CN107952182B - High-rise building fire escape device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-rise building fire escape device, which belongs to the field of lifesaving equipment and is characterized in that: comprises a winding drum, a rope, a back plate, a safety belt and a gear box; the front surface of the back plate is provided with a safety belt, and the back surface of the back plate is provided with a winding drum and a gear box; one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the barrel structure of the winding drum; the gear box is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a gear, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a rack plate; an accelerating gear set and a decelerating gear set are arranged in the gear box, and the accelerating gear set and the decelerating gear set respectively consist of a series of duplicate gears and gears; a sliding block is arranged in the cavity of the second gear and is hinged with the rocker through a connecting rod; the reduction gear set comprises a series of duplicate gears and two gears, and the rack plate is positioned in the outer direction of the reduction gear set. Compared with the prior art have flee from characteristics fast, convenient to use.

Description

A high-rise building fire escape device

technical field

The invention relates to a life-saving equipment, in particular to a fire escape device for a high-rise building.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the city, residential buildings and office buildings are rising from the ground, and people pay more and more attention to the problem of building fire escape. After a high-rise building suffers a fire, the fire is easy to spread horizontally and vertically, accompanied by a large amount of smoke, from the stairs or fire Elevator escapes are prone to confusion and stampede accidents.

At present, high-rise firefighting mainly uses ladders, high-pressure water cannons, and helicopters to put out fires. It is difficult for firefighters to go deep into the fire scene for rescue, and manpower rescue consumes a lot of physical strength of firefighters, resulting in a lower rescue success rate. In this case, it is necessary and effective to provide a fire escape tool to help the people trapped in the fire to rescue themselves.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical task of the present invention is to provide a fire escape device for high-rise buildings in view of the above deficiencies of the prior art.

The technical scheme of the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a high-rise building fire escape device, which is characterized in that: it includes a reel, a rope, a backboard, a safety belt and a gear box; the front of the backboard is provided with a safety belt, and the back The back of the plate is provided with a drum and a gear box; the drum includes a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at both ends of the drum body structure, and one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the drum body structure of the drum; The gear box is located at one end of the reel, and includes a casing structure and its internal structure enclosed by a box cover and a side plate of the reel, and the box cover is a cylinder with an inner end opening coaxial with the reel. The main shaft is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the reel can rotate around the main shaft; the back plate is respectively connected with the main shaft and the box. The cover is fixedly connected; the inside of the gear box includes gears, connecting rods, rockers, a fixed plate and a rack plate; the outer side of the side plate where the gear box is located is fixedly connected to the internal gear, and the internal gear is coaxial with the main shaft, so The fixed plate is located at the inner side of the cavity of the internal gear, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; an acceleration gear group and a reduction gear group are arranged in the gearbox, and the acceleration gear group and the reduction gear group are respectively It consists of a series of double gears and gears; the acceleration gear set is located in the gear box near the inner side, and the reduction gear set is located in the gearbox near the outer position; the acceleration gear set includes a series of double gears and a gear , where the gear is located at the end of the acceleration gear set; in the acceleration gear set, the large gear of the former double gear meshes with the pinion of the latter double gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the former double gear is larger than that of the latter one. The pinion of the double gear, the pinion of the No. 1 gear meshes with the internal gear, and the large gear of the last double gear meshes with the No. 2 gear; the No. 2 gear is provided with a second gear. A strip-shaped cavity running in the radial direction, a slider is arranged in the cavity, a strip-shaped opening is respectively set on the inner side and the outer side of the cavity, and the width of the two strip-shaped openings is smaller than the width of the slider; the The inner side of the sliding block is fixed with a connecting block, the connecting block protrudes from the opening on the inner side of the sliding block, the extension end is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker , one end of the rocker is provided with a horizontal hole, the horizontal hole passes through a horizontal axis, the rocker can rotate around the horizontal axis, and the other end of the rocker is provided with a counterweight; the outer direction of the second gear is provided with a number one Sleeve, the No. 1 sleeve is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located, a spring is arranged between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. 2 gear, and a push rod is also arranged between the No. 1 sleeve and the slider. The push rod The two ends of the gear are hinged with the No. 1 sleeve and the slider respectively; the reduction gear set includes a series of double gears and two gears, wherein the two gears are located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set; No. 3 The gear is coaxial with the No. 1 gear, and the No. 1 gear and the No. 3 gear are fixedly connected to the gear shaft where they are located at the same time; in the gear pair meshing in the reduction gear set, the diameter of the former double gear or gear is smaller than that of the latter double gear. The diameter of the gears or gears; the pinions of the double gears in the reduction gear set and The No. 3 gear uses non-standard gears, and each gear has only one or several teeth; the rack plate is located in the outer direction of the reduction gear set, including the No. 2 sleeve, the horizontal plate and the rack; the No. 2 gear The sleeve is located on the outside of the No. 1 sleeve and is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located; the inner end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve, and the outer end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the outer end of the rack. A certain angle is formed between the horizontal plate and the rack; the box cover is provided with a hole for passing through the horizontal plate and the rack, and the outer ends of the horizontal plate and the rack pass through the hole and are exposed to the gear The outer side of the box; the rack plate is made of elastic material; the outer end of the fourth gear is provided with a threaded rod coaxially and fixedly connected with it, and the thread of the threaded rod meshes with the rack.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. The speed is limited by non-friction method, and the equipment wear is small;

2. Easy to use;

3. When falling, the speed is first fast and then slow, and can quickly escape.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the acceleration gear set in the gearbox of the present invention.

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reduction gear set in the gearbox of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the development of each gear in the gearbox of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. For ease of description, the direction in the gear box toward the reel is set as the inner side, and the opposite direction is the outer side.

In Embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the present invention includes a reel, a rope 4, a back plate 7, a safety belt 8 and a gear box.

The front of the backboard 7 is provided with a safety belt 8 through which the backboard 7 is tied to the back of the human body, and the back of the backboard 7 is provided with a reel and a gear box.

The reel includes a cylinder structure and circular side plates 5 fixed at both ends of the cylinder structure, one end of the rope 4 is fixed and wound on the cylinder structure of the reel, and the other end of the rope 4 is used to connect the indoor on a fixed object. The gear box is located at one end of the drum, and includes a casing structure and its internal structure enclosed by a box cover 2 and a side plate 5 of the drum, and the box cover 2 is the inner end that is concentric with the drum. Open cylindrical shell structure. A main shaft 6 is provided at the shaft center of the reel and the gearbox, the main shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the box cover 2 , and the reel can rotate around the main shaft 6 . The back plate 7 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6 and the box cover 2 respectively.

The inside of the gear box includes gears, connecting rods 12 , rockers 13 , a fixed plate 15 and a rack plate 1 .

The inner gear 3 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the side plate 5 where the gear box is located, and the inner gear 3 is coaxial with the main shaft 6. The fixing plate 15 is located at the inner side of the cavity of the inner gear 3. The main shaft 6 is fixedly connected. An acceleration gear set and a reduction gear set are arranged in the gearbox, and the acceleration gear set and the reduction gear set are respectively composed of a series of double gears and gears. The double gear includes two coaxial gears of different sizes that are fixedly connected. For ease of description, the word "gear" without a prefix in this document refers specifically to a non-double external gear. The acceleration gear group is located in the gear box near the inner side, and the reduction gear group is located in the gear box near the outer side. The acceleration gear set includes a series of double gears and a gear 10, wherein the gear 10 is located at the end of the acceleration gear set, the gear is set as the second gear, and the first double gear in the acceleration gear set is set as a gear 9. In the acceleration gear set, the large gear of the former double gear is meshed with the pinion of the latter double gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the former double gear is larger than that of the pinion of the latter double gear, so that it can play the role of In acceleration, the pinion of the No. 1 gear 9 meshes with the internal gear 3, and the large gear of the last double gear meshes with the No. 2 gear 10.

The No. 2 gear 10 is provided with a strip-shaped cavity 27 running along the radial direction of the No. 2 gear 10. The cavity 27 is provided with a slider 11, and the slider 11 can slide along the No. 2 gear in the cavity 27. 10 sliding in the radial direction, the inner and outer directions of the cavity 27 are respectively provided with a bar-shaped opening 28 , 26 , the width of the two bar-shaped openings 28 , 26 is smaller than the width of the slider 11 . The inner side of the sliding block 11 is fixedly provided with a connecting block 29. The connecting block 29 protrudes from the opening 28 on the inner side of the sliding block 11. One end is hinged with the rocker 13, one end of the rocker 13 is provided with a horizontal hole 31, the horizontal hole 31 passes through a horizontal axis 32, the rocker 13 can rotate around the horizontal axis 32, the rocker 13 The other end is provided with a counterweight 14 . When the second gear 10 rotates, the rocker 13 is driven to swing by the action of the connecting rod 12 .

A No. 1 sleeve 23 is arranged on the outer side of the No. 2 gear 10, the No. 1 sleeve 23 is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear 10 is located, and a spring 24 is arranged between the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the No. 2 gear 10. The action of the spring 24 ejects the No. 1 sleeve 23 to the outside. There is also a push rod 25 between the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the slider 11. The two ends of the push rod 25 are respectively connected to the No. 1 sleeve 23 and the slider. 11 is hinged. When the No. 1 sleeve 23 moves inward, the slider 11 is pushed away from the axis of the No. 2 gear 10 by the action of the push rod 25. After the slider 11 moves, the connecting block 29 and the connecting rod 12 are connected. The hinged joints also move in the same direction, so when the No. 2 gear 10 rotates, the rotation radius of the hinged end of the connecting rod 12 and the connecting block 29 increases, resulting in a larger swing of the rocker 13 .

The reduction gear set includes a double gear and two gears, wherein the two gears are located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set respectively. The gear at the head end is set as the third gear 16, and the gear at the end is the fourth gear. 17. The No. 3 gear 16 is coaxial with the No. 1 gear 9, and the No. 1 gear 9 and the No. 3 gear 16 are fixedly connected to the gear shaft where they are located, so that the No. 1 gear 9 can drive the No. 3 gear 16 to rotate when it rotates. Among the gear pairs meshing in the reduction gear set, the diameter of the former double gear or gear is smaller than the diameter of the latter double gear or gear, so that it can reduce the speed. In order to achieve a larger transmission ratio, the pinion of the double gear and the third gear 16 in the reduction gear set can use non-standard gears, that is, only one or several teeth on each gear, so that after the gear rotates one revolution , which can reduce the rotation angle of the latter gear. Thereby, the transmission ratio of the reduction gear set can be increased.

The rack plate 1 is located in the outer direction of the reduction gear set, and includes the No. 2 sleeve 21 , the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19 . The No. 2 sleeve 21 is located outside the No. 1 sleeve 23 and is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear 10 is located. The inner end of the horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve 21 , the outer end of the horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected with the outer end of the rack 19 , and a certain angle is formed between the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19 . The box cover 2 is provided with a hole 22 for passing through the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19. The outer ends of the horizontal plate 20 and the rack 19 pass through the hole and are exposed outside the gear box. The rack plate 1 is made of elastic material, and can deform to a certain extent after being subjected to external force.

The outer end of the fourth gear 17 is provided with a threaded rod 18 that is coaxial with and fixedly connected to it. Move horizontally.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when an accident such as a fire occurs, the backboard 7 is tied to the back of the human body through the safety belt 8, and the end of the rope 4 is fixed indoors, such as tied to a hospital bed, a large cabinet, etc. On the fallen items, and then jump out of the window. When falling, the reel is driven to rotate by the rope 4. The reel drives the No. 1 gear 9 and the No. 3 gear 16 to rotate in turn through the internal gear 3 on its outer side. The No. 1 gear 9 drives the No. 2 gear 10 to rotate at a high speed through the acceleration gear set. The rocker 13 is driven by the connecting rod 12 to swing at a high speed. When a certain amount of force acts on the rocker 13 through the connecting rod 12, the rocker 13 swings with a constant cycle, and the gears also rotate at a stable speed, so that the human body can move at a constant speed. Falling, without doing free fall motion, to avoid the escape personnel from being injured. The swing frequency of the rocker 13 is inversely proportional to the swing amplitude of the rocker 13 , that is, the larger the swing amplitude, the lower the swing frequency of the rocker 13 , thereby reducing the rotational speed of each gear and ultimately the falling speed of the person.

The No. 3 gear 16 drives the rack 19 to move slowly inward through the reduction gear set and the threaded rod 18, and drives the No. 2 sleeve 21 to move inward through the horizontal plate 20, so that the No. 2 sleeve 21 gradually moves toward the No. 1 sleeve 23. Approaching, when the person is about to fall to the ground, the No. 2 sleeve 21 stands on the No. 1 sleeve 23, and pushes the No. 1 sleeve 23 to move inwardly, passing through the push rod 25, the slider 11, the connecting block 29 and the The action of the connecting rod 12 increases the swinging range of the rocker 13 and reduces the falling speed of the human body, so that the human body falls to the ground at a slower speed to prevent injury. In the process of falling, the falling speed is fast at the beginning, which can speed up the escape speed, and when it is about to land, the speed is slowed down to prevent falls.

The outer section of the rack plate 1 is exposed on the outside of the gear box. Since the rack plate 1 has a certain elasticity, pressing the outer end of the rack plate 1 by hand can disengage the rack 19 from the threaded rod 18, so that the rack 19 can be disengaged from the threaded rod 18. The position of the rack plate 1 can be freely adjusted in the direction. In actual use, different floors have different heights and different falling distances. In order to ensure that the No. 2 sleeve 21 can push the No. 1 sleeve 23 when it is about to land, the rack plate 1 should be adjusted to different levels according to different floors. s position.

In Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG. 8 , this embodiment includes a drum, a rope 4, a base 30, a safety belt 8 and a gear box, wherein the structures of the drum, the rope 4 and the gear box are the same as those of Examples are no longer repeated.

The main shaft 6 and the box cover 2 in the reel and the gear box are respectively fixed on the base 30 , and the present invention is usually fixed and installed beside the window sill through the base 30 . The end of the rope 4 is fixedly connected to the safety belt 8 , and the rope 4 is fixed on the body through the safety belt 8 .

When an accident such as a fire occurs, fasten the seat belt 8 on the body and jump out of the window.

It should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and for those skilled in the art, various obvious changes can be made to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a high-rise building fire escape device is characterized in that: comprising a reel, a rope, a back plate, a safety belt and a gear box; the front of the back plate is provided with a safety belt, and the back of the back plate is provided with a reel and a gear The reel includes a barrel structure and circular side plates fixed at both ends of the barrel structure, and one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the barrel structure of the reel; the gear box is located on the side of the reel. At one end, it includes a casing structure enclosed by a box cover and one side plate of the reel and its internal structure, the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure with an inner end opening coaxial with the reel; the roll There is a main shaft at the shaft center of the drum and the gearbox, the main shaft is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the drum can rotate around the main shaft; the back plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft and the box cover respectively; the gearbox The interior includes a gear, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a rack plate; the outer surface of the side plate where the gear box is located is fixedly connected to the internal gear, and the internal gear is coaxial with the main shaft, and the fixed plate is located in the hollow of the internal gear. In the inner side of the cavity, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; the gear box is provided with an acceleration gear set and a reduction gear set, and the acceleration gear set and the reduction gear set are respectively composed of a series of double gears and gears It consists of: the acceleration gear set is located in the gear box near the inner side, and the reduction gear set is located in the gear box near the outer position; the acceleration gear set includes a series of double gears and a gear, wherein the gear is located in the acceleration gear set. The end; in the acceleration gear set, the large gear of the former double gear meshes with the pinion of the latter double gear, and the diameter of the large gear of the former double gear is larger than that of the latter double gear, No. 1 The pinion of the gear meshes with the internal gear, and the large gear of the last double gear meshes with the No. 2 gear; the No. 2 gear is provided with a strip-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the No. 2 gear. , the cavity is provided with a slider, the inner and outer directions of the cavity are respectively provided with a strip-shaped opening, and the width of the two strip-shaped openings is smaller than the width of the slider; the inner side of the slider is fixedly provided with a connection The connecting block protrudes from the opening on the inner side of the slider, the protruding end is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker, and one end of the rocker is provided with The horizontal hole passes through a horizontal shaft, the rocker can rotate around the horizontal axis, and the other end of the rocker is provided with a counterweight; the outer side of the second gear is provided with a No. It is sleeved on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located. There is a spring between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. 2 gear. There is also a push rod between the No. 1 sleeve and the slider. The two ends of the push rod are respectively connected to the No. 1 sleeve. and the slider are hinged; the reduction gear set includes a series of double gears and two gears, wherein the two gears are located at the head end and the end of the reduction gear set respectively, the gear at the head end is the third gear, and the end The gear at the position is the No. 4 gear; the No. 3 gear is coaxial with the No. 1 gear, and the No. 1 gear and the No. 3 gear are fixedly connected to the gear shaft where they are located at the same time; in the gear pair meshing in the reduction gear set, the former double The diameter of the linked gear or gear is smaller than the diameter of the following double gear or gear; in the reduction gear set The pinion and No. 3 gear of the double gear use non-standard gears, and each gear has only one or several teeth; the rack plate is located in the outer direction of the reduction gear set, including the No. 2 sleeve, the horizontal plate and the teeth The No. 2 sleeve is located on the outside of the No. 1 sleeve and is nested on the shaft where the No. 2 gear is located; the inner end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve, and the outer end of the horizontal plate is connected to the gear The outer ends of the bars are fixedly connected, and a certain angle is formed between the horizontal plate and the rack; the box cover is provided with a hole for passing through the horizontal plate and the rack, and the outer ends of the horizontal plate and the rack pass through the hole. The outer end of the fourth gear is provided with a threaded rod coaxially and fixedly connected with it, and the threaded rod is The thread engages with the rack.

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