CH90702A - Process for the extraction of proteins from plants for the manufacture of consumer goods. - Google Patents

Description

  

  Process for obtaining proteins from plants for production. of consumer goods. The invention relates to a method for the coagulation of proteins from plants for the production of consumer goods; and is based on the fact that you get the Eiweisshal term raw material such. B. corn, soybeans or grain, and the contained therein 'end C> 1 hiert extra by a fat solvent.

   The rest of the fat solvent is then removed from the raw material and the proteins, which are in the unchanged natural state, together with the impurities, are dissolved by means of a solvent which does not cause any change in the proteins. The impurities are separated from the solution for a long time. _ until a transparent clear solution is obtained, whereupon the proteins present in their natural state are separated from the transparent clear solution.



  <I> example. - </I> Protein-containing raw material is ground into flour, from which the fat is extracted using benzine. To- retire. of the solvent from the oil-free flour, the flour is reduced to approx. 40 G heated 'and the vacuum. suspended while stirring it. This not only achieves a complete elimination of the solution, by means of, with little loss, but also saves a considerable amount of time and labor. The flour obtained as an intermediate product in the above manner is colored white or pale yellow and has ho-.

    The protein content, in contrast to the report of dark yellow or brown color obtained using the known steam process. - It smells pleasant, does not bake together because it is apparently dry. To dissolve the protein, the flour is treated with an alkali solution, for example with a dilute solution of caustic alkali, or alkali carbonate, ammonia, sodium sulfite, sodium phosphate or the like.

   The liquid obtained contains the proteins; as well as a lot of impurities, e.g. B. saccharate colloids and fibers. The .trübe liquid is exposed to the action of a centrifugal separator working at high speed, -uni a separation or. Eliminate .the dirty, -. Slimy substances of a colloidal nature. Then the remaining liquid is passed through a wood pulp filter or a sand filter.



  - cleverly. If the liquid still remains afterwards, more or less strokes, then by adding a small amount. Sulfuric acid or sulphurous acid, a fractionated precipitation is done before the liquid is left to stand so that the impurities can settle. Then the liquid is decanted and filtered again until a clear, thorough state is reached.

   From this <B> V </B>. The proteins are obtained by liquid: direct precipitation with an acid such as sulfuric acid, sulphurous acid, acetic acid or phosphoric acid. of a ferment. In order to gain protein substances of excellent quality, - \ Ä = ird: the liquid obtained according to the above procedure again. cleaned before precipitation. The proteins obtained are finally separated from the liquid and dried to powder as a moist cake under vacuum.

      During the procedure, up to the elimination; there must be a decomposition of the proteins - especially. prevented by high temperatures and pressure. - - - - After one. In other cleaning processes, the proteins from the solution are never beaten: together with the colloidal impurities by means of an acid, for example sulfuric acid or acetic acid.

   The precipitating agent must be added very carefully so that too much acid is not added and the proteins in the acid solution are dissolved again. Then the solution remains so that the precipitate can settle. The solution located above the precipitate is decanted and the proteins contained in the precipitate are replaced by an excess of dilute acid, e.g. B. hydrochloric acid, dissolved.

   The impure colloids lead undissolved; however, their icoloidal nature changes and they can easily be excreted by filtration.

       During the dissolution of the protein substances in the schz @! Ach _ acid-containing solution, stirring of the precipitated mass must be avoided, otherwise the protein-containing acid solution turns out cloudy or milky white and it is difficult to make the latter transparent and clear solution. to - filter,. which contains the proteins in a pure state and from which these are precipitated and collected for use.

     When wet, the protein is "white, tasteless, odorless, plastic and, when kneaded, sticky. When dry, it is white, pale yellow," not sticky, but becomes sticky when an alkali or acid is added The protein shows all the characteristic reactions peculiar to the protein bodies, regardless of whether - in the wet or dry state: - It is soluble and forms, - when dissolved in alkali or acid, alkali or acid salt.

   The one with alkali hydroxide, or. Protein heated with earth potassium hydroxide develops ammonia and changes when treated with concentrated nitric acid; in a yellow measure.

   It is easily transparent, adhesive and can be shaped as desired. When dissolving in a solvent and evaporation of the latter, flexible, elastic ones are produced; - Adhesive, tough and firm layers, which do not burst during drying. The white substances obtained are therefore ideally suited for the production of non-flammable, cellulose-like objects; Insulating material, lacquer, varnish;

   Leather substitute, rubber substitute, linoleum; waterproof cloth, cement, artificial stone ,. Bricks, artificial boards. and the same: .

 

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM Process -for- extraction of protein substances from plants for the production of consumer goods, characterized in that one is the protein-containing. The raw material is crushed, the oil contained in it is extracted by a fat solvent, here the rest of the fat solvent is removed from the raw material, then the unchanged natural proteins and the impurities are dissolved by means of a solvent that does not cause any change in the proteins separates impurities from the solution until a transparent clear solution is achieved, whereupon the proteins present in their naturally pure state are separated out of the transparent clear solution. m SUBClaims: 9. Method according to patent claim. characterized in that the remainder of the fat solvent is removed from the raw material by vacuum. 2 Method according to patent claim, characterized in that an alkali solution is used to release the proteins from the oil-free raw material. 3. Process according to patent claim, characterized in that the protein solution obtainable from the - oil-free raw material - is processed in a centrifugal separator operating at high speed and then filtered. 4: The method according to claim, characterized in that in order to obtain a transparent, clear solution of the proteins, the latter after first filtering the. Solution fractionally precipitated., The solution is decanted and the remaining liquid is filtered again. . 5. The method according to claim, characterized in that an acid is used for the fractional precipitation. . 6th Process according to patent claim, characterized in that, to obtain a clear solution of the protein substances, the protein substances and the foreign constituents are first carefully precipitated by means of an acid and then the proteins are again carefully removed without affecting the impurities by an excess of acid dissolves. <B> 7 </B>. Method according to claim and sub-claim 6, thereby. characterized in that the proteins, along with the foreign constituents, are precipitated by means of sulfuric acid and then dissolved again by means of an excess of a weak solution of hydrochloric acid while avoiding stirring. G. Method according to patent claim, characterized in that the excreted proteins are dried under vacuum. -