CN100392176C - Vapor-permeable anti-acid and alkali anti-oil and waterproof fabric finishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

Vapor-permeable anti-acid and alkali anti-oil and waterproof fabric finishing method, the method of coating first and then finishing is used to improve the anti-acid penetration performance of the fabric; the polymer materials used for fabric coating mainly include polyacrylic water-based or solvent-based resin or polyurethane Water-based or solvent-based resin; acid-proof finishing using fluorine-containing polymer materials. The coated fabric is modified with a hydrophilic polymer material, and the hydrophilic resin is polyvinyl alcohol resin. The present invention adopts the method of increasing the thickness of the fluorine protective film on the surface of the fabric and fiber and increasing the amount of moisture-permeable (steam) coating resin, completely preventing the acid-base liquid from directly contacting the fiber and penetrating into the inside of the fiber material, thus completely solving the problem of the cotton fabric The technical problems of acid and alkali proof, oil proof and water proof processing and finishing.

Description

Vapor-permeable anti-acid and alkali anti-oil and waterproof fabric finishing method

technical field

The invention relates to a vapor-permeable acid-alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabric, especially polyester-cotton and all-cotton fabrics and vapor-permeable (wetness) anti-acid-base fabrics with good vapor (moisture) and various protective functions Oil and water repellent finishing method.

Background technique

In recent years, the safety production situation in our country is still severe. In many accidents, the damage to the human body caused by strong corrosion and strong oxidizing liquids such as acids and alkalis is also one of the main factors. In the process of production, storage, transportation and use of chemical industry, chemical fertilizer, non-ferrous metallurgy, electroplating, storage battery, laboratory, military industry and missile force, etc., accidents of acid, alkali, fuel and oil splashing, leaking and dripping often occur , causing injuries to the body, legs and other parts of the personnel, and even death in severe cases. Research and develop vapor-permeable (including vapor-permeable and moisture-permeable, the same below) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof fabrics and clothing, which can prevent acids, alkalis, special fuels, oils and other chemicals from running, dripping, and splashing. It will hurt the human body, and meanwhile, the stuffy and uncomfortable feeling will not be produced when the clothes are worn for a long time.

The research on vapor-permeable (wet) acid-base-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabrics and clothing has not been reported yet. But the breathable anti-acid overalls of single function have just started research, production and equipment abroad from the early seventies. In 1973, the former Czechoslovakia formulated the standard for acid-proof work clothes (CN832731), which stipulated the corrosion resistance, air permeability and seam fastness of acid-proof work clothes; in 1978, the former Soviet Union acid-proof work clothes standard (гoст12. 4.036.78) made regulations on clothing materials and styles; since then, Japan (JIT8115-79) in 1979, Britain (BS4171-1981) in 1980, France (SNFS74-02-80), Federal Germany in 1983 (DIN32763-830II Type) and other industrially developed countries have successively formulated labor hygiene protective clothing or anti-dangerous liquid chemical protective clothing with anti-acid requirements. After the 1980s, its International Organization for Standardization also proposed regulations on anti-corrosion work clothes and performance testing methods (ISO/DIS6529, ISO/DIS6530). In 1989, my country formulated the standards for acid-proof work clothes and their performance test methods (GB12012-12013-89). Although there are breathable acid-proof work clothes and air-impermeable acid-proof work clothes in the standard, there is no such thing as breathable work clothes. Clear requirements for physiological and hygienic indicators such as vapor permeability (moisture) and toxicity.

In the 1980s, the anti-acid work clothes in our country continued to use materials such as rubber (airtight), pressed silk and raw wool. After the 1990s, some places began to use pressed silk/polyester filament interwoven fabrics, pure polyester fabrics and simple acid-proof processing Other fabrics and clothing, these materials have poor anti-penetration ability to hydrochloric acid and nitric acid on the one hand, and their vapor permeability and comfort have not been paid attention to on the other hand. Vapor-impermeable (wet) acid-proof fabrics have been using acid-resistant rubber cloth and plastic cloth, while steam-permeable (resistant) acid-proof fabrics used natural protein fibers to squeeze silk and raw wool as the main materials. The chemical stability of natural protein fiber is good, there is no obvious change when encountering acid at room temperature, and it has strong resistance to acid; some polymer synthetic fiber materials such as polyester also have good chemical stability, It will not be corroded and has strong resistance to acid. Although these materials have good acid resistance, their fabrics lose less strength under the action of acid, but their static pressure and permeability defense against acid are limited, so they must be finished with anti-acid agents and other resins. The fabric is specially processed with fluorine-containing materials with excellent chemical stability and corresponding cross-linked resins to form a firm protective film on the surface of the fibers and fabrics. When the fabric encounters acid, alkali and strong oxidizing solution, the fibers will not It will be soaked, absorbed and corroded, so the fabric finished by this method has very good acid resistance, acid compression resistance, acid resistance and certain acid penetration resistance. Because there is no continuous protective film formed on the surface of the fabric, it is very difficult for its anti-acid permeability to meet the standard requirement of 30 minutes. Therefore, it is necessary to find corresponding composite measures to completely solve the problem of anti-acid permeability.

After a certain amount of coating is applied to one side of the fabric after acid-proof finishing, the acid-base penetration resistance of the fabric is greatly improved, but the vapor permeability (wetness) is also greatly reduced, making the fabric and clothing stuffy when worn and not comfortable. comfortable. This is because most of the coating resins (EVA, PVC, rubber, etc.) are impermeable (wet) polymer materials. After the fabric is coated, the vapor (wet) pipes on the surface are all closed and lost. Vapor (wet) function. The dual purposes of improving vapor permeability (moisture) and acid and alkali resistance can be achieved by modifying the coating material with hydrophilic polymer resin.

Strictly speaking, textile fabrics that are resistant to sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide liquids, and are also breathable and comfortable are extremely rare. The research and production of anti-acid and alkali clothing fabrics is an urgent task.

Vapor (moisture) permeability, acid and alkali resistance, oil and water resistance, strength, hand feeling, toxicity and other main technical performance indicators not only meet the technical indicators of the project, but also meet GB12012~12013-89 "Acid-proof Work Clothes", GB12799-91 "Safety and Hygienic Performance Requirements for Oil- and Water-Repellent Protective Clothing" and Q/320623KGF-07-2004 "Vapor-permeable (moisture) Acid-Alkali-Resistant, Oil-Repellent and Waterproof Fabric". The yield rate is above 95%.

The main properties of vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof fabrics should meet the following index requirements:

(1) Moisture permeability: ≥3000g/m ² .24h

(2) Anti-acid performance:

A. Anti-acid penetration (80% sulfuric acid, 30% hydrochloric acid, 40% nitric acid)

Acid penetration time: ≥30 minutes before washing

       ≥ 3 minutes after washing

B. Acid repellency (80% sulfuric acid, 30% hydrochloric acid, 40% nitric acid)

Efficiency index > 90%

C, acid pressure resistance (80% sulfuric acid)

Acid pressure value ≥ 30mm

D. Acid resistance (80% sulfuric acid, 30% hydrochloric acid, 40% nitric acid)

 Strong reduction rate of sulfuric acid <50%, hydrochloric acid <35%, nitric acid <40%.

(3) Anti-alkali performance

A. Anti-alkali permeability (40% sodium hydroxide, 40% potassium hydroxide)

Alkali penetration time: ≥30 minutes before washing, ≥3 minutes after washing

B. Alkali repellent performance (40% sodium hydroxide, 40% potassium hydroxide) efficiency index ≥ 90%

C. Anti-alkali hydraulic performance (40% sodium hydroxide) alkali hydraulic value ≥ 30mm

(4) Oil-proof and waterproof performance

Before washing: waterproof = 5 grade oil resistance ≥ 130 points

After washing: waterproof ≥ grade 1, oil-proof ≥ 80 points

(5) Breaking strength (strip method) warp direction ≥ 700N; weft direction ≥ 400N

(6) Dimensional change after washing: ≤2.5% in warp direction; ≤2.5% in weft direction

(7) Toxicity without skin allergic reaction

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is: modify the coating material with hydrophilic polymer resin, so that the coating material itself has higher vapor permeability (wetness), and then compound it with acid-proof processing with unique technology and parameters, that is Fabrics that meet the requirements of acid and alkali resistance, oil resistance, water resistance and vapor permeability (wetness) can be manufactured. It is mainly a special measure for polyester-cotton and all-cotton fabrics, especially the vapor-permeable (wet) anti-acid, alkali, oil-proof and waterproof finishing of all-cotton fabrics. Because the cotton fabric is not only very sensitive to strong acid, strong alkali and strong oxidant, but also has high hygroscopicity, it is difficult to obtain a product meeting the technical requirements with the processing method of pure polyester fabric or polyester cotton fabric, the method of the present invention In particular, the purpose is to provide a multifunctional cotton fabric.

Vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid and alkali anti-oil and waterproof fabric finishing method, adopting the method of coating first and then finishing can greatly improve the anti-acid permeation performance of the fabric. The polymer materials that can be used for fabric coating mainly include polyacrylic resin (PA glue-water-based or solvent-based), polyurethane resin (PU glue-water-based or solvent-based).

Since the continuous film formed on the surface of the fabric finished with fluorine-containing polymer emulsion is very thin, sometimes even no continuous film (thin fabric) can be formed, so the anti-acid penetration ability of strong acid solution is poor, and only the hydrochloric acid penetration time of fabrics treated with fluorine Only a little over 9 minutes, which does not meet the requirements of the national standard. Only the acid penetration resistance of the coating + fluorine finishing fabric meets the regulations.

The fabric is specially treated with fluorine-containing polymer emulsion, a material with high corrosion resistance and high stability, so that a firm fluorine protective film is formed on the surface of the fabric and fiber, and the interfacial tension on the fabric surface is greatly reduced: the surface tension when untreated (cotton, Polyester-cotton, pure polyester) is 65-28 dynes/cm, after finishing it is 5-22 dynes/cm, while the surface tension of water droplets (including acid and alkali droplets) is 75 dynes/cm, and engine oil drops are 30 dynes/cm Because of /cm, so as to achieve the purpose that the acid-base aqueous solution and the oily liquid cannot be infiltrated. In fact, the acid repellency efficiency index of this fabric can reach more than 98%, the oil resistance reaches 130 points, and the water repellency is 5 grades.

Modifying the coated fabric with hydrophilic polymer materials can not only improve the acid and alkali resistance of the coating film, but also "transmit" water molecules with the help of hydrophilic groups, giving the coating film a certain moisture permeability. Function.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the impact of coating material of the present invention on fabric acid resistance

Fig. 2 is the influence of coating material of the present invention on fabric elution rate

Fig. 3 is the variation of penetration time of the present invention along with the concentration of anti-acid agent, note: (1) the test fabric is cotton half thread card: 40S/2×16S, (2) the coating material consumption is the same

Fig. 4 is the impact of the cross-linked resin of the present invention on the anti-acid wash resistance, note: the number of times of washing is 5 times

Fig. 5 is the change of the acid penetration time of the polyester-cotton fabric of the present invention along with the ratio of DS/PA

Detailed ways

Table 1 Effect of coating on fabric acid penetration resistance

Note: The fabrics are all 42 ^S /2×16 ^S polyester cotton khaki

In summary, it can be seen that the joint finishing of moisture-permeable coating and fluorine-containing compound is an ideal vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof composite compatible technology.

Generally do not use polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), polyvinyl acetate resin (EVA) and rubber (natural and synthetic) and other varieties. Because most rubber products have excellent airtightness and poor vapor permeability (wetness), while PVC and EVA are cheap, but their hard feel will affect the wearability of the fabric, and their washability is poor.

Table 2 Main performance characteristics of PA and PU coated fabrics

Note: (1), the fabric is 42S/2×21S polyester cotton khaki;

(2) The amount of fluorine-containing anti-acid agent used is the same;

(3) The permeation time of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid should be ≥30min (GB12012).

It can be seen from Table 2 that the surface of PU resin coating is smooth, smooth and elastic, the fabric feels soft and has high adhesion fastness; compared with PU resin, PA-1 resin has the following characteristics: less glue (only 16.35 g/m ² ), excellent hydrochloric acid penetration resistance (PA is 41.13min, PU is 24.45min), and the price is relatively cheap (PA is 1.17 yuan/ ^m2 , PU is 4.76 and 1.43 yuan/m2 respectively ⁾ , its coating Surface, fabric feel and adhesion fastness are similar to PU resin, the present invention selects PA-1, PU resin for use.

In order to enhance the vapor permeability (wet) performance, the PA resin can be modified with hydrophilic polymer material (DS-305), which improves the vapor permeability (wet) performance of the fabric coating. The effect of the amount of coating material on the acid resistance, handle and washability of the fabric is listed in Table 3, Figure 2 and Figure 3.

Table 3. Main properties of coating materials and acid and alkali resistant fabrics

Note: (1), the test fabric is polyester cotton khaki: 42S/2×21S;

(2) The amount of coating material is calculated by the percentage of weight increase of the fabric after coating;

(3) The concentration of anti-acid agent used is the same.

From Table 3 and Figure 1, it can be seen that with the increase of the amount of coating materials, the acid penetration time is prolonged, and the degree of influence of nitric acid is greater than that of hydrochloric acid: when the coating amount of nitric acid reaches 10.17%, the penetration time can reach the standard requirement of 30 minutes , and hydrochloric acid can meet the requirements when the coating material is 6-7%; with the increase of the coating material dosage, the fabric feels hard and the cost increases. It can also be seen from Table 3 that with the increase of the amount of coating material, the acid and wash resistance is enhanced, and the penetration time of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid is prolonged after washing. Figure 2 shows that as the amount of coating material increases, the elution rate of the fabric decreases, which further proves the impact of coating materials on washability, so it is necessary to balance acid resistance, washability, Reasonable configuration between fabric feel and production cost.

DS-305 hydrophilic resin is polyvinyl alcohol resin, and the dosage of DS-305 is 24-42%, which is more suitable. Due to the different fabric fiber materials, when the same amount of DS-305 is used, the moisture permeability of the fabric is also quite different. For example, the moisture permeability of the vapor (moisture) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof cotton khaki is: 4170g/ m ² .24h, and the moisture permeability of the same amount of polyester-cotton khaki is 3230g/m ² .24h, but the moisture permeability of the two fabrics all meet the standard requirements.

Fluorine-containing anti-acid agent, cross-linked resin and fabric anti-acid and alkali, oil and water resistance:

Fluorine-containing polymer materials have extremely high chemical stability, and have good corrosion resistance to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, and strong oxidants. For example, perfluorinated acrylic polymer emulsions (DS-106, DS-107 ) as an anti-acid agent combined with other materials to achieve satisfactory results in the anti-acid, alkali, oil, and water-repellent finishing of cotton, polyester-cotton, and pure polyester fabrics. Figure 3 shows the change of the acid penetration time with the concentration of the anti-acid agent when the fluorine-containing anti-acid agent-DS-106 is used for finishing cotton fabrics; Table 4 shows the oil and water resistance of the fluorine-containing anti-acid agent and the fabric performance.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that: (1), the anti-acid penetration time of the fabric is extended with the increase of the concentration of the anti-acid agent; (2), the prolongation range of hydrochloric acid is lower than that of nitric acid; (3), it must meet the national standards Penetration time (≥30 minutes), nitric acid only needs about 25% concentration of anti-acid agent, while hydrochloric acid requires a concentration of more than 30%, which proves that the destructive ability of hydrochloric acid to fabrics is the first among the three major inorganic acids. We have also given special attention.

As can be seen from Table 4, the fluorine-containing anti-acid agent has excellent oil-repellent and waterproof properties. When the concentration is low (19%), the oil-repellent and waterproof properties of the fabric have reached the value specified in the standard (130 and 5 grades); while the anti-acid performance increases with the increase of the anti-acid concentration, only when the concentration of the anti-acid agent reaches a certain value, the anti-acid performance of the fabric can meet the requirements.

Table 4 Anti-acid agent and the oil and water repellency of fabric

Note: The test fabric is cotton half-thread card; the amount of coating material is the same.

The cross-linked resin used together with the fluorine-containing anti-acid agent is a polymer material containing active groups, which reacts with the active groups in the fiber material and the macromolecules of the anti-acid agent to form a strong chemical bond, which can greatly improve the performance of the anti-acid agent. Washability of the fabric against acid and alkali; at the same time, the active group of the cross-linking agent can also react with the active group on the fluorine-containing anti-acid agent alone to form a network structure, which greatly improves the fastness and thickness of the fluorine protective film on the fabric , thus also improving the acid penetration resistance of the fabric. Table 5 and Figure 4 show the effect of the cross-linked resin on the acid resistance and washing durability of the fabric. The main varieties of cross-linked resins are: modified melamine resins.

As can be seen from Table 5: with the increase of the amount of crosslinking resin, the penetration time of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid increases, and the acid resistance performance improves; but with the increase of the amount of crosslinking agent, the fabric weight increases, the production cost increases, and The fabric feels stiff. Figure 4 shows that as the concentration of cross-linked resin increases, the acid penetration time of the fabric after washing is prolonged, and the washing durability is improved. The same conclusion can also be drawn from the change of the elution rate of the fabric. The amount of cross-linking resin directly affects the acid resistance, washability, fabric feel and production cost of the fabric. It should be an optimized combination of various indicators in use, and the range is 3-8%.

Table 5 Effect of cross-linked resin on fabric acid resistance and hand feeling

Note: (1) The test fabric is polyester cotton khaki: 42S/2×21S;

(2) Composite without moisture-permeable coating; use the same concentration of anti-acid agent.

Scientific compounding of moisture-permeable coating and fluorine-containing anti-acid agent

The finishing of fluorine-containing anti-acid agent can only improve the acid and alkali resistance, acid and alkali resistance and acid and alkali pressure resistance of the fabric, but the impermeability to strong acids (such as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.) is poor; although the moisture-permeable coating It is limited to improve acid and alkali resistance and acid and alkali resistance, but it can greatly improve the anti-penetration ability of fabrics to strong acid and alkali liquids and anti-acid and alkali pressure performance. The reasonable combination of the two technical measures is the most scientific choice. Figure 5 shows the change of the acid penetration time of polyester-cotton fabrics with the proportion of DS fluorine-containing anti-acid agent and PA moisture-permeable coating. As can be seen from Figure 5: with the increase of the DS/PA ratio, the acid penetration time of the fabric tends to be constant (41.7 minutes). When it reaches the standard, the nitric acid reaches the standard when it is 17%. According to the unity of performance and benefit, the ratio of DS/PA is 17% to 21%, which is more reasonable. The ratio of DS/PA refers to the weight ratio of anti-acid agent to coating. Influence of Fiber Materials on Finishing Process

Differences in chemical composition and molecular structure of fiber materials have a greater impact on acid and alkali resistance, oil resistance and waterproof finishing. Table 6 shows the characteristics of different fiber material fabrics with the same formulation and finishing process.

It can be seen from Table 6 that under the condition of similar weight gain of the fabrics, the oil repellency, water repellency and acid repellency of the three fabrics are the same, and they all meet the requirements of the national standard and enterprise standard, but the penetration time of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is relatively different. Large: The acid penetration time of polyester-cotton and pure polyester fabrics is longer (41.7 minutes), far exceeding the requirements of national and enterprise standards, while cotton fabrics cannot meet the requirements of nitric acid (26.75 minutes) or hydrochloric acid (24.98 minutes). to standard requirements. This is because cotton fiber is composed of cellulose macromolecules and multi-dimensional structure, and the macromolecules contain very active hydroxyl groups, so they are very sensitive to acid-base media and have high hygroscopicity.

The impact of table 6 fiber material on fabric acid resistance

Note: (1) The three fabrics are all 42S/2×21S khaki, and the blending ratio of the polyester-cotton fabric is 65/35;

(2) The finishing formula and process are exactly the same.

According to the performance characteristics of cotton fabrics, the present invention adopts the measures of increasing the thickness of the fluorine protective film on the surface of fabrics and fibers and increasing the amount of moisture-permeable (steam) coating resin, so as to completely prevent the acid-base liquid from directly contacting the fibers and penetrating into the inside of the fiber material. Thereby satisfactorily solved the technical problem of anti-acid, alkali, oil and water-proof processing and finishing of cotton fabrics.

Five kinds of cotton yarn card of the present invention, polyester-cotton half-thread card, polyester-cotton thread flat cloth, antistatic polyester-cotton yarn card and pure polyester yarn card total more than 2500 meters, and have carried out dyeing and basic performance test, have carried out steam-permeable (wet) ) Batch industrial production of anti-acid and alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof finishing, with a yield of more than 95%.

Technological process: gray cloth trial weaving, dyeing - vapor permeable (wet) coating - padding to prevent acid and alkali - baking - tentering, shaping - finished product inspection, packaging.

Moisture-permeable coating formula:

PA-1 resin 70-80

NX crosslinker 1-8

EA leveling agent 2-5

DS-305 hydrophilic resin 12-17

Total 100.0(wt%)

The above-mentioned PA-1 resin, NX crosslinking agent, EA leveling agent, and DS-305 hydrophilic resin are commercially available products, and the manufacturers are Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Liaoning. Similar models include: P1120 of Japan's major ink companies , NX.

Anti-acid and alkali formula:

DS-107 anti-acid and alkali agent 10-40

DS-202 cross-linked resin 8-20

DS-303 Catalyst 0.2-2

HAC-PH value adjuster 1-10

Deionized water balance

Total 100.0(wt%)

Note: (1), polyester cotton (65/35) half line card 42 ^S /2×21 ^S 124×69110cm black

(2), polyester cotton (65/35) thread plain cloth 45 ^S /2×45 ^S /2 101×55110cm light blue

(3), anti-static polyester cotton (65/35) yarn card 32 ^S × 32 ^S 130 × 70110cm gray

(4), pure polyester pure half line card 42 ^S /2×21 ^S 124×69145cm Qinglan

(5), cotton gauze card 21 ^S × 21 ^S 108 × 58110cm turmeric

The above-mentioned DS-107 anti-acid and alkali agent, DS-202 cross-linking resin, DS-303 catalyst, and HAC-PH value regulator are commercially available products, and the manufacturers are Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang. Similar models include: SL-A01 and CHN of Ciba Specialty Chemicals.

Above-mentioned constitutes the prescription of totally 100 weight proportions.

The main performance indicators of vapor-permeable (humidity) anti-acid, alkali, oil and water-proof polyester-cotton fabrics, pure polyester fabrics and all-cotton fabrics are listed in Table 8 and Table 9.

It can be seen from Table 8 and Table 9:

(1) The acid and alkali resistance, oil and water resistance and washability of the vapor-permeable (wet) anti-acid, alkali and oil-proof waterproof fabric not only meet the requirements of the project indicators, but also better than the relevant indicators of GB12012, GB12799 and Q320623KGF07 and other standards .

(2) Vapor (moisture) resistance The acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof fabrics have excellent vapor (moisture) permeability, acid and alkali resistance, and oil and water repellency.

(3) The breaking strength, water-washing dimensional change rate, moisture permeability, toxicity and other indicators of the vapor-permeable (wet) acid-alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabric are all better than the project indicators and national standards.

Table 9 The physical properties of vapor-permeable (wet) acid and alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabrics

Note: Polyester-cotton (65/35) fabrics are 42 ^S /2×21 ^S half thread cards; cotton fabrics and pure polyester fabrics are 21 ^S ×21 ^S yarn cards.

(4) This study solves the vapor-permeable (wet) anti-acid and alkali-proof finishing technology of cotton fabrics that has been difficult to break through for a long time at home and abroad, and adds a new variety that is more vapor-permeable and comfortable for acid-alkali-resistant fabrics.

The invention adopts the selection of the technical route, the study of the vapor-permeable (wet) acid-base-proof, oil-proof and water-proof compound compatible technology, the formula process test, the batch industrial production, the comprehensive evaluation of product quality and the application proof of chemical industry, chemical fertilizer, non-ferrous metal and other departments , the vapor (moisture) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof manufacturing process has reached the original technical index requirements of the project.

Technical Indicators Reached Value Project Specified Value

1. Moisture permeability, g/m ² .24h 3230 ≥300

2. Acid penetration time, min, (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid)

                                                                              Before washing

After washing 15, 10, 8 ≥3

Acid repelling efficiency index, % 98.0 ≥90

3.

(sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid)

4. Acid pressure value, mm (sulfuric acid) 120 ≥ 30

5. Decrease rate of strong acid resistance, %

                                                                                         

6. Alkali penetration time, min, (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide)

Before washing 40 ≥30

After washing 5 ≥3

Alkali rejection efficiency index, %

(sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide) 99.0 ≥90

8. Alkaline pressure value, mm, (sodium hydroxide) ＞60 ≥30

9. Anti-oil, divided

                                                                   towards

After washing 80 ≥80

10. Waterproof, grade

Before washing 5 ＝5

After washing 1 ≥1

11. Breaking strength, N, (strip method)

Object 1098.0 ≥700

                                                                                                       

12. Dimensional change rate after washing, %

Longitudinal -1.17 ≤2.5

                                                                                   

13. Toxicity No skin allergic reaction No skin allergic reaction

Note: The value reached is based on polyester-cotton khaki fabric as an example.

At present, the acid-proof fabrics commonly used in the domestic market mainly include pressed silk produced in Liaoning or interwoven fabrics of pressed silk and polyester filaments. Very poor; the impermeable (wet) type coated acid-proof cloth produced in Henan, although the protective performance against sulfuric acid is acceptable.

Table 10 Performance comparison of four kinds of multifunctional fabrics at home and abroad

Acid and nitric acid have better protective properties, but the protection against hydrochloric acid is not ideal. The anti-acid and alkali fabric developed in Shanghai in 2000 is also aimed at sulfuric acid, which is relatively easy to protect, but does not involve nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, which are difficult to protect, and the vapor (moisture) permeability of this fabric is very small (1980g/m ² .24h ), failing to meet the basic requirements for breathability and comfort (≥2300g/m ² .24h).

Table 10 lists the comparison of the main properties of several similar products.

As can be seen from the data in Table 10: (1) good vapor permeability (wet) performance, and four protective functions of acid, alkali, oil, and waterproof are the characteristics of the present invention, and the other three products are not only in vapor permeability ( Humidity), but also in the number of functions and product materials are quite different from this study. The vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid, alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabric of the present invention not only has good vapor (moisture) permeability and four protective functions, but also has the most excellent performance, and has reached the requirements of industrial production and practical use. The vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid and alkali-proof, oil-proof and waterproof fabrics produced in batches are sold to chemical industry, chemical fertilizer, non-ferrous refining and other departments as labor protective clothing. Oil-proof and waterproof work clothes not only have a variety of protective functions, but also have strong protective capabilities, are relatively comfortable to wear, have little performance change after washing many times, and are high in strength, suitable for labor operations. The development and research from single-functional materials to multi-functional materials has expanded the new field of application of safety protection materials. Analyzed the composite compatibility technology mechanism of the textile's vapor (moisture) permeability, acid resistance, alkali resistance, oil and water resistance; applied advanced basic theoretical knowledge to treat pure polyester with moisture-permeable coating and fluorine-containing polymer resin and other materials. Fabrics, polyester-cotton fabrics, anti-static polyester-cotton fabrics and all-cotton fabrics are specially processed to achieve the composite compatibility effect of five excellent functions; it solves the anti-acid and alkali processing technology of all-cotton fabrics that has been difficult to break through for a long time at home and abroad. Acid and alkali resistant materials add a more comfortable variety. The production process of the vapor-permeable (moisture) anti-acid, alkali, oil, and water-repellent fabric is reasonable, and the formula and process parameters are feasible. The present invention is most commonly used for cotton, polyester-cotton or pure polyester fabrics, and is also used for blended fabrics of wool and polyester.

Claims (2)

1. Vapor-permeable anti-acid and alkali anti-oil and waterproof fabric finishing method is characterized in that the anti-acid permeation performance of the fabric is improved by adopting the method of coating first and then anti-acid finishing; the polymer material used for fabric coating is polyacrylic acid water-based Resin or polyurethane water-based resin; fluorine-containing polymer materials are used for acid-proof finishing; cross-linked resin is used together with fluorine-containing anti-acid agents, which react with active groups in fiber materials and macromolecules of anti-acid agents, and fluorine-containing anti-acid Modified melamine resin is used as the cross-linking resin used in common with the agent; the fabric coating is modified with hydrophilic polymer materials, and the hydrophilic resin is polyvinyl alcohol resin, and the weight ratio of the amount used is 24 to 42%; Fluorinated acrylic polymer emulsions DS-106 and DS-107 are used as anti-acid agents, and the weight ratio of anti-acid agent to fabric coating, that is, the ratio of DS/PA is 17% to 21%; anti-acid finishing formula: DS-107 Anti-acid agent 1040, DS-202 modified melamine crosslinking resin 8-20, DS-303 catalyst 0.2-2, HAC-PH value regulator 1-10, and the balance is deionized water, forming a total of 100 parts by weight of the group. 2. The vapor-permeable anti-acid and alkali-proof oil-proof and waterproof fabric finishing method as claimed in claim 1 is used for the purposes of all cotton, polyester cotton or pure polyester.

Images