CH477375A - Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolans - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolansInfo
- Publication number
- CH477375A CH477375A CH411065A CH411065A CH477375A CH 477375 A CH477375 A CH 477375A CH 411065 A CH411065 A CH 411065A CH 411065 A CH411065 A CH 411065A CH 477375 A CH477375 A CH 477375A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- mixtures
- pozzolans
- production
- mass
- shaped blocks
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 calcium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mischungen aus Puzzolanen Es ist bekannt, natürliche und künstliche Puzzolane, z. B. Trass, Santorinerle oder Flugasche, Schlacken usw., mit einem Anreger, z. B. Zement, Kalk oder Gips, zu mischen, wodurch eine Bildung von Hydraten aus Kalziumsilikaten, Kalziumaluminaten und Kalziumsul- foaluminaten eintritt, die in ihren physikalischen Eigen schaften dem Zementstein ähnlich sind.
Daher wurden bisher natürliche und künstliche Puzzolane als Zusatz zu Zement für die Erzielung besonderer Betoneigenschaf ten, z. B. Wasserdichte, geringere Abbindewärme usw., verwendet.
Unter Puzzolane werden dabei alle diejenigen was serbindenden Zusatzstoffe zum Beton verstanden, die zwar bei Wasserzugabe nicht selbständig erhärten, nach staubfeiner Vermahlung mit einem Anreger indessen ausgezeichnete hydraulische Bindemittel ergeben (nach Adolf Kleinlogel, Einflüsse auf Beton und Stahlbeton, Berlin 1950, S.199).
Im besonderen Fall der Verwendung von Aschen, wie Flugasche und Elektrofilterasche, sowie Schlacken, tritt jedoch bei der Hydratisierung eine starke Volu- mensvermehrung und nachfolgendes Schwinden ein, was bei der Verwendung als Bindemittel zu Sprengwirkungen bzw. schädlichen Schwinderscheinungen im Erzeugnis führt. Zufolge der Änderung des Volumens war es auch bisher nicht möglich, in befriedigender Weise Formsteine aus Aschen und dergleichen herzustellen.
Es wurde zwar schon vorgeschlagen, Leichtbauplatten aus einer Si- Stoff, Kalk bzw. kalkhaltige Stoffe und/oder Zement sowie gegebenenfalls Faserstoffe, Sägemehl oder der gleichen und unter Umständen kleine Mengen körniger Stoffe enthaltenden Masse herzustellen, wobei die Mör telmasse schwach gerösteten Si-Stoff in solcher Menge, z. B. 30 bis 50 0/0 oder mehr der Gesamtmasse, und entsprechende Mengen Wasser enthält, dass eine plasti sche Masse entsteht, die auf der Strangpresse zu Steinen, Blöcken oder dergleichen verformt wird.
Dieses Verfah ren, bei dem die Masse nach dem Anmachen mit Wasser ausserdem kurzzeitig gelagert wird, vermag möglicher weise für die angegebene Zusammensetzung befriedi- gende Ergebnisse zu liefern, bei anderen Puzzolanen, insbesondere Aschen und Schlacken, ist jedoch durch die Lagerung allein nur eine teilweise Herabsetzung der Treib- und Schwinderscheinungen möglich.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von bei erhöhter Temperatur erhärtbaren Mischungen, die bei der Erhärtung grosse Volumenstabilität aufwei sen, aus Puzzolanen, insbesondere Flugaschen, z. B. Elek- trofilteraschen oder Schlacken, und kalkigen und/oder sulfatischen Anregern, wobei die Mischungen nach Was serzugabe gelagert werden.
Die Erfindung bezweckt, die Treib- und Schwind- erscheinungen von Puzzolanen in weit wirkungsvollerer Weise zu beseitigen, als dies bisher möglich war, und erreicht dies in überraschend einfacher Weise dadurch, dass die Mischungen während der Lagerzeit erwärmt werden. Dabei kann die bei exotherm verlaufenden Prozessen entstehende Wärme ausgenützt werden, indem die Mischungen während ihrer Lagerzeit ohne äussere Wärmezufuhr gegen Wärmeabgabe abgeschirmt werden. Bei durchgeführten Versuchen hat sich eine Tempera turerhöhung der Mischungen von mindestens etwa 5 C und eine Lagerzeit von mindestens etwa 10 Minuten als günstig erwiesen.
Durch die Hintansetzung der Treib- und Schwind- erscheinungen ist es möglich geworden, die so gewon nene Masse zur Herstellung von Formlingen im Strang- pressverfahren zu verwenden, wobei es sich gezeigt hat, dass zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit und der Gleiteigen- schaften die Zugabe von Asbest und/oder Steinmehl zweckmässig ist. Auch eine Verwendung der Masse als Bindemittel für Zuschlagstoffe, z. B. Schlacke, Kies und dergleichen, ist möglich.
Als Beispiel für eine nach der Erfindung hergestellte Masse sei angeführt: Eine Mischung aus 80 % Asche,
15 % hydratisier- tem Kalk und 5 % Asbestfasern sowie Wasser wird nach Durchmischung etwa eine halbe bis eine ganze Stunde abgeschirmt gelagert, so dass die entstehende Wärme mindestens teilweise zur Erwärmung der Masse heran gezogen wird. Anschliessend kann diese Masse auf einer Vakuumstrangpresse verformt werden.
Nach der hierauf erfolgenden Erhärtung während 8 Stunden und einer Temperatur von 70-90 C erhält man eine Festigkeit der Formlinge von 150 bis 200 kp/cm2. Die Festigkeiten steigen innerhalb eines Jahres bis auf etwa 500 kp/cm2.
Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolans It is known to use natural and artificial pozzolans, e.g. B. trass, Santorini or fly ash, slag, etc., with a stimulator such. B. cement, lime or gypsum to mix, whereby a formation of hydrates from calcium silicates, calcium aluminates and calcium sulphoaluminates occurs, which are similar in their physical properties to cement stone.
Therefore, so far natural and artificial pozzolans as an additive to cement for the achievement of special concrete properties, z. B. waterproof, lower setting heat, etc., used.
Pozzolans are understood to mean all those binding additives to concrete that do not harden automatically when water is added, but produce excellent hydraulic binders after dusty grinding with a stimulator (according to Adolf Kleinlogel, Influences on Concrete and Reinforced Concrete, Berlin 1950, p.199) .
In the special case of using ashes, such as fly ash and electrostatic precipitator ash, as well as slags, however, a strong increase in volume and subsequent shrinkage occur during hydration, which when used as a binder leads to explosive effects or harmful shrinkage phenomena in the product. As a result of the change in volume, it was also not previously possible to produce molded bricks from ashes and the like in a satisfactory manner.
Although it has already been proposed to manufacture lightweight panels from a Si material, lime or calcareous substances and / or cement and possibly fibrous materials, sawdust or the same and possibly small amounts of granular substances containing mass, the mortar mass of slightly roasted Si material in such an amount, e.g. B. 30 to 50 0/0 or more of the total mass, and contains corresponding amounts of water that a plasti cal mass is formed, which is deformed on the extruder into stones, blocks or the like.
This process, in which the mass is also briefly stored after being mixed with water, may possibly give satisfactory results for the specified composition, but with other pozzolans, especially ashes and slag, storage alone is only partial Reduction of the floating and shrinkage phenomena possible.
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of hardenable mixtures at elevated temperature, which aufwei sen great volume stability during hardening, from pozzolans, especially fly ashes, z. B. Electrofilter ashes or slag, and calcareous and / or sulphatic stimulants, the mixtures being stored after adding water.
The aim of the invention is to eliminate the blowing and shrinking phenomena of pozzolans in a far more effective manner than was previously possible, and it achieves this in a surprisingly simple manner in that the mixtures are heated during the storage period. The heat generated during exothermic processes can be used by shielding the mixtures from heat emission during their storage time without external heat input. In tests carried out, a temperature increase of the mixtures of at least about 5 ° C. and a storage time of at least about 10 minutes have proven to be favorable.
By putting the expansion and shrinkage phenomena aside, it has become possible to use the mass obtained in this way for the production of moldings in the extrusion process, whereby it has been shown that to increase the strength and the sliding properties the addition of Asbestos and / or stone dust is appropriate. Use of the mass as a binder for aggregates, e.g. B. slag, gravel and the like is possible.
As an example of a mass produced according to the invention: A mixture of 80% ash,
After mixing, 15% hydrated lime and 5% asbestos fibers as well as water are stored in a shielded place for about half an hour to a full hour, so that the resulting heat is at least partially used to heat the mass. This mass can then be shaped on a vacuum extruder.
After hardening for 8 hours and a temperature of 70-90 ° C., the molded articles have a strength of 150 to 200 kg / cm2. The strength increases within one year to around 500 kp / cm2.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH411065A CH477375A (en) | 1965-03-22 | 1965-03-22 | Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolans |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH411065A CH477375A (en) | 1965-03-22 | 1965-03-22 | Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolans |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH477375A true CH477375A (en) | 1969-08-31 |
Family
ID=4269986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH411065A CH477375A (en) | 1965-03-22 | 1965-03-22 | Process for the preparation of mixtures of pozzolans |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH477375A (en) |
-
1965
- 1965-03-22 CH CH411065A patent/CH477375A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |