CN1054591A - 尿嘧啶肉桂酯除草剂 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明公开了上式结构的化合物:
其中:R是C1-C12烷基,直链的或支链的;或C3-C12
链烯基;R1是C1-C12烷基,直链的或支链的,并能形
成一个碳环;X是氢或卤素;Y是氢或卤素;该化合
物具有除草活性。本发明还公开了包括含有该化合
物和载体的除草组合物,以及用该化合物控制有害植
物生长的方法。本发明也公开了制备该化合物的方
法。
Description
本发明涉及新的3-烷基-4-(三氟甲基)尿嘧啶的肉桂酯衍生物,该类化合物显示了特别满意的选择性的除草活性。另一方面,本发明又涉及含有该化合物的除草组合物和使用该肉桂酯衍生物控制植物生长的方法。第三方面,本发明还涉及该类化合物的制备方法。
在重要的农作物如谷物、花生和棉花的耕作过程中,以及在许多园艺作物的耕作中控制杂草是必不可少的。再者,在非垦地面积上这些杂草的存在可能会引起火灾,或者可能会导致不希望的砂堆或雪堆,或者产生对人体具有过敏反应的刺激物。因此,杂草的控制,特别是以那种能够选择性地控制这些植物而同时不会对所需要的农作物或植被有所伤害,是很有益处的。
化学文摘107:198078 a(1987)叙述了一些肉桂酯,它们被认为对一系列的双子叶植物具有芽后除草活性,然而,该肉桂酯部分在苯环的5-位上具有一个异吲哚部分,而不是尿嘧啶部分,而后者恰是本发明化合物的主题。
第一方面,本发明涉及下式化合物:
其中:
R是C1-C12烷基,直链的或支链的;或C3-C12链烯基;
R1是C1-C2烷基,直链的或支链的并且可形成一个碳环;
X是氢或卤素;以及
Y是氢或卤素。
第二方面,本发明涉及含有下列成分的除草组合物:
(a)作为活性成分的具有上述式(Ⅰ)结构的化合物;和
(b)适宜的载体。
第三方面,本发明涉及一种控制不需要的植物生长的方法,该方法包括施用有效除草量的上述式(Ⅰ)化合物。
本发明还涉及制备式(Ⅰ)化合物的方法,更具体的描述见下文。
第一步骤中肉桂酸(Ⅲ)的形成需要一个强碱如哌啶或吗啉,并在有机碱溶剂如吡啶中进行。酯(Ⅳ)的制备是用本领域中已知的标准方法完成的,例如,先形成酰氯,然后用一个合适的醇处理,或在过量的醇中与催化量的无机酸一起回流。硝基化合物(Ⅳ)最好是在含醇水溶液中,在有一些无机酸的存在下有用铁屑进行还原。异氰酸酯(Ⅵ)可以用光气制备,乙酸乙酯作溶剂。尿嘧啶(Ⅶ)可以通过异氰酸酯与3-氨基-4,4,4-三氟-2-丁烯酸乙酯的钠盐在零下温度下进行反应来制备。这个尿嘧啶用一适当的烷基卤(RX,其中X是卤素),与碱如碳酸钾一起在DMF溶剂中进行烷基化反应便得到了本发明化合物。
本发明的组合物是由(a)有效除草量的作为活性成分的式(Ⅰ)化合物,和(b)适宜的载体组成的。这些组合物可以含有一种或多种本发明的新化合物。
为了制备这些组合物,可以将尿嘧啶肉桂酯与辅助剂混合,得到细碎的颗粒固体、无定形颗粒、丸剂、可湿性粉剂、可流动性液体、可溶性粉剂、溶液、以及水溶液或有机溶剂分散体或乳剂等形式的组合物。这些制剂可以是几种不同的物理和化学型制剂,并且可以用一种熟悉的技术制备。例如,可以将农用活性化合物浸渍到细碎的或颗粒状的无机或有机载体上,这些载体的例子包括:硅镁土粘土,沙子,蛭石,玉米穗轴,活性炭或其它本领域已知的颗粒载体。然后将浸渍颗粒散布到土壤上或混到土壤中。
另一种方法是,可将化合物配制成可湿性粉剂,将其研磨成细粉未,然后与非活性粉未状载体混合,该载体中已加入了表面活性分散剂。常用的粉末状固体载体是多种无机硅酸盐(例如云母、滑石、叶蜡石、粘土等)或粉末状的有机物质(如玉米穗轴)。然后可将这些可湿性粉剂分散到水中,散布到土壤表面,或农作物或杂草植物上。
类似地,也可以将化合物溶于溶剂中制成可乳化的浓缩物。溶剂的例子包括:石脑油、甲苯、或其它芳香烃或脂肪烃,该溶剂中一般已加入了表面活性分散剂。然后将该可乳化浓缩分物散于水中,供喷雾使用。
组合物中活性化合物的浓度可以在很宽的范围内变化,一般大约是从1%~95%(重量)。施用于土壤或叶子上的分散体中的活性化合物的浓度一般大约是在0.002%~80%(重量)之间。
含有一种或多种活性成分的制剂可以被分散于水或有机液体(如油)中,然后施用于目标植物。可将表面活性剂加入施用溶液中,以便提高它的活性的定性范围或定量范围。对于本专业技术人员来说适宜的表面活性剂都是熟知的。合适的表面活性剂的例子可以参见McCutcheon′s Detergents and Emulsifiers(1980,Allured Publ.Co.,Ridgewood,N.J.)。类似地,这些制剂可以是液体或颗粒形式
施用于土壤。
对于作为芽前除草剂的使用,通常将本发明化合物以每英亩大约0.01至10磅的比例(大约0.01~11kg/ha)施用于含有杂草和农作物种子的土壤中。这种使用或者在土壤的表面进行,或者在地表层1至3英寸(2.5~7.5cm)的土壤中进行。当作为芽后除草剂使用时,通常将化合物以每英亩大约0.01至10磅的比例(大约0.01~11kg/ha)施用于杂草的地上部分。
在任何给定的情况下,施用量的最合适比例可以取决于下列因素,如:土壤类型、土壤PH值、土壤的有机物质成分、处理前后的降雨量和降雨密度、空气和土壤温度、每天的日光密度和日光持续时间等。所有这些因素都对该化合物控制给定杂草的使用效果有所影响。然而,一个本领域的专业人员能够通过常规实验很容易地确定出任一具体化合物的使用最适宜条件。
除草剂的使用可以包括对工业场所处的植被的控制或在农作物田地中对杂草的选择性控制。
下列实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,无论如何不能以任何方式认为它们限制了本发明的范围。
实施例1
3-[2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯(3号化合物)的制备。
步骤1:3-(2-氯-5-硝基苯基)-2-丙烯酸
将2-氯-5-硝基苯甲醛(100g,0.54mole)、丙二酸(122g,1.2mole)的吡啶(300ml)和哌啶(5ml)的混合物在100℃时加热1小时,在此期间有大量的气体产生。将反应混合物再回流几分钟后,令其冷却。收集生成的沉淀物,用水洗涤并干燥,得到标题物,产率为80%,m.p.226~228℃。
步骤2:3-(2-氯-5-硝基苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
将步骤1得到的酸(98g)与亚硫酰氯(300ml)一起回流2小时,然后除去过量的亚硫酰氯。向剩余物中加入异丙醇(300ml)并将整个反应物回流3小时。冷却后,得到黄色沉淀产物。过滤收集后,用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,然后用水洗涤,干燥,得到标题物,产率为89%,m.p.74~75℃。
步骤3:3-(5-氨基-2-氯苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
将乙醇(144ml)、水(41ml)、盐酸(4.3ml)和铁粉(63g,100目)的混合物搅拌并加热到70℃,将步骤2得到的酯(98g,0.36mole)分批加入到上述混合物上;每次加入时都有热量放出。加完后将反应混合物回流3小时,并趁热过滤。冷却后产物被沉淀出来。将其过滤收集,用乙醇洗涤并干燥。产率为78%,m.p.98~100℃。
步骤4:2-(2-氯-5-异氰酸根合苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
将步骤3所得酯(26g)的乙酸乙酯(100ml)溶液滴加到搅拌着的光气的乙酸乙酯(200ml)饱和溶液中。不停地搅拌使光气连续进入溶液中。加完后,在常压下蒸除部分溶剂以便于除去过量的光气,剩余的溶剂在旋转式汽化器去除去。。将得到的剩余物蒸馏,得到异氰酸酯,b.p.133~140℃(0.15mm),产率为75%。
步骤5:3-[2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-2,6-二氧代-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯,钠盐
将氢化钠(3.4g,60%,0.88mole)用石油醚洗涤,然后用无水THF(200ml)覆盖,0℃时,在30分钟内,搅拌着滴加3-氨基-4-三氟代-2-丁烯酸乙酯的无水THF(100ml)溶液进行处理。用干冰/丙酮浴将混合物冷却至-70℃,并在10分钟内用异氰酸酯(21.6g,0.08mole)的无水THF(100ml)溶液进行处理。加完后,将反应物在-70℃时搅拌2小时,然后令其升温至室温并放置过夜。除去大部分THF,向尿嘧啶的钠盐沉淀物中加入足够量的二氯甲烷。过滤收集钠盐,并用二氯甲烷洗涤,然后用石油醚(b.p.30-60℃)洗涤,并干燥,产率为94%。
步骤6:3-[2-氯-5-[3,5-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
将步骤5所得钠盐(8.4g,0.02mole)的DMF(25ml)液用碘代甲烷(3ml)处理,并在室温下搅拌过夜。加入水,过滤收集得到的沉淀物,并从异丙醇中重结晶,得到最终产物,m.p.200~202℃,其NMR和IR与式(Ⅰ),其中X=H,y=cl,R=CH3,R′=CH(CH3)2的化合物一致。
实施例2
3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[3,6-二氢-2,6-二氧代-3-甲基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯(5号化合物)的制备
步骤1:3-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-丙烯酸
如实施例1的步骤1,得到的产物是一白色固体,m.p.253~255℃,产率为75%。
步骤2:3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯基)-2-丙烯酸
将步骤1的产物(51g,0.25mole)溶于浓硫酸(250ml)中,并冷至-5℃。在低于0℃的温度下滴加发烟硝酸(14ml,d 1.5)。将硝化混合物升温至室温并放置过夜。当把反应物倾入冰(3kg)中时得到一白色沉淀物,过滤收集,用水洗涤并干燥,m.p.164-171℃,产率为80%。
步骤3:3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
如实施例1的步骤2,分离得到产物产率为66%,m.p.95-96℃。
步骤4:3-(5-氨基-2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
如实施例1的步骤3,制备产物,产率为76%,m.p.72-75℃。
步骤5:3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-异氰酸根合苯基)-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯
如实施例1的步骤4,得到产物产率为54%,b.p.135-143℃(0.3mm)。
步骤6:3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[3,6-二氢-2,6-二氧代-3-甲基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯,钠盐
用相似于实施例1步骤5的方法,分离得到这个钠盐。
步骤7:3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[3,6-二氢-2,6-二氧代-3-甲基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸1-甲基乙酯,
将步骤6所得钠盐(6.0g,0.014mole)的异丙醇(25ml)液与硫酸二甲酯(18g,0.015mole)混合,80℃时将反应混合物搅拌并加热2小时,然后在室温下放置过夜。过滤除去无机物质后,蒸去溶剂,得到一黄色沉淀物,产率为33%,m.p.137~139℃。
最终产物和中间体的NMR和IR光谱,以及元素分析都与理论值一致。
实施例3
基本上用上述方法制备本发明范围内的其它化合物。这些化合物的结构和熔点概括于下列表Ⅰ中。
表1
Compound R X Y R1M.P.℃
1 H H Cl CH(CH3)2260-264
2 Na H Cl CH(CH3)2300
3 CH3H Cl CH(CH3)2205-207
4 CH2CHCH2H Cl CH(CH3)2134-136
5 CH3F Cl CH(CH3)2137-139
6 CH3F Cl CH(CH3)CH2CH3131-133
7 CH3F Cl CH(CH2CH3)2106-107
8 CH3H H CH(CH3)2128-130
实施例4
芽前控制
为了说明本发明化合物作为芽前除草剂的效果,将下面所列的化合物的每一种取300mg溶于10ml丙酮中,丙酮液中已加入了30mg的乳化剂,乙氧基化的脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯。用蒸馏水将该溶液稀释至100ml。取10ml浓度为3000ppm的溶液用蒸馏水稀释至250ppm。以10 1b/A(11.2kg/ha)的比例施用化合物,即用46ml的250ppm的溶液浸润4.5英寸(11.25cm)塑料罐中的土壤表面,罐中已种上了下列杂草的种子:麻(Abutilon theophrasti Medic.)(VL),曼陀罗(Datura stramonium L.)(JW),圆叶牵牛(Ipomea purpurea L.Roth)(TM),柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum L.)(SG),稗(Echinolchloa crus-galli(L.)Beauv.)(BG),狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.)(GF)。处理后测定两个星期与未处理的对照组相比较的杂草控制百分数。该实验结果概括于表Ⅱ中。表中的数据表明了本发明化合物显示的极好的除草效力。
表Ⅱ
芽前活性
(施量为11.2kg/ha的控制百分数%)
化合物 VL JW TM BG SG GF
1 50 50 0 0 0 0
2 95 0 0 0 0 0
3 100 100 100 100 100 100
4 25 40 0 70 75 100
5 100 100 100 100 100 100
6 100 100 100 100 100 100
7 100 100 25 100 100 100
8 0 - 0 0 0 0
实施例5
芽后控制
为了试验本发明化合物作为芽后除草剂的效果,用DEVILBISS[商标]喷雾器喷哂3000ppm的溶液(按照实施例4所述的方法制备),润湿杂草的叶子至有水滴点。其余的步骤与实施例4所述的相同。在杂草出芽后6天进行处理,杂草的品种与实施例4所述的相同。处理后测定两个星期杂草的控制百分数。该试验的结果概括于表Ⅲ中。
表Ⅲ
芽后活性
(施量为3000ppm的控制百分数10%)
化合物 VL JW TM BG SG GF
1 0 5 0 10 0 10
2 0 0 5 0 0 0
3 100 100 100 100 100 100
4 50 40 35 25 5 35
5 100 100 100 100 100 100
6 100 100 100 100 100 100
7 100 100 100 100 100 100
8 95 10 90 100 25 60
上述数据表明了本发明化合物显示的所期望的有选择性的芽后除草控制。
Claims (15)
2、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R是甲基,X是氢,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
3、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
4、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)CH2CH3。
5、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH2CH3)2。
6、一种除草组合物,含有(a)权利要求1的化合物,和(b)合适的载体。
7、根据权利要求6的组合物,其中R是甲基,X是氢,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
8、根据权利要求6的组合物,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
9、根据权利要求6的组合物,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)CH2CH3。
10、根据权利要求6的组合物,其R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH2CH3)2。
11、一种控制有害植物生长的方法,包括向这些植物的滋生地施用除草有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
12、根据权利要求11的方法,其中R是甲基,X是氢,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
13、根据权利要求11的方法,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)2。
14、根据权利要求11的方法,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH3)CH2CH3。
15、根据权利要求11的方法,其中R是甲基,X是氟,Y是氯,R1是CH(CH2CH3)2。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US474955 | 1990-02-02 | ||
| US07/474,955 US4979982A (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | Herbicidal cinnamic ester uracils |
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| CN1054591A true CN1054591A (zh) | 1991-09-18 |
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| CN91101126A Pending CN1054591A (zh) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | 尿嘧啶肉桂酯除草剂 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4979982A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1054591A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU7238691A (zh) |
| CS (1) | CS24291A2 (zh) |
| IE (1) | IE910217A1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL97074A0 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT96645A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1991011442A1 (zh) |
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| US5084084A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1992-01-28 | Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd. | Uracil derivatives and herbicides containing the same as active ingredient |
| DE69104071T2 (de) * | 1990-01-18 | 1995-05-11 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Uracilderivate und Pestizide, die diese als wirksame Stoffe enthalten. |
| DE4033808A1 (de) * | 1990-04-11 | 1991-10-17 | Bayer Ag | Naphthalinderivate |
| DE4131038A1 (de) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-01 | Basf Ag | Substituierte 3-phenylurazile |
| US5399543A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1995-03-21 | Fmc Corporation | 3-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-1-substituted-6-haloalkyl-uracil herbicides |
| DE4329537A1 (de) * | 1993-09-02 | 1995-03-09 | Basf Ag | Substituierte 1-Amino-3-phenyluracile |
| DE4424791A1 (de) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-18 | Basf Ag | Substituierte Zimtoxim- und Zimthydroxamid-Derivate |
| US5580544A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-12-03 | Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. | Paste formulation useful for seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants |
| DE19528186A1 (de) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-06 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| DE19612032A1 (de) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-09 | Basf Ag | Substituierte 1-Methyl-3-benzyluracile |
| US5719103A (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 1998-02-17 | Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. | Powder formulation useful for seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants |
| DE19621311A1 (de) | 1996-05-28 | 1997-12-04 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| AU750045B2 (en) | 1998-07-09 | 2002-07-11 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted phenyl uracils |
| DE19927612A1 (de) * | 1999-06-17 | 2000-12-21 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| DE19932813A1 (de) | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-18 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| DE19954312A1 (de) | 1999-11-11 | 2001-05-17 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| DE10016893A1 (de) | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-18 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| DE10051981A1 (de) | 2000-10-20 | 2002-05-02 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Phenyluracile |
| US7081436B2 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2006-07-25 | General Electric Company | Paste formulation for seed treatment of plants |
| US6956129B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2005-10-18 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Polyhalogen-substituted cinnamic acids and cinnamic acid derivatives and a process for the preparation of polyhalogen-substituted cinnamic acids and cinnamic acid derivatives |
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| US4338318A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1982-07-06 | Zoecon Corporation | Novel compositions and methods |
| DK167280B1 (da) * | 1985-03-20 | 1993-10-04 | Ciba Geigy Ag | 3-aryluracilderivater, fremgangsmaade til fremstilling deraf, ukrudtsbekaempelsesmidler indeholdende disse derivater samt anvendelsen af derivaterne til ukrudtsbekaempelse |
| DE3603789A1 (de) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-13 | Basf Ag | N-substituierte 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide |
| DK366887A (da) * | 1986-07-31 | 1988-05-13 | Hoffmann La Roche | Pyrimidinderivater |
| JPH02262565A (ja) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-10-25 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | ピリミジン誘導体、その製造法およびこれらを含有する除草剤ならびに除草剤組成物 |
| DE3901705A1 (de) * | 1989-01-21 | 1990-07-26 | Basf Ag | N-phenyltetrahydroindazolderivate der allgemeinen formeln ia und ib |
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1990
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- 1991-01-24 WO PCT/US1991/000518 patent/WO1991011442A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-01-28 IL IL97074A patent/IL97074A0/xx unknown
- 1991-01-30 YU YU15291A patent/YU15291A/sh unknown
- 1991-02-01 PT PT96645A patent/PT96645A/pt unknown
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| ZA91466B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| YU15291A (sh) | 1994-04-05 |
| PT96645A (pt) | 1991-10-31 |
| CS24291A2 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
| AU7238691A (en) | 1991-08-21 |
| WO1991011442A1 (en) | 1991-08-08 |
| IE910217A1 (en) | 1991-08-14 |
| IL97074A0 (en) | 1992-03-29 |
| US4979982A (en) | 1990-12-25 |
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