CH88687A - Method for the isolation of pilocarpine. - Google Patents
Method for the isolation of pilocarpine.Info
- Publication number
- CH88687A CH88687A CH88687DA CH88687A CH 88687 A CH88687 A CH 88687A CH 88687D A CH88687D A CH 88687DA CH 88687 A CH88687 A CH 88687A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- pilocarpine
- alkaloid
- extraction
- cell substance
- fat
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Isolierung von Pilocarpin. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Pilo- carpin aus pflanzlichem Ausgangsmaterial. zum Beispiel aus der Droge Folia Jaborandi oder aus einer Mischung von daraus bereite ten geeigneten Extrakten und natürlicher Zellsubstanz, z. B. Blattpulver.
Das Verfahren beruht darauf, dass man durch Zusatz von sauer wirkenden Reagentien (las Alkaloid in natürlicher Zellsubstanz gegenüber mit Wasser nicht mischbaren, niedrigsiedenden Fettlösungsmitteln fixiert, worauf man dem Material durch erschöpfende Vorextraktion mit einem dieser Fettlösungs mittel die löslichen, nichtbasischen Begleit stoffe des Alkaloides entzieht, dann das so vorgereinigte Extraktionsgut in neuen Men gen Fettlösungsmittel suspendiert und alka lisch macht,
worauf man das in Freiheit ge setzte Alkaloid aus der Zellsubstanz heraus löst und den so gewonnenen Extrakt bei nie driger Temperatur vollständig einengt. Das hinterbleibende schwerflüssige 01 enthält ne ben einer kleinen Menge nichtbasischer, in verdünnter Säure unlöslicher Stoffe das Pilo- carpin samt seinen Begleitalkaloiden;
es kann aus dem (iemisclie nach bekannten =Methoden, zum Beispiel durch Aufnehmen mit ver dünnter Salpetersäure und LTmkristallisieren seines Nitrates aus 90 %igem Alkohol, abge- tremit -und vollkommen rein erhalten werden.
Die Vorextraktion, namentlich das Aus ziehen des Blattfarbstoffes, wird beselileunigt und vollständiger durch Zusatz von 1 bis 7 'u -Alkohol. zu dem Fettlösungsmittel, ohne dass Alkaloid mit herausgelöst wird.
Beispiel: 2 kg feinr;epulv erte Jaborandiblä.tter wer den in der Iiug;elmiilile nach und nach mit 100 -r lauwarmer, 25 \oi-@er wässeriger Oxalsäni.-elösung vermischt. hierauf mit 1,2 Liter Benzol befeuehtet und dann im Perkolator mit Benzol, das 5 Vol.-Prozent Alkohol enthält,
ersehöpfend v orextrahiert. Man vermischt nun (las Extraktionsgut mit 300 -r technischer Magnesia, mazeriert mit Benzol ini Perkolator und extrahiert dann die in Freiheit -e5etzten Basen erschöpfend. Der zuletzt im Vakuum eingeengte Extrakt hinterlässt ein schwerflüssiges 01, das in ver dünnter Salpetersäure bis auf eine Spur niehtba.sischer Stoffe in Lösung gebracht wird.
Aus dem beim Eindampfen der wäs serigen Salzlösung erhaltenen kristallinischen Rohnitrat lässt sich reines Pilocarpinnitrat in guter Ausbeute durch Umkristallisieren aus 90 öigem Alkohol gewinnen.
Method for the isolation of pilocarpine. The present invention relates to a process for the production of pilocarpine from a vegetable starting material. For example from the drug Folia Jaborandi or from a mixture of suitable extracts prepared therefrom and natural cell substance, e.g. B. leaf powder.
The method is based on the fact that by adding acidic reagents (the alkaloid in natural cell substance is fixed against water-immiscible, low-boiling fat solvents, after which the soluble, non-basic accompanying substances of the alkaloid are removed from the material by exhaustive pre-extraction with one of these fat solvents , then the pre-cleaned extraction material is suspended in new amounts of fat solvent and rendered alkaline,
whereupon the released alkaloid is removed from the cell substance and the extract obtained in this way is completely concentrated at a low temperature. In addition to a small amount of non-basic substances which are insoluble in dilute acid, the remaining viscous oil contains pilocarpine and its accompanying alkaloids;
it can be extracted from the (iemisclie according to known = methods, for example by taking up with dilute nitric acid and crystallizing its nitrate from 90% alcohol, separated and obtained completely pure.
The pre-extraction, namely the pulling out of the leaf pigment, is made easier and more complete by the addition of 1 to 7% alcohol. to the fat solvent without the alkaloid being dissolved out.
Example: 2 kg of finely powdered Jaborandi leaves are gradually mixed with 100 r lukewarm, 25% aqueous oxaline solution in the course of the day. then moistened with 1.2 liters of benzene and then in the percolator with benzene, which contains 5 percent alcohol by volume,
consumed pre-extracted. The extraction material is then mixed with 300 -r technical magnesia, macerated with benzene in a percolator and then exhaustively extracted the bases left in the free state. The extract, which was finally concentrated in a vacuum, leaves behind a viscous oil which, in dilute nitric acid, disappears to a trace .sic substances is brought into solution.
Pure pilocarpine nitrate can be obtained in good yield from the crystalline crude nitrate obtained during evaporation of the aqueous salt solution by recrystallization from 90% alcohol.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH79578T | 1918-10-25 | ||
| CH88687T | 1918-10-25 | ||
| CH88697T | 1918-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH88687A true CH88687A (en) | 1921-03-16 |
Family
ID=27175894
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH88687D CH88687A (en) | 1918-10-25 | 1918-10-25 | Method for the isolation of pilocarpine. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH88687A (en) |
-
1918
- 1918-10-25 CH CH88687D patent/CH88687A/en unknown
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