CH94914A - Process for utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds to acids. - Google Patents
Process for utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds to acids.Info
- Publication number
- CH94914A CH94914A CH94914DA CH94914A CH 94914 A CH94914 A CH 94914A CH 94914D A CH94914D A CH 94914DA CH 94914 A CH94914 A CH 94914A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- oxidation
- utilizing
- acids
- hydrogen compounds
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- -1 metalloid hydrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002483 hydrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
- B01J3/08—Application of shock waves for chemical reactions or for modifying the crystal structure of substances
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Ausnutzung der bei der Oxydation von litetalloidwasserstoffverbindun;en zu Säuren frei werdenden Energie. Bei der bekannten Oxydation von Metall- oidwasserstoffverbindungen, wie Schwefel wasserstoff, Ammoniak, Phosphorwasserstoff und andere zu den entsprechenden Säuren Schwefelsäure, Salpetersäure, Phosphorsäure und andere werden recht erhebliche Wärme mengen frei, deren Ausnutzung bisher eine höchst unvollkommene war, oder gänzlich ausser acht gelassen wurde.
Das vorliegende Verfahren zur Ausnutzung der bei der Oxy dation von Metalloidwasserstoffverbindungen zu Säuren frei werdenden Energie besteht darin, da.ss man das zu oxydierende Gas mit Sauerstoff enthaltendem Gas in solchen Men gen mischt, dass ein explosives Gemenge ent steht, und dieses Gemenge in dem Explo sionszylinder eines Gasmotors zur Explosion bringt.
Da das Reaktionsprodukt den Auspuff des Motors mit hoher Temperatur verlässt9 oft auch in noch reaktionsfähigem Zustande, so kann man die Wärmeausbeute dadurch erhöhen, dass man die Abkühlung und Kon densation der Abgase zwecks Erzeugung von Abwärmekraft in einem Oberflächenkonden- sator als Abwärmeverwerter vornimmt.
Das bei der explosiven Oxydation von Schwefel wasserstoff entstehende Gasgemisch besteht aus S03 und H20 mit einer Temperatur von etwa<B>500'.</B> Leitet man diese Gase beispiels weise in die Heizröliren eines Dampfkessels, so vereinigen sie sich dort zu einer abgekühl ten Schwefelsäurelösung und geben ausser .der ihrer Wärmekapazität entsprechendenWärme- menge noch -die Kondensationswärme des Wassers und die Lösungswärme des S03 in Wasser ab,
womit Dampfkraft erzeugt wer den kann- Erfahrungsgemäss arbeiten die Gasmoto ren am günstigsten, wenn der Energiegehalt des ihnen zugeführten Gasgemisches ein. be stimmter, oder wenigstens ein innerhalb ge wisser Grenzen liegender ist, und zwar rech net man mit durchschnittlich ungefähr<B>600</B> Kalorien auf den Kubikmeter Zylinderinhalt. Um diesen Wert auch bei vorliegendem Ver fahren innezuhalten, mischt man vorteilhaft zu solchen Explosionsmischungen, die zu gro ssen Energieinhalt haben, indifferente Gase, z. B. Luft, im Überschuss; zu Explosionsge- mischen, die zu schwach sind, kann man zwecks Verstärkung andere brennbare Gase mit der entsprechenden Menge Sauerstoff. z.
B. ein Gemisch von Kraftgas und Luft, zu fügen.
Beispiel <I>1:</I> 1000 m3 HIS werden mit<B>11,000</B> m3 Luft semischt und dem Explosionszylinder zuge führt. Die theoretische Luftmenge von 8(i75 m3 würde<B>760</B> Kalorien per Kubikmeter Zylinderinhalt geben, also einen zu hohen Wert. Bei einer Ausnutzung von 27,5 % der zugeführten Verbrennungswärme iin Motor bekommt man rund 2110 Kurstunden unmit telbare Energie, da die Reaktionsenergie rund 61!- Millionen Kalorien beträgt.
Die Hälfte letztgenannter Wärmemenge geht mit den Auspuffgasen fort und kann zusammen mit etwa 13/n Millionen Kalorien Lösungswärme und 0,5 Millionen Kalorien Kondensations wärme mit etwa 15 % Ausbeute in<B>170</B> KW- stunden Dampfkraft verwandelt werden. Es geben somit 1000 m3 H.S neben 4400 kg H380, rund 2900 Kurstunden.
<I>Beispiel Z:</I> 1000 m3 Ammoniak werden mit 1140 m3 reinem Sauerstoff und 4000 m3 Luft gemischt und nach dein Explosionszylinder geführt. Eine Mischung von 1000 m' NH3 und der entsprechenden Luftmenge von<B>9600</B> m" würde eine Mischung von 342 Kalorien per Kubikmeter geben, also unter Umständen eine Mischung mit zu geringem Ergebnis an Ener gie.
Wie oben. kann man aus der Verbren nungswärme von rund 3'J2 Millionen Ka lorien eine unmittelbare Kraftausbeute von 1160 Kurstunden berechnen, aus den Abga sen wären dann 350 KWstunclen erhältlich, so (lass man bei der Oxydation von 1000 m3 NH3 ausser 3633 kg HNO3 zu 45 Be. 1500 K)iTstunden Energie bekommen kann.
Beispiel <I>3:</I> <B>1000</B> in' NH3 und 10v0 m" H_ werden mit 5000 m3 Luft und 2500 ms 0_ gemischt und zur Explosion gebracht. Man bekommt neben 4500 kg HNO; von 39 Be einen Energie betrag von<B>2600</B> K Wstunden. .
Process for utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of litetalloid hydrogen compounds to acids. In the known oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, phosphorus hydrogen and others, to the corresponding acids sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and others, quite considerable amounts of heat are released, the utilization of which has hitherto been extremely imperfect or has been completely ignored .
The present process for utilizing the energy released in the oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds to acids consists in mixing the gas to be oxidized with oxygen-containing gas in such amounts that an explosive mixture is created, and this mixture in the Explosion cylinder of a gas engine explodes.
Since the reaction product leaves the exhaust of the engine at a high temperature, 9 often in a still reactive state, the heat yield can be increased by cooling and condensing the exhaust gases to generate waste heat in a surface condenser as waste heat exchanger.
The gas mixture resulting from the explosive oxidation of hydrogen sulphide consists of SO3 and H20 with a temperature of about <B> 500 '. </B> If these gases are passed into the heating rings of a steam boiler, for example, they combine there to form a cooled one th sulfuric acid solution and emit, in addition to the amount of heat corresponding to their heat capacity, the heat of condensation of the water and the heat of dissolution of the SO3 in water,
What steam power can be used to generate - Experience shows that gas engines work best when the energy content of the gas mixture supplied to them is incorporated. Certain limits, or at least one that lies within certain limits, is calculated with an average of about <B> 600 </B> calories per cubic meter of cylinder capacity. In order to pause this value even in the present process, it is advantageous to mix with those explosive mixtures that have too large an energy content, inert gases, e.g. B. Air, in excess; In order to amplify explosive mixtures that are too weak, other flammable gases with the appropriate amount of oxygen can be added. z.
B. a mixture of fuel gas and air to add.
Example <I> 1: </I> 1000 m3 of HIS are mixed with <B> 11,000 </B> m3 of air and fed to the explosion cylinder. The theoretical amount of air of 8 (i75 m3 would give <B> 760 </B> calories per cubic meter of cylinder capacity, i.e. too high a value. With a utilization of 27.5% of the combustion heat supplied in the engine, you get around 2110 hours of direct energy , since the reaction energy is around 61! - million calories.
Half of the last-mentioned amount of heat goes away with the exhaust gases and, together with about 13 / n million calories of heat of solution and 0.5 million calories of heat of condensation, can be converted into <B> 170 </B> KW-hours of steam power with a yield of about 15%. There are thus 1000 m3 H.S in addition to 4400 kg H380, around 2900 course hours.
<I> Example Z: </I> 1000 m3 of ammonia are mixed with 1140 m3 of pure oxygen and 4000 m3 of air and led to the explosion cylinder. A mixture of 1000 m 'NH3 and the corresponding amount of air of <B> 9600 </B> m "would result in a mixture of 342 calories per cubic meter, so possibly a mixture with too little energy.
As above. one can calculate an immediate power output of 1160 course hours from the combustion heat of around 3'J2 million calories; 1500 K) iThours of energy.
Example <I> 3: </I> <B> 1000 </B> in 'NH3 and 10v0 m "H_ are mixed with 5000 m3 of air and 2500 ms 0_ and made to explode. You get 4500 kg of ENT; from 39 With an energy amount of <B> 2600 </B> K hours.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB93270D DE421665C (en) | 1920-03-09 | 1920-03-09 | Process for utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds to mineral acids |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH94914A true CH94914A (en) | 1922-06-01 |
Family
ID=6986854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH94914D CH94914A (en) | 1920-03-09 | 1921-03-12 | Process for utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of metalloid hydrogen compounds to acids. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH94914A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE421665C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2415904A (en) * | 1942-11-26 | 1947-02-18 | Lion Oil Co | Method of oxidizing hydrogen sulfide |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1052598A (en) * | 1951-03-20 | 1954-01-26 |
-
1920
- 1920-03-09 DE DEB93270D patent/DE421665C/en not_active Expired
-
1921
- 1921-03-12 CH CH94914D patent/CH94914A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2415904A (en) * | 1942-11-26 | 1947-02-18 | Lion Oil Co | Method of oxidizing hydrogen sulfide |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE421665C (en) | 1925-11-16 |
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