CN108398287A - Miniature evaporator soil sample acquisition method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sample collection method of a miniature lysimeter, which is designed to provide a method for reducing damage to the original state of the soil sample. The miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present invention, with the same origin as the center, draws a collection circle and a hole-digging circle with the first diameter and the second diameter as the diameter respectively at the center of the soil sample collection area, and adopts soil sampling method on the sampling circle. The sample collection knife is inserted into the lower soil layer, and the cylindrical soil sample to be collected is separated from the surrounding soil, and half of the soil at the annular structure between the collection circle and the digging circle is dug out to form a A gap; jack up the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, and bring it back to the experimental site for soil lysimetry experiments. The invention avoids the possibility that the soil sample is too large or too small or the shape does not meet the requirements of the micro lysimeter for the soil sample after the soil sample is collected by the traditional method, and greatly reduces the follow-up processing after the soil sample is collected. workload.

Description

Micro lysimeter soil sample collection method

technical field

The invention relates to a soil sample collection method of a miniature lysimeter.

Background technique

At present, the surrounding excavation method is commonly used to collect soil samples for micro-lysimeters, or the electric screw press transmission technology is used. The surrounding excavation method has a large workload, and the electric screw press transmission technology needs to collect soil samples with different specifications due to the miniature lysimeter. It is difficult to collect undisturbed soil or near undisturbed soil by this method.

In order to solve the above problems, a micro lysimeter soil sample collection method has been developed to make it more valuable in industry.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a micro lysimeter soil sample collection method that reduces the collection workload of the micro lysimeter and reduces the damage to the original state of the soil sample.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present invention comprises:

With the same origin as the center of the circle, draw a collection circle and a digging circle with the first diameter and the second diameter as the diameter respectively at the center of the soil sample collection area, wherein the first diameter is the diameter of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, so said second diameter is 8-12 cm larger than said first diameter;

Use a soil sample collection knife to insert into the lower soil layer on the sampling circle to separate the cylindrical soil sample to be collected from the surrounding soil, that is, insert a circle of separation gaps between the cylindrical soil sample to be collected and the surrounding soil ;

Half of the soil at the annular structure between the collection circle and the digging circle is dug out, that is, a 180° arc groove is formed between the collection circle and the digging circle, and the depth of the arc groove is m , the height of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected is n, and m is 15-30cm larger than n;

Use a shovel at the arc groove to dig out the soil in the lower part of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, and form a gap under the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, and the plane area of the gap is not larger than the collection circle. 3/4 of the area, where the excavated soil range is the upper surface boundary of the excavated soil range with the upper surface of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected downward n, and the circumference corresponding to the excavated hole circle is the circumferential boundary;

Using a jack to lift the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, separate from the soil layer below the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, carry out barreling, and bring it back to the experimental site for soil lysimeter experiment;

Wherein, the soil sample collection knife includes an arc-shaped blade, an arc-shaped knife box adapted to the shape of the arc-shaped blade, and the arc-shaped knife box is sleeved on the arc-shaped blade, A number of first bolt holes are provided on the opposite side of the arc-shaped blade, and at least one second bolt hole corresponding to the first bolt hole is arranged on the arc-shaped knife box, through which the The arc-shaped blade slides on the length square of the arc-shaped knife box, so that different first bolt holes correspond to different second bolt holes, and the bolts pass through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes at the same time. Arc-shaped blade and arc-shaped knife box are fixed together, and then change the length that the shovel end of described arc-shaped blade stretches out the arc-shaped knife box; The central angle of the arc of described arc-shaped blade is 90°.

Further, a handle rod is also connected to the arc-shaped knife box.

Further, the arc-shaped knife box is provided with a stepping block corresponding to the earth-shoveling force direction of the arc-shaped blade.

Further, the shoveling side of the arc-shaped blade is an arc structure, and the central angle of the arc structure is 30° to 60°.

Further, a scale for measuring the depth of the layer is provided on the length direction of the arc-shaped blade.

By means of the above scheme, the micro lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

(1) Reduce the workload of traditional micro-lysimeter soil sample collection;

(2) Near-original soil can be obtained, which greatly reduces the disturbance to the soil sample and improves the quality of soil sample collection;

(3) The micro-lysimeter soil samples collected do not require too much modification and treatment after collection. If the sample is too large or too small or the shape does not meet the requirements of the micro lysimeter for soil samples, it greatly reduces the workload of subsequent processing after soil sample collection;

(4) Strong operability and high efficiency compared with traditional collection methods.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement them according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings are described in detail below.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected and the circular arc groove of the miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the soil sample collection knife of miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the side view of the soil sample collection knife of miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the plan view of the soil sample collection knife of miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the plan view of the soil sample collection knife of miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the top view of the soil sample collection knife of the miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the soil sample collection knife of the miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the soil sample collection knife of the miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the soil sample collection knife in Embodiment 4 of the micro lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

According to the requirements of the soil infiltration experiment, the invention develops an efficient, practical and low-cost soil infiltration instrument tool to meet the soil collection requirements of the soil lysimeter experiment. There are mainly two types of operation methods: direct pressure type and gravity hammer type. The method of vertical pressure stabilization allows the sampling ring knife to enter the soil. This method is easy to operate, does not easily cause soil compaction and deformation, and is conducive to obtaining and maintaining the original soil column. The disadvantage is that it is not conducive to overcoming the resistance of the soil. The gravity hammering type uses external hammering or its own gravity impact to make the circular knife enter the soil against the resistance of the soil. This type of sampler can effectively overcome the resistance of the soil and make it possible to sample hard soil. The operation method is different, and the sampling tube needs to be inserted into the soil. To overcome the resistance of the soil is different, the quality of the obtained soil samples is also different. This device adopts the combination method of direct pressure and gravity hammering. For soft soil, the sampling ring knife is quickly pushed into the soil, and the soil sampling can be completed quickly; for hard soil, the sampling ring knife is gradually Buried.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the micro-lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present embodiment includes:

With the same origin as the center of the circle, draw a collection circle and a digging circle with the first diameter and the second diameter as the diameter respectively at the center of the soil sample collection area, wherein the first diameter is the diameter of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, so said second diameter is 8-12 cm larger than said first diameter;

Insert a soil sample collection knife into the lower soil layer on the sampling circle to separate the cylindrical soil sample to be collected from the surrounding soil, that is, to insert a circle of separation between the cylindrical soil sample A to be collected and the surrounding soil seam

Half of the soil at the annular structure between the collection circle and the digging circle is dug out, that is, a 180° arc groove B is formed between the collection circle and the digging circle, and the depth of the arc groove is m, the height of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected is n, and m is 15-30cm larger than n;

Utilize shovel at the arc groove place, carry out soil digging process to the lower part soil of described cylindrical soil sample to be collected, form a gap below described cylindrical shape to be collected, the plane of described gap (with the cylinder to be collected The plane where the cylindrical soil sample is located is a plane) and the area is not greater than 3/4 of the area of the collection circle, wherein the excavated soil range is the upper surface boundary of the excavated soil range with the upper ground surface of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected downward n, and The circle corresponding to the digging circle is the circle boundary;

Using a jack to lift the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, separate from the soil layer below the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, carry out barreling, and bring it back to the experimental site for soil lysimeter experiment;

The soil sample collection knife in this embodiment at least includes an arc-shaped blade 2, an arc-shaped knife case 1 adapted to the shape of the arc-shaped blade, and the arc-shaped knife case is sleeved on the arc-shaped blade On the opposite side of the arc-shaped blade, there are several first bolt holes, and at least one second bolt hole 5 corresponding to the first bolt hole is arranged on the arc-shaped knife box. , by sliding the arc-shaped blade on the length square of the arc-shaped knife box, different first bolt holes correspond to different second bolt holes, and the bolts pass through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes at the same time The arc-shaped blade and the arc-shaped cutter box are fixed together by the bolt, so as to change the length that the shovel end of the arc-shaped blade stretches out of the arc-shaped knife box.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , the central angle α of the arc of the arc-shaped blade is 90°. That is, the arc length of the arc-shaped blade is designed according to the circumference of the soil sample to be collected, that is, the arc is 1/4 of the soil sample to be collected.

The working principle of the micro lysimeter soil sample collection method in this embodiment is: the soil sample to be collected is a cylindrical soil column, the blade of the ring knife is an arc-shaped structure, and the arc length is 1% of the circumference of the collected soil sample /4, Insert the circular knife into the sampling soil area, and insert four knifes in sequence to separate a cylindrical soil column from the surrounding land. According to actual needs, how much the arc-shaped blade stretches out in the arc-shaped knife box adjusts the depth of the arc-shaped blade inserted into the ground.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 4, the micro-lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the shovel side of the arc-shaped blade is an arc-shaped structure, and the central angle of the arc-shaped structure is is 30°. In this embodiment, the shovel side of the arc structure makes it easier for the knife to be inserted into the ground.

Example 3

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 , the micro lysimeter soil sample collection method of this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and a handle rod 3 is also connected to the arc-shaped knife box. A stepping block 4 is provided on the arc-shaped knife box corresponding to the earth-shoveling force direction of the arc-shaped blade. Referring to Fig. 7, the arrow direction is the length direction of the arc-shaped knife box (this direction is also the length direction of the present invention).

Example 4

As shown in Figure 8, the micro-lysimeter soil sample collection method of the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 3, the shovel side of the arc-shaped blade is an arc-shaped structure, and the central angle of the arc-shaped structure is is 60°.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, for the convenience of use, a scale for measuring the depth of the layer is provided on the length direction of the arc-shaped blade.

The arc-shaped blade of the present invention is designed to be as long as possible to collect soil samples up to 1 meter deep; the arc-shaped blade can adjust the length extending out of the arc-shaped knife box according to the different collection depths of soil samples, and the circular knife has a scale to facilitate the control of different The collection target of the soil depth soil sample is convenient and controllable at the same time, which improves the target of soil sample collection; the arc-shaped knife box is equipped with a stepping block, which is convenient for the foot to force the collection knife to cut down the soil sample; there is also a A handle that can lift the entire harvesting knife.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. and modifications, these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method is characterized in that, comprising: With the same origin as the center of the circle, draw a collection circle and a digging circle with the first diameter and the second diameter as the diameter respectively at the center of the soil sample collection area, wherein the first diameter is the diameter of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, so said second diameter is 8-12 cm larger than said first diameter; Use a soil sample collection knife to insert into the lower soil layer on the sampling circle to separate the cylindrical soil sample to be collected from the surrounding soil, that is, insert a circle of separation gaps between the cylindrical soil sample to be collected and the surrounding soil ; Half of the soil at the annular structure between the collection circle and the digging circle is dug out, that is, a 180° arc groove is formed between the collection circle and the digging circle, and the depth of the arc groove is m , the height of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected is n, and m is 15-30cm larger than n; Use a shovel at the arc groove to dig out the soil in the lower part of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, and form a gap under the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, and the plane area of the gap is not larger than the collection circle. 3/4 of the area, where the excavated soil range is the upper surface boundary of the excavated soil range with the upper surface of the cylindrical soil sample to be collected downward n, and the circumference corresponding to the excavated hole circle is the circumferential boundary; Using a jack to lift the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, separate from the soil layer below the cylindrical soil sample to be collected, carry out barreling, and bring it back to the experimental site for soil lysimeter experiment; Wherein, the soil sample collection knife includes an arc-shaped blade, an arc-shaped knife box adapted to the shape of the arc-shaped blade, and the arc-shaped knife box is sleeved on the arc-shaped blade, A number of first bolt holes are provided on the opposite side of the arc-shaped blade, and at least one second bolt hole corresponding to the first bolt hole is arranged on the arc-shaped knife box, through which the The arc-shaped blade slides on the length square of the arc-shaped knife box, so that different first bolt holes correspond to different second bolt holes, and the bolts pass through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes at the same time. Arc-shaped blade and arc-shaped knife box are fixed together, and then change the length that the shovel end of described arc-shaped blade stretches out the arc-shaped knife box; The central angle of the arc of described arc-shaped blade is 90°. 2. The miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the arc-shaped knife box is also connected with a handle bar. 3. The miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the arc-shaped knife box is provided with a force stepping block on the earth shovel force direction corresponding to the arc-shaped blade. 4. miniature lysimeter soil sample collection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the shovel soil side of described arc-shaped blade is arc-shaped structure, and the central angle of described arc-shaped structure is 30 ° to 60°. 5. miniature lysimeter soil sample collecting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the lengthwise direction of described arc-shaped blade is provided with the ruler of measuring layer depth.