutert werden.
In einem Hartglaskolben sind zwei Wolframstifte von 2 mm Durchmesser und 20 mm Länge als Elektro den eingeglast. Der Elektrodenabstand beträgt 0,2 mm. Der Anodenstift endet in einem Kegel von 90 Öff nungswinkel, dessen Spitze schwach gerundet ist. Die Kathode stellt .eine Kugelkathode von 20 mm Krüm- mungsradius dar.
Bei dieser Elektrodengeometrie, Elek- trodenabständen kleiner als 0,2 mm und Drücken grös- ser als 760 Torr, werden Anstiegszeiten der Spannungs- und Lichtimpulse von einigen 10-19 s erreicht. Durch Variation des Elektrodenabstandes kann die Impulsan- stiegszeit verändert werden. Als Füllgas dient techni scher Wasserstoff von 1,5 atm. Andere Füllgase, insbe sondere Edelgase erscheinen ebenfalls geeignet.
Füllgase mit hoher Zündspannung, z. B. Argon, können bei ent sprechenden Drücken Impulsamplituden über 5 Ampere liefern. Eine spektrale Verschiebung .des Strahlungsma ximums der Lichtimpulse ist über einen veränderten Fülldruck möglich. Die Röhre liefert bei Betrieb Span nungsimpulse von 50 Volt an einem Arbeitswiderstand von 70 Ohm mit einer Folgefrequenz von einigen kHz.
Gas discharge diode The invention relates to a gas discharge diode for the simultaneous generation of electrical pulses and light flashes in the nanosecond range. Such a pulse generator can generate current and light pulses with a rise time of z <10-1 s.
With a mechanical pulse generator, Kerns, Kirsten and Cox succeeded in generating almost simultaneous current and light pulses in the nanosecond range. However, the repetition frequency of the pulses was at most a few 10 = Hz. In 1961, Kerns and Cox built a discharge tube in which a corona discharge delivered flashes of light with a rise time of about 10-9 s.
In the same year, Caplan and Stewart used a gas discharge investigated by Malmberg in 1957 to generate light and current pulses simultaneously. This is a discharge between electrodes in a hydrogen atmosphere, which ignites periodically with high repetition frequencies. Caplan and Stewart attach great importance to the purity of the hydrogen used. The indicated pulse rise time of 1-10-9 s was achieved with a filling that is obtained by distilling liquid hydrogen.
The electrode gaps were 0.5 to 2 mm and the filling pressures below 1 atm. The use of noble gases in discharge tubes, in particular xenon, with a pressure of over 10 atm and xenon-krypton of around 20 atm, is also known. Electrodes used up to now have spherical or pointed conical ends, the point angle being less than 90 ". Electrodes of this type are also known for spark inductors. The electrode spacing was 1 mm and less.
The invention is based on the object of creating a gas discharge tube with which pulse rise times of less than 10-9 s can be achieved with very little effort, in particular with regard to the purity of the filling gas.
The gas discharge diode according to the invention for the simultaneous generation of current and light pulses for the nanosecond range is characterized in that a) the electrode spacing is less than 0.5 mm, b) the filling pressure of the filling gas is at least 760 Torr, c) the electrodes are pen-shaped, 2 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length, and d) the anode ends in a cone and the end of the cathode opposite it is rounded.
The invention is to be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
Two tungsten pins with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 20 mm are glazed into a hard glass bulb as electrodes. The electrode spacing is 0.2 mm. The anode pin ends in a cone of 90 Publ opening angle, the tip of which is slightly rounded. The cathode is a spherical cathode with a radius of curvature of 20 mm.
With this electrode geometry, electrode spacing less than 0.2 mm and pressures greater than 760 Torr, rise times of the voltage and light pulses of a few 10-19 s are achieved. The pulse rise time can be changed by varying the distance between the electrodes. Technical hydrogen at 1.5 atm is used as the filling gas. Other filling gases, in particular special noble gases, also appear suitable.
Filling gases with high ignition voltage, e.g. B. argon, can deliver pulse amplitudes over 5 amps at ent speaking pressures. A spectral shift of the maximum radiation of the light pulses is possible by changing the filling pressure. During operation, the tube delivers voltage pulses of 50 volts at a load resistance of 70 ohms with a repetition frequency of a few kHz.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD8371763 | 1963-01-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH435460A true CH435460A (en) | 1967-05-15 |
Family
ID=5477834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1332563A CH435460A (en) | 1963-01-11 | 1963-10-29 | Gas discharge diode |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH435460A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS155056B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0408954A3 (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-05-15 | Yazaki Corporation | Gas-filled discharge tube |
-
1963
- 1963-10-29 CH CH1332563A patent/CH435460A/en unknown
-
1964
- 1964-01-11 CS CS19064A patent/CS155056B1/cs unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0408954A3 (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-05-15 | Yazaki Corporation | Gas-filled discharge tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS155056B1 (en) | 1974-05-30 |
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