CN1082017A - 具有三层结构粒子的高效、通用微生物肥料 - Google Patents
具有三层结构粒子的高效、通用微生物肥料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1082017A CN1082017A CN93109231A CN93109231A CN1082017A CN 1082017 A CN1082017 A CN 1082017A CN 93109231 A CN93109231 A CN 93109231A CN 93109231 A CN93109231 A CN 93109231A CN 1082017 A CN1082017 A CN 1082017A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pyruvate Chemical compound CC(=O)C([O-])=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001457 metallic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
一种高效通用的微生物肥料，其粒子由粒心，外
层，皮膜层所构成，是采用风化煤(或煤矸石)为主要
原料，配合麦麸的发酵物，盐卤，白灰或石膏，滑石粉，
骨胶所组成。制成的肥料粒，具有固氮，解磷作用，经
过中国农科院等各单位的大田试验，对粮食，果树，蔬
菜具有很好的增产作用，是一种无毒，无害，环境无
污染的新型肥料。
Description
本发明涉及一种具有三层结构粒子的高效通用微生物肥料，一种以风化煤（煤矸石）为主要原料的高效通用微生物肥料。
目前，农业上大量施用的是化肥，随着时间的推移与应用的实践，人们已逐渐认识到化肥对污染环境，使土壤板结，降低作物品质等缺点.因此，寻求一种无毒.无害.无污染.能保护环境生态平衡的新型肥料是各国农业发展的主要目标.
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有三层结构粒子颗粒形态具有高效通用的新型微生物肥料，它是一种真正的无毒.无害.对环境无污染.对于粮食.蔬菜.果树等农作物都能增产的以风化煤（或煤矸石）为主要原料的新型微生物肥料。
本发明是这样来实施的：
（1）把具有营养成份的磷矿物粉碎成细粒，与麦麸发酵物.盐卤（主要成份是硫酸钠.硫酸镁）混合造粒成为粒芯.
（2）把风化煤（或煤矸石）粉碎成细粒与另一种麦麸发酵物.盐卤.白灰.石膏混合作为颗粒的外层.
（3）把滑石粉.骨胶的水溶液喷涂于外层的表面作为皮膜层，这样就具有粒芯.外层.皮膜层特殊颗粒结构。粒芯的作用是促进含磷矿物的生物解磷.防止土壤金属阳离子对磷的固定作用，外层的作用是起固定氮.至于粒芯和外层中的硫酸钠和硫酸镁主要是促进植物的光合作用和新陈代谢作用.至于皮膜层，主要是为固氮微生物防止氧的破坏，以及保护内层结构的完整性，创造局部生物代谢环境.
本发明的具体方法和有关配方如下：（以下按重量份计）
（1）粒芯：
磷矿粉：65-70（过200目筛，含磷量以P2O5计≥25%）
麦麸发酵物：28-32.（发酵菌是上海制药十二厂出产的维生素B发酵菌.发酵菌与麦麸的重量比为1∶10.发酵温度为28-37℃.时间为9-12小时）.
盐卤：28-32（内含10水硫酸钠14-16重量份.7水硫酸镁14-16重量份）
（2）外层：
风化煤（或煤矸石）粉：200目.65-70.（风化度＞80%烧失量＞35%）
麦麸发酵物：15-18（发酵菌是北京酿造总厂出产的丙酮酸发酵菌与麦麸的量比1∶10.发酵温度为30-37℃.时间为9-12小时）
盐卤：0.5-1（10水硫酸钠与硫酸镁各半）
白灰（或石膏）：1.5-2
（3）皮膜层：
（4）粒芯∶外层∶皮膜层＝（24-28）∶（72-76）∶2
（5）粒芯直径为1.8-1.9毫米.外层厚度为0.7-0.9毫米.
下面的优选例对本发明作详细描述，但不限制本发明的范围.
例1：甲：粒芯的制备，在一通用的粉碎机内将67公斤含磷量为30%的磷矿进行粉碎，然后再通过通用的粉磨机进行磨细，直至全部粉料通过200目筛.
在一通用的发酵罐内放入麦麸30公斤，及上海制药十二厂出产的维生素B发酵菌1公斤，于32℃下发酵10小时，然后移入混合器内与盐卤（内含10水硫酸钠，7水硫酸镁各半）30公斤，混合均匀，并45℃下干燥10分钟，并用通用粉碎机进行粉碎并通过100目筛.
将上述磷矿粉和麦麸发酵物与盐卤粉进行混合，并在通用造粒机内造粒，粒子的直径为1.86毫米.
（2）外层的制备：
在通用的粉碎机内将67公斤的风化煤（风化度85%烧失量为42%）先粉碎，然后在通用的粉磨机内粉磨至全部通过200目筛.
在一通用的发酵罐内放入麦麸16公斤，北京酿造总厂出产的丙酮酸发酵菌1.6公斤，于35℃下发酵10小时，然后在烘干器下于50℃下烘干10分钟，在混合器内与盐卤0.5公斤，白灰1.5公斤混合.
（3）造粒：在通用造粒机内将（1）的粒芯料25公斤，进行粒芯造粒，然后加入外层混合料75公斤，进行粒子增加造粒，最后喷入由滑石粉2公斤，骨胶0.3公斤，水21公斤组成的皮膜层水溶液.并于通用烘干机内于＜65℃下烘干10分钟，便成本发明的高效，通用维生物肥料.制得的颗粒粒径为3.5毫米.
例2.除外层中的风化煤改为煤矸石和白灰改为石膏外，其余条件与例1相同，制得本发明的肥料粒径为3.4毫米.
经有关单位（北京林业大学.北京大学.北京师范大学.北京农业大学.中国林科院）的分析，例1和例2的产品粒芯的固N能力都为＝100umol（8天），外层的固N能力都为＝100umol（8天）.
本发明的高效，通用微生物肥料，通过中国农业科学院对烤烟.葡萄.苹果.小麦;北京农学院对小麦;浙江湖州市对晚稻;北京洛平农工商联合公司对玉米的大田试验都取得了高产丰收的效果.
本发明的优点：1.原料来源丰富，制作简便;
2.对各类农作物都有增产效果;
3.无毒，无害，对环境无污染.
Claims (1)
1、一种具有三层结构粒子的高效，通用微生物肥料，其特征在于：
(1)肥料粒子是由粒芯，外层和皮膜层所组成；
(2)粒芯的各成份及重量份配比是：
磷矿粉：65-70(200目，含磷量以P2O5计≥25%)
麦麸发酵物：28-32。
盐卤：28-32(内含10水硫酸钠，7水硫酸镁各半)
(3)外层的各组成份及重量份配比是：
风化煤(或煤矸石)粉：65-70(风化度＞80%烧失量＞35%)
麦麸发酵物：15-18
盐卤：0.1-1(内含10水硫酸钠，7是硫酸镁各半)
白灰(或石膏)：1.5-2
(4)皮膜层的各组份及重量配比是：
滑石粉：2-3 骨胶：0.2-0.5。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93109231A CN1082017A (zh) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | 具有三层结构粒子的高效、通用微生物肥料 |
| PCT/US1994/008846 WO1995004814A1 (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1994-08-05 | Recombinant microbial fertilizer and methods for its production |
| AU76301/94A AU7630194A (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1994-08-05 | Recombinant microbial fertilizer and methods for its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93109231A CN1082017A (zh) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | 具有三层结构粒子的高效、通用微生物肥料 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1082017A true CN1082017A (zh) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=4987552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93109231A Pending CN1082017A (zh) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | 具有三层结构粒子的高效、通用微生物肥料 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1082017A (zh) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002020431A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-14 | Ultra Biotech Limited | A biological fertilizer based on yeasts |
| US6416982B1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2002-07-09 | Ultra Biotech Ltd. | Biological fertilizer based on yeasts |
| US6596273B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2003-07-22 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising swine manure |
| US6596272B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2003-07-22 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising poultry manure |
| US6761886B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-07-13 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising cattle manure |
| US6800466B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-10-05 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising sludge |
| US6828132B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-12-07 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising garbage |
-
1993
- 1993-08-06 CN CN93109231A patent/CN1082017A/zh active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002020431A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-14 | Ultra Biotech Limited | A biological fertilizer based on yeasts |
| US6416982B1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2002-07-09 | Ultra Biotech Ltd. | Biological fertilizer based on yeasts |
| US6828131B2 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2004-12-07 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer based on yeasts |
| US6596273B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2003-07-22 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising swine manure |
| US6596272B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2003-07-22 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising poultry manure |
| US6761886B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-07-13 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising cattle manure |
| US6800466B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-10-05 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising sludge |
| US6828132B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2004-12-07 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Biological fertilizer compositions comprising garbage |
| US6979444B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2005-12-27 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Method for preparing a biological fertilizer composition comprising poultry manure |
| US6994850B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2006-02-07 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Method for preparing a biological fertilizer composition comprising swine manure |
| US7422997B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2008-09-09 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Method to enhance plant growth with a biological fertilizer composition comprising poultry manure and electromagnetic field treated yeasts |
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