CN104081237B - 复合电缆分支总成 - Google Patents

复合电缆分支总成 Download PDF

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CN104081237B
CN104081237B CN201280053018.7A CN201280053018A CN104081237B CN 104081237 B CN104081237 B CN 104081237B CN 201280053018 A CN201280053018 A CN 201280053018A CN 104081237 B CN104081237 B CN 104081237B
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cable
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composite cable
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CN104081237A (zh
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马克·E·康纳
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Corning Research and Development Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G02B6/44775Cable seals e.g. feed-through
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/44265Fibre-to-antenna cables; Auxiliary devices thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441Boxes
    • G02B6/44515Fibre drop terminals with surplus length
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/44528Patch-cords; Connector arrangements in the system or in the box
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G02B6/44765Terminating devices ; Cable clamps with means for strain-relieving to exterior cable layers

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
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  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

本文公开一种复合电缆分支总成。总成包括用于接收复合电缆的壳体,所述复合电缆具有具备至少一个光纤的光纤电缆和具备至少一个电导体的电力电缆。壳体具有提供通向所述壳体外部的通道的至少一个端口。至少一个光纤由光纤连接器端接,并且,至少一个电导体由电连接器端接。或者,至少一个光纤和至少一个电导体可由复合光/电连接器端接。光纤电缆和电力电缆布线到至少一个端口,使壳体外部的连接能够将光信号和电力延伸到壳体外部的组件。

Description

复合电缆分支总成
相关申请案
本申请案根据专利法请求2011年10月26日申请的美国临时申请案第61/551,685号的优先权权利,本文依赖所述申请案的内容且所述申请案的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开案通常涉及电缆分支总成,且特别涉及用于包括光纤电缆和电力电缆两者的复合电缆的分支总成。
背景技术
最小化光纤至天线(FTTA)安装中部署用于远程无线电头端(RRH)技术的电缆数目降低无线服务供应商(WSP)的安装成本和月租费用。进一步,最小化在塔顶处分支的终端或电缆的数量和占地面积可进一步最小化月租费用,同时使得电缆和电缆总成易于操作。当前解决方案范围从大型复合连接器到根本不具有终端的分支。
发明内容
详细描述中公开的实施方式包括复合电缆分支总成。总成包括用于接收复合电缆的壳体,所述复合电缆具有具备至少一个光纤的光纤电缆和具备至少一个电导体的电力电缆。壳体具有提供通向所述壳体外部的通道的至少一个端口。光纤电缆和电力电缆布线到至少一个端口用于光及电连接到壳体外的组件。使从壳体外部到与复合电缆分离的光纤电缆和电力电缆的连接成为可能。接地导体附接到复合电缆的护罩用于将复合电缆接地到复合电缆分支总成。
壳体可为具有穿过壳体壁的至少一个端口的终端的壳体。此外,至少一个端口可包含两个端口,一个为光端口且一个为电端口。光纤连接适配器可位于光端口中,且电连接适配器可位于电端口中。具有至少一个光纤的光纤电缆使用光纤连接器连接到光纤连接适配器。具有至少一个电导体的电力电缆使用电连接器连接到电连接适配器。
或者,至少一个光纤和至少一个电导体可由复合光纤/电导体连接器端接。复合光纤/电导体连接适配器可位于至少一个端口中。具有至少一个光纤的光纤电缆和具有至少一个电导体的电力电缆使用复合光纤/电连接器连接到复合光纤/光纤连接适配器。
壳体可包含附接到复合电缆的密封材料。密封材料形成在光纤电缆和电力电缆周围以形成至少一个端口用于通向壳体外部。密封材料可为环氧树脂、硅树脂或任何其他适当材料或组成物。模制覆盖物可定位在密封材料上方。
本文中公开的实施方式还包括具有壳体的复合光/电终端,所述壳体具有限定内腔的壁。至少一个端口延伸穿过壳体的壁以在内腔与壳体外部之间提供通道。壳体具有电缆端口,所述电缆端口用于通过壳体接收复合电缆,所述复合电缆具有具备至少一个光纤的光纤电缆和具备至少一个电导体的电力电缆。光纤电缆和电力电缆在内腔中与复合电缆分离并布线穿过内腔到至少一个端口。壳体的壁可具有成角表面,其中至少一个端口在成角表面处通过壳体的壁定位。使从壳体外部到与复合电缆分离的光纤电缆和电力电缆的连接成为可能。
至少一个光纤和至少一个电导体可由复合光纤/电导体连接器端接。复合光纤/电导体连接适配器可位于至少一个端口中。具有至少一个光纤的光纤电缆和具有至少一个电导体的电力电缆可使用复合光纤/电连接器连接到复合光纤/光纤连接适配器。
或者,至少一个光纤可由光纤连接器端接,并且,至少一个电导体可由电连接器端接。至少一个端口可为两个端口,一个为光端口且一个为电端口。光纤连接适配器可位于光端口中,且电连接适配器可位于电端口中。具有至少一个光纤的光纤电缆使用光纤连接器连接到光纤连接适配器。具有至少一个电导体的电力电缆使用电连接器连接到电连接适配器。
本文中公开的实施方式还包括一种从复合电缆分支光纤电缆和电力电缆的方法。方法包括:从复合电缆剥去护套、护罩和其他组件以暴露光纤电缆和电力电缆。光纤电缆具有至少一个光纤,并且,电力电缆具有至少一个电导体。方法还包括:提供用于接收复合电缆的壳体,其中壳体具有至少一个端口;和将光纤电缆和电力电缆布线到至少一个端口。方法还可包括:用光纤连接器连接至少一个光纤的末端;和连接至少一个电导体的末端。使从壳体外部到与复合电缆分离的光纤电缆和电力电缆的连接成为可能。
将在随后的详细描述中阐述额外特征和优点,并且对本领域的技术人员来说,额外特征和优点将部分地自描述中显而易见或通过实践本文中(包括随后的详细描述、权利要求书及附图)描述的实施方式来认识到。
应了解,前文一般描述和下文详细描述两者仅为示范性的且意在提供概述或框架以理解权利要求书的性质与特性。包括附随图式以提供进一步理解,且附随图式并入本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。图式图示一或多个实施例,并与描述一起用以解释各种实施方式的原理和操作。
附图说明
图1是包括单元格塔和发射机基站的基地台的示意图,所述发射机基站具有复合电缆、电缆分支总成、远程无线电头端和天线;
图2A是包括终端的电缆分支总成的示范性实施方式的侧视示意图;
图2B是图2A的终端的前视示意图;
图3是使用环氧树脂插头和可选模制覆盖物的电缆分支总成的示范性实施方式的示意图;
图4是以具有基座和盖的多端口形式的终端的前视图;和
图5是图4的从基座移除盖的终端的视图。
具体实施方式
现将详细参考实施方式,所述实施方式的实例图示在附图中,在附图中图示部分(而非全部)实施方式。当然,概念可以许多不同形式体现且不应解释为对本文的限制。相反,提供这些实施方式,以使得本公开案将满足适用的法律要求。若可能,将用相同元件符号指示相同组件或零件。
如本文中所使用,术语(复合物和混合物)可互换使用并各自应意味光纤(包括(但不限于)光纤、电缆、连接和/或组件)和电力(包括(但不限于)导体、电缆、连接和/或组件)的组合。复合光纤/电力连接器可用于终端或非终端分支总成中。接地任何金属屏蔽物或导体的构件(接地导体)可提供在分支总成处或附近。
如本文中所使用,术语“光纤电缆”和/或“光纤”旨在包括所有类型的单模和多模光波导,包括一或多个光纤,所述光纤可镀膜、上色、缓冲、成带和/或具有电缆中的其他组织结构或防护结构,例如,一或多个管、强度部件、护套等等。本文中公开的光纤可为单模光纤或多模光纤。同样地,其他类型的适合光纤包括弯曲非敏感光纤或用于传输光信号的任何其他有利的介质。弯曲不敏感或耐弯曲光纤的实例为可从Corning Incorporated购得的多模光纤。例如,在美国专利申请公开案第2008/0166094号和第2009/0169163号中公开所述类型的适当光纤,上述申请公开案的公开内容的全文均以引用的方式并入本文中。
如本文中所使用,术语“电力电缆”和/或“电导体”旨在包括用于传输电力的由任何导电材料制成的所有类型电缆和/或导体,包括(但不限于)铜和铝,且为任何形式,包括(但不限于)多个或单个导体且无论是否为护套、铠装和/或类似者。
就此而言,图1图示WSP的基地台10。基地台10包括塔12、收发机基站(BTS)14、复合直立电缆16(也称作“混合电缆”)、分支点18、RRH20和天线22。复合电缆16从BTS14沿塔12向上延伸到天线水平24或附近。复合电缆16具有一或多个光纤电缆26和一或多个电力电缆28,且虽然未图示,但复合电缆16可具有屏蔽物。在天线水平24处,在分支点18处,某些光纤电缆26和某些电力电缆28可与复合电缆16分离。光纤电缆26和电力电缆28随后可延伸到远程无线电头端(RRH)20且被结构化为与远程无线电电缆总成(RRCA)29。电力电缆28提供操作RRH20所必需的电力。RRH光纤电缆26在发射机基站(BTS)14与RRH20之间传送光通信信号。
RRH20通过电信号电缆30电连接到天线22。用户的通信装置34与无线服务供应商(WSP)之间的无线信号32由天线22接收及传输。天线22将由天线22接收的无线信号32转换成电信号且通过电信号电缆30将电信号32传输到RRH20。类似地,天线20从RRH20接收电信号、将电信号转换成无线信号32且将无线信号32传输到用户的通信装置34。BTS14将通信信号在电信号与光信号之间转换。以此方式,BTS14将自WSP的通信网络接收的电信号转换成待由光纤电缆26传送的光信号,且将从RRH20接收的光信号转换成待通过WSP的通信网络传输到WSP的电信号。
现参看图2A、图2B和图3,图示两种类型的分支总成18。图2A和图2B分别图示复合光/电终端40的侧视图和前视图。终端40具有壳体42,所述壳体42具有限定内腔46的壁44。至少一个端口48、50延伸穿过壁44以在内腔46与壳体42的外部之间提供通道。至少一个端口47可为一或多个光端口48和一或多个电端口50。或者或另外,至少一个端口47可为一或多个复合光/电端口。至少一个端口47可定位在壳体42的壁44的成角表面52上,此情况可提供如下所述的益处。
图示复合电缆16进入壳体42。复合电缆16包括一或多个光纤电缆26和一或多个电力电缆28。在内腔46中,光纤电缆26和电力电缆28与复合电缆16分离且布线到各个光端口48和电端口50。在图2A中,图示两个光纤电缆26和两个电力电缆28布线到其各个端口48、50。然而,任何数目的光纤电缆26和电力电缆28可布线到单一端口。光纤连接适配器62位于光端口48中,且电力连接适配器64位于电端口50中。光纤电缆26中的一或多个光纤56可由光纤连接器54端接且在壳体42的内腔46中通过光端口48连接到光纤连接适配器62。电力电缆28中的一或多个电导体58可由电连接器60端接且在壳体42的内腔46中通过电端口50连接到电力连接适配器64。或者,光纤电缆26可包括多个光纤56,作为非限制性实例,两个光纤56,所述光纤56可布线到单一光纤连接适配器62。类似地,电力电缆28可具有多个电导体58,作为非限制性实例,两个电导体58,所述电导体58可布线到单一电连接适配器64。
光纤连接适配器62提供用于待光学地且机械地连接到光纤电缆26的光纤26,所述光纤电缆26在壳体42外延伸到RRH20。光纤连接适配器62可为任何适当单光纤或多光纤连接适配器。作为非限制性实例,SC、LC(单一和双工)、MTP或硬化连接适配器,例如,用于单光纤连接的连接器适配器或用于多光纤连接的光纤适配器,如由北卡罗来纳州希柯利市的Corning Cable Systems LLC所提供。电连接适配器64提供用于待电力地且机械地连接到电力电缆28的电导体28,所述电力电缆28在壳体42外延伸到RRH20。电连接适配器64可为允许电导体之间的安全连接的任何适当装置。壁44的成角表面52以促进光纤电缆26和电力电缆28从壳体42延伸且布线到RRH20的方式定向光纤电缆26到光纤连接适配器62的连接和电力电缆28到电连接适配器64的连接的方向。
或者或另外,复合光纤/电导体连接适配器63可位于至少一个端口47中。在此情况下,具有至少一个光纤56的光纤电缆26和具有至少一个电导体58的电力电缆28可由复合光纤/电导体连接器65端接。光纤电缆26和电力电缆28布线到至少一个端口47,其中复合光纤/电导体连接器65连接到复合光纤/电导体连接适配器63。以此方式,使用一个连接器和一个适配器穿过一个端口可建立光连接、电连接和机械连接。
可包括用于壳体42的保护盖70以提供额外保护免受自然要素(例如,雨)影响且提供抗物理冲击保护。接地导体72连接到复合电缆16的护罩并从所述护罩延伸以将复合电缆16接地到终端40。作为非限制性实例,接地导体72可连接到接地片或杆或一些其他适当特征结构、装置或方式,以使得从复合电缆16到终端40且到RRH20和天线22建立连续接地路径。
现参看图2B,图示壳体42的正面以及壳体42的壁44的成角表面50。在这个实施方式中,壳体42具有一排六个光端口48和一排六个电端口50。然而,可使用任何数目的光端口48和电端口50,并且,不必对光端口48和电端口50的位置进行任何特殊定位或在光端口48与电端口50之间进行分离或隔离。作为非限制性实例,光端口48和电端口50可通过壁44以背靠背配置定位在壳体42的相对侧上,以及光端口48和电端口50。而且,作为非限制性实例,其他配置可为“3+3”(三个光端口48和三个电端口50)配置和“4+4”(四个光端口48和四个电端口50)配置。
现参看图3,图示不包括终端40以及壳体42的分支总成18(例如,图2A和图2B中的实施方式所示)的实施方式。在图3中,复合电缆16具有具备光纤56的光纤电缆26和具备电导体58的电力电缆28。电缆外护套/护罩被剥去以进入光纤电缆26和电力电缆28。光纤电缆26和电力电缆28通过密封材料74从复合电缆16延伸或分支。密封材料74可为任何适当材料,包括(但不限于)环氧树脂、硅树脂或另一组成物。密封材料74形成在至少一个光纤电缆和至少一个电力电缆周围,以形成用于通向密封材料74外部的至少一个端口75。以此方式,密封材料74提供壳体用于分支总成18。
光纤56可由光纤连接器54端接,并且,电力导体58可由电连接器60端接。另外,分支总成18可包括模制覆盖物76,所述模制覆盖物76在图3中以虚线图示。然而,分支总成18的这个实施方式可例如包括通过预连接光纤电缆26及光纤56与电力电缆28及电导体58定位于某一类型的外壳、壳体或接线盒中。光纤电缆26和电力电缆28接着可直接或使用适当长度跳线朝向RRH20延伸。
现参看图4和图5,图示可用作用于分支总成18(如图2A和图2B中所示)的终端40的壳体42。图4和图5中所示的壳体42可为(例如)由北卡罗来纳州希柯利市的Corning Cable Systems LLC提供的12端口多端口终端。壳体42包括包含基座80和盖82的壁44。图4图示组装有基座80和盖82的壳体42,并且,图5为图4的反面透视图,图示从基座80移除盖82的壳体42且图示内腔46。
基座80具有光端口48和电端口50延伸穿过的成角表面52。复合电缆16可通过电缆端口84进入壳体42。适当应变消除特征结构86可包括以为复合电缆16提供应变消除。在内腔46中,复合电缆16的护套和任何其他组件被移除以允许具有光纤56的个别光纤电缆26和具有电导体58的个别电力电缆28与复合电缆16分离。具有光纤56的光纤电缆26布线到光端口48。具有电导体58的电力电缆28布线到电力端口50。图示两个光纤电缆26和两个电力电缆28布线到其各自的端口48、50。光纤连接适配器62位于光端口48中,并且,电力连接适配器64位于电力端口50中。光纤电缆26中的光纤56由光纤连接器54端接且在光端口48中连接到光纤连接适配器62。电力电缆28中的电导体58由电导体60端接且在电端口50中连接到电力连接适配器64。
得益于前述描述和相关图式中呈现的教示,实施方式所属领域的技术人员将想到本文中所述许多修改和其他实施方式。因此,应了解,描述和权利要求书并不限于公开的特定实施方式,并且,修改和其他实施方式意欲包括在附随权利要求书的范围内。如果实施方式的修改和变化在附随权利要求书和附随权利要求书的等效物的范围内,那么实施方式旨在涵盖所述修改和变化。尽管本文中采用特定术语,但所述术语仅用于一般及描述性意义而非用于限制目的。

Claims (10)

1.一种复合电缆分支总成,所述复合电缆分支总成包含:
壳体,所述壳体用于接收具有光纤电缆和电力电缆的复合电缆;至少一个端口,所述至少一个端口在所述壳体中提供通向所述壳体的外部的通道,和
密封材料,所述密封材料设置在所述至少一个端口中并围绕所述复合电缆,从而所述密封材料形成使所述壳体的内部与所述壳体的所述外部分离的密封;
其中由所述壳体接收的所述复合电缆的所述光纤电缆和所述电力电缆在所述壳体中与所述复合电缆分离并布线到所述至少一个端口,且其中所述光纤电缆具有至少一个光纤,且所述电力电缆具有至少一个电导体,且其中使从所述壳体的所述外部到与所述复合电缆分离的所述光纤电缆和所述电力电缆的连接成为可能。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合电缆分支总成,且其中所述至少一个光纤由光纤连接器端接,且其中所述至少一个电导体由电连接器端接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的复合电缆分支总成,所述复合电缆分支总成进一步包含终端,其中所述壳体为所述终端的所述壳体,且其中所述至少一个端口穿过所述壳体的壁。
4.如权利要求3所述的复合电缆分支总成,其中所述至少一个端口包含两个端口,所述端口包含光端口和电端口,且进一步包含位于所述光端口中的光纤连接适配器和位于所述电端口中的电连接适配器,且其中具有所述至少一个光纤的所述光纤电缆使用所述光纤连接器连接到所述光纤连接适配器,且其中具有所述一个电导体的所述电力电缆使用所述电连接器连接到所述电连接适配器。
5.如权利要求1所述的复合电缆分支总成,其中所述密封材料形成在所述光纤电缆和所述电力电缆周围,从而形成用于通向所述壳体的所述外部的所述至少一个端口。
6.如权利要求5所述的复合电缆分支总成,其中所述密封材料包含环氧树脂及硅树脂中至少一个。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的复合电缆分支总成,所述复合电缆分支总成进一步包含模制覆盖物,所述模制覆盖物在所述密封材料上方。
8.如权利要求1所述的复合电缆分支总成,其中所述至少一个光纤和所述至少一个电导体由复合光纤/电导体连接器端接。
9.如权利要求8所述的复合电缆分支总成,所述复合电缆分支总成进一步包含位于所述至少一个端口中的复合光纤/电导体连接适配器,且其中具有所述至少一个光纤的所述光纤电缆和具有所述至少一个电导体的所述电力电缆使用所述复合光纤/电导体连接到所述复合光纤/光纤连接适配器。
10.如权利要求1所述的复合电缆分支总成,所述复合电缆分支总成进一步包含接地导体,所述接地导体附接到所述复合电缆的护罩用于将所述复合电缆接地到所述复合电缆分支总成。
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CN104081237A (zh) 2014-10-01
EP2771727A1 (en) 2014-09-03
US20130108227A1 (en) 2013-05-02
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