CH88699A - Process for the preparation of an alkaloid preparation from Radix Ipecacuanha. - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of an alkaloid preparation from Radix Ipecacuanha.Info
- Publication number
- CH88699A CH88699A CH88699DA CH88699A CH 88699 A CH88699 A CH 88699A CH 88699D A CH88699D A CH 88699DA CH 88699 A CH88699 A CH 88699A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- alkaloid
- alkaloids
- cell substance
- extraction
- Prior art date
Links
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 7
- 244000284152 Carapichea ipecacuanha Species 0.000 title description 2
- 229960005208 ipecacuanha Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MBYXEBXZARTUSS-QLWBXOBMSA-N Emetamine Natural products O(C)c1c(OC)cc2c(c(C[C@@H]3[C@H](CC)CN4[C@H](c5c(cc(OC)c(OC)c5)CC4)C3)ncc2)c1 MBYXEBXZARTUSS-QLWBXOBMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AUVVAXYIELKVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000285215 Natural products N1CCC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2C1CC1CC2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2CC1CC AUVVAXYIELKVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AUVVAXYIELKVAI-CKBKHPSWSA-N emetine Chemical compound N1CCC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2[C@H]1C[C@H]1C[C@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C[C@@H]1CC AUVVAXYIELKVAI-CKBKHPSWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002694 emetine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- AUVVAXYIELKVAI-UWBTVBNJSA-N emetine Natural products N1CCC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2[C@H]1C[C@H]1C[C@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C[C@H]1CC AUVVAXYIELKVAI-UWBTVBNJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DTGZHCFJNDAHEN-YSFUMNCJSA-N Cephaeline Natural products O(C)c1c(OC)cc2c([C@H]3N(C[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](C[C@H]4NCCc5c4cc(OC)c(O)c5)C3)CC2)c1 DTGZHCFJNDAHEN-YSFUMNCJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- DTGZHCFJNDAHEN-OZEXIGSWSA-N cephaeline Chemical compound N1CCC2=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C2[C@H]1C[C@H]1C[C@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C[C@@H]1CC DTGZHCFJNDAHEN-OZEXIGSWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008154 Piper betle Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012261 resinous substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D455/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
- C07D455/03—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
- C07D455/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine
- C07D455/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine containing benzo [a] quinolizine ring systems
- C07D455/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine containing benzo [a] quinolizine ring systems having an isoquinolyl-1, a substituted isoquinolyl-1 or an alkylenedioxyisoquinolyl-1 radical linked through only one carbon atom, attached in position 2, e.g. emetine
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Darstellung eines Alkaloldpräparates aus Itadix lpecacuanha. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Darstellung eines Prä parates, das die Alkaloide der lpecawurzel, vor allem Emetin und Cephaelin, in guter Ausbeute und nahezu frei von Fremdstoffen enthält und das sowohl als solches zu thera peutischen Zwecken, wie auch vorteilhaft als hochwertiges Ausgangsmaterial zur Reindarstellung der beiden genannten<B>Al-</B> kaloide nach bekannten Methoden Verwen dung finden soll.
Zur Darstellung des Prä parates kann man, sowohl von der Droge selbst, wie auch von einer Mischung eines daraus bereiteten Extraktes und natürlicher Zellsubstanz, z. B. Blattpulver, ausgehen.
Das Verfahren beruht darauf, dass man durch Zusatz von sauer wirkenden Reagen- tien die Alkaloide in natürlicher Zellsub stanz gegenüber mit Wasser nicht misch baren niedrigsiedenden Fettlösungsmitteln fixiert, worauf man dem Material durch er schöpfende Vorextraktion mit einem dieser Fettlösungsmittel die löslichen, nicht ba sischen Begleitstoffe der Alkaloide entzieht, dann das so vorgereinigte Extraktionsgut in neuen Mengen Fettlösungsmittel suspendiert und alkalisch macht,
worauf man die in Freiheit gesetzten Alkaloide aus der Zellsub- stanz herauslöst und den so gewonnenen alkaloidhaltigen Extrakt bei niedriger Tem peratur im Vakuum vollkommen einengt, wobei das Gemisch der Alkaloide als braun gefärbter Firnis hinterbleibt. Aus diesem hochwertigen Alkaloidpräparat lassen sich nach bekannten Methoden unter Beseiti gung einer geringen Menge nicht basischer Stoffe die Alkaloide leicht rein darstellen und besonders Cephaelin und Emetin be quem voneinander trennen und in kristal lisierter Form erhalten.
Bei Verwendung eines nicht zu niedrig siedenden Fettlösungsmittels führt man zur Erhöhung des Lösungsvermögens sowohl die V orextraktion zur Beseitigung der nicht ba sischen löslichen Begleitstoffe der Alkaloide, wie die eigentliche Extraktion der in Frei heit gesetzten Basen zweckmässig bei<B>501</B> aus.
<I>Beispiel:</I> 2 kg feingepulverte Radix Ipecacuanha (Rio-Wurzel) werden in der Mischtrommel mit einer lauwarmen Lösung von 200 gr kri- stalliniertem Aluminiumsulfat in 160 ccm Wasser während einer Stunde gründlich verarbeitet. Hierauf befeuchtet man die Masse mit 1 Liter Benzol, füllt sie in einen Perkolator und extraliiert erschöpfend mit Benzol,
zuletzt unter geringem Überdruck bei 50 ". Das auf diese Weise von nicht ba sischen benzolli-'slichen Begleitstoffen der Alkaloide befreite Wurzelpulver wird nun in. ä Liter Benzol suspendiert, die bewegte Suspension auf 501 erwärmt und tropfen weise unter kräftigem Umrühren mit starker Natronlauge versetzt, bis die Zellsubstanz gleichmässig und bleibend stark alkalisch reagiert.
Nach zweistündiger Einwirkung des Alkalis auf die unterdessen weiter um gerührte Suspension wird diese auf der Nutsche noch warm abgesaugt und mit Ben zol von 501 C portionenweise erschöpfend nachgewaschen.
Beim vollständigen Ein dampfen des alhaloidhaltigen Extraktes un ter vermindertem Drucke hinterbleibt ein dunkel,efärbter Firnis, das sehr hochwer tige Präparat der lpeca-Alkaloide. Beim Auf nehmen mit verdünnter Säure gehen die Basen frei von Begleitstoffen in Lösung, während eine geringe Menge dunkler har ziger Stoffe ungelöst bleibt und von der Al- kaloidlöSung durch Filtration abgetrennt wird.
Zur Reisdarstellung von Emetin und CephaNin oder von deren Salzen geht man zweckmässig direkt von dem Rohalkaloicl- präparat aus, indem man dieses zum Bei spiel mit Äther aufnimmt und auf bekannte Weise (las Cei)liaelin auf Grund seiner Leichtlöslichkeit in wässerigen Alkalien ab trennt,
während Emetin aus der cepliaelin- freien ätherischen Lösung mit ätherischer Oxalsäure gefällt und nach bekannten Me- thoden als Einetinsalz kristallisiert und rein erhalten wird.
Process for the preparation of an alkaline preparation from Itadix lpecacuanha. The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of a prep which contains the alkaloids of lpecawurzel, especially emetine and cephaelin, in good yield and almost free of foreign substances and both as such for therapeutic purposes, and advantageously as a high quality starting material for the pure representation of the two mentioned <B> Al </B> kaloids according to known methods should be used.
To represent the preparation you can, both from the drug itself, as well as from a mixture of an extract prepared therefrom and natural cell substance, eg. B. leaf powder run out.
The method is based on the fact that by adding acidic reagents, the alkaloids in natural cell substance are fixed against water-immiscible low-boiling fat solvents, whereupon the soluble, non-basic accompanying substances are added to the material by scooping pre-extraction with one of these fat solvents removes alkaloids, then suspends the pre-cleaned extraction material in new amounts of fat solvent and makes it alkaline,
whereupon the released alkaloids are removed from the cell substance and the alkaloid-containing extract obtained in this way is completely concentrated at a low temperature in a vacuum, the mixture of alkaloids remaining as a brown varnish. From this high-quality alkaloid preparation, the alkaloids can easily be presented in pure form using known methods with the elimination of a small amount of non-basic substances, and especially cephaelin and emetine be conveniently separated and obtained in crystallized form.
When using a fat solvent that is not too low-boiling, both the pre-extraction to remove the non-basic, soluble accompanying substances of the alkaloids and the actual extraction of the liberated bases are expediently carried out at <B> 501 </B> to increase the dissolving power .
<I> Example: </I> 2 kg of finely powdered Radix Ipecacuanha (Rio root) are thoroughly processed in the mixing drum with a lukewarm solution of 200 g of crystalline aluminum sulfate in 160 ccm of water for one hour. The mass is then moistened with 1 liter of benzene, filled into a percolator and extracted exhaustively with benzene,
finally under a slight overpressure at 50 ". The root powder freed in this way from non-basic benzollic accompanying substances of the alkaloids is now suspended in 1 liter of benzene, the agitated suspension is heated to 501 and strong sodium hydroxide is added drop by drop while stirring vigorously until the cell substance reacts evenly and remains strongly alkaline.
After the alkali has acted for two hours on the suspension, which has continued to be stirred in the meantime, it is suctioned off while still warm on the suction filter and washed exhaustively in portions with benzene at 501C.
When the alhaloid-containing extract is completely evaporated under reduced pressure, a dark, colored varnish remains, the very high-quality preparation of the lpeca alkaloids. When taken up with dilute acid, the bases go into solution free of accompanying substances, while a small amount of dark, resinous substances remains undissolved and is separated from the alkaloid solution by filtration.
For the preparation of rice from emetine and cephaNin or their salts, one expediently starts directly from the raw alkaloicl preparation, for example by taking it up with ether and separating it in a known way (las Cei) liaelin due to its easy solubility in aqueous alkalis,
while emetine is precipitated from the cepliaelin-free ethereal solution with ethereal oxalic acid and is crystallized as the einetine salt and obtained in pure form by known methods.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH79578T | 1918-10-25 | ||
| CH88699T | 1918-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH88699A true CH88699A (en) | 1921-03-16 |
Family
ID=25702510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH88699D CH88699A (en) | 1918-10-25 | 1918-10-25 | Process for the preparation of an alkaloid preparation from Radix Ipecacuanha. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH88699A (en) |
-
1918
- 1918-10-25 CH CH88699D patent/CH88699A/en unknown
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