CN1069720C - 重型设备用的可变优先装置 - Google Patents

重型设备用的可变优先装置 Download PDF

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CN1069720C
CN1069720C CN95108974.9A CN95108974A CN1069720C CN 1069720 C CN1069720 C CN 1069720C CN 95108974 A CN95108974 A CN 95108974A CN 1069720 C CN1069720 C CN 1069720C
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scraper bowl
pivoted arm
aperture
actuator
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CN1119692A (zh
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郑大承
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Volvo Construction Equipment AB
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Volvo Construction Equipment Korea Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
    • E02F9/2296—Systems with a variable displacement pump
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
    • E02F9/2282—Systems using center bypass type changeover valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action ; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action ; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3105—Neutral or centre positions
    • F15B2211/3116—Neutral or centre positions the pump port being open in the centre position, e.g. so-called open centre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40515—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with variable throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/42—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/428—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/45—Control of bleed-off flow, e.g. control of bypass flow to the return line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/455—Control of flow in the feed line, i.e. meter-in control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/47—Flow control in one direction only
    • F15B2211/473—Flow control in one direction only without restriction in the reverse direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7142—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders the output members being arranged in multiple groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/78—Control of multiple output members
    • F15B2211/781—Control of multiple output members one or more output members having priority

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种根据转臂工作状况而动作的重型设备的转臂可变优先装置。可变优先装置，由于在通过并行流道，将单一油泵P输出的油量送往转臂作动器和铲斗作动器的重型设备用液压装置中，具有在只限于转臂工作时，通过限制铲斗一侧的并行流道1a，可减小供给铲斗作动器的油量的装置，可以确保铲斗复合工作时，转臂的优先，而铲斗单独工作时，可以向铲斗正常供应充足的油量。

Description

重型设备用的可变优先装置
本发明涉及重型设备用的可变优先装置，特别是，重型设备的转臂的可变优先装置。
所谓“优先”是指当利用单一的油泵驱动至少2个以上的作动器工作时，控制任何一个作动器接受的油量比其它作动器接受的油量相对较多。例如，驱动挖掘机的转臂和铲斗工作的作动器接受由单一油泵供给的油，但由于一般，转臂工作时所要求的油量比铲斗工作时要求的油量要多很多，因此要限制铲斗的供给油量，利用这个被限制的铲斗的油量去增加转臂油量的供应，从而确保转臂对于铲斗的优先。对于挖掘机臂而言、就是要确保摆动优先，这个关系也同样适用。
一方面，为了附加这种优先机能，以往是使用行程限位器(strokelimiter)或小孔等，如图1所示，行程限位器101设在铲斗换向阀103上，它是通过将滑阀行程限制在所定的范围内，使阀内的供给流道105完全关闭的装置。另外，如图2所示，小孔201是设置在铲斗的并行流道203中，限制由铲斗换向阀205供给的油量的装置。
当行程限位器使铲斗换向阀内的供给流道完全关闭，并或通过小孔限制铲斗的并行流道时，铲斗油缸的供给油量减少，这个减少的油量追加供应给其他作动器，即转臂油缸，从而确保转臂相对铲斗的优先。
但是，上述的以往的装置存在下述问题：与相应作动器的单独动作或复合动作无关，总是只是限制流路，即，当铲斗和转臂同时复合动作时，由于行程限位器或小孔的影响，可以确保转臂相对于铲斗的优先，然而，当只有铲斗单独动作的时候，由于铲斗的流路也受限制，因此存在产生不必要的压力损失，招致由过载引起的发热，铲斗的工作速度迟缓等种种问题。
因此，本发明的目的是要提供一种重型设备用的转臂可变优先装置，它在铲斗单独动作时，小孔机能解除，能向铲斗供应充足的油量，而在铲斗与转臂复合动作时，小孔起作用，利用供给铲斗的油量减少，相对地增加对转臂侧的油量供给而确保转臂对于铲斗的优选机能。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的重型设备用的转臂可变优先装置，在重型设备用的液压装置中，由单一油泵输出的油量，通过并行流道，供给转臂作动器和铲斗作动器，其特征在于：具有优先控制阀，它设置在上述铲斗一侧的并行流路中，通过可在小孔状态和小孔解除状态间切换的弹性装置，在小孔解除状态下被初始设定，同时利用使上述转臂的换向阀的滑阀移动的控制压力，克服上述弹性装置的弹性力，切换至小孔状态，该优先控制阀可以在只限于上述转臂工作时，通过限制上述铲斗的并行流路，减小供给上述铲斗作动器的油量。
附图的简要说明
图1为说明为了确保以往的转臂优先机能，设置在铲斗换向阀上的行程限位器的液压回路图。
图2为说明为了确保以往的转臂优先机能，设置在铲斗一侧的并行流道中的小孔的液压回路图。
图3为说明根据本发明的一个实施例的转臂可变优先装置的液压回路图。
符号说明
P-油泵；T-油箱；1-并行流道；1a-铲斗一侧的并行流道；3-特臂的换向阀；4-铲斗的换向阀；11-优先控制阀；12-压力设定弹簧。
下面，根据附图来说明本发明的优选实施例。
图3表示了根据本发明的一个实施例的，重型设备用的转臂可变优先装置。如图所示，由单一油泵P输出的油，通过并行流路1，独立地或复合地供给多个作动器(图中没有示出)。2表示将油量供给行走作动器(行走马达)的换向阀，3表示将油量供给转臂作动器(转臂油缸)的转臂换向阀，4表示将油量供给铲斗作动器(铲斗油缸)的铲斗换向阀。这些换向阀2、3、4在中间状态时，通过中间卸荷通道(center by-pass)，使油泵P输出的油立即流回油箱T。
在铲斗一侧的并行流道1a中有一装置11，它是在仅有转臂工作时，限制铲斗侧的并行流道，使供给铲斗作动器的油量减少的，更具体地说，这个装置11是一个优先控制阀11，它能检测转臂的工作状况(更详细地是检测使转臂换向阀3的滑阀(图中没有示出)移动的控制压力(Pi))，而在小孔状态11a与小孔解除状态11b之间进行切换。
当对优选控制阀进行更详细说明时，这个优选控制阀11初始状态是利用压力设定弹簧12设定在小孔解除状态11b的。压力设定弹簧12是利用未图示的滑阀的移动在小孔状态11a和小孔解除状态之间切换作为以所定的设定压力使上述滑阀产生弹性偏移的弹性装置，小孔状态11a是在内路流路中设置了小孔和单向阀，小孔解除状态11b是在内路流路中只设置有单向阀。
一方面，这个优先控制阀11受到为使转臂的换向阀3的滑阀移动所供给的控制压力Pi的作用，这个控制压力Pi克服上述压力设定弹簧12的弹性力，将优先控制阀11切换至小孔状态11a。即，当转臂的换向阀3的滑阀移动时(当转臂作动器工作时)，由并行流路1和1a向换向阀4供给的油量受到优先控制阀11的小孔状态11a的限制，通过将受到限制的油量部分而增加的油量追加供给换向阀3，结果可确保转臂作动器相对于铲斗作动器的可变优先机能。
以上，根据对本发明的说明可知：因为能够根据转臂的工作状况(使转臂换向阀的滑阀移动的控制压力)，在铲斗一侧的并行流道中，可以可变地调节是设定小孔机能或是解除状态，故在转臂和铲斗复合工作时，可以借助小孔的作用，确保转臂对于铲斗的优先，当铲斗单独工作时，小孔解除，可向铲斗正常地供应充足的油量。
结果，在这种利用可变小孔机能的现存的转臂优先装置中，可以抑制铲斗单独工作时产生的液压损失和过载引起的发热，铲斗的动作速度可以显著提高。

Claims (1)

1．一种重型设备用的转臂可变优先装置，在重型设备用的液压装置中，由单一油泵输出的油量，通过并行流道，供给转臂作动器和铲斗作动器，其特征在于：具有优先控制阀，它设置在上述铲斗一侧的并行流路中，通过可在小孔状态和小孔解除状态间切换的弹性装置，在小孔解除状态下被初始设定，同时利用使上述转臂的换向阀的滑阀移动的控制压力，克服上述弹性装置的弹性力，切换至小孔状态，该优先控制阀可以在只限于上述转臂工作时，通过限制上述铲斗的并行流路，减小供给上述铲斗作动器的油量。
CN95108974.9A 1994-09-30 1995-07-19 重型设备用的可变优先装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1069720C (zh)

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KR25345/94 1994-09-30
KR19940025345 1994-09-30
KR25345/1994 1994-09-30

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CN1069720C true CN1069720C (zh) 2001-08-15

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EP (1) EP0704630B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH08100446A (zh)
CN (1) CN1069720C (zh)
DE (1) DE69525123T2 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6616398B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2003-09-09 Caterpillar S.A.R.L. Lift boom assembly
KR100527378B1 (ko) * 2003-06-25 2005-11-09 볼보 컨스트럭션 이키프먼트 홀딩 스웨덴 에이비 붐합류용 스플을 이용한 중장비 옵션장치용 유압회로
JP4969541B2 (ja) * 2008-09-12 2012-07-04 住友建機株式会社 作業機械の油圧制御装置
JP5079827B2 (ja) * 2010-02-10 2012-11-21 日立建機株式会社 油圧ショベルの油圧駆動装置
WO2017164169A1 (ja) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 住友建機株式会社 ショベル及びショベル用コントロールバルブ

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US2892311A (en) * 1958-01-08 1959-06-30 Deere & Co Hydraulic apparatus
US3927603A (en) * 1972-06-12 1975-12-23 Koehring Co Control means for a pair of fluid motors
US3768372A (en) * 1972-07-13 1973-10-30 Borg Warner Control arrangement for hydraulic systems
US3977100A (en) * 1975-09-22 1976-08-31 Fiat-Allis Construction Machinery, Inc. Hydraulic control system for elevating scraper
IT1157048B (it) * 1982-06-14 1987-02-11 Fiat Allis Europ Circuito idraulico per l'alimentazione di fluido in pressione ad una pluralita di camere utilizzatrici provvisto di mezzi selezionatori per l'alimentazione prioritaria di una o piu delle suddette camere utilizzatrici
DE3611974A1 (de) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-15 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh Hydraulische vorrangsteuereinrichtung fuer mindestens zwei servomotoren
JPH076530B2 (ja) * 1986-09-27 1995-01-30 日立建機株式会社 油圧ショベルの油圧回路
JPH0495601A (ja) * 1990-08-08 1992-03-27 Nabco Ltd アクチュエータ駆動回路における切換弁のパイロット圧力制御回路

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EP0704630A2 (en) 1996-04-03
CN1119692A (zh) 1996-04-03
US5615991A (en) 1997-04-01
DE69525123D1 (de) 2002-03-14
JPH08100446A (ja) 1996-04-16
EP0704630B1 (en) 2002-01-23
DE69525123T2 (de) 2002-07-18
EP0704630A3 (en) 1997-03-12

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