CN107952182A - Fire escape device for high-rise buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-rise building fire escape device, which belongs to the field of lifesaving equipment and is characterized in that: comprises a winding drum, a rope, a back plate, a safety belt and a gear box; the front surface of the back plate is provided with a safety belt, and the back surface of the back plate is provided with a winding drum and a gear box; one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the barrel structure of the winding drum; the gear box is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a gear, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a rack plate; an accelerating gear set and a decelerating gear set are arranged in the gear box, and the accelerating gear set and the decelerating gear set respectively consist of a series of duplicate gears and gears; a sliding block is arranged in the cavity of the second gear and is hinged with the rocker through a connecting rod; the reduction gear set comprises a series of duplicate gears and two gears, and the rack plate is positioned in the outer direction of the reduction gear set. Compared with the prior art have flee from characteristics fast, convenient to use.

Description

Fire escape device for high-rise buildings

technical field

The invention relates to a life-saving device, in particular to a high-rise building fire escape device.

Background technique

With the rapid development of cities, residential buildings and office buildings have sprung up, and people have paid more and more attention to the problem of fire escape in buildings. After a high-rise building suffers a fire, the fire tends to spread horizontally and vertically, accompanied by a large amount of smoke. Elevator escape is prone to confusion, resulting in stampede accidents.

At present, high-level firefighting mainly uses ladders, high-pressure water cannons, and helicopters to extinguish fires. It is difficult for firefighters to go deep into the fire scene for rescue, and human rescue consumes a lot of physical strength of firefighters, resulting in a lower rescue success rate. In this case, the self-rescue ability of the people trapped in the fire should be improved, and a fire escape tool is provided to help the people trapped in the fire to save themselves, which is a very necessary and effective means of escape.

Contents of the invention

The technical task of the present invention is to provide a fire escape device for high-rise buildings aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a high-rise building fire escape device, which is characterized in that: it includes a reel, a rope, a backboard, a safety belt and a gear box; The back of the plate is provided with a reel and a gear box; the reel includes a cylinder structure and circular side plates fixed at both ends of the cylinder structure, and one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the cylinder structure of the reel; The gear box is located at one end of the reel, and includes a shell structure surrounded by a case cover and a side plate of the reel and its internal structure. The case cover is a cylinder with an inner end opening coaxial with the reel Shaped housing structure; the shaft center of the reel and the gear box is provided with a main shaft, the main shaft is fixedly connected with the case cover, and the reel can rotate around the main shaft; the back plate is respectively connected with the main shaft and the case The cover is fixedly connected; the inside of the gear box includes gears, connecting rods, rockers, fixed plates and rack plates; the outer surface of the side plate where the gear box is located is fixedly connected to the internal gear, and the internal gear is coaxial with the main shaft. The fixed plate is located at the inner side of the cavity of the internal gear, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; an acceleration gear set and a deceleration gear set are arranged in the gearbox, and the acceleration gear set and the deceleration gear set are respectively It consists of a series of double gears and gears; the acceleration gear set is located near the inside of the gearbox, and the reduction gear set is located near the outside of the gearbox; the acceleration gear set includes a series of double gears and a gear , where the gear is located at the end of the acceleration gear set; in the acceleration gear set, the large gear of the previous dual gear meshes with the small gear of the subsequent dual gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the previous dual gear is larger than that of the latter The pinion gear of the double gear, the pinion gear of the No. 1 gear meshes with the internal gear, and the large gear of the last double gear meshes with the No. 2 gear; A strip-shaped cavity running in the radial direction, a slider is arranged in the cavity, and a strip-shaped opening is respectively provided on the inner side and the outer side of the cavity, and the width of these two strip-shaped openings is smaller than the width of the slider; The inner side of the slider is fixed with a connecting block, and the connecting block protrudes from the opening inside the slider, and the protruding end is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker , one end of the rocker is provided with a horizontal hole, a horizontal shaft passes through the horizontal hole, the rocker can rotate around the horizontal shaft, and the other end of the rocker is provided with a counterweight; the outer side of the second gear is provided with a No. sleeve, the No. 1 sleeve is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located, a spring is provided between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. 2 gear, and a push rod is also provided between the No. 1 sleeve and the slider. The two ends of the No. 1 sleeve and the slider are hinged respectively; the reduction gear set includes a series of double gears and two gears, and the two gears are respectively located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set; No. 3 The gear is coaxial with the No. 1 gear, and the No. 1 gear and the No. 3 gear are fixedly connected to the gear shaft at the same time; in the meshing gear pair in the reduction gear set, the diameter of the first double gear or the gear is smaller than that of the latter double gear. The diameter of the gear or gears in the series; the pinion and the The third gear uses non-standard gears, and each gear has only one or several teeth; the rack plate is located on the outer side of the reduction gear set, including the second sleeve, horizontal plate and rack; the second gear The sleeve is located outside the No. 1 sleeve and nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located; the inner end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sleeve, and the outer end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rack. A certain angle is formed between the horizontal plate and the rack; the cover is provided with a hole for passing through the horizontal plate and the rack, and the outer ends of the horizontal plate and the rack pass through the hole and are exposed on the gear The outer side of the box; the rack plate is made of elastic material; the outer end of the No. 4 gear is provided with a threaded rod that is coaxial and fixedly connected with it, and the thread of the threaded rod meshes with the rack.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. Adopt non-friction mode to limit the speed, and the equipment wears little;

2. Easy to use;

3. When falling, the speed is fast first and then slow, and can escape quickly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the acceleration gear set in the gearbox of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the reduction gear set in the gearbox of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the development of each gear in the gear box of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the gearbox of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. For ease of description, the direction toward the reel in the gear box is set as the inner side, and the opposite direction is the outer side.

In Embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the present invention includes a reel, a rope 4, a backboard 7, a safety belt 8 and a gear box.

The front of the backboard 7 is provided with a safety belt 8 through which the backboard 7 is bound on the back of the human body, and the backside of the backboard 7 is provided with a reel and a gear box.

The reel includes a cylinder structure and circular side plates 5 fixed at both ends of the cylinder structure, one end of the rope 4 is fixed and wound on the cylinder structure of the reel, and the other end of the rope 4 is used to connect the on a fixed object. The gear box is located at one end of the reel, and includes a shell structure surrounded by a case cover 2 and a side plate 5 of the reel and its internal structure. The case cover 2 is the inner end coaxial with the reel Open cylindrical shell structure. A main shaft 6 is arranged at the axis of the reel and the gear box, and the main shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the case cover 2 , and the reel can rotate around the main shaft 6 . The back plate 7 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6 and the case cover 2 respectively.

The interior of the gear box includes gears, connecting rods 12, rockers 13, fixed plates 15 and rack plates 1.

The outer surface of the side plate 5 where the gearbox is located is fixedly connected to the internal gear 3, and the internal gear 3 is coaxial with the main shaft 6. The fixed plate 15 is located at the inner side of the cavity of the internal gear 3, and the fixed plate 15 and the main shaft 6 are coaxial. The main shaft 6 is fixedly connected. An acceleration gear set and a deceleration gear set are arranged in the gearbox, and the acceleration gear set and the deceleration gear set are respectively composed of a series of double gears and gears. The dual gear comprises two coaxial gears of different sizes that are fixedly connected. For ease of description, the word "gear" without a prefix in this article refers specifically to non-duplex external gears. Wherein, the speed-up gear set is located near the inside of the gear box, and the deceleration gear set is located near the outside of the gear box. The acceleration gear set includes a series of dual gears and a gear 10, wherein the gear 10 is located at the end of the acceleration gear set, the gear is set as No. 2 gear, and the first dual gear in the acceleration gear set is a Number gear 9. In the accelerating gear set, the large gear of the previous dual gear is meshed with the small gear of the latter dual gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the previous dual gear is greater than that of the small gear of the latter dual gear, so that Acceleration effect, the pinion of the No. 1 gear 9 meshes with the internal gear 3, and the bull gear of the last dual gear meshes with the No. 2 gear 10.

Described No. 2 gear 10 is provided with a bar-shaped cavity 27 that moves along the radial direction of No. 2 gear 10. This cavity 27 is provided with a slider 11. In the cavity 27, the slider 11 can move along the direction of No. 2 gear. 10 slides in the radial direction, the inner and outer sides of the cavity 27 are respectively provided with a strip-shaped opening 28, 26, and the width of these two strip-shaped openings 28, 26 is smaller than the width of the slider 11. The inner side of the slide block 11 is fixedly provided with a connecting block 29, and the connecting block 29 stretches out from the opening 28 inside the slide block 11, and the protruding end is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 12, and the other end of the connecting rod 12 One end is hinged with the rocking bar 13, and one end of the rocking bar 13 is provided with a horizontal hole 31, and a horizontal shaft 32 passes through the horizontal hole 31, and the rocking bar 13 can rotate around the horizontal shaft 32, and the rocking bar 13 The other end of is provided with counterweight 14. When the second gear 10 rotates, the rocking bar 13 is driven to swing by the action of the connecting rod 12 .

The outer direction of the second gear 10 is provided with a No. 1 sleeve 23, which is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear 10 is located. A spring 24 is arranged between the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the No. 2 gear 10. The effect of the spring 24 ejects the No. 1 sleeve 23 to the outside direction, and a push rod 25 is also provided between the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the slider 11, and the two ends of the push rod 25 are connected with the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the slider respectively. 11 is hinged, when the No. 1 sleeve 23 moves inward, the slider 11 is pushed away from the axis of the No. 2 gear 10 through the action of the push rod 25, and the slider 11 moves to connect the block 29 with the connecting rod 12 The hinge of the joint also moves in the same direction thereupon, so that when the second gear 10 rotates, the radius of rotation of the hinged end of the connecting rod 12 and the connecting block 29 increases, resulting in a larger swing range of the rocker 13.

The reduction gear set includes a dual gear and two gears, wherein the two gears are respectively located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set, and the gear at the head end is set as No. 3 gear 16, and the gear at the end is No. 4 gear 17. No. 3 gear 16 is coaxial with No. 1 gear 9, and No. 1 gear 9 and No. 3 gear 16 are fixedly connected with their gear shafts at the same time, so that No. 1 gear 9 can drive No. 3 gear 16 to rotate. Among the meshed gear pairs in the reduction gear set, the diameter of the previous dual gear or gear is smaller than the diameter of the latter dual gear or gear, so that it can reduce the speed. In order to achieve a larger transmission ratio, the pinion gear of the double gear and the third gear 16 in the reduction gear set can use non-standard gears, that is, there are only one or several teeth on each gear, so that after the gear rotates once , able to reduce the rotation angle of the latter gear. Thereby, the transmission ratio of the reduction gear set can be increased.

The rack plate 1 is located on the outer side of the reduction gear set, and includes a second sleeve 21 , a horizontal plate 20 and a rack 19 . The No. 2 sleeve 21 is located outside the No. 1 sleeve 23 and nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear 10 is located. The inner end of the horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sleeve 21, the outer end of the horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rack 19, and a certain angle is formed between the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19. The box cover 2 is provided with a hole 22 for passing through the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19, and the outer ends of the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19 pass through the hole and are exposed outside the gear case. The rack plate 1 is made of elastic material, which can deform to a certain extent after being subjected to external force.

The outer end of the fourth gear 17 is provided with a threaded rod 18 that is coaxial and fixedly connected thereto, and the thread of the threaded rod 18 is engaged with the rack 19, so that the rack 19 can be driven when the threaded rod 18 rotates Move horizontally.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after accidents such as a fire occur, the backboard 7 is tied on the back of the human body by the safety belt 8, and the end of the rope 4 is fixed indoors, such as being tied to a hospital bed, a large cabinet, etc. Climb onto objects that fall out, and then jump out of the window. When falling, the reel is driven to rotate by the rope 4, and the reel drives the No. 1 gear 9 and the No. 3 gear 16 to rotate through the internal gear 3 on its outer surface in turn, and the No. 1 gear 9 drives the No. 2 gear 10 to rotate at a high speed through the acceleration gear set. The rocking bar 13 is driven to swing at a high speed by the connecting rod 12 . When a certain amount of force acts on the rocker 13 through the connecting rod 12, the rocker 13 will swing at a constant cycle, and the gears will also rotate at a stable speed, so that the human body can move at a constant speed. Falling, and can not do free fall motion, has avoided the escape personnel from being injured by falls. The swing frequency of the rocker 13 is inversely proportional to the swing amplitude of the rocker 13, that is, the larger the swing amplitude, the lower the swing frequency of the rocker 13, thereby reducing the rotating speed of each gear, and finally reducing the falling speed of the personnel.

The third gear 16 drives the rack 19 to move slowly inward through the reduction gear set and the threaded rod 18, and drives the second sleeve 21 to move inward through the horizontal plate 20, so that the second sleeve 21 gradually moves toward the first sleeve 23 Approaching, when the person is about to fall to the ground, the No. 2 sleeve 21 abuts on the No. 1 sleeve 23, and pushes the No. 1 sleeve 23 to move inwardly, passing through the push rod 25, the slider 11, the connecting block 29 and the The effect of connecting rod 12 increases the swing range of rocking bar 13, reduces the falling speed of human body, thereby makes it land with slower speed, prevents from falling. In the process of falling, the falling speed is faster at the beginning, which can speed up the escape speed, and when it is about to land, the speed slows down to prevent falls.

The outer section of the rack plate 1 is exposed on the outside of the gear box. Since the rack plate 1 has certain elasticity, pressing the outer end of the rack plate 1 by hand can separate the rack 19 from the threaded rod 18, thereby allowing the Direction freely adjusts the position of the rack plate 1. In actual use, different floors have different heights, and the falling distances are also different. In order to ensure that the second sleeve 21 can push the first sleeve 23 when it is about to land, the rack plate 1 must be adjusted to different heights according to different floors. s position.

In embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 8, include reel, rope 4, base 30, safety belt 8 and gear case in the present embodiment, wherein the structure of reel, rope 4 and gear case is the same as embodiment 1, and this embodiment Examples will not be repeated.

The main shaft 6 and the case cover 2 in the described reel and the gear box are respectively fixed on the base 30, and the present invention is fixedly installed beside the window sill by the base 30 at ordinary times. The end of rope 4 is fixedly connected with safety belt 8, and rope 4 is fixed on the body by safety belt 8.

After accidents such as fire break out, fasten the safety belt 8 on the body, and jump out from the window to get final product.

It should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention have described the present invention in detail, and for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various obvious changes to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A high-rise building fire escape device is characterized in that: it comprises a reel, a rope, a backboard, a safety belt and a gear box; the front of the backboard is provided with a safety belt, and the backside of the backboard is provided with a reel and a gear box; the reel includes a cylinder structure and circular side plates fixed at both ends of the cylinder structure, one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the cylinder structure of the reel; the gear box is located at the One end, including the shell structure surrounded by the box cover and a side plate of the reel and its internal structure, the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure with an inner end opening coaxial with the reel; the roll There is a main shaft at the axis of the cylinder and the gear box, and the main shaft is fixedly connected with the case cover, and the reel can rotate around the main shaft; the back plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft and the case cover respectively; the gear box The interior includes gears, connecting rods, rockers, fixed plates and rack plates; the outer surface of the side plate where the gear box is located is fixedly connected to the internal gear, and the internal gear is coaxial with the main shaft, and the fixed plate is located in the space of the internal gear. Inside the cavity, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; the gear box is provided with an acceleration gear set and a deceleration gear set, and the acceleration gear set and the deceleration gear set are composed of a series of double gears and gears respectively. Composition; where the acceleration gear set is located near the inside of the gearbox, and the reduction gear set is located near the outside of the gearbox; the acceleration gear set includes a series of double gears and a gear, which is located in the acceleration gear set At the end; in the acceleration gear set, the large gear of the previous dual gear meshes with the small gear of the subsequent dual gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the previous dual gear is larger than that of the small gear of the latter dual gear, number one The small gear of the gear meshes with the internal gear, and the large gear of the last double gear meshes with the No. 2 gear; the No. 2 gear is provided with a bar-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the No. 2 gear , the cavity is provided with a slider, and the inner and outer sides of the cavity are respectively provided with a strip-shaped opening, and the width of these two strip-shaped openings is smaller than the width of the slider; the inner side of the slider is fixedly provided with a connection block, the connecting block protrudes from the opening inside the slider, the protruding end is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker, and one end of the rocker is provided with The horizontal hole passes through a horizontal shaft, the rocker can rotate around the horizontal shaft, and the other end of the rocker is provided with a counterweight; the outer side of the second gear is provided with a No. 1 sleeve, and the No. 1 sleeve is embedded Set on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located, a spring is provided between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. 2 gear, and a push rod is provided between the No. 1 sleeve and the slider. The two ends of the push rod are respectively connected to the No. 1 sleeve. and the sliding block are hinged; the reduction gear set includes a series of double gears and two gears, and the two gears are respectively located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set; the third gear is coaxial with the first gear, and The No. 1 gear and the No. 3 gear are fixedly connected to the gear shaft where they are located; in the gear pair meshing in the reduction gear set, the diameter of the previous dual gear or gear is smaller than the diameter of the latter dual gear or gear; the reduction gear The pinion and the third gear of the duplex gear in the set use non-standard gears, each tooth There is only one or several teeth on the wheel; the rack plate is located on the outer side of the reduction gear set, including the No. 2 sleeve, the horizontal plate and the rack; the No. 2 sleeve is located on the outside of the No. 1 sleeve, Nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located; the inner end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve, the outer end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the outer end of the rack, and a certain gap is formed between the horizontal plate and the rack. included angle; the cover is provided with a hole for passing through the horizontal plate and the rack, and the outer ends of the horizontal plate and the rack pass through the hole and are exposed on the outside of the gear box; the rack plate It is made of elastic material; the outer end of the fourth gear is provided with a coaxial and fixedly connected threaded rod, and the threads of the threaded rod mesh with the rack.