CN107502987A - 一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，包括本体，所述本体包括内芯和外芯，且本体的外表面从内向外依次涂设有聚四氟乙烯涂层和陶瓷基复合涂层，所述本体由银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂组成，其配料百分比为银系抗菌母粒3％～10％。本发明提供的涤纶纤维，各组分配比科学合理，通过科学的将银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒、共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂有机结合，制备得到预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，然后将涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，从而得到永久具有抗菌、抗紫外且阻燃作用的多功能涤纶纤维，使涤纶纤维的应用范围更广泛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涤纶复合丝技术领域，具体为一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺。
背景技术
针织品经过加工织造而成的产品称之为纺织品，按用途可分为衣着用纺织品、装饰用纺织品、工业用品三大类，衣着用纺织品包括制作服装的各种纺织面料以及缝纫线、松紧带、领衬、里衬等纺织辅料和针织成衣、手套、袜子等，装饰用纺织品可分为室内用品、床上用品和户外用品，包括家居布和餐厅浴洗室用品，如：地毯、沙发套、椅子、壁毯、贴布、像罩、纺品、窗帘、毛巾、茶巾、台布、手帕等，床上用品包括床罩、床单、被面、被套、毛毯、毛巾被、枕芯、被芯、枕套等，户外用品包括人造草坪等，针织品批发的品种很多，常见的有蓬盖布、枪炮衣、过滤布、筛网、路基布等，涤纶是针织品不可缺少的原料之一，涤纶是以精对苯二甲酸（PTA）或对苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMT）和乙二（EG）为原料经酯化或酯交换和缩聚反应而制得的成纤高聚物——聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET），经纺丝和后处理制成的纤维，大量用于制造衣着面料和工业制品，涤纶具有极优良的定形性能，涤纶纱线或织物经过定形后生成的平挺、蓬松形态或褶裥等，在使用中经多次洗涤，仍能经久不变。
涤纶是世界产量最大，应用最广泛的合成纤维品种，涤纶占世界合成纤维产量的60％以上，大量用于衣料、床上用品、各种装饰布料、国防军工特殊织物等纺织品以及其他工业用纤维制品，如过滤材料、绝缘材料、轮胎帘子线、传送带等，涤纶是三大合成纤维中工艺最简单的一种，价格也相对便宜，再加上它有结实耐用、弹性好、不易变形、耐腐蚀、绝缘、挺括、易洗快干等特点，为人们所喜爱。从涤纶分子组成来看，它是由短脂肪烃链、酯基、苯环、端醇羟基所构成，涤纶分子中除存在两个端醇羟基外，并无其它极性基团，因而涤纶纤维亲水性极差，涤纶分子中约含有46％酯基，酯基在200℃以上时能发生水解、热裂解，遇强碱则皂解，使聚合度降低，100℃以下普通用量的洗涤剂洗衣粉对涤纶无任何影响；涤纶分子中还含有脂肪族烃链，它能使涤纶分子具有一定柔曲性，但由于涤纶分子中还有不能内旋转的苯环，故涤纶大分子基本为刚性分子，分子链易于保持线型，因此，涤纶大分子在这一条件下很容易形成结晶，故涤纶的结晶度和取向性较高，涤纶的用途很广，大量用于制造衣着和工业中制品，阻燃涤纶因具有永久阻燃性，应用范围很广，除了产业用纺织品、建筑内装饰、交通工具内装饰等发挥无可替代的作用外，还在防护服领域内发挥着不少的作用，根据阻燃防护服国家标准规定，冶金、林业、化工、石油、消防等部门应使用阻燃防护服，目前人们在抗紫外、抗菌或阻燃领域发展产品开发，但是仅限于单方面的对纤维进行抗紫外、抗菌或者阻燃的改性，不能解决如何将三者有机结合，得到更多功能应用范围广泛的纤维。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，包括本体，所述本体包括内芯和外芯，且本体的外表面从内向外依次涂设有聚四氟乙烯涂层和陶瓷基复合涂层，所述本体由银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂组成，其配料百分比为银系抗菌母粒3％～10％；抗紫外母粒2％～13％；共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂77％～95％。
优选的，所述内芯为涤纶纤维，外芯为锦纶纤维。
优选的，所述外芯的数量为十二个，且外芯与内芯之间通过PVC粘胶连接。
优选的，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层的厚度为30～100μm。
优选的，所述陶瓷基复合涂层的厚度为50～90μm。
优选的，所述抗紫外母粒为由重量百分比15％～25％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比75％～85％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
优选的，所述抗紫外剂为无机、有机或复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂。
优选的，所述复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂为由重量百分比6％～12％的TiO2超细粉体、8％～16％的紫外光吸收剂与余量的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
优选的，所述银系抗菌母粒由重量百分比为10％～50％的纳米银离子和纳米载体二氧化硅或者磷酸锆与重量百分比60％～80％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
优选的，其制备工艺包括以下步骤：
A、取重量百分比为20％～30％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比70％～90％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混，用螺杆挤压机挤出、切粒，制得抗紫外母粒，其中共混温度为220～270℃，螺杆转速为170～270rpm；
B、将得到的抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂共混，制得预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，其中纺丝条件为：纺丝温度270～400℃，纺丝速度50～500m/min；
C、涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，混合纺丝箱温度为265～325℃，混合纺丝箱初始压力为75～110kgf/cm2；
D、纺出的丝束经过环吹风冷却，环吹风温度为18～30℃，环吹风湿度为55％～65％，环吹风速度为0.5～0.8m/s；
E、集束上油拉伸定型，将纺出的丝束集束成单丝，经过上油拉伸定型使得单丝具有抗静电性和平滑性；
F、单丝上涂覆有聚四氟乙烯涂层、陶瓷基复合涂层；
H、卷绕，且卷绕速度为50～500m/min；
I、检验后包装。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
1、本发明提供的涤纶纤维，各组分配比科学合理，通过科学的将银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒、共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂有机结合，制备得到预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，然后将涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，从而得到永久具有抗菌、抗紫外且阻燃作用的多功能涤纶纤维，使涤纶纤维的应用范围更广泛。
2、本发明在本体的外表面从内向外依次涂设了聚四氟乙烯涂层和陶瓷基复合涂层，有效提高了本体的耐腐蚀能力，延长了其使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图；
图2为本发明涂层结构示意图；
图3为本发明配方表格示意图。
图中：1本体、11内芯、12外芯、2聚四氟乙烯涂层、3陶瓷基复合涂层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-3，一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，包括本体1，本体1包括内芯11和外芯12，且本体1的外表面从内向外依次涂设有聚四氟乙烯涂层2和陶瓷基复合涂层3，有效提高了本体1的耐腐蚀能力，延长了其使用寿命，本体1由银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂组成，其配料百分比为银系抗菌母粒3％～10％；抗紫外母粒2％～13％；共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂77％～95％，内芯11为涤纶纤维，外芯12为锦纶纤维，外芯12的数量为十二个，且外芯12与内芯11之间通过PVC粘胶连接，聚四氟乙烯涂层2的厚度为30～100μm，陶瓷基复合涂层3的厚度为50～90μm，抗紫外母粒为由重量百分比15％～25％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比75％～85％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得，抗紫外剂为无机、有机或复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂，复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂为由重量百分比6％～12％的TiO2超细粉体、8％～16％的紫外光吸收剂与余量的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得，银系抗菌母粒由重量百分比为10％～50％的纳米银离子和纳米载体二氧化硅或者磷酸锆与重量百分比60％～80％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
其制备工艺包括以下步骤：
A、取重量百分比为20％～30％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比70％～90％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混，用螺杆挤压机挤出、切粒，制得抗紫外母粒，其中共混温度为220～270℃，螺杆转速为170～270rpm；
B、将得到的抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂共混，制得预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，其中纺丝条件为：纺丝温度270～400℃，纺丝速度50～500m/min；
C、涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，混合纺丝箱温度为265～325℃，混合纺丝箱初始压力为75～110kgf/cm2；
D、纺出的丝束经过环吹风冷却，环吹风温度为18～30℃，环吹风湿度为55％～65％，环吹风速度为0.5～0.8m/s；
E、集束上油拉伸定型，将纺出的丝束集束成单丝，经过上油拉伸定型使得单丝具有抗静电性和平滑性；
F、单丝上涂覆有聚四氟乙烯涂层2、陶瓷基复合涂层3；
H、卷绕，且卷绕速度为50～500m/min；
I、检验后包装。
使用时，各组分配比科学合理，通过科学的将银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒、共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂有机结合，制备得到预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，然后将涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，从而得到永久具有抗菌、抗紫外且阻燃作用的多功能涤纶纤维，使涤纶纤维的应用范围更广泛，同时在本体1的外表面从内向外依次涂设了聚四氟乙烯涂层2和陶瓷基复合涂层3，有效提高了本体1的耐腐蚀能力，延长了其使用寿命。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，包括本体（1），其特征在于：所述本体（1）包括内芯（11）和外芯（12），且本体（1）的外表面从内向外依次涂设有聚四氟乙烯涂层（2）和陶瓷基复合涂层（3），所述本体（1）由银系抗菌母粒、抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂组成，其配料百分比为银系抗菌母粒3％～10％；抗紫外母粒2％～13％；共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂77％～95％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述内芯（11）为涤纶纤维，外芯（12）为锦纶纤维。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述外芯（12）的数量为十二个，且外芯（12）与内芯（11）之间通过PVC粘胶连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述聚四氟乙烯涂层（2）的厚度为30～100μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述陶瓷基复合涂层（3）的厚度为50～90μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述抗紫外母粒为由重量百分比15％～25％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比75％～85％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述抗紫外剂为无机、有机或复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述复合型无机和有机抗紫外剂为由重量百分比6％～12％的TiO2超细粉体、8％～16％的紫外光吸收剂与余量的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：所述银系抗菌母粒由重量百分比为10％～50％的纳米银离子和纳米载体二氧化硅或者磷酸锆与重量百分比60％～80％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混制得。
10.根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的一种高强涤纶阻燃复合丝及其制备工艺，其特征在于：其制备工艺包括以下步骤：
A、取重量百分比为20％～30％的抗紫外剂和重量百分比70％～90％的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共混，用螺杆挤压机挤出、切粒，制得抗紫外母粒，其中共混温度为220～270℃，螺杆转速为170～270rpm；
B、将得到的抗紫外母粒和共聚型磷系阻燃涤纶成纤树脂共混，制得预取向丝，再经过加弹变形生产出低弹涤纶变形丝，其中纺丝条件为：纺丝温度270～400℃，纺丝速度50～500m/min；
C、涤纶熔融体和锦纶熔融体经过计量泵计量后的进入混合纺丝箱纺丝，混合纺丝箱温度为265～325℃，混合纺丝箱初始压力为75～110kgf/cm2；
D、纺出的丝束经过环吹风冷却，环吹风温度为18～30℃，环吹风湿度为55％～65％，环吹风速度为0.5～0.8m/s；
E、集束上油拉伸定型，将纺出的丝束集束成单丝，经过上油拉伸定型使得单丝具有抗静电性和平滑性；
F、单丝上涂覆有聚四氟乙烯涂层（2）、陶瓷基复合涂层（3）；
H、卷绕，且卷绕速度为50～500m/min；
I、检验后包装。
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| CN110552080A (zh) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-10 | 浙江迈实科技有限公司 | 一种光触媒化纤的切片纺丝方法 |
| CN110820080A (zh) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-21 | 张家港欣阳化纤有限公司 | 一种抗菌保暖阻燃复合长丝及其生产工艺 |
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| CN110552080A (zh) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-10 | 浙江迈实科技有限公司 | 一种光触媒化纤的切片纺丝方法 |
| CN110820080A (zh) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-21 | 张家港欣阳化纤有限公司 | 一种抗菌保暖阻燃复合长丝及其生产工艺 |
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